A
Project Report
on
Smart Solar Lighting System with Automation
submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Mechanical Engineering
From Bikaner Technical University, Bikaner
Guided By: Submitted By:
Dr. Dilip Gehlot Dinesh Singh (21ME12)
Assistant Professor Gourav (21ME14)
Rohan Verma (22ME68D)
Yash Kumar (22ME72D)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ENGINEERING COLLEGE, AJMER
Session: 2023-24
Engineering College, Ajmer
(An autonomous institute of Govt. of Rajasthan)
Badliya Circle National Highway No. 8, Ajmer- 305025
[Link] Tel No. 0145- 2671801
Certificate
This is to certify that a project report entitled “Smart Solar Lighting System with
Automation”, submitted by Mr. Dinesh Singh (21ME12), Mr. Gourav (21ME14), Mr.
Rohan Verma (22ME68D) and Mr. Yash Kumar (22ME72D) in the partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical
Engineering is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under my guidance and
supervision at Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering College Ajmer. The results
obtained and presented herein have not been submitted in part or in full to any other University
or Institute for the award of any degree to the best of our knowledge.
Date:_________ Dr. Dilip Gehlot
Place:_________ Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Engineering College Ajmer
Barliya Chouraha, NH-8, Ajmer - 305025
i
Acknowledgements
I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all those who have supported and contributed
to the successful completion of this project.
Firstly, I am deeply thankful to Dr. Dilip Gehlot, my project supervisor, for their invaluable
guidance, insights, and encouragement throughout the course of this project. Their expertise
and constructive feedback were instrumental in shaping the direction and quality of my work.
I would also like to express my appreciation to Govt. Engineering collage Ajmer for
providing the resources and facilities necessary for the development and testing of the smart
Solar Lighting system. The support from the institution has been crucial in the successful
implementation of this project.
A special mention goes to friends for their unwavering support and encouragement. Their
understanding and patience provided me with the motivation to persevere through challenges.
Thank you all for your contributions and support.
Signature Signature Signature Signature
Dinesh Singh Gourav Rohan Verma Yash Kumar
(21ME12) (21ME14) (22ME68D) (22ME72D)
ii
Contents
Certificate .................................................................................................................................... i
Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................ii
Contents ................................................................................................................................... iii
List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... iv
List of Tables ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 1
[Link] ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 Introduction to solar lighting system ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Aim and Objectives.................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Components of the project ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2. Literature Review .................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Introduction .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.1 Key components and technologies................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.2 Literature review ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3. Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Project Planning
3.2 Research and Feasibility Study
3.3 System Design
3.4 Component Acquisition
3.5 System Assembly
3.6 Integration and Testing
3.7 Calibration and Optimization
3.8 Documentation and Reporting
3.9 Presentation and Review
4. Results and Discussion......................................................................................................... 10
5. Concluding Remarks ............................................................................................................ 11
6. References ............................................................................................................................ 12
iii
List of Figures
Figure No. Page No.
Fig. 1 Solar panel 9
Fig. 2 Solar charge controller 10
Fig. 3 Battery 12
Fig. 4 LED Lighting fixture 13
iv
Abstract
The system utilizes photovoltaic panels to harness solar energy, storing it in batteries for
nighttime illumination. LED lights, powered by the stored solar energy, provide ambient
lighting while minimizing energy consumption and reducing carbon footprint. Additionally,
motion sensors are incorporated to activate lighting when motion is detected, enhancing
security and energy efficiency.
The integration of solar-powered lighting system technology presents an eco-friendly and
versatile solution for enhancing garden functionality and aesthetics. This mini project
contributes to the advancement of sustainable technologies and offers practical insights into
the implementation of renewable energy systems in outdoor environments.
This paper explores the development and implementation of a smart solar lighting system
specifically designed for garden environments. The system leverages advanced technologies
to provide efficient, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing illumination while minimizing
environmental impact.
The development of smart solar lighting systems represents a significant advancement in
outdoor illumination technology. By combining renewable energy, intelligent control, and
innovative design, these systems offer a sustainable and efficient solution for garden lighting.
Future research and development efforts can further enhance the system's capabilities and
expand its applications.
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1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Smart Solar Lighting System
A Smart Solar Lighting System is a revolutionary, eco-friendly solution that harnesses the
power of solar energy to illuminate public and private spaces. This innovative technology
combines solar panels, energy storage batteries, smart LED lighting fixtures, and a central
control system to provide efficient and sustainable lighting. With features like automated
lighting schedules, motion-activated lighting, and remote monitoring and control, smart solar
lighting systems optimize energy consumption and reduce energy bills. Additionally, they
enhance safety and security, promote environmental sustainability, and reduce our reliance on
non-renewable energy sources. Ideal for public spaces, commercial areas, residential yards,
and industrial sites, smart solar lighting systems are a shining example of how technology can
help create a greener, more sustainable future.
Smart solar lighting systems have revolutionized outdoor lighting, offering a sustainable and
efficient alternative to traditional grid-powered solutions. These systems harness the power of
the sun to illuminate public spaces, residential areas, and commercial properties, reducing
energy consumption and environmental impact. Equipped with advanced sensors and control
mechanisms, smart solar lights can automatically adjust their brightness based on ambient
light conditions, ensuring optimal illumination while minimizing energy waste. Additionally,
these systems often feature remote monitoring capabilities, allowing for efficient
maintenance and troubleshooting.
Smart solar lighting systems have emerged as a promising solution to India's energy
challenges, offering a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional grid-powered
lighting. These systems harness solar energy to illuminate public spaces, residential areas,
and commercial establishments.
As technology continues to advance, smart solar lighting systems are becoming increasingly
affordable and efficient. Their potential to address India's energy challenges and promote
sustainable development makes them a promising solution for the future.
1.2 Aim and Objective
Aim: To provide sustainable, efficient, and intelligent lighting solutions that harness solar
energy, reduce reliance on traditional grid-based electricity, and enhance overall energy
efficiency.
Objectives:
• Make an automatic solar lighting system for garden.
• System controlled by Using dusk to down solar charged controller.
• All system will be Automatically controlled by using solar charged controller .
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1.3 Components of the Project
A smart solar lighting system combines traditional solar power technology with advanced
smart features to enhance efficiency and user control. Here are the key components of such a
system in detail:
• Solar Panels: These are the primary component that captures sunlight and converts it
into electrical energy. Typically made from silicon, solar panels are designed to be
efficient in capturing solar energy and are usually installed on rooftops or poles where
they can receive maximum sunlight.
• We have used 40 watt livguard solar PV module (LGV12VS40W)
• Charge Controller: This component regulates the voltage and current coming from
the solar panels to prevent overcharging of the battery. It ensures that the battery is
charged efficiently and safely, extending its lifespan. Charge controllers can also
manage energy usage and optimize the system’s performance.
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• Batteries: These store the energy captured by the solar panels for use when sunlight is
not available, such as during the night or on cloudy days. Lithium-ion batteries are
common due to their higher efficiency and longer lifespan compared to traditional lead-
acid batteries.
• LED Lights: LED lights are preferred in smart solar lighting systems due to their
energy efficiency, long lifespan, and low power consumption. They provide the
illumination required for various applications, such as street lighting, garden lighting,
or pathway lighting.
• Smart Features: These may include scheduling capabilities, adaptive lighting
(adjusting brightness based on time of day or activity), and integration with home
automation systems.
• Enclosures and Mounting Hardware: Weather-resistant enclosures protect the
electronic components from environmental conditions. Mounting hardware secures the
solar panels, lights, and other components in place, ensuring stability and optimal
performance. In a smart solar lighting system, the integration of these components
ensures efficient energy use, reliable performance, and enhanced user control.
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The benefits of implementing a solar lighting system with automation in a garden for a mini
project could include:
Energy efficiency: Utilizing solar power reduces reliance on traditional electricity sources,
making the lighting system more sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Cost-effectiveness: Solar energy is free and abundant, which can lead to long-term cost
savings
compared to conventional lighting systems that require electricity from the grid.
Convenience: Automation allows for the lights to turn on and off automatically based on preset
schedules or sensor inputs, providing convenience and enhancing the overall user experience.
Safety and security: Properly illuminated garden spaces improve safety and security by
reducing
the risk of accidents and deterring intruders or unwanted wildlife.
Aesthetic enhancement: Well-designed lighting can enhance the aesthetic appeal of the
garden,
creating ambiance and highlighting key features such as pathways, plants, or architectural
elements.
Overall, the objective is to create a sustainable, efficient, and user-friendly lighting solution
that
enhances both the functionality and beauty of the garden space.
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2. Literature Review
2.1Introduction
Smart solar lighting systems have emerged as a promising solution to address the global
challenges of energy efficiency, sustainability, and urban development. These systems
integrate advanced technologies such as IoT, sensors, and automation to optimize lighting
performance, reduce energy consumption, and enhance overall system efficiency.
This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of existing research and
development efforts in the field of smart solar lighting systems. By examining the current state
of the art, identifying key trends, and highlighting research gaps, this review will contribute to
the ongoing development and advancement of this technology.
2.1.1 Key Components And Technologies
Technological advancements: Exploration of recent innovations in solar panels, energy
storage systems, lighting fixtures, and control mechanisms.
IoT integration: Examination of how IoT technologies enable remote monitoring, control,
and optimization of smart solar lighting systems.
Energy efficiency and sustainability: Analysis of the environmental and economic benefits
of smart solar lighting systems compared to traditional lighting solutions.
Smart city applications: Discussion of the role of smart solar lighting in creating sustainable
and livable urban environments.
Challenges and future directions: Identification of the primary obstacles to widespread
adoption of smart solar lighting and potential avenues for future research.
By delving into these aspects, this literature review will provide valuable insights for
researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals interested in advancing the field of smart
solar lighting systems.
2.1.2 Literature Review
A literature review on smart solar lighting systems encompasses the evaluation and synthesis
of current research and developments in this field. This review typically covers several key
aspects:
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Technological Foundations: It explores the core technologies behind smart solar lighting
systems, including solar panels, energy storage solutions (such as batteries), and LED
lighting technologies. It also examines advancements in photovoltaic efficiency and energy
management.
Smart Features: The review assesses the integration of smart technologies, such as sensors,
IoT connectivity, and automated controls. It investigates how these features contribute to
energy efficiency, user convenience, and adaptability to environmental conditions.
Applications and Use Cases: This section discusses the various applications of smart solar
lighting systems, from residential and commercial uses to urban infrastructure and rural areas.
It highlights specific case studies or projects that demonstrate the practical benefits and
challenges of these systems.
Performance and Efficiency: Evaluating how these systems perform in different conditions,
including their energy efficiency, durability, and maintenance requirements, is crucial. This
includes a comparison with traditional lighting systems and other alternative energy
solutions.
Economic and Environmental Impact: The review examines the cost-effectiveness of smart
solar lighting systems, including initial investment and long-term savings. It also considers
their environmental benefits, such as reduced carbon footprint and sustainability.
Challenges and Future Directions: Finally, the review identifies current challenges, such as
technological limitations, integration issues, and market adoption barriers. It also explores
emerging trends and potential future developments in smart solar lighting technology.
By synthesizing research across these areas, the literature review aims to provide a
comprehensive understanding of smart solar lighting systems, their current state, and future
prospects.
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3. Methodology
a structured methodology for a mini project on a smart solar lighting system for a garden:
1. Project Planning
Objective Definition: Define the main goals, such as providing efficient, automated lighting
in the garden using solar energy.
Scope and Requirements: Determine the size of the garden, number of lights needed, and
specific features like motion detection or brightness control.
2. Research and Feasibility Study
Solar Energy Basics: Understand how solar panels work and their efficiency.
Lighting Technology: Research types of lights suitable for outdoor use, such as LEDs.
Smart Technology: Investigate smart lighting controls, including sensors and
microcontrollers.
3. System Design
Solar Panel Selection: Choose appropriate solar panels based on power requirements.
Lighting Design: Select LED lights with suitable brightness and durability.
Controller and Sensors: Integrate a microcontroller (like Arduino or Raspberry Pi) and
sensors (motion, light, or temperature) for smart functionalities.
Power Storage: Design the battery storage system to ensure lights are operational during non-
daylight hours.
4. Component Acquisition
Purchase Materials: Acquire solar panels, batteries, LED lights, Solar controllers and other
necessary components.
Tools and Equipment: Gather tools for assembly, like soldering irons, wiring kits, and
enclosures.
5. System Assembly
Solar Panel Installation: Install the solar panels in optimal positions to maximize sunlight
exposure.
Wiring and Connectivity: Connect the panels to the battery and lighting system, ensuring
proper wiring and safety.
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Controller Setup: Program the microcontroller to manage lighting based on sensor inputs and
time of day.
6. Integration and Testing
System Testing: Test each component individually (solar panel output, battery charging, light
operation) and then the integrated system.
Smart Features Testing: Verify functionality of smart features like motion detection or
automated dimming.
7. Calibration and Optimization
Adjust Settings: Fine-tune sensor thresholds and lighting schedules for optimal performance.
Efficiency Checks: Ensure the system is energy-efficient and meets the project’s goals.
8. Documentation and Reporting
Project Report: Document the design process, component specifications, assembly steps, and
test results.
User Manual: Create a manual for future maintenance and usage instructions.
9. Presentation and Review
Demonstration: Present the working system, highlighting its features and benefits.
Feedback: Collect feedback from peers or stakeholders for potential improvements.
This methodology ensures a comprehensive approach to developing a smart solar lighting
system for a garden, covering all stages from planning to implementation.
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4. Results and Discussion
Results:
Energy Efficiency: Significant energy savings compared to traditional lighting systems.
Lighting Performance: Adequate illumination and uniform light distribution.
Control System: Effective sensor-based control and responsive adjustments.
Economic Analysis: Positive return on investment due to long-term energy savings.
Environmental Impact: Reduced greenhouse gas emissions and contribution to sustainable
development.
Discussion:
Advantages: Improved energy efficiency, lighting quality, and control capabilities.
Challenges: Variability of solar energy generation, sensor accuracy, and initial cost.
Future Directions: Integration with smart grid, advanced control algorithms, and expanded
applications.
Overall, the smart solar lighting system demonstrated its potential for sustainable and
efficient lighting solutions.
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5. Concluding Remarks
The smart solar lighting system developed in this mini project demonstrates the potential for
sustainable and efficient lighting solutions. By harnessing solar energy and incorporating
intelligent control systems, this project has achieved significant energy savings, improved
lighting quality, and reduced environmental impact. Future research and development efforts
should focus on addressing the challenges and limitations identified, such as improving
sensor accuracy, optimizing battery storage, and integrating with smart grid technologies.
Ultimately, the widespread adoption of smart solar lighting systems can contribute to a more
sustainable and energy-efficient future.
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6. References
Research Papers and Articles:
Google Scholar: Search for keywords like "smart solar lighting system," "IoT solar lighting,"
or "energy-efficient solar street lights."
ResearchGate: Explore research papers and publications related to solar energy and smart
lighting.
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