ACT READING TEST 1

35 Minutes—40 Questions
DIRECTIONS: There are four passages in this test. Each
passage is followed by several questions. After reading a
passage, choose the best answer to each question and fill in
the corresponding oval on your answer document. You
may refer to the passages as often as necessary

Passage I
He fled from his pursuers, slid down precipices,
Prose Fiction: The following passage is adapted from sprang over streams, and climbed up perpendicular
the short story “The Outlaws” by Selma Lagerlof. mountain walls. All latent strength and dexterity in him
was called forth by the frenzy of danger. His body
A peasant who had murdered a monk took to the 45 became elastic like a steel spring; his foot made no false
woods in flight. He was quickly made an outlaw by the step; his fingers never lost their hold; eye and ear were
villagers with whom he had lived. To his surprise, he twice as sharp as usual. He understood what the leaves
Line found before him in the wilderness another outlaw, a whispered and the rocks warned. When he had climbed
5 fisherman from the outermost islands who had been up a precipice, he turned toward his pursuers, sending
accused of stealing a herring net. The two joined 50 them gibes in biting rhyme. When the whistling darts
together, lived in a cave, set snares, sharpened darts, whizzed by him, he caught them, swift as lighting, and
baked bread on a granite rock, and guarded one another’s hurled them down on his enemies. As he forced his way
lives. The peasant never left the woods. The fisherman, through whipping branches, something within him sang
10 who had not committed such an abominable crime, a song of triumph.
however, sometimes loaded game on his shoulders and
stole down the mountain to be among men. There, he 55 The bald mountain ridge ran through the wood
managed to acquire, in exchange for ring-neck and alone on its summit stood a lofty fir. The red-brown
pheasants, for long-eared hares, and for fine-limbed red trunk was bare, but in the branching top rocked an
15 deer, milk and butter, arrowheads, and clothes. These eagle’s nest. The fugitive was now so audacious that he
items helped the outlaws sustain life in the wilderness. climbed up to the perch, while his pursuers looked for
60 him on the wooded slopes. There he sat muffling the
The cave where they lived was dug in the side of panicked cries of the young eaglets, while the hunt
a hill. Broad stones and thorny sloe-bushes hid the passed by far below him. Panicked and alarmed, the
entrance from virtually every vantage point. Above the male and female eagles swooped down upon the invader.
20 center of the cave grew a thick, mature pine tree. At its They fluttered before his face, striking with their beaks
roots the outlaws had born a vent-hole for the cave using 65 at his eyes, beating him with their wings, and tearing
crude implements. The rising smoke from small fires with their claws superficial wounds in his weather-
within filtered through the vent and then through the beaten skin. Laughing, he fought with them. Standing
tree’s thick branches where it seemed to vanish into upright in the shaking nest, he cut at them with his sharp
25 space. The men used to go to and from their dwelling knife and forgot in the pleasure of the play the danger
place, wading in the mountain stream, which ran down 70 and his pursuers in the wood below. When he found
the hill. No one looked for their tracks under the merry, time to look for them, they had already gone by to some
bubbling water. other part of the forest. No one had thought to look for
the prey on the bald mountain ridge. No one had raised
At first they were hunted like wild beasts. The an eye to the clouds to see him practicing boyish tricks
30 peasants gathered as if for a chase of bear or wolf. The 75 and sleepwalking feats while his life was in the greatest
wood was permeated by men with bows, arrows, and danger.
other weapons. Men wielding spears went through it,
The peasant trembled when he found that he was
leaving no dark crevice or busy thicket unexplored.
safe. With shaking hands, he caught at a support. Giddy
While the noisy battue hunted through the wood, the
with relief, he measured the height to which he had
35 outlaws lay in their dark hole, listening breathlessly,
80 climbed. He then moaned with the fear of falling.
panting with terror. The fisherman held out a whole day,
Afraid of the birds, afraid of being seen, afraid of
but he who had murdered was driven by unbearable fear
everything, he eventually slid down the trunk. He laid
out into the open where he could see his enemy. He was
himself forward over the rocks until the underbrush
quickly spotted and chased, but it seemed to him seven
covered him. There he hid himself under the young pine
40 times better than to lie still in helpless inactivity.
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ACT
85 tree’s tangled branches. Weak and powerless, he sank 5. The word “busy” in line 33 suggests that the thicket
down on the moss. A single man could have captured was:
him as he recovered from the reality of what had
transpired. After what seemed like an hour, he A. impenetrable
stumbled back to the cave to find his companion no B. dense
90 worse off, still motionless with fear. C. thorny
D. poisonous

6. According to the fourth paragraph (lines 41-54), when

fleeing his pursuers, the outlaw’s body and mind
1. The passage primarily provides a vivid description of: responded:

A. a fisherman’s life in the woods with his friends. F. with unusual lethargy.
B. how an outlaw evaded members of a search effort G. incredibly well.
in the woods. H. as if enervated.
C. why caves are not always the best places to hide in J. somewhat better.
the woods.
D. how mating adult eagles instinctually protect their 7. Based on the description in the fifth paragraph, during
young. his fight with the eagles, the outlaw did all of the
following EXCEPT:
2. In terms of developing the story, the first two
paragraphs primarily: A. stand upright in the shaky nest.
B. incur minor scratches.
F. introduce the main characters and set the scene. C. brandish a sharp knife.
G. introduce the main characters and foreshadow their D. gaze down upon his human pursuers.
demise.
H. create a dilemma that is resolved later in the 8. The events described in paragraphs 4-6 took place:
passage.
J. establish a tone of informality and humor. F. in a fictional world.
G. in the peasant’s imagination.
3. The passage is narrated from the perspective of: H. shortly after the monk was murdered.
J. years after the monk was murdered.
A. the outlaw who had murdered the monk.
B. the villagers who were searching for the outlaw. 9. As used in line 78, the word “support” most likely
C. a third party with intimate knowledge of all details. refers to:
D. a third party with limited knowledge of details and
events. A. a stake.
B. a nest.
4. It can most reasonably be inferred from the first C. a branch.
paragraph that the outlaws “guarded one another’s D. an eaglet.
lives” (lines 8-9) from:
10. The narrator’s attitude toward the outlaw can best be
F. eagles that nested high in trees. described as:
G. other humans who might spot them.
H. wild beasts, like bears or wolves. F. disapproving
J. other outlaws living in the woods. G. detached
H. approving
J. enthusiastic

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ACT
 Passage II In contrast, fitness experts argue that the
physical benefits of Pilates keep adults coming back for
Social Science: The following passage discusses several 45 more. Joseph Pilates himself classified his fitness
aspects of Pilates, an exercise program developed by program as a form of “contrology,” because he believed
Joseph Pilates in 1923. his method of exercise helped the dedicated participant
learn how to use his mind to control his body. This
Pilates is a physical fitness program that began benefit alone, touted Pilates, made his program superior
sweeping the nation during the mid 1990s, changing the 50 to all others.
notion of a “workout” for many. That’s right; for many
Line exercise enthusiasts, long gone are the days of mono- The goal of Pilates is not a “washboard stomach”
5 tonous treadmills and stationary bikes. Long gone too or bulging biceps. Pilates focuses on strengthening the
are the days of pushups, sit-ups, and other traditional core postural muscles (i.e., the ones that help keep the
forms of strength training. Even once fashionable tae bo human body balanced and that are essential to providing
and body-pump group classes have lost their appeal to 55 support for the spine). “Once you’ve begun to
the masses within the last decade, perhaps as a result of experience the physical benefits of strong and controlled
10 the Pilates movement. deep back and torso muscles,” asserted one renowned
exercise physiologist, “the benefits of other workouts
Developed in the early twentieth century by pale in comparison.”
German-born Joseph Pilates, the fitness program that
bears his name currently boasts more than 11 million 60 Some adherents admit that they have stuck with
regular participants and 14,000 instructors throughout Pilates for social reasons. “Pilates classes are a great
15 the United States. Amazingly, the numbers continue to way to meet people,” claimed a young adult who
grow. So why—you may ask—has Pilates become and regularly attends a group class near his home in Southern
remained so popular? California. “I have become friends with quite a few of
65 my Pilates classmates,” he added. “We share a healthy
Marketing experts claim that Pilates has lunch after class whenever possible. We even socialize,
remained the exercise rage because it has been espoused at times, on weekends and holidays.”
20 and promoted by so many celebrities. “Just walk
through the DVD sections of fitness or entertainment Sociologists explain this trend by noting that
product retailers and you will be overwhelmed with social networking in America has evolved over time.
images, testimonials, and other endorsements from 70 “Years ago, adults would network at places like bars and
celebrities like Madonna, Martha Stewart, and Tiger night clubs,” asserted one sociologist. “Today, there are
25 Woods,” says one marketing executive. “Celebrities essentially two new social networking options for adults:
attract adult admirers to Pilates the way a character like online chat rooms and fitness centers.”
SpongeBob SquarePants attracts children to specific
Other adult participants contend that Pilates
brands of cereal or liquid soap.”
75 offers them a great opportunity to exercise with their
One psychologist explained the phenomena by children. “Many of my adult students attend class with
30 pointing out that humans are social creatures who are their children,” stated one instructor. “They see Pilates
willing to go to extremes to be accepted by not only class as the perfect way to exercise and spend time with
family, friends, and co-workers, but also by members of their children.”
their communities at large. “Celebrities are the members
80 “Social benefits notwithstanding,” commented
of a society who are accepted and admired by the
one fitness center owner, “our Pilates classes help
35 masses. Whether celebrities are actually happy is
parents teach their children about the importance of
irrelevant. What is critical is that celebrities are
regular exercise in leading a healthy and fulfilling life.
perceived as happy and admired. This perception
Many parents in today’s society fail to instill in their
causes, often unconsciously, everyday people like you
85 children the importance of an exercise program that is
and me to seek the same happiness and admiration. So
both fun and safe for growing bodies.”
40 how do we go about doing so? We emulate celebrities:
If they wear Armani sunglasses, we wear Armani
sunglasses; if they practice Pilates, we practice Pilates.”
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ACT
11. According to the passage, adults participate in 16. The phrase stuck with (line 60) suggests that without
Pilates classes for all of the following reasons the social aspects of Pilates class:
EXCEPT:
F. some children would lose interest.
A. to spend time with their children. G. some adults would not socialize.
B. to emulate celebrities. H. some instructors would be less demanding.
C. to increase core postural muscle strength. J. some adults would stop participating.
D. to achieve a more balanced diet.
17. According to the statements made by the sociologist
in paragraph 8 (lines 68-73):
12. The main function of the second paragraph (lines 11-
17) in relation to the passage as a whole is to: A. adults no longer network socially at bars or night
clubs.
F. provide some background information and pose
B. online chat rooms are extremely popular among
a question that the author attempts to answer in
adults.
the remainder of the passage.
C. fitness centers are places where people can
G. cite an authority and pose a rhetorical question
interact socially.
that is never fully answered by the author in the
D. fitness centers no longer focus on the physical
remainder of the passage.
wellbeing of members.
H. introduce statistics that are immediately under-
mined by the rhetorical question that follows.
18. Based on the passage, which of the following
J. support a claim made in the first paragraph and
statements is most likely true?
anticipate a possible objection to the question
posed. F. An exercise program designed to strengthen core
postural muscles is entirely safe for everyone.
13. The author includes the quote that refers to G. Social networking has become more and more
“SpongeBob SquarePants” (lines 25-28) in order to popular over time.
help the reader: H. An exercise program designed to strengthen core
postural muscles is generally safe for children.
A. remember a simpler time of life. J. Celebrities enjoy the social benefits of Pilates
B. understand adult attraction to celebrities. more than everyday people.
C. introduce a humorous tone to the passage.
D. highlight marketing brilliance. 19. As it is used in line 83, the word fulfilling means:
A. busy
14. It is reasonable to infer that the psychologist quoted B. satisfying
in paragraph four (lines 29-42): C. active
F. disapproves of people who admire celebrities. D. relaxing
G. may admire certain celebrities herself.
H. is happy being a psychologist. 20. According to the passage, which statement best
J. wears Armani sunglasses and practice Pilates. summarizes the answer to the question posed in lines
16-17?

15. The term contrology (line 46) is most likely in F. Membership in Pilates classes continues to grow
quotation marks in order to indicate that the word: over time.
G. There are many reasons to explain why people
A. is being used ironically. practice Pilates.
B. was coined by Joseph Pilates. H. Pilates helps people lead healthy lives.
C. was used widely in Germany. J. Marketing experts use celebrities and social
D. is rooted in mythology. networks to promote Pilates.

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ACT
 Passage III Passage B
Humanities: Passage A is adapted from the essay 45 The poet Stéphane Mallarmé articulated his artistic
“Hawthorne and His Faun.” Passage B is adapted from philosophy when he remarked "suggestion ... that's the
the essay “Debussy: Poetic and Painterly Inspiration.” ideal." Because of his strict avoidance of overt
statements, he is known as a symbolist poet. Mallarmé's
Passage A famous work “The Afternoon of a Faun” adopts an
In 1858, author Nathaniel Hawthorne visited the 50 intentional ambiguity. In the poem, published in 1876, a
Capitoline Museum in Rome. While admiring the art on faun, drowsy from drinking wine, recalls a period earlier
display there, Hawthorne happened upon a sculpture of a in the day during which he had chased nymphs—his
Line faun, a mythological creature that combined the physical female counterparts—through the forest. Mallarmé's
5 characteristics of a human male and a goat. The life- language intentionally shrouds the faun's recollections in
sized marble piece enchanted Hawthorne; upon viewing 55 mystery. The reader is left to ponder whether the faun is
it, he "was sensible of a peculiar charm in it; a sylvan hazily recalling real encounters or dream sequences.
beauty and homeliness, friendly and wild at once. The Many of the ideas in Mallarmé's poem align with
lengthened, but not preposterous ears, and the little tail ... the musical sensibilities of Claude Debussy. An
10 make the spectator smile in his very heart." impressionist composer, Debussy used fragments of
Inspired by the expert craftsmanship, Hawthorne 60 melody, occasionally augmented by colorful harmonies,
began work on a new novel, The Marble Faun, published that dart in and out of his compositions. His technique
in 1860. In the text, Hawthorne thoroughly explores the eschewed the long lines of flowing melody favored by
intriguing intersection of human and animal character- classical music composers of earlier times and mimicked
15 istics that the statue presents. He also delves into the the work of the French impressionist painters of the late
creature's mythical reputation for impishness and 65 18th century, who used dabs of color instead of elegant
joviality. The story begins in the same Capitoline brushstrokes to enliven their canvases.
Museum where Hawthorne himself saw the sculpture. A Debussy's “Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun,”
character named Donatello visits the museum with which debuted in 1894, is one of his most famous
20 friends, who notice striking similarities between compositions; its title acknowledges Debussy's debt to
Donatello's physical appearance and the statue’s. Like 70 Mallarmé. Debussy positioned the piece as "a free
the marble figure, Donatello has thick curly hair that illustration" of the poem, not a strict musical
obscures the tops of his ears, causing his friends to interpretation. The dreamlike mood he creates is
wonder whether his ears come to a point like the faun's. distilled in a main theme, which consists of a series of
25 When questioned about his resemblance to the descending notes. Musically, Debussy evokes a drifting
sculpture, Donatello responds as a faun might, offering 75 off to sleep, an effect he heightens through use of the
coy answers. His responses to subsequent inquiries flute to sound the theme. He chose the flute, an
suggest that he may, indeed, hail from the line of instrument that composers of his time typically did not
mythical creatures. Later, Donatello continues to behave spotlight, because he believed that it would accurately
30 in ways that evoke a faun. He frolics and capers around mirror the pipes a faun might play while gallivanting
the museum, prodding his friends' curiosity: Is he excited 80 through the woods.
by seeing one of his own kind? Is he reveling in his The theme enters and exits the piece, often
friends' suspicion of his true self? Or, is Donatello resurfacing in slightly different forms and combining
simply enjoying being the center of attention? with other musical fragments to create a whole. The
35 Hawthorne never resolves the uncertainty interplay of these dabs, bursts, and dashes of sound
surrounding Donatello's identity, and, while The Marble 85 create impressions of, among other things, frivolity,
Faun proved to be a commercial success, early readers of intoxication, bliss, natural grandeur, and placidity. The
the novel were disappointed by this ambiguity. Perhaps composition is about as close as one can get sonically to
those readers expected an ending similar to that found in the visual stylings of impressionist painters like Monet,
40 The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne's well-known novel from whose paintings were built with abbreviated brush-
1850, which clearly spells out the fates of the book's 90 strokes. This musical interplay is also quite effective.
main characters. Since modern literature has evolved to One critic declared that the music "evokes the scene as
embrace unresolved issues, perhaps today's reader is vividly as a master painter could with colors."
better conditioned to appreciate The Marble Faun.
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ACT
 Questions 21-25 ask about Passage A. Questions 26 and 27 ask about Passage B.

21. When Hawthorne remarked that the faun’s ears were 26. The first paragraph of Passage B (lines 45-56)
“lengthened, but not preposterous” (line 9), he most suggests that poet Stéphane Mallarmé avoided:
likely meant that the faun’s ears were:
F. irony in most, but not all, of his poetry.
A. eerily similar to goat ears. G. symbolic language in “The Afternoon of a Faun.”
B. longer than normal, but not too long. H. clear statements in his poetry.
C. pointy, but not too pointy. J. the long lines of flowing melody favored by
D. amusing, but not distracting. some composers of classical music.

22. Passage A indicates that Hawthorne was:

27. Within Passage B, the reference in lines 73-74 to a
F. an amateur sculptor himself. series of descending notes was most likely included
G. visiting Rome for sources of inspiration. to explain how Debussy:
H. intrigued, unexpectedly, by a sculpture in Rome.
J. often inspired by mythological creatures. A. highlighted the links that connect a series of
dreams that become more and more irrational.
B. created the sense of falling deeper and deeper
23. According to Passage A, which of the following real
into sleep.
life people or events does Hawthorne incorporate
C. suggested the diminishing sensibilities of the
into The Marble Faun?
mythological faun.
A. A group of questioning friends D. stresses the progression from afternoon to
B. A frolicking faun evening in “Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun.”
C. A capering museum patron
D. A visit to a museum in Rome

Questions 28-30 ask about both passages.

24. Like Hawthorne in The Marble Faun, the author of
Passage A leaves the reader wondering. Which of
28. Both Passage A and Passage B address:
the following questions did the author of Passage A
most likely intentionally leave unanswered? F. the avoidance of overt statements in literature.
G. the connections between literature, musical com-
F. Did Donatello have pointy ears hidden under his
position, and painting.
thick curly hair?
H. evolving themes in both prose and poetry.
G. Did all of Donatello’s friends question his
J. the use of the mythological faun to garner
identity, or did one friend know for sure?
commercial success in literature.
H. How long after the visit to the museum did
Donatello act impishly?
J. Did Donatello have a goatee in addition to his
29. Based on the description of today’s readers in
thick curly hair?
Passage A, modern audiences would likely enjoy
which of the following the LEAST:
25. Passage A suggests which of the following about
Hawthorne’s writing style? A. The suggestive language of “The Afternoon of a
Faun” as described in Passage B.
A. It was always in synch with the preferences and B. The free interpretative nature of “The Prelude to
tastes of the readers of his time. the Afternoon Faun” as described in Passage B.
B. It evolved during his career as a novelist. C. The deliberate ambiguity of The Marble Faun as
C. It inspired a movement that transcended the described in Passage A.
literary world. D. The lack of uncertainty in The Scarlet Letter as
D. It remained largely unchanged throughout his described in Passage A.
short, but brilliant career.
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ACT
 30. Elsewhere in the essay from which Passage B was everywhere, stars of approximately the same kind and
adapted, the author of Passage B writes: density.
20 This view, however, is not in harmony with the
Director Martin Scorsese employs similar classical celestial theory of the physicist Newton, which
elements in his film The Departed. Costigan, an requires that the universe have a center. This center,
undercover police officer, and Sullivan, a gangster Newton theorized, would be identifiable because it is
who has joined the police force as an informant, there that the density of stars would be greatest.
each become romantically involved with a woman 25 Accordingly, if we were to proceed outwards through
named Madolyn at different points in the movie. space from this center, we would observe an ever-
While the film suggests that Sullivan has had diminishing density of stars until finally, at some great
reproductive issues in the past, Scorsese fails to distance from the center, we would enter an infinite
give viewers the satisfaction of knowing region of emptiness.
which man is the biological father of the baby
Madolyn gives birth to at the end of the movie. 30 Unfortunately, Newton’s conception of the
universe lacks theoretical rigor and it is not very
Based on Passage A and Passage B, which of the satisfactory because it leads to the conclusion that the
following statements is most likely true? light emitted by stars, especially those stars farthest from
the center, is perpetually passing out into infinite space,
F. Audiences of the mid 1800s would have enjoyed
35 never to return. Such a finite material universe would be
The Departed.
destined to become gradually but systematically
G. Mallarmé would have enjoyed the suggestive
impoverished.
aspect of The Departed.
H. Debussy would not have enjoyed the musical Unsatisfied with the level of theoretical rigor
score of The Departed. associated with the works of both Seeliger and Newton,
J. Hawthorne would not have enjoyed the 40 we should turn our attention to non-Euclidean geometry,
ambiguous aspect of The Departed. which has led to the recognition that we can cast doubt
on the infiniteness of our universe, which is problematic
for the theories of both Seeliger and Newton.
Passage IV Start by imagining an existence in two-
45 dimensional space: flat beings, with flat things, free to
Natural Science: The following passage is adapted from
move about within their two-dimensional world. For
“Relativity: The Special and General Theory” by Albert
them, nothing exists outside of the plane. In contrast to
Einstein.
ours, their universe is limited to only two dimensions;
Apart from the difficulty associated with like ours, however, theirs extends infinitely. In their
uniform particle motion, there is a second fundamental 50 universe there is room for a grid composed of an infinite
difficulty with classical celestial mechanics. This second number of identical squares.
Line difficulty was first discussed in detail by the astronomer
Let us now consider a second two-dimensional
5 Seeliger. In his published works, Seeliger encouraged
existence, but this time on a vast spherical surface
readers to consider the universe as a whole. He then
instead of on a plane. The flat beings fit exactly on the
challenged them to describe such universe in words.
55 curved surface and they are unable to leave it. Their
If we were to think about the universe for a whole universe of observation extends exclusively over
moment as Seeliger envisioned it, we might quickly the surface of the sphere. Are these beings able to travel
10 come to the conclusion that, with regard to space, the infinitely in one direction (from their perspective, of
universe is infinite. In other words, we might say that course)? Yes. Is their universe, thus, infinite? No, it is
the universe goes on forever without limit. If we were 60 limited by the surface area of their spherical world. The
then asked to comment on the stars existing within the great charm resulting from this consideration lies in the
universe, we might add that there are stars everywhere recognition of the fact that, while the universe of these
15 and are evenly distributed throughout the universe. In beings is finite, it seemingly has no limits. Thus, we
other words, we might say that no matter how far we must remain open to the idea that our own universe is
might travel through space, we would expect to find 65 actually finite but seemingly boundless.

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ACT
31. Which of the following statements most accurately 36. According to the passage, the flat two-dimensional
summarizes the author’s opinion of the celestial world differs from the spherical two-dimensional
theories of Seeliger and Newton? world in that:
A. Alone each is insufficient, but together they are F. the former is finite, while the latter is infinite.
satisfactory. G. the former has no limits, but the latter does.
B. They are both based on non-Euclidean geometry. H. the former is infinite, while the latter is finite.
C. They are materially similar. J. the former is boundless, but the latter is not.
D. They both lack rigorous theoretical support.
37. The primary function of fifth paragraph (lines 38-43)
is to:
32. Based on the passage, with which of the following
conclusions about our universe would the author A. further discredit the theories of both Seeliger and
most likely agree? Newton.
B. introduce a secondary theme that is referenced in
F. While it is limitless, it may be boundless. the first paragraph.
G. While it has a center, it may be a small one. C. reinforce the importance of math in celestial
H. It may be both finite and limitless. physics and theories of the universe.
J. It may be finite, but it is ever-expanding. D. transition the passage from the discussion of
certain theories to a discussion of a field of math
that may offer insights into the universe.
33. According to the passage, Seeliger believed that:
A. the universe is infinite and without limits. 38. The author italicized the word things in line 45 most
B. the universe has a center. likely to acknowledge the use of:
C. space travel would one day be possible.
F. a term of art.
D. the density of stars is highest near the center.
G. a technical term.
H. an ambiguous word.
J. an unsophisticated word.
34. The author uses the fourth paragraph (lines 30-37)
primarily to:
39. The writer most likely included the parenthetical in
F. introduce a new theory. lines 58-59 in order to:
G. explain why a theory is unsatisfactory.
H. argue against the conservation of matter. A. remind the reader that the discussion is
J. explain why non-Euclidean geometry is impor- theoretical in nature.
tant. B. highlight the limits of a flat, two-dimensional
world.
C. remind the reader of the perspective required to
35. Which of the following questions does the passage answer the question correctly.
NOT answer? D. introduce a lighthearted tone to the passage.
A. Is the writer satisfied with the theories of
Seeliger and Newton? 40. It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that
B. Does Seeliger’s theory require that the universe the author:
have a center? F. values non-Euclidean geometry as a tool for
C. Does Newton’s theory require that the universe understanding the universe.
have a center? G. enjoys theorizing with colleagues from various
D. Did Seeliger and Newton colloborate at some disciplines.
point in their careers? H. has collected empirical data on stars with
constant average density.
J. believes in beings that live in two-dimensional
worlds.
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ACT