Economics Assignment: Development
Part A: Short Answer Questions
1. De ne the term ‘development’.
2. Explain the concept of ‘per capita income’.
3. Why is average income not considered a completely reliable
indicator of development?
4. What is sustainable development? Why is it important?
5. Mention two limitations of using national income as a
measure of development.
6. How does literacy rate a ect the development of a country?
Part B: True or False
Write True or False for the following statements:
1. The per capita income of a country is the total income of the
country divided by its population.
2. National development means the development of a particular
individual.
3. Life expectancy is one of the indicators used to measure the
Human Development Index (HDI).
4. Sustainable development focuses only on economic growth.
5. Per capita income is the only criterion for measuring
development.
Part C: Fill in the Blanks
1. The HDI, or Human Development Index, is published by the
__________.
2. The country with a higher HDI rank is likely to have a higher
__________ and better living conditions.
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3. Sustainable development ensures that resources are used in
a way that meets the needs of the __________ without compromising
the needs of __________ generations.
4. Countries with low __________ rates often face slow
development.
5. __________ income is an important criterion to compare the
development of di erent countries.
Part D: Matching the Columns
Match the following indicators with their descriptions:
Column A Column B
1. Per capita income a. Indicator of the average number of years a
person is expected to live
2. Life expectancy b. Focuses on meeting present needs without
harming future generations
3. Literacy rate c. Indicator of the average income earned per person in
a country
4. Sustainable development d. Percentage of people who can read
and write
5. Infant mortality rate e. Number of children dying before the age
of one per 1,000 live births
Part E: Long Answer Questions
1. Explain the di erent factors that are used to compare the
development of countries apart from income.
• Discuss indicators like health, education, and living
standards.
2. Discuss the concept of sustainable development with
examples.
• Why is it important for countries to focus on sustainability
along with economic growth?
3. What are the main challenges in achieving development in a
country like India?
• Discuss challenges such as inequality, poverty, and
environmental concerns.
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Part F: Case Study
1. Study the following case:
Country A has a high per capita income but su ers from high levels of
pollution, poor access to healthcare, and low life expectancy. On the
other hand, Country B has a moderate per capita income but o ers free
healthcare, has a high literacy rate, and a clean environment.
• Which country would you consider more developed? Justify
your answer using indicators other than per capita income.
Part G: Group Discussion Topic
• Topic: “Development vs. Environment: Can economic growth
and environmental sustainability coexist?”
• Discuss the challenges and solutions to balancing economic
development with protecting the environment.
Part H : Research Activity
1. Choose one developed and one developing country and
research the following indicators for both:
• Per capita income
• Literacy rate
• Life expectancy
• HDI rank
Compare these indicators and write a 200-word report explaining the
di erences in the development levels of the two countries.
2. Case Study: Write a short report on any one major
environmental issue (e.g., deforestation, pollution, climate change)
a ecting India’s development.
• Include its causes, e ects, and possible solutions.
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