LECTURE 5
SUSTAINABILITY, GREEN MANUFACTURING, GREEN
TECHNOLOGIES & GREEN PRODUCTS
By
Dr. Nisha Palagolla
15th September 2023
[Link]@[Link]
LEARNING OUTCOMES
On successful completion of this lesson, the learner will be able to:
LO1: Understand sustainability and its three pillars with
practical examples.
LO2: Discuss green manufacturing and the green manufacturing
process.
LO3: Discuss how to implement green manufacturing in practice.
LO4: Explore green technologies and green strategies.
LO5: Explore green products with examples and the
characteristics & benefits of them.
LO6: Discuss why today’s businesses go green/should go green.
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WHAT IS SUSTAINABILITY?
Ø Meeting our own needs without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Ø Sustainability emphasizes three resources we need to
meet our own needs: natural resources, social
resources, and economic resources.
Ø Sustainability is not just environmentalism. It has
concerns for social equity and economic development.
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THREE PILLARS OF SUSTAINABILITY
Ø Social progress that meets
the needs of everyone.
Ø Effective protection of the
environment & prudent use
of natural resources.
Ø Economic growth and
employment.
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SUSTAINABLE CONCERNS IN PRACTICE
AN EXAMPLE OF HOW THE ‘THREE PILLARS OF SUSTAINABILITY’ WORKS USING
GARBAGE AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS AND ISSUE
SUSTAINABLE CONCERNS IN PRACTICE
An example of how the ‘three pillars of sustainability’ works using garbage as an
environmental focus and issue
SUSTAINABLE CONCERNS IN PRACTICE
An example of how the ‘three pillars of sustainability’ works using garbage as an
environmental focus and issue
Is it sustainable to bury it in the backyard, throw it into the sea, construct a multi-billion-dollar facility to
compress it into very tiny parts which will dissolve in one year? Why or why not?
SUSTAINABLE CONCERNS IN PRACTICE
An example of how the ‘three pillars of sustainability’ works using garbage as an
environmental focus and issue
GREEN MANUFACTURING?
Ø Green or sustainable
manufacturing mainly deals
with the establishment of a
manufacturing process that
reduces pollution and
industrial waste, conserving
energy and natural resources,
use of economically sound
processes, and are safe for
employees, communities & 9
customers.
GREEN MANUFACTURING PROCESS?
Ø A sustainable manufacturing process is
defined as the process, which produces the
product by using less energy, less cost, and
without creating a problem for the operator
and environment (jayal et al., 2010).
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GREEN MANUFACTURING IN PRACTICE
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ATTRIBUTES OF GREEN MANUFACTURING
Ø Green/Sustainable manufacturing focuses on:
Ø Inputs
Ø Manufacturing processes
Ø Product’s design
Ø Sustainable manufacturing practices can range from
very simple process improvements to large
investments in new technologies and product
redesign.
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IMPLEMENTING GREEN MANUFACTURING
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GREEN MANUFACTURING PRACTICES
Ø Prepare
1. Map your impact and set priorities.
ü Set objectives through an internal sustainability team.
ü Review your environmental impact.
ü Decide on priorities.
2. Select useful performance indicators.
ü Identify important indicators related to your business.
ü Decide what data should be collected. 14
GREEN MANUFACTURING PRACTICES
Ø Measure
3. Measure the inputs used in production.
ü Identify how materials and components are used in the
production process.
ü Identify whether the production processes influence
environmental performance.
4. Assess operations.
ü Consider the impact and efficiency of the operations
(emissions to air & water).
5. Evaluate your products & determine how sustainable
they are.
ü Energy consumption, recyclability, hazardous substances etc. 15
GREEN MANUFACTURING PRACTICES
Ø Improve
6. Understand measured results.
ü Interpret your indicators.
ü Understand trends in your performance.
7. Take actions to improve performance.
ü Identify opportunities
ü Choose opportunities
ü Create action plans
ü Implement action plans 16
GREEN TECHNOLOGIES
Ø Technology that is considered
environmentally friendly based on its
production process or its supply chain.
Ø The use of environmentally responsible
technologies and equipment into the
production process.
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EXAMPLES OF GREEN TECHNOLOGIES
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GREEN STRATEGIES
Ø Reduce
Ø Reuse “Refuse what you do not
R Ø Recycle
Ø Renew
Ø Repair
need; Reduce what you do
need; Reuse what you
consume; Recycle what you
cannot refuse, reduce, or
Ø Refuse
reuse; and Rot (compost)
Ø Responsible the rest.” ― Bea Johnson
Ø Rot
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WHAT IS A GREEN PRODUCT?
Ø A green product is a sustainable product
designed to minimize its environmental
impacts during its whole life-cycle and even
after it’s of no use.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEN PRODUCTS
Ø Grown without the use of toxic chemicals and
within hygienic conditions
Ø Can be recycled, reused and is biodegradable in
nature
Ø Comes with eco-friendly packing
Ø Uses the least resources
Ø Is eco-efficient
Ø Has reduced or zero carbon footprint
Ø Has reduced or zero plastic footprint
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ADVANTAGES OF GREEN PRODUCTS
For the Company
Ø Access to new markets
For the Customers
Ø Competitive advantage
Ø Last longer
Ø Positive public image
Ø Brand loyalty Ø Healthy
Ø Low maintenance
For the Community
Ø Generates jobs
Ø Prevents resource overuse
Ø Protects the environment 22
EXAMPLES OF GREEN PRODUCTS
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PURPOSE OF A BUSINESS
Ø Business leaders need to understand the world
as an integrated system (systems thinking).
Ø Businesses need to move away from narrow
reductionist thinking to an holistic world view.
Ø Purpose of a business is not just about making a
profit. It should be about increasing the general
well being of mankind. (Social and
environmental responsibility). 24
WHY BUSINESSES GO GREEN?
Economic
issues
Environmental Social
issues issues
These issues the world faces are
complex and interconnected.
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GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
The most common issues are:
Ø Climate change
Ø Resource depletion and peak oil
Ø Pollution
Ø Over fishing
Ø Habitat destruction
Ø Loss of biodiversity
Ø Waste disposal/landfill
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Ø Greenhouse gases
GLOBAL SOCIAL ISSUES
Ø Health issues Poverty
Ø Famine
Ø Unclean drinking water
Ø Epidemics
Ø Poor living conditions
Ø Malnutrition
Ø Corruption
Ø Unemployment
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Ø Human rights
GLOBAL ECONOMIC ISSUES
Ø Economic recession
Ø Debts
Ø Trade war
Ø Wastage
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Be part of the
solution, not part
of the pollution.
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RECOMMENDED READING
Ø Dhillon, B.S., Engineering Design: A Modern Approach, Richard D. Irwin,
Inc., Chicago, 1996.
Ø Dhillon, B.S., Creativity for Engineers, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte.
Ltd., Singapore, 2006.
Ø Maggie Macnab, Design by Nature: Using Universal Forms and Principles
in Design, USA, 2012.
Ø Robin Lowe and Sue Marriott, Enterprise: Entrepreneurship and Innovation,
Elsevier Ltd., 2006.
Ø Edited by James C. Barrood, Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Global
Insights from 24 Leaders, Rothman Institute of Entrepreneurship, 2010.
Ø [Link]
Ø [Link]
gineering 30
Q&A
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