CHAPTER 2
FROM THE OLD TO THE NEW
WHY TECHNOLOGY CHANGE?
Innovation and Creativity: Humans are always trying to
improve and create new things. This drive for innovation
leads to the development of new technologies and the
enhancement of existing ones.
Problem-Solving: Technology evolves as we encounter new
problems or challenges. New tools and methods are
developed to address these issues more effectively.
WHY TECHNOLOGY CHANGE?
Economic Factors: Companies and industries seek to
gain competitive advantages and improve efficiency.
This often involves investing in and developing new
technologies.
Consumer Demands: As society changes, so do the
needs and preferences of consumers. Technology
evolves to meet these changing demands and
expectations.
WHY TECHNOLOGY CHANGE?
Scientific Advances: Progress in scientific understanding
often leads to new technological possibilities.
Breakthroughs in fields like materials science, computing,
and biology can drive technological change.
Cultural and Social Changes: Shifts in culture and social
norms can influence technological development. For
instance, increased emphasis on environmental
sustainability can drive innovations in green technology.
EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY FROM THE
OLD TO NEW
Made nearly two million years ago, stone tools such as
this are the first known technological invention.
This chopping tool and others like it are the oldest
objects in the British Museum.
This could be used to chop branches from trees, cut
meat from large animals or smash bones for marrow
fat—an essential part of the early human diet. The
flakes could also have been used as small knives for
light duty tasks.
EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY FROM THE
OLD TO NEW
A digital camera is a hardware device that takes
Daguerreotype:A Daguerreotype is an early form of photographs and stores the image as data on a memory
photo camera, designed by Louis Daguerre in 1839. A card. In mid-1970s, Kodak has invented several solid-state
plate with a thin film of silver iodide was exposed to image sensors that "converted light to digital pictures" for
light for minutes or hours. Then, in darkness, the professional and home consumer use. In 1986, Kodak
photographer would treat it with mercury vapor and scientists invented the world's first megapixel sensor,
heated saltwater. capable of recording 1.4 million pixels that could produce a
5 x 7-inch digital photo-quality print.
EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY FROM THE
OLD TO NEW
In ancient times, the primary modes of transportation
were simple and relied heavily on human and animal An electric car or electric vehicle is a
power. Early humans traveled on foot, carrying goods passenger automobile that is propelled by
and personal belongings. Over time, the an electric traction motor, using electrical
domestication of animals such as horses, camels, and energy as the primary source of propulsion
donkeys revolutionized travel and trade.
EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGY FROM THE
OLD TO NEW
Bell Telephone (Wooden Hand Crank Phone)
A smartphone is a handheld electronic device that provides
Year Invented: 1876
a connection to a cellular network. Smartphones were
Inventor: Alexander Graham Bell
introduced to the world in 1994 by IBM but have since
Country of Origin: United States
expanded to include companies like Apple and Samsung.
Years Manufactured: 1876 – 1910s
THE PRINT AGE.
The term "print age" typically refers to the period in
human history when print media became a
dominant form of communication.
This era began with the invention of the printing
press by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th
century. Gutenberg's press allowed for the mass
production of books and other printed materials,
which made written information more widely
accessible and affordable.
The print age marked significant changes in society,
including the spread of knowledge, the rise of
literacy rates, and the growth of education and
intellectual movements.
THE PRINT AGE.
When this happened, paper and bookbinding
materials became affordable, leading to books being
spread worldwide.
People began to know how to read and write, which
paved the way to more literate societies.
It was the time when paper became cheaper, more
printing presses became advanced and faster, and
more reliable transportation technologies became
progressive, which also paved the way for newspapers
and magazines to be known as print media.
THE AUDIOVISUAL AGE.
Wireless telegraphy or radiotelegraphy invented
by Guglielmo Marconi, who transmitted
telegraph signals by radio waves, opened the
door for radio and television broadcasts.
The concept of passing signals then prompted
the enhancement to signal transmission and
reception. Because of this, the vacuum tube
technology was even upgraded, leading to
televisions and radios being more reliable and
compact.
They provided access to more channels and
service in areas where broadcast signal reception
was unreliable, like in mountainous regions.
TECHOLOGY BEING DEVELOP DURING
AUDIOVISUAL AGE.
Motion Pictures and Film: Early Motion
Pictures: Innovations by pioneers like
Thomas Edison and the Lumière
brothers led to the development of
early film technologies, such as the
kinetoscope and the cinematograph.
Television: The advent of color TV in
the 1950s enhanced the viewing
experience with richer visuals.
THE AUDIOVISUAL AGE.
Radio: Radio is the technology of
communicating using radio waves.
Video Cassette Recorders
(VCRs):Home Recording: VCRs
allowed people to record television
programs and watch movies at
home, providing greater control
over media consumption
THE INTERNET AND DIGITAL MEDIA AGE
WHAT IS INTERNET?
The internet got its start in the United States in the late 1960s as a military
defense system in the Cold War.
For years, scientists and researchers used it to communicate and share data
with one another.
The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic
devices. With the Internet, it's possible to access almost any information,
communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more.
You can do all of this by connecting a computer to the Internet, which is also
called going online. When someone says a computer is online, it's just
another way of saying it's connected to the Internet.
THE INTERNET AND DIGITAL MEDIA AGE
Watch the video on youtube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKA5hz3dV-g&t=15s
THE INTERNET AND DIGITAL MEDIA AGE.
World Wide Web, HTTP, HTML are being develop in this Era.
• HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language and this is the standard
language used to develop the contents of the page. This includes the
layout of the different components of web pages, including headings,
paragraphs, images, links and other media type.
• HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol that is used for the
transmission of Hypertext over the internet. It specifies how messages
look and are sent and received and how web servers and browsers
should behave in relation to specific commands
• The World Wide Web is a subset of the Internet consisting of websites
and webpages that are accessible via a web browser. It is also known
simply as "the Web."
What is Digital?
• Digital refers to information represented as ones
and zeros, or binary code. Modern electronic
devices store, process, and transmit data digitally.
• For example, computers, smartphones, HDTVs, and
AVRs are all digital devices since they process
digital data.
• While ones and zeros may seem rudimentary,
digital data can represent almost anything, from
text to images, to video, to generative AI chatbots.
EXAMPLE
INTERNET DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY
• SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORM • Smartphones
• (WWW) • Digital Cameras
• Streaming Services
• Email
• E-Readers
• Search Engines
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Cloud Computing
ADVANTAGES
OLD TECHNOLOGY NEW TECHNOLOGY
• Reliability •easier, faster and more effective
• Simplicity communication
•better, more efficient manufacturing
• Cost:
techniques
• Compatibility •less wastage
• Maintenance and Repair •more efficient stock management and
• Nostalgia and Aesthetics ordering systems
• Reduced Complexity •the ability to develop new, innovative
approaches
• Energy Efficiency
•more effective marketing and
• Security promotion
• Educational Value •new sales avenues
DISADVANTAGES
OLD TECHNOLOGY NEW TECHNOLOGY
• Increased Costs • increased dependency on technology
• System Downtime • often large costs involved with using the
latest technology (especially for small
• Decreased Productivity businesses)
• Cyber Security Vulnerabilities • increased risk of job cuts
• Lost Competitive Edge • closure of high street stores in favour of
online business
• Lack of Flexibility and Scalability
• security risk in relation to data and fraud
• required regular updates
• can go down or have faults, which can
stop all business operations instantly
