“يا ِ
عاملا ً ال يُ َع َّلمُ”
1. Hypercyanotic spells
2.
👇
👇
3. Digoxin toxicity
👇
1. Asthma attack
GINA guidelines
Or from the lecture
“O2 is given before B agonist as B agonist causes
bronchodilation and vasodilation (which will
cause ventilation-perfusion mismatch).”
2. Anaphylactic shock
For more precise details
3. Acute epiglotitis
Extra notes 📝
4. Croup
هنا هوrapid relieve االساسي ب:مالحظة مهمة
Nebulized racemic epinephrine
5. Chocking
Same idea different
pictures 😆
2023 nal
2023 nal
fi
fi
احسن مكان الها ملزمة دكتور منيب 1. DKA
2. Hypoglycemia
👆 مهمة جدا
3. Hypocalcemia
Hypoparathyroidism مهمة كلش بحاالت ال
👉 1. Muscular pain and cramps are early manifestations; they
progress to numbness, stiffness, and tingling
2. carpopedal and laryngeal spasms.
3. Convulsions with or without loss of consciousness
4. Dka then developed coma, what happened, how, and how to treat
👉cerebral edema تتابع كلشي وايدك واملانيتول، ايدك واملانيتول
Additional notes من سمنار دكتور منيب
“ Brain edema most common cause of death of dka”
Detorition of level of consciousness or focal neurological
abnormality
Tx
elevate the bed
decrease uid rate
treat the iatrogenic cause
And give manitol
اذا مفاد املانتول
If effect respiratory do intubation and hyperventilation
fl
5. Refeeding syndrome👉Causes👉Investigations👉Management
1. Status epilepticus
ترتيب الجواب على
هذا املخطط
مخطط امللزمة لالطالع
Doses ! Important
مالحظات من شرح الطوارئ
2. GBS: it’s emergency due to risk of respiratory compromise
Booking a bed in RCU
Step one: treatment
وحدة منهم
نسوي
مو ثنينهم
بالحل
نكتب
Either
Or
Step two: pain management
ملخص الكالم
1. Either plasmapheresis
or IVIG
Step three: supportive treatment 2. Pain management
3.supportive treatment
4. Rehabilitation
-Extra-
3. Coma
تنحفظ و ماتنكتب مثل ما هي
مالحظة مهمة جدا ً :
ال GCSمال اطفال جوة االربع
سنوات يختلف عن مال adults
!Pay attention
4. Elevated ICP
وراها نعالج السبب اللي واحد
من اهم االسباب هو
meningitis
Step one : antibiotics 👉according to the age
هاي اهم
االنواع
الزم حفظ
Step two: corticosteroids
Corticosteroid Dexamethazone👉 0.15mg/kg/dose every 6hr for
2 days👉 with antibiotics administration or 2 hours afterwards
👉
Advantages
Decrease risk of sensorineural hearing loss
Step three: support
وباقي
supportiveال
منtreatment
،ملزمة دكتورة نبال
ولو اتوقع لهنا
كافي كطوارئ
2023 nal
2023 nal
fi
fi
1. Active GIT bleeding
هذا املوجود بقناة
الطوارئ…
نجي بالساليد
الجاي على اللي ان
شاء اهلل يجيب
الدرجة الحلوة
ويفيد هنا
وبالجراحة وبكل
مكان بي سيرة ال
bleeding
ويختصر ال upperو
ال🤓lower
H. Pylori investigations مهمة H. Pylori treatment
Triple therapy 1- Bismuth
subsalicylate 2 tab qid plus
metronidazole 250 mg qid
plus tetracycline 500 mg
qid.
❛ Quadruple Therapy
Omeprazole 40mg or
lansoprazole 30 mg daily
Bismuth subsalicylate 2 tab
qid metronidazole 250 mg
qid tetracycline 500 mg bid
❜
— davidson🤝
2. Hepatic encephalopathy : 2023 nal: Case hepatitis A then develops signs of
acute liver failure with hepatic encephalopathy.. outline the management
fi
Extra notes from davidson
3. Dehydration
ملزمة دكتورة
رباب وشرح
دكتور حسنني
بالسشن احسن
مكانني نقراهم
بيها
عادة يكون سؤال
الطوارئ
Plan C
In hospital
IV uid
fl
High yield‼‼‼‼‼‼
Another important example ‼‼‼
4. Poisoning
2023: outline
the
management of
poisoned child
هاي بداي ًة بدون
تحديد يكون
وراها حسب
مالزم دكتورة
منيرة اذا ذكر
نوع املادة
Kerosene ingestion:
Caustic or Corrosive Ingestion:-
Organophosphorus compounds
Acetaminophen
2023 nal
2023 nal
fi
fi
1. management of known case of G6PD with acute hemolysis
نضيف هاي النقطةknown case موpatient اذا جان ال:مالحظة مهمة
👉2-3 months after the attack perform G6PD enzyme level test
to con rm the diagnosis
fi
بس مهمةextra صح
Management aims to stop the
intake of any precipitant drugs
or foods and treat any
underlying infection. Favism
due to the consumption of fava
beans is the classically
described precipitant of
haemolysis in patients with
G6PD deficiency. Acute
transfusion support may be
life-saving.
2. ABO incompatibility ‼
-transfusionهذا اذا خالل ال-
Rh incompatibility
3. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
👉pale+ jaundice + spleen = hemolysis
Extra IMP notes
from davidson
4. Vaso-occlusive crisis in SCD
5. Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
👉Thrombocytopenia + petechiae in otherwise
healthy child (following viral illness)
Extra notes from davidson
1. Observation هاي ترة مهمة لحد يغلس عليها النقطة
2. First-line therapy for patients with spontaneous bleeding is with
high doses of glucocorticoids, either prednisolone (1 mg/kg daily)
3. Administration of intravenous immunoglobulin can raise the
platelet count by blocking antibody receptors on reticulo-
endothelial cells, and is combined with glucocorticoid therapy if
there is severe haemostatic failure
4. Persistent or potentially life- threatening bleeding should be
treated with platelet transfusion in addition to the other therapies.
6. Henoch-Schönlein Purpura HSP
؟HSP شلون نعرف بداي ًة انه الكيس بالسؤال هي
👉 Sudden development of a purpuric rash 3/3, arthritis
2/3, abdominal pain 2/3, and renal involvement 1/3.
Therapy for HSP is supportive
7. Leukostasis: medical emergency characterized by tissue
hypoxia and hypercoagulability due to an excessive number
of immature leukocytes causing microvascular obstruction
Management : “HYDRATION ‼“ is the golden standard
rule to increase intravascular volume and promote renal
excretion
8. Tumor lysis syndrome 😄 هذا كل سنة احس راح يجي
Management : “HYDRATION ‼“ is the golden standard
rule
9. Superior vena cava syndrome
14-year-old girl complained of a cough for 2 weeks which was non-
productive and worse at night. She had seen her general practitioner and
her chest was clear. She returned 2 weeks later, as she had noticed a
swelling in her neck. On examination, she had a large anterior cervical lymph
node which was non-tender. On referral to hospital, she had a chest X-ray,
which showed a large mediastinal mass.
Final 2023
1. Uremic encephalopathy =
1. Rapid increase urea and creatinine
2. delerium
3. electrolytes disturbance that cannot be corrected
conservatively
For more precise
answer
2. Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Management
3. Nephrotic syndrome with sudden abdominal pain
(Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis)
1. Sepsis and meningococcemia
شرحناها قبل باملالزم وراح نكررها هنا للتذكير
👉 patient with
fever and
abnormal body
movement
presented to
hospital
unconscious
with -blue rash-
Causative
organism?
Investigation &
management ?
Extra
2. Tetanus
وية العالج نكتب انه املفروض اللي مملقح
يلقح🤝
Extra
3. Rabies prophylaxis
Septic arthritis
هاي من ملزمة دكتورة ناريمان
For more precise answer
1. Respiratory distress syndrome
2. Early neonatal sepsis
ونخليsupport مو كلها تنكتب نسوي
🤝 مالتهاantibioticsال
3. Pneumonia
؟admission وهل تحتاجemergency هل تعتبر هاي
Yes in these cases
antibioticsاختيار ال
حسب العمر بالسؤال
ampicillin and either gentamicin or cefotaxime
4. Neonatal seizures older age يختلف عن الneonates ضروري ننتبه انه العالج بال
2023
1. Basic life support
+ enumeration of
reversible
cardiopulmonary
arrest
2. Advanced life support
3. seriously injured child
4. Respiratory failure
1. Arrhythmia: Supraventricular tachycardia
🤝 هاي جبناها من سمنار دكتور مُناف وهو موضوع جديد مال هالسنة
extreme cases, an episode of SVT may cause unconsciousness
or cardiac arrest.
2. Pneumothorax
1. In young patients presenting with a
moderate or large spontaneous primary
pneumothorax, percutaneous needle
aspiration of air is a simple and well-
tolerated alternative to intercostal tube
drainage, with a 60–80% chance of avoiding
the need for a chest drain
If there is a tension pneumothorax, immediate release of the positive
pressure by insertion of a blunt cannula into the pleural space may be
beneficial, allowing time to prepare for chest drain insertion.
2. When needed, intercostal drains are inserted in the fourth, fifth or
sixth intercostal space in the mid-axillary line, connected to an
underwater seal or one-way Heimlich valve, and secured firmly
3. Necrotizing enterocolitis
the most common
cause of acute
abdomen in
premature infants.
🤍4. And more
ِ
علي ٌم( ِ
) َوفَوْقَ ُك ِّل ِذي علم ٍ َ
ْ
"بيان أن العلم من األمور التي ال يقف علی حد ينتهي إليه
بل كل ذي علم يمكن أن يفرض من هو أعلم منه"
