Object, Complement, and Modifier in Sentences
1. OBJECT
An object receives the action of the verb.
a) Direct Object: Answers "what?" or "whom?" after the verb.
Example: She plays guitar. (What does she play? Guitar.)
b) Indirect Object: Receives the direct object. Tells to whom or for whom.
Example: He gave me a gift. ("me" = indirect object, "a gift" = direct object)
2. COMPLEMENT
A complement completes the meaning of a verb, especially linking verbs like be, seem, become.
a) Subject Complement: Follows linking verbs; describes or renames the subject.
Examples: She is a doctor. / They are happy.
b) Object Complement: Renames or describes the object.
Example: They elected him president. ("president" = object complement for "him")
3. MODIFIER
A modifier gives more information about another word. Modifiers can be adjectives, adverbs,
phrases, or clauses.
a) Adjective Modifier (modifies a noun)
Example: The red car is fast.
b) Adverb Modifier (modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb)
Example: He ran quickly.
c) Phrase Modifier
Example: The man in the red shirt is my uncle.
SUMMARY TABLE
| Term | Function | Example |
|-------------|--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------|
| OBJECT | Receives action of verb | She reads a book. |
| COMPLEMENT | Renames or describes subject or object | She is a teacher. |
| MODIFIER | Adds detail to nouns/verbs/adjectives | He runs very fast. |