Theoretical Framework
Theory Example
Theory of Evolution (Darwin) –
A concept Explains how species change
over time through natural
formulated to selection.
explain, predict, Big Bang Theory – Explains the
and understand a origin of the universe as starting
from a massive explosion.
phenomena
Theory Framework
A concept Skeleton, a basic
formulated to structure or frame
explain, predict, of reference
and understand a designed to support
phenomena something.
Theory Framework
A concept Skeleton, a basic
formulated to structure or frame of
explain, predict, reference designed to
and understand a support something.
phenomena
Theoretical Framework- Theories that
serve as the building blocks or skeleton
for the foundation or bases of the study.
Importance of Theoretical Framework
Strengthens Permits the Connects Having a Makes the
your study. readers to the theory helps research focus
evaluate your researcher the on questions
topic or the to existing researcher of why and
research knowledge. identify the how.
problem limits to
critically. generali-
zations.
Theoretical Framework
•The researcher cites •This makes the study
and discusses related more scientific and
theories that serve understandable to
as the foundation of readers.
the variables and
their relationship.
How to Write the Theoretical Framework
Step 1: Identify Step 2: Explain the Step 3: Establish a
the Theories/ Theories/Concepts Connection
Concepts • Explain the • Relate the
theories and theories to your
• What theories concepts in variables.
are related to relation to your • Show how they
study. support and
your study?
• Establish their explain the
• What concepts significance in relationship of
support your understanding variables in your
variables? your research. study.
How to Write the Theoretical Framework
Include these in your paragraph:
Title of theory
Author/Proponent
Theoretical principle
Relationship/Relevance to the study
How to Write the Theoretical Framework
Prompts:
•The study is anchored on...
•This study is supported by the theory of...
•This study is founded on the theory of...
•The theoretical underpinning of this study
is...
Assessing the effect of viral diseases of abaca in the profitability of abaca
farming in Maysua, Polangui, Albay.
This study is guided by the following theories: Economic Loss in Agriculture Theory (Bailey
et al., 2014) and Risk & Uncertainty in Agriculture Theory (Hardaker et al., 2015), both of
which provide insights into the financial impact and unpredictability brought by viral
diseases in abaca farming.
The Economic Loss in Agriculture Theory explains how plant diseases contribute to
financial losses in the agricultural sector. Diseases can significantly reduce crop yields,
increase production costs due to disease management, and ultimately lower farmers'
incomes. In the context of abaca farming, infections caused by Abaca Bunchy Top Virus
(ABTV) and Banana Bract Mosaic Virus (BBrMV) lead to a decline in fiber production,
resulting in financial difficulties for farmers.
The Risk & Uncertainty in Agriculture Theory highlights how uncertainties, including
disease outbreaks, affect decision-making and farm management. Viral diseases introduce
unpredictability in crop production, making it difficult for farmers to plan for stable yields
and consistent profits. This uncertainty may lead to financial instability, as farmers struggle
with inconsistent production and increased investment in disease mitigation strategies.
Assessing the effect of viral diseases of abaca in
the profitability of abaca farming in Maysua,
Polangui, Albay.
At the core of the study is the presence of Viral Diseases in Abaca (ABTV & BBrMV), which
significantly impact farm productivity. These viral infections cause stunted growth,
deformed leaves, and poor fiber quality, reducing overall yields. The spread of these
diseases in abaca farms poses a major threat to production sustainability and economic
viability.
The Impact on Farm Productivity is a direct consequence of these viral infections. Affected
abaca plants experience reduced fiber output, higher mortality rates, and increased farm
maintenance costs. Farmers are forced to invest in disease management strategies,
including rogueing of infected plants, replanting, and additional labor costs, all of which
contribute to overall productivity decline.
Ultimately, these effects lead to the Reduced Profitability of Abaca Farming, where
farmers experience economic setbacks due to lower yields and increased operational
expenses. With declining productivity and rising costs, abaca farming becomes less
sustainable, impacting the livelihoods of farmers who depend on this crop as their primary
source of income. This framework provides a comprehensive understanding of how viral
diseases affect the profitability of abaca farming in Maysua, Polangui, Albay.
• The diagram visually represents the relationship between the selected
theories and the impact of viral diseases on abaca farming profitability. The
Economic Loss in Agriculture Theory explains the financial consequences
of plant diseases, while the Risk & Uncertainty in Agriculture Theory
highlights how disease outbreaks create unpredictability in farm
management. These theories feed into the central issue: Viral Diseases in
Abaca (ABTV & BBrMV), which directly impact Farm Productivity by
reducing fiber output and increasing costs. Ultimately, this decline in
productivity leads to the Reduced Profitability of Abaca Farming,
demonstrating how viral infections negatively affect farmers’ incomes. The
diagram serves as a visual summary of these interactions, providing a
structured understanding of the study’s theoretical foundation.
