B2+ PRACTICE TEST 17 A

SKILL: GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY

TASK 1. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions.
1 I asked him what to do but his instructions were so ___ that I still didn’t understand.
A. inexplicable B. muddled C. garbled D. illegible
2 The police are looking for a short, ___ man with a beard.
A. average B. stocky C. petite D. tallish
3 Mary was so angry that she ___ to see the manager.
A. requested B. required C. risked D. demanded
4 The whole building collapsed, but fortunately there were no ___
A. wounded B. casualties C. hurt D. victims
5 He left the meeting early on the unlikely ___ that he had a sick friend to visit.
A. claim B. excuse C. pretext D. motive
6 The weather is so awful that I don’t ___ going out this evening.
A. fancy B. like C. try D. want
7 He sat in the corner, ___ with anger about the treatment he received from his boss.
A. washing B. boiling C. simmering D. peeling
8 I was ___ by his lack of intelligence. I couldn’t believe anyone could be so stupid.
A. shattered B. staggered C. speechless D. startled
9 This has been an incredibly ___ month.
A. hectic B. flustered C. wound up D. harassed
10 She may be ___ but she seems to end up annoying a lot of people.
A. well-meaning B. ill-advised C. smooth-tongued D. widely-known
11 I supposed, as ___ we all, that the meeting would be cancelled.
A. just B. would C. equally D. did
12 A study has been made of the microbiology of rock surfaces and ___ stones.
A. weathered B. rugged C. jagged D. rough
13 Well, it ___ but will it taste the same?
A. is smelling good B. is smelling well C. smells good D. smells well
14 You ___ in this report to the managing director personally. Do you understand?
A. are to hand B. would like to hand C. may have handed D. would sooner hand
15 ___ up early, he would have caught the early train.
A. Were he to get B. If he got C. Had he not got D. Were he to have got
16 You should be very glad that Bob didn’t recognize you that night. Can you imagine his fury if he ___?
A. had B. did C. did not D. would have
17 The research suggests that infants ___ highly susceptible to allergy at the first three months.
A. should be B. are C. will be D. being
18 When reaching the top of the hill, ___
A. we suddenly caught sight of the sea B. it was the sea that extended below us
C. we extended the sea below us D. the sea came into view
19 Consumers should boycott all products ___ has involved the use of child labour.
A. who manufacture B. whose manufacturers C. which manufacture D. whose manufacture
20 Such ___ that the firefighters could not get near it.
A. hot was the fire B. the fire was hot C. the heat was of the fire D. was the heat of the fire
21 I just want to settle ___ and start a family before I got too old.
A. in B. through C. down D. up
22 She spent twenty years studying the history of London. She knows it ___ out.
A. through B. inside C. all D. over
23 Capital punishment was done ___ in Britain nearly half a century ago.
A. out for B. away with C. off by D. over from
24 He wants to pay the bill himself, but I won’t hear ___ it.
A. from B. about C. of D. for
25 This situation is analogous ___ the one we had faced last year.
A. for B. in C. from D. to
26 When John was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he was ___ with a fine.
A. let through B. let off C. got away D. kept away
27 My wife checks ___ our elderly neighbour every few days to make sure that he’s alright.
A. on B. in C. at D. out
28 The rain ran ___ the roof of the house.
A. on B. onto C. from D. into
29 You may come ___ different kinds of problems when you first settle in a different country.
A. out with B. into C. up with D. up against
30 A Japanese company tried to ___ the deal.
A. get in on B. get on with C. catch up on D. walk in on
31 I’m sick and ___ of studying grammar.
A. cross B. ill C. tired D. bored
32 No, I don’t want to watch a war film. I don’t like to see too much blood and ___.
A. guts B. tears C. pain D. bone
33 Mice ___!
A. give me creeps B. give me the creep C. give me the creeps D. give me creep
34 When his parents are away, his eldest brother ___.
A. knocks it off B. calls the shots C. draws the line D. is in the same boat
35 I will do everything in my ___ to rescue the victims.
A. ability B. power C. mind D. effort
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36 Be careful or he’ll take you for a ___.
A. trick B. cheat C. fraud D. ride
37 Just because Laura makes a lot of money, everyone expects her to ___ all the bills.
A. foot B. stand C. run D. carry
38 My sister told me to pack some trousers and shirts for the trip, ___ not to forget my toothbrush.
A. after all B. but more or less C. before long D. but above all
39 His English was roughly ___ with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult!
A. level B. on a par C. equal D. in tune
40 I didn’t want to make a decision ___ so I said I’d like to think about it.
A. on and off B. in one go C. there and then D. at a stroke
ANSWER KEYS
1. B. muddled
Explanation: "Muddled" means confused or unclear, fitting the context of unclear instructions.
o A: "Inexplicable" means impossible to explain, not relevant here.
o C: "Garbled" implies distorted, more suited to spoken or written communication.
o D: "Illegible" refers to unreadable writing, not applicable to spoken instructions.
2. B. stocky
Explanation: "Stocky" describes someone short and muscular.
o A: "Average" is too general.
o C: "Petite" refers to small, delicate women.
o D: "Tallish" implies a taller build, opposite of "short."
3. D. demanded
Explanation: "Demanded" suits the strong emotion of anger.
o A: "Requested" is too polite.
o B: "Required" doesn’t fit the context.
o C: "Risked" is unrelated.
4. B. casualties
Explanation: "Casualties" refers to those injured or killed in accidents.
o A: "Wounded" applies to injuries but not deaths.
o C: "Hurt" is informal and less precise.
o D: "Victims" is too broad.
5. C. pretext
Explanation: "Pretext" is an excuse or false reason.
o A: "Claim" doesn’t imply falsity.
o B: "Excuse" lacks the sense of deliberate falsity.
o D: "Motive" is unrelated.
6. A. fancy
Explanation: "Fancy" means to like or desire, suiting the context.
o B: "Like" is less formal and doesn’t express reluctance.
o C: "Try" doesn’t fit.
o D: "Want" lacks the connotation of preference.
7. C. simmering
Explanation: "Simmering" means containing suppressed anger.
o A: "Washing" is unrelated.
o B: "Boiling" suggests an explosive temper.
o D: "Peeling" is unrelated.
8. B. staggered
Explanation: "Staggered" conveys astonishment or shock.
o A: "Shattered" suggests emotional devastation.
o C: "Speechless" focuses on being unable to speak.
o D: "Startled" implies sudden surprise.
9. A. hectic
Explanation: "Hectic" means very busy, fitting the context.
o B: "Flustered" describes being nervous.
o C: "Wound up" means tense.
o D: "Harassed" implies being troubled persistently.
10. A. well-meaning
Explanation: "Well-meaning" describes intentions that often annoy others unintentionally.
o B: "Ill-advised" means unwise, not fitting here.
o C: "Smooth-tongued" implies persuasive flattery.
o D: "Widely-known" doesn’t relate to intent.
11. D. did
Explanation: "Did" matches the structure of the statement and maintains the parallelism with "supposed."
o A: "Just" is irrelevant.
o B: "Would" creates a grammatical error.
o C: "Equally" is contextually inappropriate.
12. A. weathered / C. jagged
Explanation: "Weathered" describes stones affected by weather conditions.
o B: "Rugged" refers to rough terrain.
o C: "Jagged" describes sharp, uneven edges.
o D: "Rough" is too vague.

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13. C. smells good
Explanation: "Smells good" is correct; "smell" as a linking verb describes a state, not an action.
o A/B/D: All are grammatically incorrect or nonsensical.
14. A. are to hand
Explanation: "Are to hand" conveys a direct instruction or obligation.
o B: "Would like to hand" is polite but not instructional.
o C: "May have handed" doesn’t fit tense or meaning.
o D: "Would sooner hand" is unrelated.
15. D. Were he to have got
Explanation: Inversions with "had" express a past conditional effectively.
o A/B/D: None fit the conditional structure properly.
16. A. had
Explanation: "Had" matches the past conditional context ("if he had recognized").
o B: "Did" mixes past and present tenses.
o C: "Did not" contradicts the scenario.
o D: "Would have" is incorrect tense.
17. B. are
Explanation: "Are" reflects a factual present statement.
o A: "Should be" implies obligation.
o C: "Will be" incorrectly shifts to future tense.
o D: "Being" is ungrammatical here.
18. A. we suddenly caught sight of the sea
Explanation: Logical and grammatically correct for a descriptive moment.
o B/C/D: All involve awkward or incorrect phrasing.
19. D. whose manufacture
Explanation: "Whose manufacture" correctly refers to the process involving child labor.
o A/B/C: All incorrectly relate or describe the process.
20. D. was the heat of the fire
Explanation: Inversion with "was" emphasizes intensity.
o A/B/C: Incorrect inversions or awkward phrasing.
21. C. down
Explanation: "Settle down" is the idiomatic expression for establishing stability.
o A/B/D: Do not convey the intended meaning.
22. B. inside
Explanation: "Inside out" is the correct idiom for thorough knowledge.
o A/C/D: Not idiomatically correct.
23. B. away with
Explanation: "Done away with" means abolished.
o A/C/D: Incorrect phrasal verbs.
24. C. of
Explanation: "Hear of" is the correct idiomatic usage.
o A/B/D: Incorrect prepositions for the context.
25. D. to
Explanation: "Analogous to" is the correct collocation.
o A/B/C: Incorrect prepositions.
26. B. let off
Explanation: "Let off" means excused or given a light punishment.
o A/C/D: Do not fit the context.
27. A. on
Explanation: "Checks on" someone means ensuring their well-being.
o B/C/D: Incorrect prepositions.
28. B.
Explanation: "Ran onto" describes the rain on the roof.
o A/B/D: Do not fit spatial direction.
29. D. up against
Explanation: "Come up against" means encountering challenges.
o A/B/C: Incorrect phrasal verbs.
30. A. get in on
Explanation: "Get in on" means to join an activity or opportunity.
o B/C/D: Incorrect idiomatic meanings.
31. C. tired
Explanation: "Sick and tired" is the correct idiom.
o A/B/D: Do not fit the expression.
32. A. guts
Explanation: "Blood and guts" describes extreme violence.
o B/C/D: Not part of this specific idiom.
33. C. give me the creeps
Explanation: "Give me the creeps" is the correct idiom for discomfort.
o A/B/D: Grammatically or idiomatically incorrect.
34. B. calls the shots
Explanation: "Calls the shots" means being in charge.
o A/C/D: Incorrect idioms for this context.

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35. B. power
Explanation: "In my power" is the correct idiom.
o A/C/D: Incorrect collocations.
36. D. ride
Explanation: "Take for a ride" means to deceive.
o A/B/C: Incorrect idioms.
37. A. foot
Explanation: "Foot the bill" means to pay.
o B/C/D: Incorrect idioms.
38. D. but above all
Explanation: "Above all" emphasizes the toothbrush as most important.
o A/B/C: Do not convey the intended emphasis.
39. B. on a par
Explanation: "On a par" means equal or comparable.
o A/C/D: Incorrect idiomatic expressions.
40. C. there and then
Explanation: "There and then" means immediately.
o A/B/D: Incorrect expressions.
TASK 2. Use the correct FORM of the word in capitals to fit each gap.
1 Information campaigns should be planned to (SENSE) ____________ youth to be aware of the detrimental effects of violence on
the family, community and society, to teach them how to communicate without violence.
2 Focus on the importance of family should become a priority because it is the primary institution of (SOCIAL) ___________ of
youth and continues to play an important role in the prevention of juvenile delinquency.
3 Books can now be read on iPhones, and (OPPORTUNITY) ________________ young writers in Japan are using their cell phone
keypads to write the best-selling short novels.
4 We only do things for our own aspirations that no actions are truly (ALTRUISM) ___________.
5 The increments in ability may be almost (PERCEIVE) ____________ but are most certainly there.
6 The majority of long-distance runners, they claim, come from African countries because they do their training at high
altitudes, which is beneficial when competing at lower ones, where increased oxygen levels are hugely (ENERGY)
____________.
7 Behind the scenes of the book tour that has become as much a part of the modern bestseller as print and paper, the writer
may be a (CONTEND) ___________ for a Golden Dartboard Award.
8 House cats, like their larger relatives found in the wild, are renowned for their acute sense of balance, amazing (AGILE)
____________ and lithe, graceful movements.
9 They respond to questions from broadcasters with a nauseating mixture of arrogance and (RIGHT) ____________.
10 These garments could be worn (CHANGE) ___________ by men and women.
11 Britain agreed to cut ___________ of nitrogen oxide from power stations. (EMIT)
12 The idea of our group being apportioned blame only is ____________ and outrageous. (POSTURE)
13 The answer to our request was an _____________ "no". (EQUIVOCATE)
14 The team were basking in the ___________ of winning the cup. (GLOW)
15 He has an extreme fear of height, so it’s of no surprise that he’s suffering from _______. (VERTICAL)
16 We are _________ although we have to be aware of the political impact our work can have in some areas. (POLITIC)
17 Scented oils can act as a ____________ or antidepressant if inhaled or massaged. (STRESS)
18 She was a unique and ____________ interviewee who spoke with great confidence. (VOLUME)
19 Stock markets have crashed in the biggest ____________ this century, with dollars suddenly fast falling in value. (DIVE)
20 The police said his car had been weaving all over the road, so they pulled him over and gave him a ____________ test. (SOBER)
21 Democracy died after a period of ________ (cease) wars, imperial expansion abroad, and the rise of demagoguery at home.
22 The consequences of ________ (compel) gambling are comparable to those of any other addictive disease and are not simply
those of financial loss.
23 The prison service has the twin goals of punishment and ________ (habit).
24 The first ________ (conceive) is that legal study at university is exclusively for students who intend becoming solicitors or
advocates.
25 Too late, she remembered the ________ (settle) effect such comments would have on Johnny.
26 Some economists are now predicting the danger of ________ (run) inflation.
27 The ________ (narrate) in this book plays second fiddle to the excellent photographs.
28 They were now faced with seemingly ________ (mount) technical problems.
29 Their views lie outside the ________ (stream) of current medical opinion.
30 The teachers are fair and avoid ________ (favour) and scapegoating.
ANSWER KEYS
1. sensitize
Explanation: "Sensitize" means to make someone aware or responsive to something.
2. socialization
Explanation: "Socialization" refers to the process by which individuals learn societal norms.
3. opportunistic
Explanation: "Opportunistic" describes taking advantage of situations, fitting young writers' innovative behavior.
4. altruistic
Explanation: "Altruistic" means selfless, opposite to actions motivated by aspirations.

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5. imperceptible
Explanation: "Imperceptible" means barely noticeable, matching subtle ability increments.
6. energizing
Explanation: "Energizing" means providing energy, fitting the context of increased oxygen levels.
7. contender
Explanation: "Contender" refers to someone competing, likely for an award in this case.
8. agility
Explanation: "Agility" describes the quick, nimble movements of cats.
9. entitlement
Explanation: "Entitlement" reflects a sense of deserved privilege.
10. interchangeably
Explanation: "Interchangeably" means usable in place of each other, appropriate for unisex garments.
11. emissions
Explanation: "Emissions" refers to substances released into the environment, like nitrogen oxide.
12. preposterous
Explanation: "Preposterous" means absurd or ridiculous, fitting the context of being unfairly blamed.
13. unequivocal
Explanation: "Unequivocal" means clear and definite, suitable for a firm "no."
14. glory
Explanation: "Glory" refers to the satisfaction and pride from success.
15. vertigo
Explanation: "Vertigo" describes the fear of heights or dizziness.
16. apolitical
Explanation: "Apolitical" means not involved in political matters, aligning with their awareness.
17. destresser
Explanation: "Destresser" refers to something that reduces stress, fitting the description of oils.
18. voluble
Explanation: "Voluble" means talkative or fluent, describing her confident speaking style.
19. nosedive
Explanation: "Nosedive" means a rapid decline, matching the stock market crash.
20. sobriety
Explanation: "Sobriety" refers to the state of being sober, fitting a driving test context.
21. ceaseless
Explanation: "Ceaseless" means unending, describing continuous wars.
22. compulsive
Explanation: "Compulsive" describes an uncontrollable urge, as with gambling.
23. rehabilitation
Explanation: "Rehabilitation" means restoring to a healthy or normal state, fitting the prison context.
24. misconception
Explanation: "Misconception" refers to an incorrect belief, fitting the context of legal studies.
25. unsettling
Explanation: "Unsettling" means causing anxiety or unease, describing the effect on Johnny.
26. runaway
Explanation: "Runaway" describes something out of control, fitting inflation concerns.
27. narrative
Explanation: "Narrative" refers to the story in the book, secondary to the photographs.
28. mounting
Explanation: "Mounting" means increasing, fitting the description of technical problems.
29. mainstream
Explanation: "Mainstream" refers to widely accepted views, contrasting their opinions.
30. favoritism
Explanation: "Favoritism" means unfair partiality, contrasting fair teachers.
TASK 3. Fill in each blank with the appropriate preposition(s).
1 A: I’ve got some questions I’d like to ask you.
B: Right, fire _____________!
2 Accidents are more likely to happen when a ferry carries more people than it is licensed _________.
3 She’s ____________ tenterhooks, waiting to see whether she has passed the exam.
4 That awful new office block is a real blot _____________ the landscape.
5 I don’t know how Nicole survives, living all away _____________ the sticks.
6 Carl and I just spent the whole day lazing _____________ listening to music.
7 Unfortunately, most of the photos Terry took were ______________ focus.
8 Why don’t we meet _____________ here again on the 12th, when I get back from Germany?
9 The prime minister has come _____________ fire during this election campaign for being slow to respond to events.
10 Keep plodding _____________ and you’ll finish your novel eventually.
11 It is an area steeped _________ tradition.
12 A team of volunteers set _________ the task with determination.
13 I was not a party __________ this discussion.
14 Amidst this welter of confusing signals, it’s difficult to winnow _________ the truth.
15 Most top executives pull _________ salaries the rest of us can only dream of.
16 Nurses soon inure _________ the sight of suffering.
17 He gave me a bed for a couple of nights but I felt I was there _________ sufferance.
18 Wilshire is fit again and could come _________ the reckoning.

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19 In those days, doctors ladled _________ antibiotics to patients.
20 Scientists are clamoring _________ a ban on all chlorine substances.
21 I’m calling ________ the off-chance that you’ll be free to go out this evening.
22 The Prime Minister said that he would speak to his advisors and then act ________ their advice.
23 The man was muttering ________ his breath as he walked down the road.
24 If you let them walk ________ you, you deserve no respect.
25 Even though I knew what he was going to say, I resolved to hear him ________ so as not to hurt his feelings.
26 Jean has been beavering ________ to ensure the success of the festival.
27 Mary’s criticism was really scathing, but Frank simply shrugged it ________ and got on with the job.
28 My exam results certainly pulled me ________ and made me realise I had to study more effectively.
29 If you keep up the pressure, you’ll eventually wear them ________, and they’ll agree to do what you want.
30 If they think we’re doing this for the good of the village, we should be happy to string them ________.
ANSWER KEYS
1. away
Explanation: "Fire away!" is a common phrase encouraging someone to ask questions.
2. to
Explanation: "Licensed to" refers to the maximum capacity a ferry is legally permitted to carry.
3. on
Explanation: "On tenterhooks" means in a state of suspense or anxiety.
4. on
Explanation: "A blot on the landscape" is an idiomatic expression for something unattractive.
5. in
Explanation: "In the sticks" is an idiomatic phrase meaning a remote or rural area.
6. around
Explanation: "Lazing around" describes relaxing without doing anything specific.
7. out of
Explanation: "Out of focus" means not sharp or clear, commonly used for photos.
8. up
Explanation: "Meet up" is an informal way of saying to meet again.
9. under
Explanation: "Come under fire" means to face criticism.
10. along
Explanation: "Plodding along" refers to working steadily but without enthusiasm.
11. in
Explanation: "Steeped in tradition" means deeply involved or surrounded by tradition.
12. to
Explanation: "Set to" means starting a task with determination.
13. to
Explanation: "Party to" refers to being involved in something, often discussions or agreements.
14. out
Explanation: "Winnow out" means to separate the important or useful parts from the rest.
15. down
Explanation: "Pull down salaries" refers to earning high incomes.
16. to
Explanation: "Inure to" means to become accustomed to something unpleasant.
17. on
Explanation: "On sufferance" means being allowed to stay or act reluctantly.
18. into
Explanation: "Come into the reckoning" means becoming a possibility or contender.
19. out
Explanation: "Ladled out" means dispensing something generously.
20. for
Explanation: "Clamoring for" means demanding something loudly or insistently.
21. on
Explanation: "On the off-chance" means hoping for a possibility, however unlikely.
22. on
Explanation: "Act on advice" means to follow someone's suggestions or guidance.
23. under
Explanation: "Muttering under his breath" refers to speaking in a low, inaudible voice.
24. over
Explanation: "Walk over you" means to treat someone without respect or fairness.
25. out
Explanation: "Hear him out" means to listen until the end without interruption.
26. away
Explanation: "Beavering away" means working hard and diligently.
27. off
Explanation: "Shrugged it off" means dismissing something as unimportant.
28. up
Explanation: "Pulled me up" means to cause someone to reflect or change their behavior.
29. down
Explanation: "Wear them down" means to weaken someone's resistance.
30. along
Explanation: "String them along" means misleading someone intentionally.

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SKILL: READING
TASK 1. Read the passage below and fill each of the blanks with ONE suitable word.
OPEN CLOZE TEST 1
MARKETS
Most people in Britain and the US now buy their fresh food in supermarkets rather than traditional markets. But markets are still
important (1) ______ the life of many cities and towns and in recent years farmers’ markets, where local farmers and others sell (2)
______ or home-made foods directly to the public, have grown in popularity.
In Britain, most markets are held in the open air, in town squares or market places. They usually take (3) ______ only on market
day, the same day each week, and sometimes on Saturday, and the stalls are put (4) ______ for each occasion. Towns where
markets have traditionally been held are called market towns. Many still have a market cross, indicating where the market was
originally held, or an old market (5) ______, a covered area open at the sides. Today, markets (6) ______ flowers, fruit and
vegetables, fish and meat, clothes and household goods.
Some towns and cities in Britain and the US have a (7) ______ or indoor market. These markets are usually open more days of the
week than outdoor markets and operate more like shops. Markets that sell cheap second-hand goods, (8) ______ clothes, jewellery
and books are called flea markets. In the US, these are usually in buildings and open during normal shopping hours.
The word market is sometimes used in American English to (9) ______ to any food shop. A (10) ______ or superstore in both Britain
and the US is a very large store or supermarket.
ANSWER KEYS
1. to
Explanation: "Important to the life" is the correct prepositional phrase.
2. fresh
Explanation: "Fresh" is appropriate for food sold by farmers at markets.
3. place
Explanation: "Take place" means to happen or occur.
4. up
Explanation: "Put up" means to assemble or erect something, like stalls.
5. hall
Explanation: "Market hall" refers to a covered area traditionally used for trading.
6. sell
Explanation: "Markets sell" introduces the list of items available.
7. covered
Explanation: "Covered market" describes an indoor market that operates regularly.
8. including
Explanation: "Including" is used to introduce examples of goods sold.
9. refer
Explanation: "Refer to" is the correct verb phrase for describing a term's use.
10. hypermarket
Explanation: A "hypermarket" or "superstore" describes a very large supermarket.
OPEN CLOZE TEST 2
Face-to-face conversation is a (1) ______ process: you speak to me, I reply to you and so on. Two-way (2) ______ depends on
having a coding system that is understood by both (3) ______ and receiver, and an agreed convention about signalling the
beginning and end of the (4) ______. In speech, the coding system is a language like English or Spanish; the convention that one
person speaks at a time may seem too obvious to (5) ______. In fact, the signals that people use in conversations and meetings are
often non-verbal. For example, lowering the pitch of the (6) ______ may mean the end of a sentence; a sharp intake of breath (7)
______ signal the desire to interrupt, catching the chairman’s (8) ______ may indicate the desire to speak in a formal setting (9)
______ a debate; a clenched fist may indicate anger. When these (10) ______ signals are not possible, more formal signals may be
needed.
ANSWER KEYS
1. two-way
Explanation: Face-to-face conversation is described as a "two-way" process.
2. communication
Explanation: Communication is the process of exchanging information.
3. sender
Explanation: In communication, there is a sender (speaker) and receiver (listener).
4. interaction
Explanation: "Interaction" refers to the exchange of information during a conversation.
5. mention
Explanation: "Too obvious to mention" indicates that it is an assumed fact.
6. voice
Explanation: Changes in the pitch of the "voice" can signal meaning in speech.
7. may
Explanation: "May signal" expresses possibility.
8. eye
Explanation: "Catching the chairman’s eye" refers to gaining their attention.
9. like
Explanation: "Like a debate" introduces an example of a formal setting.
10. non-verbal
Explanation: "Non-verbal signals" are those conveyed without spoken words.
TASK 2. Read the passage below and decide which answer A, B, C, or D best fits each gap.
CLOZE TEST 1
A LACK OF COMMUNICATION

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Recent research has revealed that a third of people in Britain have not met their (1) ______ neighbors, and those who know each
other (2) ______ speak. Neighbors gossiping over garden fences and in the street was a common (3) ______ in the 1950s, says Dr
Carl Chinn, an expert on local communities. Now, however, longer hours spent working at the office, together with the Internet
and satellite television, are eroding neighborhood (4) ______. ‘Poor neighborhoods once had strong kinship, but now prosperity
buys privacy,’ said Chinn.
Professor John Locke, a social scientist at Cambridge University, has analyzed a large (5) ______ of surveys. He found that in
America and Britain the amount of time spent in social activity is decreasing. A third of people said they never spoke to their
neighbors at (6) ______. Andrew Mayer, 25, a strategy consultant, rents a large apartment in west London, with two flatmates, who
work in e-commerce. ‘We have a family of teachers upstairs and lawyers below, but our only contact comes via letters (7) ______
to the communal facilities or complaints that we’ve not put out our bin bags properly,’ said Mayer.
The (8) ______ of communities can have serious effects. Concerned at the rise in burglaries and (9) ______ of vandalism, the police
have relaunched crime prevention schemes such as Neighborhood Watch, (10) ______ on people who live in the same area to keep
an eye on each others’ houses and report anything they see which is unusual.
1 A. side-on B. next-door C. close-up D. nearside
2 A. barely B. roughly C. nearly D. virtually
3 A. outlook B. view C. vision D. sight
4 A. ties B. joints C. strings D. laces
5 A. deal B. amount C. number D. measure
6 A. least B. once C. all D. most
7 A. concerning B. regarding C. applying D. relating
8 A. breakout B. breakthrough C. breakdown D. breakaway
9 A. acts B. shows C. counts D. works
10 A. asking B. calling C. inviting D. trying
ANSWER KEYS
1. B. next-door
Explanation: "Next-door neighbors" is the standard term for people living in adjacent houses.
2. A. barely
Explanation: "Barely" means almost never, fitting the context of minimal interaction.
3. D. sight
Explanation: "Sight" refers to something commonly seen, like neighbors gossiping.
4. A. ties
Explanation: "Neighborhood ties" means social connections within a community.
5. C. number
Explanation: "Number of surveys" refers to a quantifiable collection of data.
6. C. all
Explanation: "Never spoke to their neighbors at all" means no interaction whatsoever.
7. A. concerning
Explanation: "Concerning" refers to something related to shared facilities or issues.
8. C. breakdown
Explanation: "Breakdown" means a failure or decline, here in community cohesion.
9. A. acts
Explanation: "Acts of vandalism" refers to specific occurrences of destructive behavior.
10. B. calling
Explanation: "Calling on" means requesting or encouraging neighbors to cooperate.
CLOZE TEST 2
The joys and tribulations of being a pet owner! During our lifetime most of us have some experience of either owning a pet or
being in (1) ______ contact with someone who does. Is there such a thing as "the ideal pet"? If so, what goes to make up the ideal
pet? Various (2) ______ influence one’s choice of pet, from your reasons for getting a pet to your lifestyle. For example, although
quite a few pets are relatively cheap to buy, the cost of (3) ______ can be considerable. Everything must be (4) ______ into account,
from food and bedding, to vaccinations and veterinary bills. You must be prepared to (5) ______ time on your pet, shopping for it,
cleaning and feeding it.
Pets can be demanding and a big responsibility. Are you prepared to exercise and housetrain an animal or do you prefer a more
independent pet? How much (6) ______ room do you have? Is it right to lock an energetic animal into a (7) ______ space? Do you live
near a busy road which may threaten the life of your pet? Pets (8) ______ turtles and goldfish can be cheap and convenient, but if
you prefer affection pets a friendly cat or dog would be more (9) ______. People get pets for a number of reasons: for company,
security or to teach responsibility, especially to children. Pets can be affectionate and loyal and an excellent source of company
as long as you know what pet (10) ______ you and your lifestyle.
11 A. near B. close C. narrow D. tight
12 A. measures B. elements C. factors D. points
13 A. upkeep B. maintenance C. upbringing D. raising
14 A. considered B. held C. taken D. kept
15 A. take B. waste C. occupy D. spend
16 A. free B. spare C. empty D. vacant
17 A. confined B. detained C. reduced D. closed
18 A. so that B. as for C. as if D. such as
19 A. suited B. appropriate C. likely D. good
20 A. fits B. matches C. suits D. goes with
ANSWER KEYS
11. B. close
Explanation: "Close contact" is the correct collocation for being physically near or involved with someone.
12. C. factors
Explanation: "Factors" refers to the aspects that influence a decision.

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13. A. upkeep
Explanation: "Upkeep" refers to the ongoing costs and care of maintaining a pet.
14. C. taken
Explanation: "Taken into account" means to consider something in planning or decision-making.
15. D. spend
Explanation: "Spend time" is the correct phrase for dedicating time to activities like caring for a pet.
16. A. free
Explanation: "Free room" refers to available space, fitting the context of housing a pet.
17. A. confined
Explanation: "Confined space" refers to a restricted area, which may not be suitable for some pets.
18. D. such as
Explanation: "Such as" introduces examples like turtles and goldfish.
19. A. suited
Explanation: "Suited" means appropriate or fitting, especially for pets providing affection.
20. C. suits
Explanation: "Suits" means matches or fits your preferences or lifestyle.
TASK 3. Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D.
Many trees in the Brackham area were brought down in the terrible storms that March. The town itself lost two great lime trees
from the former market square. The disappearance of such prominent features had altered the appearance of the town centre
entirely, to the annoyance of its more conservative inhabitants.
Among the annoyed, under more normal circumstances, would have been Chief Inspector Douglas Pelham, head of the local
police force. But at the height of that week’s storm, when the wind brought down even the mature walnut tree in his garden,
Pelham had in fact been in no fit state to notice. A large and healthy man, he had for the first time in his life been seriously ill with
an attack of bronchitis.
When he first complained of an aching head and tightness in his chest, his wife, Molly, had tried to persuade him to go to the
doctor. Convinced that the police force could not do without him, he had, as usual, ignored her and attempted to carry on
working. Predictably, though he wouldn’t have listened to anyone who tried to tell him so, this had the effect of fogging his
memory and shortening his temper.
It was only when his colleague, Sergeant Lloyd, took the initiative and drove him to the doctor’s door that he finally gave in. By
that time, he didn’t have the strength left to argue with her. In no time at all, she was taking him along to the chemist’s to get his
prescribed antibiotics and then home to his unsurprised wife who sent him straight to bed.
When Molly told him, on the Thursday morning, that the walnut tree had been brought down during the night, Pelham hadn’t been
able to take it in. On Thursday evening, he had asked weakly about damage to the house, groaned thankfully when he heard there
was none, and pulled the sheets over his head.
It wasn’t until Saturday, when the antibiotics took effect, his temperature dropped and he got up, that he realised with a shock
that the loss of the walnut tree had made a permanent difference to the appearance of the living-room. The Pelhams’ large house
stood in a sizeable garden. It had not come cheap, but even so Pelham had no regrets about buying it. The leafy garden had
created an impression of privacy. Now, though, the storm had changed his outlook.
Previously, the view from the living-room had featured the handsome walnut tree. This had not darkened the room because there
was also a window on the opposite wall, but it had provided interesting patterns of light and shade that disguised the true state of
the worn furniture that the family had brought with them from their previous house.
With the tree gone, the room seemed cruelly bright, its worn furnishings exposed in all their shabbiness. And the view from the
window didn’t bear looking at. The tall house next door, previously hidden by the tree, was now there, dominating the outlook with
its unattractive purple bricks and external pipes. It seemed to have a great many upstairs windows, all of them watching the
Pelhams’ every movement.
‘Doesn’t it look terrible?’ Pelham croaked to his wife.
But Molly, standing in the doorway, sounded more pleased than dismayed. ‘That’s what I’ve been telling you ever since we came
here. We have to buy a new sofa, whatever it costs.’
1 Why were some people in Brackham annoyed after the storm?
A. The town looked different.
B. The police had done little to help.
C. No market could be held.
D. Fallen trees had not been removed.
2 In the third paragraph, what do we learn about Chief Inspector Pelham’s general attitude to his work?
A. He finds it extremely annoying.
B. He is sure that he fulfils a vital role.
C. He considers the systems are not clear enough.
D. He does not trust the decisions made by his superiors.
3 Who does ‘her’ in line 16 refer to?
A. Molly Pelham
B. the doctor
C. the chemist
D. Sergeant Lloyd
4 When Inspector Pelham’s wife first told him about the walnut tree, he appeared to be
A. worried.
B. shocked.
C. saddened.
D. uninterested.
5 What aspect of the Pelhams’ furniture does ‘shabbiness’ in line 33 describe?
A. its colour
B. its condition
C. its position

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 D. its design
6 As a result of the storm, the Pelhams’ living-room
A. was pleasantly lighter.
B. felt less private.
C. had a better view.
D. was in need of repair.
7 Why did Molly sound pleased by her husband’s comment?
A. It proved that he was well again.
B. She agreed about the tree.
C. She thought he meant the sofa.
D. It was what she expected him to say.
8 From what we learn of Inspector Pelham, he could best be described as
A. open-minded.
B. well-liked.
C. warm-hearted.
D. strong-willed.
ANSWER KEYS
1. A. The town looked different.
Citation: "The disappearance of such prominent features had altered the appearance of the town centre entirely, to the
annoyance of its more conservative inhabitants."
Explanation: The lime trees’ loss changed the town's appearance, upsetting those who valued tradition.
2. B. He is sure that he fulfils a vital role.
Citation: "Convinced that the police force could not do without him, he had, as usual, ignored her and attempted to carry on
working."
Explanation: Pelham’s refusal to rest indicates his belief in his indispensable role.
3. D. Sergeant Lloyd.
Citation: "It was only when his colleague, Sergeant Lloyd, took the initiative and drove him to the doctor’s door that he finally gave
in."
Explanation: "Her" refers to Lloyd, who drove Pelham to the doctor.
4. D. uninterested.
Citation: "Pelham hadn’t been able to take it in."
Explanation: Pelham was too ill to process or react to the loss of the walnut tree.
5. B. its condition.
Citation: "The room seemed cruelly bright, its worn furnishings exposed in all their shabbiness."
Explanation: "Shabbiness" refers to the worn and poor condition of the furniture.
6. B. felt less private.
Citation: "The tall house next door, previously hidden by the tree, was now there, dominating the outlook with its unattractive
purple bricks and external pipes."
Explanation: The loss of the tree removed the privacy provided by its coverage.
7. C. She thought he meant the sofa.
Citation: "‘That’s what I’ve been telling you ever since we came here. We have to buy a new sofa, whatever it costs.’"
Explanation: Molly interpreted Pelham’s comment as agreement on the need for a new sofa.
8. D. strong-willed.
Citation: "Convinced that the police force could not do without him, he had, as usual, ignored her and attempted to carry on
working."
Explanation: Pelham’s insistence on working despite his illness demonstrates his strong will.
TASK 4. Choose from the options (A – G) what fits best in each gap. There is an extra option.
The Netball Captain
In our series on women in sport, Suzie Ellis went to meet England’s netball captain.
Kendra Slawinski is captain of England’s netball team. When I met her, she’d had a typical day for the weeks leading up to next
month’s World Championships: a day’s teaching at a local school followed by a training session in the local supermarket car park.
I was surprised to hear about her training venue.
‘Don’t you get strange looks?’ I asked her. ‘I’m too involved in what I’m doing – concentrating on my movements and my feet – to
see anything else,’ she said. ‘I might notice cars slow down out of the corner of my eye, but that’s all.’
‘My whole life now is all about making sure I’m at my absolute best for the Championships,’ says Kendra.
1 ___________ These are her fourth World Championships and they are guaranteed to be the biggest ever, with 27 nations taking
part.
‘We’ll have home support behind us, which is so special,’ she says. ‘And it’s important that the reputation of netball in this country
should be improved. 2 ___________ A home crowd will have expectations and give more support. People will expect us to start the
tournament with a good game.’
Their first game is against Barbados and it comes immediately after the opening ceremony.
3 ___________ They have lots of ability.
The England team are currently ranked fourth in the world. But, as Kendra points out, the World Championships will be tough. ‘You
have to push yourself to play each day, there’s no rest between games as in a series. And you can still win an international series
if you lose the first game. 4 ___________’
In the fifteen years since she has been playing at top level, the sport has become harder, faster. On court, players are more
aggressive. ‘You don’t do all that training not to come out a winner,’ says Kendra. 5 ___________ We’re all friendlier after the game.’
Netball is also taking a far more scientific approach to fitness testing.
‘It is essential that we all think and train like world-class players,’ says Kendra. 6 ___________ I see my role as supporting and
encouraging the rest of the team.’

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‘From the very beginning, my netball career has always been carefully planned,’ she says. 7 ___________ Doubtless she will coach
young players in the future, but at the moment her eyes are firmly set on her last big event. As she leads out her team in the
opening candlelight ceremony, she is more than likely to have a tear in her eye. Her loyal supporters will be behind her every step
of the way.
Options
A. But the Championships are different because there’s only one chance and you have to be ready to make the most of it.
B. In fact, some of them help me with my speed and ball-skills training.
C. But once the final whistle blows, you become a different person.
D. So I took the decision some time ago that this competition would be the end of it as far as playing is concerned.
E. I’m on a strict timetable to gain maximum fitness for them.
F. As far as I’m aware, we have always beaten them, but they’ll be exciting to play.
G. As captain, I think it’s important that I have a strong mental attitude and lead by example.
H. As a result of playing here, there will be more pressure than we’re used to.
ANSWER KEYS
1. E. I’m on a strict timetable to gain maximum fitness for them.
Citation: "‘My whole life now is all about making sure I’m at my absolute best for the Championships,’ says Kendra."
Explanation: This statement logically follows her focus on preparing for the World Championships.
2. H. As a result of playing here, there will be more pressure than we’re used to.
Citation: "‘A home crowd will have expectations and give more support. People will expect us to start the tournament with a good
game.’"
Explanation: The reference to pressure from a home crowd aligns with this gap.
3. F. As far as I’m aware, we have always beaten them, but they’ll be exciting to play.
Citation: "‘Their first game is against Barbados...They have lots of ability.’"
Explanation: This option acknowledges past victories against Barbados while expressing anticipation for the match.
4. A. But the Championships are different because there’s only one chance and you have to be ready to make the most of it.
Citation: "‘And you can still win an international series if you lose the first game. But the Championships are different...’"
Explanation: The comparison between series and the Championships sets up this contrast.
5. C. But once the final whistle blows, you become a different person.
Citation: "‘On court, players are more aggressive...We’re all friendlier after the game.’"
Explanation: This statement contrasts the competitive nature during the game with the camaraderie afterward.
6. G. As captain, I think it’s important that I have a strong mental attitude and lead by example.
Citation: "‘It is essential that we all think and train like world-class players.’"
Explanation: The reference to leadership and mental attitude aligns with Kendra’s role as captain.
7. D. So I took the decision some time ago that this competition would be the end of it as far as playing is concerned.
Citation: "‘From the very beginning, my netball career has always been carefully planned.’"
Explanation: This statement logically concludes her reflections on her career and future plans.

TASK 5. Read the passage and choose from the options (A – E). The options may be chosen more than once.
Style Merchants
Style informs every part of our lives today from clothes to interior decoration and accessories. Jo Foley provides a taste of the
trends for this year’s followers of fashion.
A. Ned Ingham: Dress Designer
Ned Ingham makes dreamy, romantic wedding dresses. ‘People would do well to avoid the traditional, rather stiff dresses and the
“frilly” look in favour of much simpler styles,’ he explains. Ingham has been drawing and designing wedding dresses since he was
a schoolboy. Then, at the age of 16, he enrolled at fashion school, where he gained the technical skills to cut and construct
clothes. But you do not have to be a bride to own an Ingham dress: he also designs long, classic evening dresses, given a fresh
touch by up-to-the-minute colours and fabrics. For the less adventurous, Ingham’s designs include a classic summer navy-blue
suit, the centrepiece of the Englishwoman’s wardrobe for most of the 20th century. But in his hands, it looks as new as tomorrow.
B. Sally Quail: Jeweller
Although she once worked for an art dealer, Sally Quail has had no formal training in jewellery. It was only when she could not find
an engagement ring she liked that she decided to design her own. The resulting enquiries encouraged her to set up as a designer
in 1990. Now her pieces are sought out by many stars of stage and screen. Her signature style is large semi-precious stones set
in gold to make magnificent necklaces, bracelets and rings fashioned after those worn in the 18th century. However, she has
recently begun to use the most precious stone of all – diamonds. ‘It must reflect my age,’ says 36-year-old Quail. ‘I reached that
moment in every woman’s life when she wants a diamond and that is when I began working with them.’
C. Lily Grimson: Handbag Designer
Just four years after setting up in the fiercely competitive fashion business, Lily Grimson, with only an introductory course in art
and design behind her, has had two of her creations selected for a major design exhibition. Whatever the shape and form of her
designs, they are never ignored. All of Grimson’s fashion bags are handmade in the UK. The Grimson handbag is not simply a
container – the bags are full of glamour, whether fashioned from the finest calfskin or the heaviest silk. A combination of chic and
care makes a Grimson bag something special.
D. Peter Little: Hairdresser
For over 20 years, Peter Little has taken his scissors to some of the world’s top heads. Everyone who is anyone has had their hair
styled by this man. ‘Most women want real-looking hair and a style they can manage at home,’ he says. So his approach is a novel
one – to ensure that his clients never appear as if they have just walked out of a salon. But this carefree attitude and casual look
does not come cheap – £250 for the first appointment, and there’s a three-month waiting list. Trading on his celebrity, Peter has
produced his own range of hairdryers and other styling equipment. Now, those who can’t make it to his salon can create their own
styles back at home.
E. Penny Pratt: Florist
In addition to running her tiny shop, Penny Pratt is a flower consultant for a large chain of supermarkets and provides floral ideas
to a number of top restaurants. All of this is good going for someone who has no floristry qualifications and gave up her job as a

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teacher 10 years ago in order to do ‘something different’. And her simple, yet incredibly modern, creations have begun to capture
every design prize in the flower business, which has helped her in setting up her own London Flower School. She has recently
combined her skills on extremely successful lecture trips to Japan and the USA. She says, ‘Flower arrangements are much simpler
these days. Keep them simple but strong and don’t have too many leaves – they are too large and architectural. For wedding
bouquets, whatever your arrangement, the golden rule remains: the flowers must be of the same species.’
16. advises against certain styles?
17. took a business decision based on their own personal taste?
18. had begun designing before being trained?
19–20. have adapted a traditional style?
21. works in a variety of environments?
22. is working with a material which is new to them?
23–24. have used their reputation to develop a new area of business?
25–26. are completely self-taught?
27–28. mention how tastes have changed recently?
29–30. have received professional recognition?
ANSWER KEYS
16. advises against certain styles?
Answer: A (Ned Ingham)
Citation: "People would do well to avoid the traditional, rather stiff dresses and the ‘frilly’ look in favour of much simpler styles."
Explanation: Ingham explicitly advises against stiff and frilly wedding dresses.
17. took a business decision based on their own personal taste?
Answer: B (Sally Quail)
Citation: "It was only when she could not find an engagement ring she liked that she decided to design her own."
Explanation: Quail’s decision to design jewelry was driven by her inability to find a ring that suited her taste.
18. had begun designing before being trained?
Answer: A (Ned Ingham)
Citation: "Ingham has been drawing and designing wedding dresses since he was a schoolboy."
Explanation: Ingham began designing dresses before attending fashion school.
19–20. have adapted a traditional style?
Answers: A (Ned Ingham), B (Sally Quail)
Citation (A): "A classic summer navy-blue suit...in his hands, it looks as new as tomorrow."
Citation (B): "Her signature style is large semi-precious stones set in gold...fashioned after those worn in the 18th century."
Explanation: Both Ingham and Quail incorporate traditional styles with modern updates.
21. works in a variety of environments?
Answer: E (Penny Pratt)
Citation: "Penny Pratt is a flower consultant for a large chain of supermarkets and provides floral ideas to a number of top
restaurants."
Explanation: Pratt works in diverse settings, including supermarkets, restaurants, and her flower school.
22. is working with a material which is new to them?
Answer: B (Sally Quail)
Citation: "She has recently begun to use the most precious stone of all – diamonds."
Explanation: Quail’s work with diamonds is a recent development in her career.
23–24. have used their reputation to develop a new area of business?
Answers: D (Peter Little), E (Penny Pratt)
Citation (D): "Trading on his celebrity, Peter has produced his own range of hairdryers and other styling equipment."
Citation (E): "She has recently combined her skills on extremely successful lecture trips to Japan and the USA."
Explanation: Little and Pratt have leveraged their reputations to expand into new ventures.
25–26. are completely self-taught?
Answers: B (Sally Quail), E (Penny Pratt)
Citation (B): "Sally Quail has had no formal training in jewellery."
Citation (E): "Penny Pratt...has no floristry qualifications."
Explanation: Both Quail and Pratt are self-taught in their fields.
27–28. mention how tastes have changed recently?
Answers: A (Ned Ingham), E (Penny Pratt)
Citation (A): "Ingham makes dreamy, romantic wedding dresses...given a fresh touch by up-to-the-minute colours and fabrics."
Citation (E): "Flower arrangements are much simpler these days."
Explanation: Both Ingham and Pratt highlight changes in contemporary preferences.
29–30. have received professional recognition?
Answers: C (Lily Grimson), E (Penny Pratt)
Citation (C): "Two of her creations selected for a major design exhibition."
Citation (E): "Her simple, yet incredibly modern, creations have begun to capture every design prize in the flower business."
Explanation: Both Grimson and Pratt have been formally recognized for their work.

SKILL: WRITING
TASK 1. Complete the second sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. (10
points)
1 Wash vegetables before eating them.
→ Vegetables ____________________________
2 New road developments pose a major threat to these ancient woodlands.
→ These ancient ____________________________
3 You will have to give up the whole idea.
→ I have no ____________________________
4 He had a strong impulse to open the letter.
→ He couldn’t resist ____________________________
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5 It can be concluded from the research, heart diseases correlate with smoking.
→ The research shows a ____________________________
6 The diplomat has been arrested because it is believed he has been spying for his government. (SUSPICION)
→ The diplomat ____________________________
7 He got up very early this morning. (CRACK)
→ He ____________________________
8 They remained close friends, despite having had many differences. (FALLEN)
→ Though ____________________________
9 I resent the way that she clearly feels herself to be superior to me. (NOSE)
→ I am ____________________________
10 Fortunately his route took him very near where they lived. (LUCK)
→ As ____________________________
ANSWER KEYS
1. Wash vegetables before eating them.
Answer: Vegetables should be washed before being eaten.
Explanation: The passive structure maintains the original meaning, emphasizing the action.
2. New road developments pose a major threat to these ancient woodlands.
Answer: These ancient woodlands are under a major threat from new road developments.
Explanation: This rephrasing keeps the focus on the woodlands while retaining the meaning.
3. You will have to give up the whole idea.
Answer: I have no choice but to give up the whole idea.
Explanation: "No choice but to" expresses necessity, equivalent to "will have to."
4. He had a strong impulse to open the letter.
Answer: He couldn’t resist the impulse to open the letter.
Explanation: "Couldn’t resist" mirrors the idea of acting on a strong impulse.
5. It can be concluded from the research, heart diseases correlate with smoking.
Answer: The research shows a correlation between heart diseases and smoking.
Explanation: "Correlation between" directly conveys the relationship identified in the research.
6. The diplomat has been arrested because it is believed he has been spying for his government. (SUSPICION)
Answer: The diplomat has been arrested on suspicion of spying for his government.
Explanation: "On suspicion of" is the correct phrase to express the reason for the arrest.
7. He got up very early this morning. (CRACK)
Answer: He got up at the crack of dawn this morning.
Explanation: "At the crack of dawn" is an idiomatic expression for getting up very early.
8. They remained close friends, despite having had many differences. (FALLEN)
Answer: Though they had fallen out many times, they remained close friends.
Explanation: "Fallen out" is a phrasal verb meaning to have disagreements, matching the context.
9. I resent the way that she clearly feels herself to be superior to me. (NOSE)
Answer: I am fed up with the way she looks down her nose at me.
Explanation: "Look down her nose" is an idiom for acting superior, matching the sentiment of resentment.
10. Fortunately his route took him very near where they lived. (LUCK)
Answer: As luck would have it, his route took him very near where they lived.
Explanation: "As luck would have it" conveys a fortunate coincidence, aligning with "fortunately."

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