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Physics

1. c)

2. b) By conservation of momentum
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2
They go with same velocities as a system (i.e. v2 = v2)
mu + (2m) × 0 = mv + 2mv
u
i.e. v = 3
3. b) 4. b) 5.d
6. b) Tendency to overturn v2
7. d
8. d) Velocity (v) =  A2 – X2
Acceleration (a) = – 2x
i.e. at mean position (x = 0), v is maximum and a is minimum (in terms of
magnitudes).
9. d) 10. b)
11. d) For cooking utensils, low specific heat is preferred for its material
as it should need less heat to raise its temperature and it should
have high conductivity, because, it should transfer heat quickly.
12. d) 13.a)

14. a) A metallic sphere having a fine opening on side may be considered as

black body. Ferry's black body is an example.
15. d)
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16. c) mw/mi = (20 + 15)/(20 – 15) = 7:1
17. c)
18. c) As we know, V  T  
 T
1
19. b) n  L2
20. c) 4 nodes, 3 antinodes
21. b)
22. a) I=+r
or, 60º = 15º + r
r = 45º
3
sin i sin60 2
Now, sin isin45 = 1 = 1.22
2
23. b)
24. d) Because of repulsion & its surface tension decreases.
q1q2 (–a) (–e) e2
25. a) U= = = As r so U.
4or 4r 4r
26. b) 27. c)
28. c) Magnetic field is towards north, force is towards east
Using Fleming's left Hand rule, current flows downwards.
29. a) For a straight conductor, L = 0, because its cross sectional area of coil is
negligible.
30. a) Energy supplied = CV2 but energy used = ½ CV2
31. a) 32.a) 33.a)
34. c) Energy of produced photon is E=eV and E=λhc

V is accelrating potential.

So λ∝V1

so making V , 2 times will make lambda , 1/2 times i.e. λ/2

35. c) T2  r 3
T1  R 3/2 13/2 1
T2 = 4R = 4 = 8
36. c) Fraction of atoms remaining after n half lives.
1 × original atom = 1 × 100 = 3%
n 5

2 2
37. a) 38.c)
39. c) 40. a)
41. d) Electron is a lepton. Leptons don’t have quarks but hadrons do.

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42. b) 43.d) 44. b) 45. a
46. b) Velocity of light in glass slab
c 3 × 108
v = = 1.5 = 2 × 108 m/s

d 6 × 10–3
t = v = 2 × 108 = 3 × 10–11 sec = 0.03 n sec
𝐴+𝛿𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑠𝑖𝑛( )
47. C) 𝜇=
𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐴⁄2
2
 √3

600 +𝛿𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑠𝑖𝑛( )
2 √3 𝛿𝑚𝑖𝑛
= 600
 2
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (300 +
2
) 𝛿𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 600
𝑆𝑖𝑛
2

48. a 49. b)
50. c) With complete combustion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms the core
of the star starts contracting again with consequent rise of temperature. With rise in
temperature the outer layer of the star expands and the size of the star increases.
Chemistry
51. d) Law of Multiple Proportions - When two elements combine with each
other to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that
combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole
numbers. Given by Dalton
Hence SnCl2 and SnCl4 illustrates the law of multiple proportions.
52.b 53. c) 54.a 55.c 56. a 57. b
58. a) In IV group including the radicals Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+and Co2+, H2S gas is
passed in basic medium to increase S2- ion concentration by odd ion
effect, so that the ionic product of their corresponding cations and S 2- ion
exceeds the solubility product of their corresponding metal sulphides
and hence gets precipitated.
59. b) The bond angles in H2O, H2S NH3 & CH4 are 104.5°, 91°, 107.5° & 109.5°
respectively.
60. c)
61. d) The reaction is spontaneous if change in Gibb’s free energy is negative.
The correct thermodynamic conditions for the spontaneous reaction at all
temperatures is △H<0 and △S>0
Under these conditions, ΔG=ΔH−TΔS<0
Note: for spontaneous reactions, ΔG<0, for non-spontaneous reactions,
ΔG>0, for reactions at equilibrium, ΔG=0
62. a
63. d) The Standard reduction potential of Na is lower than Zinc . Hence, Zn
cannot displace Na from its salt.
64. a 65.b) 66.b)
67. d) Cubic is most symmetric while triclinic is most asymmetric crystal
structure.
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68. a
69. b) Sulphide ores are concentrated via froth floatation method. Galena (PbS)
70. b) FeSiO3
flux(SiO2)+gangue(FeO)→slag(FeSiO3)

71. b) 72.d) 73. a) 74.d

75. a) The electrolysis of brine solution to prepare sodium hydroxide can be
given as follow:
NaCl(conc.) ⇌ Na++Cl−
H2O⇌H++OH−
At cathode:
2H+2e−→H2↑
At anode:
2Cl−→Cl2↑+2e−
Na++OH−→NaOH
76. b
77. d) Prussian blue is formed when ferric sulphate reacts with K4[Fe(CN)6].
2Fe2(SO4)3+3K4[Fe(CN)6]⟶Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3(Prussianblue)+6K2SO4.

78. a) Hydrogen sulfide is usually evolved from iron sulfide, by the following
reaction:
FeS+2HCl→H2S+FeCl2
The same reaction is used in Kipp’s apparatus for making H2S gas.
79. a)
80. d) Cl2 acts as an oxidizing agent in the reaction with HBr, HI and KBr,KI.
81. b) 2P4+3NaOH+9H2O→3NaH2PO4+5PH3
P (0) P (+5) P (-3)
It is a disproportionation reaction.
82. c) 83. b) 84. b) 85.b) 86. d)
87. b) Dehydration of alcohol is an example β-elimination. It involves the loss
of two atoms/groups from adjacent carbon atoms.
(ethanol) CH3βCH2αOH + alc. KOH →ethene CH2=CH2 .
The reaction involves the formation of Carbocation intermediate.
88. b)
89. c) C2H5Br + C2H5ONa (in presence of NaBr) C2H5−O−C2H5
Williamson's synthesis is used to prepare ether. It takes place on the
presence of a metallic alkoxide compound.
90. b)
91. a) Iodoform test is given by the compounds having −CO−CH3 functional
group. However, acetaldehyde (H−CO−CH3) also contains this group.
All the aldehyde gives Fehling's test. Hence, the compound which gives
both the test is Ethanal

92.d 93. c) 94.d)

95. b) Vinyl chloride shows resonance.

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96. c 97.c 98. c) 99. a)
100. d) Polystyrene is an addition polymer of styrene.

Zoology
101. c Tendency to grow and use and disuse organ was given by Lamarck
102. b) Javaman used fire
Highest cranial capacity found in Cro-magnon
103.) b Wings of birds and Bat is analogous organ
104.d
105.B annelida – The organism has segmentation and a closed circulatory system
typical of annelids. Unlike arthropods, it lacks jointed appendages, clearly
distinguishing it from that phylum.
106. b) 107.c
108. b) Classification of coelenterates is based upon dominance of polypoid and
medusoid stage. 3 classes of coelenterates are:
Hydrozoa: both polyp and medusoid present
Scyphozoa: Medusoid stage present but polyp reduced or absent
Anthozoa: polyp present and medusoid reduced or absent
109. a In porifera Archeocyte cell is found
110. c
111. b) P. malariae causes quartan malaria in which there is recurrence of fever
every 72 hours. Other species mentioned causes tertian malaria with
recurrence of fever every 48 hours.
112.a) their blood-feeding behavior – Mosquitoes transmit pathogens when they
pierce the skin and suck blood, making them effective disease vectors.
113.c) scaly skin resistant to water loss – This trait helps reptiles conserve water,
unlike amphibians which typically have moist, permeable skin and rely on water
environments.
114.b) frog heart mixes oxygenated and deoxygenated blood; human heart does
not – Frogs have a 3-chambered heart causing partial mixing; humans have a
complete 4-chamber system with full separation.
115. b)
116.c Earthworm belongs to Oligocheta class
117.c) 14, 15, and 16 segment is called as clitelar region
118.) d
119.d Most dangerous air pollutant is CO.
120.a) Potamodromous ⟶ within fresh water eg: carps and trouts
Amphidromous ⟶ for feeding eg. Gobies fish
Anadromous ⟶ marine to fresh water for reproduction eg. Salmon, hilsa
Catadromous ⟶ fresh to marine water for reproduction eg. Anguilla (eel
fish)
121. b
122. b) Blood – Blood cells = Plasma
Plasma - Clotting Factors = Serum
123. a
124. b) Reticular tissue consist of reticular fibers which are highly branched. The
fibers form a soft skeleton (stroma) to support the lymphoid organs.
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125. b 126.c
127. b) Mixed cranial nerve = V, VII, IX, X
Pure sensory nerve = I, II, VIII
Pure motor nerve = rest all
128.c
129.c) immune defense – Lymphocytes are a core part of adaptive immunity. A
deficiency severely impairs the body's ability to fight infections.
130. c) Thyroid cartilage forms the Adam's apple in humans.
131. c
132. d) Disease Test
AIDS ELISA, Western blot
TB Ziehl Neelsen test, Mantoux Test
Typhoid Widal test
Cancer Biopsy
133.c) spinal cord – The absence of myelin in the CNS directly impacts nerve
conduction in the spinal cord, leading to slow reflexes and coordination issues.
134.c) 135.c)
136. b) ADH – increases water reabsorption in nephrons – ADH (antidiuretic
hormone) conserves water in the body by increasing reabsorption, reducing urine
output after electrolyte intake.
137. d
138.a) AB blood type lacks antibodies against both A and B antigens – This allows
AB individuals to receive blood from any group without immune reaction.
139.d) nervous system – Potassium is essential for nerve impulse transmission and
muscle contraction. Its deficiency disrupts both functions, causing cramps and
arrhythmia.
140. c) Deficiency of dopamine leads to Parkinson's disease
Deficiency of Acetylcholine leads to Alzheimer's disease
Botany
141. b
142. a) Red algae like Polysiphonia, Rhodymenia, Rhodomela, etc are rich in
bromine.
143. a) bryophyta – These plants depend on water for reproduction (motile sperm)
and have a dominant gametophyte phase with a dependent sporophyte.
144. a) 145.d)
146. b) Gymnosperms are regarded as naked seeded plants because they lack
ovary.
147.c
148.c Prothallus of fern is haploid. It's the gametophyte stage of the fern life
cycle and develops from a haploid spore.
149.c)
150.a The most abundant protein in the human body is collagen
151.a) 152.d)
153. a) excess cytokinins stimulating shoot over root development – Cytokinins
promote shoot formation; excess disrupts hormonal balance, hindering root
growth.
154. b) Primary productivity is related with the storage of energy at producers
level which may be either net or gross primary productivity.
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155. b) 156. b)
157.b) ABA-mediated stomatal regulation preventing water loss – ABA closes
stomata during drought stress, preventing water loss and enhancing drought
survival.
158. d) Formation and growth of the cell plate is dependent upon the
phragmoplast which is required for the proper targeting of Golgi derived
vesicles to the cell plate.
159. b) 160.b 161.d)
162. b) Due to the strip of cambium in between xylem are phloem, it is open.
Xylem and phloem on same radius, collateral protoxylem central and
metaxylem peripheral
163. b
164. a) Angiosperm has polygonum type or fertilization i.e., 7celled, 8 nucleated
which is the most common and primitive type of fertillzatlon.
165.b) chlorophyll reflects green light, limiting energy capture – Plants appear green
because chlorophyll reflects green wavelengths, absorbing red and blue more
efficiently.
166.b) DPD= OP - TP
When cell is fully turgid DPD equals 0. (OP = TP)
In case of plasmolysis, DPD equals OP. (TP = 0)
167.b) cotyledon position relative to soil surface – In epigeal germination, cotyledons
emerge above ground; in hypogeal, they remain below the surface.
168. c
169. a) Width of heartwood increases during secondary growth.

170.d) is essential for stem elongation via cell elongation – Gibberellins elongate
internodes by stimulating cell division and elongation, explaining dwarfism in
their absence.
171. b 172.a
173. c) XCX (daughter of colorblind man) × XY (normal
man)

Xc X Xc Y XX XY
1/2 of the son is affected
174. d) Following the Chargaff rule
A (120) = T(120), G (120) = C (120)
Total: 480
175. b
176. d) But, Pasteur effect = an inhibiting effect of oxygen on the fermentation
process (respiration)
177.b) it is a dicot with monocot features due to mutation – The mixed traits suggest
a mutation or genetic modification resulting in dicot seed structure but monocot
anatomy.
178. d) 179.a)
180. b) When the substrate binds with the repressor protein synthesized by
promoter gene, aporepressor complex is formed which further cannot
bind with the operator gene and RNA polymerase is free to transcribe
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 structural genes and the phenomena is called as swiched on in Lac
operon system.
MAT
181. c) Sumit si 17th rank from the last and Ravi is 7 ranks ahead of Sumit.
So, Ravi is= 17+7=24th (from the last)
The total number of students is= 39
Ravi rank from the start= Total number of students- Ravi’s rank from the
last+1
= 39-24+1
= 15+1
= 16
182. c) Given, Principal (P) = 500000
Time (T) = 10 years
Rate (R) = 10%
Now, Amount (A) = P + I
PTR 500000 × 10 × 10
=P+ = 500000 +
100 100
= 500000 + 500000 = Rs. 1000000
183. c) Given series can be shown as:

Z, Y, A, X, B, W, C

184. c) On 31st December, 2005 it was Saturday.

Number of odd days from the year 2006 to the year 2009 = (1 + 1 + 2 + 1)
= 5 days.
On 31st December 2009, it was Thursday.
Thus, on 1st Jan, 2010 it is Friday.
185. a) Protozoa comes under Invertebrates but Chordata are vertebrates. Thus,
option (a) is correct.
186. c) Five consecutive multiples of 15 can be written as
x – 30, x – 15, x, x + 15, x + 30
So,
x – 30 + x – 15 + x + 15 + x + 30
Average =
5
5x
or, 60 = or, x = 60  Third number
5
187. d) 1 =1
1 2 =4
2 33= 27 44 = 256
5 = 3125
5 6 = 466656
6

30 × 12 + 25 × 15
188. b) Average age = 30 + 25 = 13.36 years
2×5×7 8×3×4
189. c) In 1st fig; 2 = 35 In 2nd fig; 2 = 48
9×4×1
Similarly, in 3rd fig; 2 = 18
190. c)

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191. b) M1 = 40, W1 = 60, D1 = 8 M2 = 40 – 8 = 32, W2 = ?, D2 = 12
M1D1W2 = M2D2W1  40 × 8 × W = 32 × 12 × 60  W2 =
32×12×60
= 72
40×8

192. d) Scholarship seats will not be same every year and they may be less or
more than previous. Thus, the data is inadequate.
193. d)

194. a) The square of last digit is kept at first in the code. i.e. In 123 the square of
3 is 9, 2 is 4, 1 is 1 and the code is 941.
Thus, code for 425 will be: 52.... 22.... 42
 25416
195. d)
196. b) Combination of two series:
I II
4, 12, 28, ? 6, 14, 30, …..
Pattern, +8, +16, +32
Missing = 28 + 32 = 60

197. c) Here,
Box with 1 dot is opposite of 3. Box with 6 dots is opposite of 2.
Box with 4 dots is opposite of 5.
Since, opposite sides of dice can't be seen simultaneously, the only option
correct is (c) with 1, 5 and 6 dots.
198. c)

199. a) By the given statements, the following conclusion can be made.

Thus, 'X' is sitting to the opposite of 'Q'

200. c)