+ Enterprise Data Bus (EDB) acts as a central backbone for data

integration.
+ Data marts are built independently but use the EDB for integration
and data sharing. + Centralized repository of integrated, historical data.
+ Optimized for reporting and analysis.
+ Data marts, Enterprise Data Bus (EDB). + Subject-oriented, time-variant, non-volatile.

+ Easier and faster implementation compared to comprehensive data Kimball’s enterprise data bus + Data staging area, data integration layer, data storage, data
warehouses. architecture presentation layer.
+ Flexibility in data mart development and evolution.
+ Scalable and adaptable to changing business needs. Enterprise Data Warehouse + Provides a comprehensive view of the entire organization's data.
+ Enables complex analytics and reporting.
+ Potential for data inconsistency across data marts. + Improved data quality and consistency.
+ Limited centralized control over the entire data architecture.
+ Integration challenges if the EDB is not well-designed. + High cost of implementation and maintenance.
+ Requires significant time and effort for initial setup.
+ Rigidity in accommodating changes.

+ CIF stands for Corporate Information Factory.

+ Comprehensive, centralized data warehouse architecture.
+ Focuses on integrating data at the lowest level of granularity. * Subset of a data warehouse.
* Focused on a specific business function or department.
+ Data staging, integration layer, enterprise data warehouse (EDW), * Typically designed to be more flexible and agile.
data marts.
+ Similar to data warehouse components but on a smaller scale.
+ Comprehensive integration and a single version of the truth. Inmon’s CIF architecture
+ High data quality and consistency. + Faster implementation compared to a full data warehouse.
+ Support for complex analytics and reporting. + Easier to manage and maintain.
The Data Mart + Tailored to specific business needs.
+ High upfront development and implementation costs.
+ Potential for longer development cycles. Legend + May lack a comprehensive view of the entire organization's data.
+ Rigidity in accommodating changing business needs. + Potential for data inconsistency with other data marts.
Integration challenges if not well planned.
Characteristics

Components
+ Similar to the hub-and-spoke model but with a structured data
integration workflow. Advantages + Multiple standalone data marts, each for a specific business
+ Integration workflow manages the ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) function or department.
processes. Disadvantages + Decentralized approach.

+ ETL processes, data integration workflow, data warehouse (hub), + Similar to data mart components.
data marts (spokes).
+ Easier and faster to implement than a single, comprehensive data
+ Standardized and structured data integration processes. DI workflow – hub & spok Multiple Independent Data Marts: warehouse.
+ Improved data quality and consistency. + Tailored to specific business needs.
+ Easier to maintain and modify integration workflows. + More manageable and scalable.

+ Potential for longer development cycles during initial setup. Data Architecture + Potential for data inconsistency across different data marts.
+ Complexity in managing the integration workflow. + May result in redundancy and increased maintenance efforts.
+ Requires expertise in ETL processes. + Integration challenges when a unified view is needed.

+ Centralized data warehouse (hub) with integrated data from various + Stores current, detailed, and integrated data from various
sources (spokes). operational sources.
+ Spokes can be data marts or other specialized data repositories. + Acts as an intermediary between operational systems and the data
+ Hub serves as the primary source for reporting and analysis. warehouse.
+ Supports real-time or near real-time reporting.
+ Data staging, integration, data warehouse (hub), data marts
(spokes). + Data staging area, integration layer, storage, and presentation layer.

+ Centralized control and integration with decentralized reporting. Hub-And-Spoke + Supports near real-time reporting and analysis.
+ Improved data consistency and quality. + Reduces the load on operational systems for reporting purposes.
+ Scalable and adaptable to changing business needs. Operation Data Store (ODS) + Acts as a reliable source for current data.

+ Complexity in initial setup and ongoing maintenance. + Additional complexity in the data architecture.
+ Potential for longer development cycles. + Increased maintenance efforts and costs.
+ Hub can become a bottleneck if not properly designed. + Potential data quality and consistency challenges.

+ Independent BI solutions for different business functions or + Integration of multiple standalone data warehouses or data marts.
departments. + Provides a unified view of data across various data sources.
+ Each silo has its own data storage, processing, and reporting tools. + Allows for decentralized control and management.
+ Lacks centralized integration and standardization.
+ Metadata repository, integration layer, federated query engine.
+ BI tools, data storage specific to each silo, reporting interfaces.
Multiple built BI silos & multiple BI + Provides a unified view without physically moving or integrating
+ Tailored solutions for specific business needs. data.
+ Each silo can operate independently.
tool + Distributed control and maintenance.
Federated Data Warehouses Scalable and flexible.
+ Data inconsistency across different silos.
+ Lack of unified reporting and analysis. + Performance can be a challenge due to the need for real-time
+ Higher maintenance and integration costs. integration.
+ Complex to implement and manage.
+ Data security and access control can be difficult to maintain.