PASSIVE VOICE (Câu bị động)

A. Form:
S + be + V3, ed (Adv place + by O + Adv time)

Ex: The book was written by Mark Twain

The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend.
Adv of place by O Adv of time

B. How to change into the passive voice:

Active: S V O Adv place + Adv time

Passive: S BE + V3, ed Adv place + by O + Adv time

Ex:
1. John delivers the newspapers every morning.
The newspapers are delivered by John every morning.
2. My mother wrote that letter.
That letter was written by my mother.
3. They will build a new school here next month.
A new school will be built here next month.
4. He is asking me a lot of questions.
I am being asked a lot of questions.
5. She was doing her homework at that time.
Her homework was being done at that time.
6. My mother has made that cake.
That cake has been made by my mother
7. They had prepared a party before we came.
A party had been prepared before we came
Ex: - Active: Nam can do this exercise right now.
→ Passive: This exercise can be done by Nam right now.
- Active: People are going to solve the problem next month.
→ Passive: The problem is going to be solved next month.

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C/ Special cases (Câu bị động đặc biệt)
They/People say/think/believe… that S + V …
(Active) S1 (people/ they) + V1 (say/ think/ believe...) + (that) + S2 + V2.
(Passive)
C1: It + to be + V1 (ed/ V3) + that + S2 + V2.
(said/ thought/ believed…)
C2: S2 + to be + V1 (ed/ V3) + to V2 (nếu V1 và V2 cùng thì).
(said/ thought/ believed…)
to have +V2-ed/V3 (nếu V1 và V2 khác thì)

to be V2-ing (nếu V2 là thì tiếp diễn)

Ex1: People said that he was nice to his friends.

Cách 1: It was said that he was nice to his friends.
Cách 2: He was said to be nice to his friends.
Ex2: People think he stole his mother’s money.
Cách 1: It is thought that he stole his mother’s money.
Cách 2: He is thought to have stolen his mother’s money.
Ex3: They reported that the troops were coming.
Cách 1: It was reported that the troops were coming.
Cách 2: The troops were reported to be coming.

EXERCISES
1. The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plan.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Somebody has taken some of my books away.
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3. They have provided the victims with food and clothing.
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4. People speak English in almost every corner of the world.
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5. You mustn't use this machine after 5:30 p.m.
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II. Change the following sentences into the passive voice. (Special cases)
1. Some people believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
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2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. I knew that they had told him of the meeting.
______________________________________________________________________________
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4. They declared that she won the competition.
______________________________________________________________________________
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5. They rumored the man was still living.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

II. Multiple choice (get) have something done (Ved,3) I will have my eyes checked
1. We can’t go along here because the road ____________.
A. is repairing B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. repairs
2. The story I’ve just read ____________Agatha Christie.
A. was written B. was written by C. was written from D. wrote by
3. I’m going to go out and ____________.
A. have cut my hair B. have my hair cut C. cut my hair D. my hair be cut
4. Something funny ____________ in class yesterday.
A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened
5. Some film stars ____________ difficult to work with.
A. are said be B. are said to be C. say to be D. said to be

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6. Today, many serious childhood diseases ____________ by early immunization.
A. are preventing B. can prevent C. can be prevented D. prevent
7. Do you get your heating ____________ every year?
A. checking B. check C. be checked D. checked
8. All bottles ____________ before transportation.
A. frozen B. was frozen C. were frozen D. are froze
9. The telephones ____________ by Alexander Graham Bell.
A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented
10. They’ve already____________, sir. They’re on your desk.
A. typed B. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed
11. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It ____________ of cotton.
A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made
12. They had a boy ____________ that yesterday.
A. done B. to do C. did D. do
13. We got our mail ____________ yesterday.
A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver
14. Mr. Wilson is ____________ as Willie to his friend.
A. known B. knew C. is known D. know
15. Have you ____________ by a dog?
A. bite B. ever been bit C. ever been bitten D. bit
16. The room is being ____________ at the moment.
A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean
17. It ____________ that the strike will end soon.
A. is expected B. was expected C. are expected D. expected
18. It is ____________ that many people are homeless after the floods.
A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting
19. He was said ____________ this building.
A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed
20. Parrots and crows ____________ the most intelligent birds.
A. were considering B. are considered C. was considered D. considered

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