Here is the test in English, including all topics and designed with data analysis and short-answer
questions:
Part 1: Forces and Energy (15 questions)
1. Density
1. An object has a mass of 100g and a volume of 50 cm³. What is the density of the object?
(Unit: g/cm³)
2. Why does the density of a substance change when the temperature increases?
2. Heat and Temperature
3. Differentiate between heat and temperature.
4. Provide an example of how temperature affects the volume of a gas.
3. Conservation of Energy
5. State the law of conservation of energy.
6. In a pendulum, at which position is its potential energy the highest?
4. Moving from Hot to Cold
7. Why does the temperature equalize when hot and cold water are mixed?
8. Give an example of heat transfer in daily life.
5. Ways of Transferring Thermal Energy
9. What is the difference between conduction, convection, and radiation?
10. Why are metals good conductors of heat?
Data Analysis (Based on a table)
11-15. A table showing the initial and final temperatures of different materials is provided.
Calculate the temperature changes and draw conclusions.
Part 2: Sound and Space (15 questions)
1. Loudness and Pitch of Sound
16. What factors affect the loudness and pitch of sound?
17. Does sound travel faster in solids or gases? Explain why.
2. Interference of Sound
18. What is sound interference?
19. Provide a real-life application of sound interference.
3. Formation of the Moon
20. Explain one hypothesis about the formation of the Moon.
21. Why does the Moon influence tides on Earth?
4. Nebulae
22. What is a nebula?
23. What is the relationship between a nebula and star formation?
5. Tectonics
24. What are tectonic plates?
25. Why do tectonic plates move?
Data Analysis (Based on images or graphs)
26-30. Analyze provided images of sound wave distribution or tectonic plate movement and
answer the related questions.
Part 1: Forces and Energy (Answers)
1. Density
1. Density = Mass ÷ Volume = 10050=2 g/cm³\frac{100}{50} = 2 \, \text{g/cm³}50100
=2g/cm³.
2. The density of a substance decreases when temperature increases because the particles
move farther apart, increasing the volume while the mass remains constant.
2. Heat and Temperature
3. Heat is the total energy of particle motion, while temperature is the measure of the
average kinetic energy of particles.
4. Example: When a balloon is heated, the gas inside expands, increasing its volume.
3. Conservation of Energy
5. Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to
another.
6. The potential energy is highest at the maximum height of the pendulum's swing.
4. Moving from Hot to Cold
7. Heat transfers from the hotter water to the colder water until thermal equilibrium is
reached.
8. Example: Heat from a hot cup of coffee transfers to your hand when you touch the cup.
5. Ways of Transferring Thermal Energy
9.
o Conduction: Transfer through direct contact.
o Convection: Transfer through fluid motion.
o Radiation: Transfer through electromagnetic waves.
10. Metals have free electrons that quickly transfer energy between atoms, making them
good heat conductors.
Data Analysis
11-15. (Dependent on provided table, but typical calculations include subtracting final
temperature from initial temperature and identifying trends such as which materials absorb more
heat.)
Part 2: Sound and Space (Answers)
1. Loudness and Pitch of Sound
16.
o Loudness depends on the amplitude of the sound wave.
Pitch depends on the frequency of the sound wave.
17. Sound travels faster in solids because particles are closer together, allowing vibrations to
transfer more efficiently.
2. Interference of Sound
18. Sound interference occurs when two sound waves overlap, creating areas of
reinforcement (constructive) or cancellation (destructive).
19. Example: Noise-canceling headphones use destructive interference to reduce unwanted
sounds.
3. Formation of the Moon
20. The giant impact hypothesis suggests that the Moon formed from debris after a Mars-
sized body collided with Earth.
21. The Moon's gravitational pull creates tidal forces, causing ocean tides on Earth.
4. Nebulae
22. A nebula is a cloud of gas and dust in space, often the birthplace of stars.
23. Stars form when gravity pulls the gas and dust in a nebula together, creating nuclear
fusion.
5. Tectonics
24. Tectonic plates are large sections of Earth's crust that float on the mantle.
25. Plates move due to convection currents in the mantle caused by heat from Earth's core.
Data Analysis
26-30. (Dependent on provided images or graphs, but answers typically involve interpreting
patterns such as wave behaviors or plate boundaries.)
