ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI

THE APPLICATION OF CLOUD

COMPUTING IN INDUSTRY

Supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Hoang Nam

Subject:
Class:
Student Group: Nguyen The Gia Huy 20222302
Nguyen Duc Huy 20222299
Luong Duc Huy 20210447
Le Van Hoanng 20210378

HA NOI, 12/2024
 CONTENT

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................4

1.1. Overview of Cloud Computing: ............................................................................4

1.1.1. Brief history and evolution. ............................................................................4
1.1.2. Definitions. .....................................................................................................4

1.2. Objective of the Project .........................................................................................5

CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW ............................ 7

2.1. Understanding Cloud Computing: ........................................................................7

2.1.1. Types of cloud services: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS. ....................................................7
2.1.2. Deployment models: Public, Private, Hybrid, Multi-cloud............................8

2.2. Industry 4.0 and Digital Transformation: ............................................................ 10

2.3. Previous Research: .............................................................................................. 11

2.3.1. Studies on cloud adoption in industries. .......................................................11
2.3.2. Case studies showcasing successful implementation. ..................................12

CHAPTER 3. APPLICATIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDUSTRY ....13

3.1. Smart Manufacturing: .........................................................................................13

3.1.1. IoT-based production monitoring and automation. ......................................13
3.1.2. Predictive maintenance using cloud data analysis. ......................................14

3.2. Big Data Analytics: ............................................................................................. 15

3.2.1. Processing and analyzing large-scale industrial data. ..................................15
3.2.2. Insights for decision-making and market trend forecasting. ........................16

3.3. Collaboration and Remote Operations: ............................................................... 17

3.3.1. Facilitating global teamwork through centralized platforms. ......................17
3.3.2. Supporting remote management and operation continuity. .......................... 19

3.4. Energy Management and Sustainability:............................................................. 20

3.4.1. Monitoring and optimizing energy use.........................................................20
3.4.2. Reducing carbon footprint through data-driven strategies. .......................... 21

CHAPTER 4. BENEFITS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDUSTRY,

CHALLENGES AND SOLUTION............................................................................24

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................29

5.1. Summary of Findings: .........................................................................................29

5.2. Implications for Industry: ....................................................................................29

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................30

APPENDIX: .................................................................................................................31
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Overview of Cloud Computing:

1.1.1. Brief history and evolution

The idea of cloud computing can be traced back to the 1960s when John
McCarthy, a computer scientist, suggested that “computation may someday be
organized as a public utility.” Salesforce, founded in 1999, pioneered SaaS with
its cloud-based CRM platform.

In 2000, the MIT Auto-ID Center proposed the framework of the Internet of
Things (IoT) [1]. The IoT European Research Council defined IoT as the connection of
devices, physical objects, and humans at any time, in any place, with anything on the
Internet [2], [3]. The IEEE IoT Initiative recently proposed that the standard of IoT
framework involves descriptions of various IoT domains [4]. IoT can be considered as
an infrastructure that connects devices and objects with networks and databases; it is
expected to revolutionize many industries [5].
The birth of the industrial revolution was due to the advancement of non-human
powered machines. Then came the concept of mass production of goods and services in
every sector. Later with the development of computer technology, computer-controlled
machines created improving efficiency even further [6]. Previously, networking could
only be used via a local area network, but cloud computing allows resources to be
controlled or monitored via the Internet.

1.1.2. Definitions

Cloud computing branched into three main service models. They are namely
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service
(SaaS) [6]:
- IaaS: It is the base level of cloud computing generally used by system admins.
Raw computing power is provided by the IaaS services. Examples are
Rackspace.com, Amazon EC2, GoGrid.
- PaaS: It is layer above IaaS generally used by developers. It is a platform which
provides services such as operating systems, programming language execution
environment, database, web server, etc. Examples are Google App Engine,
Windows Azure, Heroku, force.com.
- SaaS: It is the top layer of cloud computing generally used by end customers.
The name might seem misleading, but the installation of software is not always
necessary. It can be accessed through a web browser directly. Examples are
Google Drive, Microsoft Office 365, and salesforce.com.
 Figure 0-1: The current cloud computing ecosystem

This IoT concept is classified as follows: perceptron layer, network layer, and
application layer. Cloud computing is performed on the application layer of IoT,
providing virtualized computing resources over the internet. Most companies, such as
Cisco, Microsoft, and Amazon, provide cloud services to different industries, such as
education, manufacturing, and logistics [7].

TABLE 1. The main cloud computing software from different report.

Table 1 shows the main cloud computing providers mentioned by different consulting
institutions. Microsoft, IBM, Amazon, Oracle, Alibaba, and SAS are common cloud ser
vice providers; they offer numerous cloud computing applications (e.g., Microsoft
Azure, IBM, Google, and Oracle Compute Cloud Service) that can be employed in
various scenarios according to the different requirements of different industries [7].
1.2. Objective of the Project
The project aims to explore the diverse applications and benefits of cloud computing
within Smart Manufacturing, Smart Manufacturing, Collaboration and Remote
Operations, Energy Management and Sustainability.
It delves into the challenges industries face, such as data security concerns,
integration with existing systems, and cost management, while also identifying effective
solutions to address these issues. By highlighting the strategic value of cloud computing
and offering actionable insights, the research seeks to provide a comprehensive
understanding of how industries can leverage this technology to achieve competitive
advantages and operational excellence.
 CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Understanding Cloud Computing:

Companies offering such kinds of cloud computing services are called cloud providers
and typically charge for cloud computing services based on usage. Grids and clusters
are the foundations for cloud computing.

2.1.1. Types of cloud services: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.

Most cloud computing services fall into three broad categories:

Software as a service (SaaS)
Platform as a service (PaaS)
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

a) Software as a Service(SaaS)
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software
in which the applications are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these
applications with the help of internet connection and web browser.
Characteristics of SaaS:
- Managed from a central location
- Hosted on a remote server
- Accessible over the internet
- Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are
applied automatically.
- The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis
Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco
WebEx, ZenDesk, Slack, and GoToMeeting.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a category of cloud computing that provides a
platform and environment to allow developers to build applications and services over
the internet. PaaS services are hosted in the cloud and accessed by users simply via their
web browser.
Characteristics of PaaS:
- Accessible to various users via the same development application.
- Integrates with web services and databases.
- Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or
down as per the organization's need.
- Support multiple languages and frameworks.
- Provides an ability to "Auto-scale".
Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google
App Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.
 Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is a service model that delivers computer
infrastructure on an outsourced basis to support various operations. It is also known
as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). IaaS customers pay on a per-user basis, typically by
the hour, week, or month. Some providers also charge customers based on the amount
of virtual machine space they use.
Characteristics of IaaS:
- Resources are available as a service
- Services are highly scalable
- Dynamic and flexible
- GUI and API-based access
- Automated administrative tasks
Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft
Azure, Google Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.

2.1.2. Deployment models: Public, Private, Hybrid, Multi-cloud.

The 4 types of cloud computing are private clouds, public clouds, hybrid clouds,
and multiclouds
a) The Public cloud
The public cloud makes it possible for anybody to access systems and services. The
public cloud is one in which cloud infrastructure services are provided over the internet
to the general people or major industry groups. The infrastructure in this cloud model is
owned by the entity that delivers the cloud services, not by the consumer. It is a type of
cloud hosting that allows customers and users to easily access systems and services.
Advantages of the Public Cloud Model:
- Minimal Investment: Because it is a pay-per-use service, there is no
substantial upfront fee, making it excellent for enterprises that require
immediate access to resources.
- No setup cost: The entire infrastructure is fully subsidized by the cloud
service providers, thus there is no need to set up any hardware.
- Infrastructure Management is not required: Using the public cloud does
not necessitate infrastructure management.
- No maintenance: The maintenance work is done by the service provider (not
users).
- Dynamic Scalability: To fulfill your company’s needs, on-demand resources
are accessible.
Disadvantages of the Public Cloud Model
- Less secure: Public cloud is less secure as resources are public so there is no
guarantee of high-level security.
- Low customization: It is accessed by many public so it can’t be customized
according to personal requirements.
 b) Private cloud
It’s a one-on-one environment for a single user (customer). The cloud platform is
implemented in a cloud-based secure environment that is protected by powerful
firewalls and under the supervision of an organization’s IT department
Advantages of the Private Cloud Model
- Better Control: You are the sole owner of the property. You gain complete
command over service integration, IT operations, policies, and user behavior.
- Data Security and Privacy: It’s suitable for storing corporate information to
which only authorized staff have access. By segmenting resources within the
same infrastructure, improved access and security can be achieved.
- Supports Legacy Systems: This approach is designed to work with legacy
systems that are unable to access the public cloud.
- Customization: Unlike a public cloud deployment, a private cloud allows a
company to tailor its solution to meet its specific needs.
- Disadvantages of the Private Cloud Model
- Less scalable: Private clouds are scaled within a certain range as there is less
number of clients.
- Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they provide personalized facilities.

c) Hybrid cloud
A hybrid cloud is a seemingly single IT environment created from multiple
environments connected through local area networks (LANs), wide area networks
(WANs), virtual private networks (VPNs), and/or APIs.
Advantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model
- Flexibility and control: Businesses with more flexibility can design
personalized solutions that meet their particular needs.
- Cost: Because public clouds provide scalability, you’ll only be responsible
for paying for the extra capacity if you require it.
- Security: Because data is properly separated, the chances of data theft by
attackers are considerably reduced.
Disadvantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model
- Difficult to manage: Hybrid clouds are difficult to manage as it is a
combination of both public and private cloud. So, it is complex.
- Slow data transmission: Data transmission in the hybrid cloud takes place
through the public cloud so latency occurs.

d) Multi-cloud
Multiclouds are a cloud approach made up of more than 1 cloud service, from more than
1 cloud vendor—public or private. All hybrid clouds are multiclouds, but not all
multiclouds are hybrid clouds
Advantages of the Multi-Cloud Model
You can mix and match the best features of each cloud provider’s services to suit
the demands of your apps, workloads, and business by choosing different cloud
providers.
- Reduced Latency: To reduce latency and improve user experience, you can
choose cloud regions and zones that are close to your clients.
- High availability of service: It’s quite rare that two distinct clouds would
have an incident at the same moment. So, the multi-cloud deployment
improves the high availability of your services.
Disadvantages of the Multi-Cloud Model
- Complex: The combination of many clouds makes the system complex and
bottlenecks may occur.
- Security issue: Due to the complex structure, there may be loopholes to
which a hacker can take advantage hence, makes the data insecure.

2.2. Industry 4.0 and Digital Transformation:

2.2.1. Key technologies driving Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 is supported by 9 technologies which bridges the digital and physical world
together and develops the autonomous and smart industries. Modern industries,
businesses and supply chains are already using some of these technologies but when all
these 9 are used togethers enables industry 4.0 to work at its max potential as shown in
figure
 Figure: Key Technology of Industry 4.0
The Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cloud computing
are three technologies that are converging to disrupt nearly every industry [3].
We are currently in the midst of the rise of the first wave of this technological
convergence. The hurdles include interoperability and a common standard. It’s currently
a wide-open field with companies scrambling to lead in setting the IoT standard.
2.2.2. The intersection ò cloud computing with these technologies
The intersection of cloud computing with key Industry 4.0 technologies creates a robust
foundation for smart, interconnected systems. Cloud computing provides the scalable
infrastructure needed to store, process, and analyze the massive data generated by IoT
devices, enabling real-time monitoring and decision-making. By integrating with Big
Data analytics, the cloud allows businesses to process large datasets, uncover patterns,
and optimize operations. Furthermore, AI leverages the computational power of cloud
platforms to train machine learning models and execute intelligent algorithms at scale,
enhancing automation and predictive capabilities. For Additive Manufacturing, cloud-
based systems facilitate the sharing of 3D designs, streamlining collaboration and
customization in production processes. Additionally, cloud computing supports
cybersecurity by centralizing data protection and implementing advanced threat
detection systems. Together, these intersections enable seamless communication,
improved efficiency, and innovation across Industry 4.0 landscapes.
2.3. Previous Research:
2.3.1. Studies on cloud adoption in industries.

Studies on cloud adoption in industries highlight the transformative impact of cloud

computing on enterprise IT infrastructures and business models. The shift from legacy
systems to cloud-based solutions enables industries to achieve cost efficiency,
scalability, and operational flexibility. Research reveals that cloud adoption varies
across sectors, with industries like electronics, retail, healthcare, and manufacturing
leveraging tailored solutions to address unique challenges. Despite these advancements,
studies underscore challenges such as ensuring data security, compliance with industry
standards, and achieving multi-tenant capability. The concept of Industry Cloud
emerges as a specialized approach, addressing industry-specific requirements by
providing production-level services, fostering innovation, and enhancing customer
experiences.

2.3.2. Case studies showcasing successful implementation.

Azambuja et al. tackled the problem of accumulating large inventories resulting in

material wastage on site by employing cloud-based technology to integrate suppliers
and actual site demand.

This is a case study in the construction industry, where a mechanical contractor

implemented the Google Fusion Tables (GFT) cloud platform to enhance their supply
chain and pipe spool installation process using lean supply principles. The goal was to
synchronize information among stakeholders, including CAD operators, fabricators, and
field installers. Previously, the lack of timely information led to material shortages or
excess inventory at construction sites, causing waste and delays. GFT was utilized to
collect and display real-time data on production, shipping, and installation progress,
allowing stakeholders to adjust their plans flexibly. During a two-week experiment, the
system enabled field workers to request materials based on actual needs, reducing
storage time and improving installation efficiency. The results showed that 71% of
materials were delivered earlier than scheduled, 24% on time, and only 5% late. This
case study demonstrates how cloud technology can significantly benefit small and
medium-sized companies by reducing costs, improving productivity, and supporting
lean supply implementation in construction.
 CHAPTER 3. APPLICATIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDUSTRY
3.1. Smart Manufacturing:
3.1.1. IoT-based production monitoring and automation.

Cloud computing serves as a centralized system that facilitates the transfer and delivery
of data and files to data centers via the Internet. Through this system, a wide range of
data and applications become easily accessible.

The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses devices that are connected to the
Internet. In IoT, data is stored both in real-time and historically. This technology not
only analyzes data but also enables devices to make informed decisions and monitor the
performance of specific actions.

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) further elevates manufacturing through

smart factories by integrating sensors and advanced gateway connectivity. It automates
entire plant processes using data-driven approaches, allowing managers easy access to
extensive datasets for effective decision-making. Additionally, IIoT addresses
traditional industry challenges, such as technical errors, incomplete reports, unplanned
machine downtimes, water leakages, excessive energy consumption, and inefficient
resource utilization.

IoT leverages the capabilities of cloud computing to collect and distribute

relevant data among connected devices, enhancing business productivity. This
collaboration also enables strategic improvements in weak operational areas, keeping
managers vigilant and minimizing errors. The synergy between IoT and cloud
computing has emerged as one of the most effective technological duos for modern
industries.

The simplicity of setting up and managing smart devices through cloud

computing has made it a preferred choice. Today, connecting devices and transmitting
data to the cloud is easily achievable using a few apps. This integration of IoT and cloud
computing has become a trend among industries, facilitating the installation of advanced
systems while enhancing brand presence. IoT ensures accurate data extraction, and
cloud computing provides a secure platform to store this data, offering quick and
convenient access.

CITE(How IoT technology and cloud computing meet the industrial challenges
together, Sanjeev Verma,February 10, 2022)
Below are some images at the Exploitation Center 5 - Viettel Post Corporation.

Images of parcel delivery robots (left) and a parcel sorting system (right), showcasing the integration
of IoT, machinery, and AI at Exploitation Center 5 - Viettel Post Corporation.

3.1.2. Predictive maintenance using cloud data analysis.

In addition to IoT, artificial intelligence (AI) is also becoming a trend in conjunction

with cloud computing, utilizing the storage and access capabilities of the cloud to
analyze data and forecast trends, particularly in industrial applications.

One of the most significant advantages of integrating AI with cloud computing

is the ability to process vast amounts of data rapidly and accurately. This capability
empowers businesses to make well-informed decisions based on real-time insights and
comprehensive analysis. Moreover, AI algorithms excel at identifying patterns and
trends in data that might be overlooked by human analysts.

Another major benefit is automation. By utilizing AI-powered automation in

cloud environments, businesses can streamline routine tasks and processes, freeing up
valuable resources to focus on strategic objectives. Automation also minimizes errors,
enhances consistency, and contributes to overall operational efficiency.

Cloud computing offers on-demand access to a shared pool of computing

resources—such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services—via the
Internet. This model allows organizations to rapidly deploy, scale, and manage their IT
infrastructure without the need for significant investments in on-premises hardware and
software. AI, on the other hand, enables machines to learn, reason, and make decisions
similar to humans. Techniques like machine learning (ML), deep learning, natural
language processing (NLP), and computer vision allow AI to interact intelligently with
its environment.

AI can be applied to various cloud computing services and applications, such as:
 - Data Analytics and Business Intelligence: AI can help organizations to analyse
large volumes of data, identify patterns, and make predictions to improve their
decision-making processes.
- Natural Language Processing and Chatbots: AI can enable chatbots and virtual
assistants to understand and respond to human language and queries, improving
customer service and support.
- Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS): Cloud providers offer MLaaS platforms
that enable organizations to develop, train, and deploy machine learning models
without having to manage the underlying infrastructure.
- Autonomous Cloud Operations: AI can enable cloud providers to automate
various tasks, such as provisioning, monitoring, and scaling, to improve the
reliability, availability, and performance of their services

This synergy between AI and cloud computing is revolutionizing industries, helping

organizations innovate, optimize processes, and deliver superior results.

Cite(Using Artificial Intelligence with Cloud Computing: Methodologies and

Implementation,Gibran Khan Tareen,Computer Science & Engineering, Lovely
Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

3.2. Big Data Analytics:

3.2.1. Processing and analyzing large-scale industrial data.

Cloud Computing refers to the delivery of computing services such as servers, storage,
databases, networking, software, and analytics over the internet ("the cloud"). The
primary goal of cloud computing is to provide flexible resources, drive faster innovation,
and achieve economies of scale. This model has significantly transformed how
computing infrastructure is abstracted and utilized, expanding to include any service that
can be delivered as "x as a service." The benefits of cloud computing, including
elasticity, the pay-as-you-go or pay-per-use model, and low upfront investments, have
made it an attractive and viable solution for big data storage, management, and analytics.

Given the growing importance of big data across various industries, service
providers like Amazon, Google, and Microsoft have created cost-efficient big data
systems that cater to businesses of all sizes. This has led to the prominence of the term
"Analytics as a Service" (AaaS), providing a faster and more efficient way to integrate,
transform, and visualize different types of data.

The process of analyzing big data for analytics differs from traditional
transactional data processing. In traditional environments, data is first explored,
followed by the design of a model and database structure. In big data analysis, however,
the process begins by gathering data from multiple sources, including files, systems,
sensors, and the web. This data is then stored in a "landing zone," which is a medium
capable of handling large volumes, varieties, and velocities of data, typically using a
distributed file system.

Once the data is stored, it undergoes various transformations to ensure its

efficiency and scalability. It is then integrated into specific analytical tasks, operational
reports, databases, or raw data extracts. The traditional ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)
process involves extracting data from a source, applying necessary transformations, and
loading it into a data warehouse for querying and reporting. However, this approach has
limitations, including high I/O activity, extensive string processing, variable
transformations, and significant data parsing.

In contrast, ELT (Extract, Load, Transform) shifts the compute-intensive

transformation process to the cloud rather than performing it on-premise, where
transaction handling may already be under strain. This eliminates the need for data
staging, as data warehousing solutions can accommodate various types of data,
including structured, semi-structured, unstructured, and raw data. The "data lakes"
concept, which contrasts with OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) data warehouses,
is central to this approach. Unlike OLAP, data lakes do not require data transformation
before loading.

ELT offers several advantages over the traditional ETL model, such as allowing
data in any format to be ingested as soon as it becomes available. Moreover, only the
data needed for specific analysis is transformed. In the ETL model, modifications to the
data pipeline and OLAP structure may be required when new types of analysis are
introduced.

Applications of Big Data Analytics in Cloud Computing:

- Data Accumulation: Big data analytics enables the collection of data from a
variety of sources, including the internet, online shopping sites, social media,
databases, and third-party external sources.
- Identification of Key Insights: By analyzing large datasets, it becomes
possible to uncover hidden patterns that can significantly influence business
decisions and strategies.
- Real-Time Issue Identification: Big data analytics provides real-time
insights into issues related to systems and business processes, allowing for
timely intervention and corrective actions.
- Enhanced Service/Product Delivery: Big data helps organizations refine
their service and product offerings to meet or exceed client expectations,
ensuring greater customer satisfaction.

Cite: Berisha, B., Mëziu, E. & Shabani, I. Big data analytics in Cloud computing:
an overview. J Cloud Comp 11, 24 (2022).

3.2.2. Insights for decision-making and market trend forecasting.

Big Data analysis using cloud computing technology plays a crucial role in providing
information to support decision-making and market trend forecasting. By collecting and
analyzing data from various sources such as the internet, online shopping sites, social
media, and external databases, with many resources stored and processed on the cloud,
businesses can gain a better understanding of their target market, identify potential
opportunities and risks, and develop effective strategies.
 Trend analysis helps businesses identify hidden patterns within large datasets,
allowing them to predict future fluctuations and make data-driven decisions. This
process involves analyzing historical data to uncover emerging topics, forecast future
developments, and gather actionable insights

By applying big data analytics and trend forecasting, businesses can improve
operational efficiency, develop new products/services, and optimize service delivery to
meet or exceed customer expectations. This not only helps businesses maintain
competitiveness but also fosters innovation and sustainable growth.

cite(Using Trend Analysis to Uncover and Predict Future Trends,Quid Marketing

Sep 16, 2024 ) cái này ko có báo cite web

A few practical applications have emerged recently :

- Real-Time Customer Interaction: It enables businesses to respond to

customer requests, queries, and grievances in real-time, improving customer
support and engagement
- Efficiency Improvements: Big data tools improve operational efficiency by
collecting and analyzing large amounts of customer data through interactions
and feedback. This data can reveal meaningful patterns, such as customer
preferences and buying behaviors, enabling businesses to create personalized
products and services tailored to specific needs.
- Innovation: Insights derived from big data can help tweak business
strategies, optimize service delivery, and develop new products and services.
These innovations can lead to better productivity, increased competitiveness,
and a stronger market presence.

3.3. Collaboration and Remote Operations:

Cloud-based project management has emerged as a powerful solution for effective

collaboration and progress tracking in modern organizations. With distributed teams and
remote work becoming the norm, cloud computing provides a flexible and accessible
platform to manage projects efficiently. In today’s dynamic business environment,
effective project management is essential for organizations to achieve their goals and
deliver successful outcomes. As the number of distributed and remote teams rises,
traditional project management methods face new challenges in ensuring seamless
collaboration and progress tracking. Cloud-based project management has emerged as a
transformative solution, harnessing the power of cloud computing to facilitate efficient
team collaboration, streamline communication, and enable real-time project tracking.

3.3.1. Facilitating global teamwork through centralized platforms.

Cloud computing has significantly transformed real-time collaboration, providing a

flexible and scalable platform that transcends geographical boundaries. Supported by
cloud technology, real-time collaboration allows team members worldwide to engage in
simultaneous interactions. The key lies in the accessibility and adaptability of cloud-
based solutions, which enable seamless communication, file sharing, and concurrent
document editing. Scalability is a standout feature of cloud computing in real-time
collaboration. Cloud platforms offer the flexibility to adjust resources to meet dynamic
collaboration needs, ensuring efficient workload processing and accommodating
fluctuations in user demand without compromising performance.

Furthermore, the accessibility and user-friendly nature of cloud-based

collaboration tools play a crucial role in driving effective teamwork. These platforms
provide a unified virtual workspace that can be accessed from multiple devices and
locations, empowering team members to collaborate in real-time, regardless of their
physical location. This accessibility boosts team productivity by facilitating quick
communication, agile decision-making, and efficient task management.

Additionally, the integration of real-time communication features in cloud

platforms enhances collaboration efficiency. Instant messaging, video conferencing, and
live document editing within shared workspaces enable seamless and immediate
interactions among team members. This real-time interaction fosters a sense of unity,
promoting effective teamwork and idea sharing. The inherent flexibility of cloud-based
collaboration platforms also allows for the integration of third-party applications and
services, enhancing functionality by incorporating specialized tools tailored to the
specific needs of the team. The integration of various applications within the cloud
environment streamlines workflows, optimizes task management, and enhances the
overall collaboration experience for remote teams.

Addressing security concerns is crucial in real-time collaboration, and cloud

computing addresses this with robust security measures. Cloud-based collaboration
platforms implement encryption, authentication protocols, and access control to protect
sensitive data shared among team members, ensuring data security and integrity,
building trust among users, and minimizing potential cybersecurity threats.

The drawbacks of cloud computing in real-time collaboration heavily rely on

internet connectivity; interruptions or poor connections can disrupt workflow and
seamless communication. Storing data on remote servers raises concerns about data
security and privacy, potentially exposing sensitive information to breaches or
unauthorized access. Dependence on third-party cloud service providers means teams
rely on the provider's reliability, uptime, and adherence to security protocols. The
integration of multiple third-party tools or legacy systems in the cloud environment can
lead to compatibility issues, hindering smooth collaboration. Cloud services may
experience downtime due to maintenance or technical issues, impacting access to
collaborative tools and data, thus affecting productivity.

Looking to the future, the exploration of cloud-based real-time platforms opens

up promising avenues for advancements in remote collaboration. Moving forward, the
integration of AI-driven advanced functionalities holds tremendous potential. Machine
learning algorithms could enrich these platforms by providing deep insights into
collaboration patterns, streamlining workflows, and automating repetitive tasks.
Additionally, the evolution of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) within
these platforms has the potential to revolutionize remote team interactions. Envisioning
a future where AR/VR technology enables immersive collaboration experiences,
allowing team members to collaborate as if they were physically present, presents an
exciting frontier. Furthermore, enhancing cybersecurity measures remains critical due
to the increasing threat of cyberattacks. Strengthening encryption techniques,
implementing robust authentication methods, and proactive threat monitoring will be
essential to safeguarding data within these platforms. The adoption of these advanced
technologies and the reinforcement of security protocols will shape a future where
cloud-based real-time platforms redefine remote collaboration, fostering a more
connected and efficient global workforce.

cite
Revolutionizing Remote Collaboration: A Comprehensive Review of Cloud-Based
Real-Time Platforms to Secure Teams Ajay Pal Singh1,†, Parvez Rahi2,∗,†, Inderjeet
Singh3,† and Vikash Yadav4†

3.3.2. Supporting remote management and operation continuity.

In today’s dynamic business environment, effective project management is essential for

organizations to achieve their goals and deliver successful outcomes. With the rise of
distributed teams and remote work, traditional project management methods face new
challenges in ensuring seamless collaboration and progress tracking. Cloud-based
project management has emerged as a transformative solution, leveraging the power of
cloud computing to enable efficient team collaboration, streamline communication, and
provide real-time project tracking. Cloud computing plays a vital role in helping
businesses maintain remote management and ensure continuous operations.

By utilizing cloud-based solutions, organizations can access their data,

applications, and systems from anywhere with an internet connection, making remote
work more efficient and minimizing disruptions in operations. One of the notable
advantages of cloud computing is its ability to centralize data storage and processing,
enabling remote teams to collaborate easily. Employees can work on shared documents
in real-time, assign tasks, track progress, and maintain communication channels,
facilitating effective teamwork, enhancing productivity, and ensuring uninterrupted
operations, even in distributed work environments.

Cloud platforms also provide scalable infrastructure and on-demand resources,

allowing businesses to quickly adjust to changing workloads. For instance, during times
of sudden demand or unexpected incidents at physical locations, cloud systems ensure
that essential services continue to operate without the need for manual intervention or
additional hardware investment.

Moreover, cloud-based tools such as remote monitoring and IoT integration help
businesses track operations and devices in real time, regardless of location. Managers
can monitor production lines, oversee supply chains, or receive automated alerts about
potential issues, all through cloud-connected systems. Real-time monitoring enhances
transparency and enables informed decision-making.
 In conclusion, cloud computing empowers businesses to manage remote
operations efficiently and sustainably, providing a reliable platform for maintaining
continuous operations.

cite Progress, Assad & Abbas, & Md Rasel, Furqan. (2018). Cloud-Based Project
Management: Collaborating and Tracking.

3.4. Energy Management and Sustainability:

3.4.1. Monitoring and optimizing energy use.

Cloud computing plays a crucial role in monitoring and optimizing energy usage,
especially in industrial and commercial environments. By utilizing cloud-based
platforms and tools, organizations can collect, analyze, and act on energy data to
improve efficiency and promote sustainability.

Real-Time Monitoring: Cloud computing enables real-time energy

consumption monitoring by integrating sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
These sensors collect data from various sources, such as machinery, lighting systems,
and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) units, which is then sent to a
centralized cloud platform. This real-time data helps organizations track energy usage
patterns, identify inefficiencies, and pinpoint areas of energy wastage.

Data Analysis for Optimization: Advanced analytics, powered by cloud

computing, enables organizations to make data-driven decisions to optimize energy
usage. Cloud-based systems analyze both historical and real-time data to detect trends,
predict future energy demands, and provide actionable recommendations. For example,
predictive algorithms can suggest optimal times to run energy-intensive equipment to
reduce costs during peak hours.

Automated Control Systems: Cloud platforms are often integrated with

automated control systems, enabling remote management and optimization of energy-
consuming assets. These systems can adjust energy usage dynamically based on
operational needs and predefined parameters. For instance, smart grid technology can
more efficiently balance supply and demand, reducing overall energy waste.

Sustainability and Reporting: Cloud-based solutions also support sustainability

initiatives by providing detailed reports and dashboards on energy performance.
Organizations can set benchmarks, track progress toward energy efficiency goals, and
ensure compliance with environmental regulations. These insights not only improve
operational efficiency but also enhance the company’s reputation as a sustainable and
environmentally responsible entity.

Scalability and Flexibility: One of the key advantages of using cloud computing
to optimize energy usage is scalability. As organizations grow, energy monitoring and
optimization systems can scale accordingly without requiring significant investment in
hardware. Cloud platforms also offer flexibility, enabling integration with emerging
technologies and evolving standards.
 In conclusion, cloud computing provides the tools and infrastructure necessary
for organizations to effectively monitor and optimize their energy usage. This not only
reduces operational costs but also supports broader sustainability goals and
environmental protection.

3.4.2. Reducing carbon footprint through data-driven strategies.

The exponential growth of cloud computing has revolutionized how businesses and
individuals store, process, and access data. However, this surge in cloud services has
also led to a significant increase in energy consumption, particularly in data centers that
power cloud infrastructure. Data centers now account for nearly 1% of global electricity
usage, a figure projected to rise as the demand for cloud services continues to grow. This
has raised concerns about the environmental impact of cloud computing, especially
regarding carbon emissions and energy efficiency.

To address these concerns, the concept of "Green Cloud Computing" has

emerged, focusing on reducing energy consumption in data centers through various
technological and operational improvements. Green Cloud Computing aims not only to
reduce the environmental footprint of data centers but also to accelerate business
operations by optimizing resource usage and lowering operational costs. Below are
some applications of cloud computing in energy computation and conservation:

(Đồ thị mức tiêu thụ năng lượng theo thời gian)

lấy từ (Khorne, Aditya. (2024). Green Cloud Computing: Energy-Efficient

Approaches for Sustainable Data Centers. 10.13140/RG.2.2.36783.14248.)
Software Optimization:
Software plays a crucial role in optimizing energy usage within the cloud computing
environment. Techniques such as virtualization, workload consolidation, and dynamic
resource allocation are key to enhancing energy efficiency.

• Virtualization and Workload Consolidation: Virtualization allows multiple

virtual machines (VMs) to run on a single physical server, leading to better
resource utilization and reduced energy consumption. By consolidating
workloads onto fewer servers, data centers can power down idle servers, further
saving energy. Workload consolidation, which involves intelligently grouping
similar workloads to optimize resource usage, along with dynamic resource
allocation based on current demand, further enhances the benefits of
virtualization.
• Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS): DVFS is a technique that
adjusts the voltage and frequency of processors based on computational load.
During periods of low demand, processors operate at lower frequencies, thereby
reducing power consumption. DVFS has been widely implemented in modern
data centers, contributing to substantial energy savings.

Effective data management is crucial for minimizing energy usage in cloud computing.
Techniques such as data deduplication, efficient data storage, and optimized data
transmission are key to achieving energy efficiency.

• Data Deduplication: This process involves removing redundant data copies,

reducing the storage space required. By storing only unique instances of data,
data centers can significantly decrease the energy needed for data storage and
retrieval. cite riêng Studies have found that data deduplication can reduce storage
requirements by up to 90%, leading to substantial energy savings in large-scale
cloud environments.

cite riêng Xu, Y., Li, G., & He, X. (2016). Improving Energy Efficiency for Data
Storage in Cloud Computing. IEEE Access, 4, 9057-9066.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2642946

• Content Delivery Networks (CDN): CDNs are designed to optimize data

transmission by distributing content across geographically dispersed servers. By
bringing data closer to the end user, CDNs reduce the energy consumption
associated with data transmission. This is particularly important for high-traffic
applications, where efficient data distribution can result in significant energy
savings.
cite chung Khorne, Aditya. (2024). Green Cloud Computing: Energy-Efficient
Approaches for Sustainable Data Centers. 10.13140/RG.2.2.36783.14248.
 CHAPTER 4. BENEFITS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDUSTRY,
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTION

4.1. Benefits of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing enables businesses to rapidly scale and adapt, accelerating innovation,
increasing company agility, streamlining operations, and cutting costs. This will not
only assist businesses in surviving the current crisis, but it may also contribute to en
hanced long-term growth.

(2018) The Evolution of Cloud Computing – Where’s It Going Next? [Internet].

The Cloud Report | News, Articles, Interviews, and Tests. https://the-
report.cloud/the-evolution-of-cloud-computing-wheres-it-going-next

Aside from increased flexibility and analytical capabilities, cloud com puting
benefits include the following:
- Reduces overhead costs by avoiding capital investments in purchasing, in
stalling, administering, and maintaining hardware/software infrastructure.
- Simple scale-up increasing or decreasing storage space, computing power,
and bandwidth is as simple as pressing a button.
- Security for the entire system at once is easier to monitor, regulate, and apply
security fixes, establish backups, and perform disaster recovery, among other
things.
- Simple technology integration using common and futuristic platforms as the
foundation, it is feasible to customize and use modular software.

Cloud computing enables businesses to grow rapidly scale and adapt, accele
rating innovation, increasing company agility, streamlining operations, and cut ting
costs. This will not only assist businesses in surviving the current crisis, but it may also
contribute to enhanced long-term growth. Following are some pre dictions regarding
how cloud computing will affect the future:

Advanced storage capability: Data generation is at an all-time high and is only

increasing and keeping such a large volume of data safe is difficult. Most firms still store
company and customer data in physical data centers were cloud server suppliers. As
more enterprises adopt cloud technology, they will be able to offer more cloud-based
data centers at reduced pricing. Prices will be competi tive because there are so many
cloud service providers on the market today, which will benefit enterprises. This
breakthrough will enable smooth data sto rage without the need for a lot of physical
space.

Advanced internet performance: Cloud computing has the potential to im

prove the quality and experience of using the internet (internet of things). Data can be
saved in the cloud using cloud computing and IoT for later reference, in-depth analysis,
and increased performance. Customers and organizations want applications and services
to load promptly and with high quality. As a re sult, the network’s download and upload
rates will be faster.

Modular software prioritization: As individual programs get more sophisti

cated and massive and cloud computing technology will eventually necessitate advanced
system thinking. Currently, most system software requires substantial customization,
which means that even commercial cloud computing solutions require extensive
customization in terms of usefulness and security.

Roshna, R.F. (2022) How Cloud Computing Has Changed the Future of Internet
Technology [Internet]. VentureBeat. How cloud computing has changed the future of
internet technology | VentureBeat

Advanced cloud services: Cloud computing offers a wide range of services. The
most popular are platform-as-a-service (PaaS), software-as-a-service (SaaS), and
infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS). These services are crucial to achieving company
goals. Many studies and assessments have shown that cloud computing will become a
dominant technology soon, with SaaS solutions accounting for more than 60% of the
workload.

Better Security: Data stored on cloud servers is currently secure, but not
completely so. Smaller cloud service providers may be unable to provide or com
prehend all the precautions required for adequate data security. Future cloud services
will use better cybersecurity safeguards and enforce better safety prac tices to prevent
cyberattacks. As a result, companies will be able to concentrate on more important tasks
rather than worrying about data security or alternative data storage methods.

Cloud technology and safer collaboration: Collaboration is essential in many

firms, and cloud computing can enable team members anywhere in the world with fast,
simple, and dependable collaboration. Any member of the team can review, change, or
receive feedback on the files in the cloud at any moment.

EMRSystems Blog (2022) Benefits of Cloud-Based Technology in Healthcare

[In ternet]. EMRSystems Blog | EMRSystems The Complete Catalog for EMR/EHR
Software. https://www.emrsystems.net/blog/benefits-of-cloud-based-technology-in-
healthcare/

4.2. Challenges and Solutions

Despite all the development and potential of cloud computing services, busi nesses face
a variety of cloud computing challenges that must be addressed to fully utilize the
cloud’s capabilities:

Security: The primary worry in investing in cloud services is cloud computing

security. It is because your data is stored and processed by a third-party provider without
your knowledge. Every day or so, you receive information about a cer tain
organization’s broken authentication, compromised credentials, account hacking, data
breaches, and so on which makes the user even more skeptical. Fortunately, cloud
companies have begun to make efforts to increase security capabilities. You can also be
cautious by checking to see if the provider has a se cure user identity management
system and access control procedures in place. Also, make certain that it follows
database security and privacy protocols.

Password security: As more individuals use one cloud account, it becomes more
vulnerable. Anyone who knows one user’s password or hacks into the cloud will have
access to that user’s sensitive data. In this case, the firm should employ multiple levels
of authentication and guarantee that credentials are kept secure. Passwords should also
be changed on a regular basis, especially when an indi vidual resigns and leaves the
firm. Access to usernames and passwords should be granted with caution.

Cost management: Cloud computing allows users to access application soft

ware via a fast internet connection while saving you money on expensive comput er
gear, software, management, and upkeep. This lowers the cost. However, cus tomizing
the organization’s demands on the third-party platform is difficult and costly. Another
expense is the cost of transferring data to a public cloud, which is extremely pricey for
a small firm or project.

Internet connectivity: A high-speed internet connection is required for cloud

services. So, businesses who are relatively tiny and are experiencing connectivity
troubles should ideally first invest in a decent internet connection to avoid downtime.
Because internet outages might result in significant economic losses.

Lack of expertise: Management has gotten harder due to the increasing

workload on cloud technologies and the constant improvement of cloud solu tions. A
trained workforce capable of dealing with cloud computing tools and services has been
in high demand. As a result, businesses must train their IT workers to mitigate this risk.

Control of governance: Another ethical concern in cloud computing is main

taining proper asset management and maintenance control. A dedicated team should be
established to verify that the assets used to deliver cloud services are used in accordance
with agreed-upon policies and procedures. The assets should be properly maintained and
leveraged to help your organization achieve its goals.

Creating a private cloud: It is desirable to implement an internal cloud. This is

since all data is kept secure in-house. The challenge here is that the IT staff must build
and repair everything from scratch. In addition, the team must verify that the cloud runs
smoothly. They must automate as many manual operations Int. J. Communications,
Network and System Sciences as possible. Tasks should be completed in the correct
order. So far, it appears to be tough to set up a private cloud on your own. However,
many organizations want to do so in the future.
 Performance: When client migrate their business apps to the cloud or a third-
party vendor, the business performance becomes dependent on the sup plier. Another
significant issue in cloud computing is finding the correct cloud service provider. Prior
to investing, we should hunt for providers with cutting-edge technologies. The
performance of the BIs and other cloud-based sys tems is also tied to the systems of the
supplier. Be cautious when selecting a ser vice and ensure that they have mechanisms
in place to deal with difficulties that develop in real time.

Jigsaw/UNext (2022) Transforming Ourselves to Transform the Future!

[Internet]. https://www.jigsawacademy.com/blogs/cloud-computing/challenges-of-
cloud-comp uting/

Interoperability and portability: Another issue with cloud computing is that

programs must be easily moved across cloud providers without being locked in an
extended length of time. Because of the complexity required, migrating from one cloud
provider to another is limited in flexibility. Changing cloud develop ments introduce a
few new issues, such as monitoring data flow and building a secure network from the
ground up. Another issue is that consumers cannot access it from everywhere; however,
this can be resolved by the cloud provider so that customers can securely access the
cloud from everywhere.

High availability and reliability: High availability (HA) and reliability are two of
the most urgent challenges in cloud computing. The possibility that a system will be up
and operating at any given moment in time is referred to as re liability, whereas
availability refers to how likely it is that the system will be up and running at any given
point in time. Because most organizations rely on third-party services, cloud solutions
must be stable and robust. Cloud services continue to lack 24-hour availability, resulting
in frequent disruptions. It is vital to monitor the service being offered using internal or
third-party solutions.

Hybrid cloud complexity: A hybrid cloud environment is typically a jumbled

mass of different cloud application development and cloud service providers, as well as
private and public clouds, all functioning at the same time for any firm. These
complicated cloud ecosystems lack a uniform user interface, consistent data, and
analytical benefits for enterprises. In a hybrid cloud context, cloud computing concerns
like as scalability, integration, and disaster recovery are amplified.

Tutorials Point (2022) Cloud Computing Challenges [Internet].

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cloud_computing/cloud_computing_challenges.htm
 CHPATER 5. CONCLUSION
5.1. Summary of Findings:
5.2. Implications for Industry:
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APPENDIX