It contains small, spindle-shaped cells of relatively uniform appearance.

The cells in
mesenchyme are highly migratory and can differentiate into various cell types

1. What is the overall level of financial literacy among Grade 12 students?

2. How do various factors influence Grade 12 students' financial knowledge?
a. Socioeconomic background
b. Parental influence
c. Quality of Education
d. Access to financial resources
3. What misconceptions or gaps in understanding exist regarding essential
financial literacy among Grade 12 students?
a. Budgeting
b. Saving
c. Investing
d. Managing debt
4. What specific interventions can be implemented to improve financial literacy
and awareness among Grade 12 students?
Almost exclusively under skin and along developing bones of embryo; some in adult
connective tissue, especially along blood vessels.
FISHES
Fishes live in an environment that contains less than 2.5% of the oxygen present in
air. To maintain adequate levels of oxygen in their bloodstream, fishes must pass
large quantities of water across gill surfaces and extract the small amount of
oxygen present in the water.
A. Water Flow and Muscles
1. Muscles and Operculum: Most fishes have a muscular pumping mechanism
to move the water into the mouth and pharynx, over the gills, and out of the
fish through gill openings. There are muscles attached to a bony flap called
the operculum that cover the gills. These muscles help push water over the
gills and out through an opening (the gill slit).
B. Operculum Removal
2. Removing the Operculum: If we take off the operculum, we can see the
area called the branchial chamber, where the gills are located. Each side of
the fish has four gill arches. These arches are bony structures that support
the gills and provide a framework for the gill filaments.
C. Gill Arches and Filaments
3. Gill Arches and Filaments: Each gill arch has many tiny structures called
gill filaments. These filaments are important for gas exchange - they help the
fish take in oxygen from the water and release carbon dioxide.
 4. Gill Rakers: On the section of the gill arch, you can also see gill rakers.
These are small, comb-like structures that stick out and help catch food and
debris from the water, preventing them from entering the gills.
D. Gill Filaments Structure
5. Dissection of a Gill Filament: If we look closely Gill filaments extend from
each gill arch and include vascular folds of epithelium, called pharyngeal
lamellae. Branchial arteries carry blood to the gills and into gill filaments. The
arteries break into capillary beds in pharyngeal lamellae. Gas exchange
occurs as blood and water move in opposite directions on either side of the
lamellar epithelium.
6. Opposite Direction of Flow: The water flows over the gills in one direction
(indicated by blue arrows), while the blood flows in the opposite direction.
This arrangement helps maximize the amount of oxygen that the fish can
absorb from the water.
7. This countercurrent exchange mechanism provides very efficient gas
exchange by maintaining a concentration gradient between the blood and the
water over the entire length of the capillary bed. This arrangement allows
more efficient gas exchange than would be permitted by concurrent flow.
Some fish need to swim to get enough oxygen from the water. For example, certain
types of fish, like tuna they keep water flowing over their gills by swimming with
their mouths open. This is called "ram ventilation."
Other fish, like freshwater eels, can travel on land when it rains, using their skin to
breathe instead of their gills. Electric eels have weak gills, so they need to get extra
oxygen by breathing through the inside of their mouths.
There are also fish, like Anabas, that spend a lot of time on land and breathe using
special air chambers above their small gills. Some fish move water over their gills
using a different method. Instead of using a flap called an operculum (which many
fish have), these fish use gill bars with flaps that close to create a space for water to
flow over their gills.

AMPHIBIANS
Terrestrial animals expend much less energy moving air across gas exchange
surfaces than do aquatic organisms, because air contains 20 times more oxygen per
unit volume than does water. On the other hand, exchanges of oxygen and carbon
dioxide require moist surfaces, and the exposure of respiratory surfaces to air may
result in rapid water loss.
Most amphibians, except for plethodontid salamanders, possess lungs.
The lungs of salamanders are relatively simple sacs. The lungs of anurans are
subdivided, increasing the surface area for gas exchange. Pulmonary (lung)
ventilation occurs by a buccal pump mechanism. Muscles of the mouth and pharynx
create a positive pressure to force air into the lungs.
Lungs can compensate for this limitation by increasing gas-exchange rates in
proportion to an amphibian’s changing metabolic demands. Amphibian larvae and
some adults respire using external gills. Cartilaginous rods that form between
embryonic pharyngeal slits support three pairs of gills. During metamorphosis, the
gills are usually reabsorbed, pharyngeal slits close, and lungs become functional.
Evolutionary loss of lungs probably occurred in an ancestral plethodontid lineage
that occupied swift streams where lungs would have conferred too much buoyancy,
and where water is so cool and well oxygenated that cutaneous respiration suffices.
Some plethodontids have aquatic larvae whose gills are lost at metamorphosis.

Others retain a permanently larval form with gills throughout life. Many others are
completely terrestrial and bear the distinction of being the only vertebrates to have
neither lungs nor gills at any stage of their life history. It is odd that the most
completely terrestrial salamanders evolved in a group that lacks lungs.

A. Drawing Air In:

 Lowering the Mouth Floor: The frog starts the breathing process by
lowering the floor of its mouth. This action creates a vacuum effect. When the
inside of the mouth becomes lower, it causes pressure to drop, which pulls air
in through the frog’s nostrils (the two openings on its snout).
 Nostril Function: The nostrils are essential because they allow air to enter
the frog’s body. Frogs can close their nostrils when needed to keep water out,
especially when they’re in the water.
B. Forcing Air Into the Lungs:
 Closing the Nostrils: After the air has been drawn into the mouth, the
nostrils close. At this point, the glottis (an opening that leads to the lungs) is
open.
 Elevating the Mouth Floor: To push the air into its lungs, the frog elevates
(raises) the floor of its mouth. This action compresses the air within its
mouth, increasing the pressure and forcing the air down into the lungs
through the open glottis. This is where the term "positive-pressure breathing"
comes from— the frog is actively pushing the air in.
C. Ventilation Without Air Transfer:
 Rhythmic Ventilation: Now that the air is in the lungs, the frog can engage
in a rhythmic process of moving air around in the mouth without transferring
it back and forth. While the glottis is closed, air can circulate in the mouth
 cavity. This helps the frog maintain a sufficient level of oxygen even if the air
isn’t actively being cycled in and out.
D. Emptying the Lungs:
 Muscle Contraction and Elastic Recoil: To exhale, the frog doesn’t just let
the air escape passively. Instead, it actively contracts muscles in its body,
particularly in the chest wall, which helps to compress the lungs and push air
out. Additionally, the lungs themselves are elastic, which means they can
return to their original shape after being stretched. This elasticity helps in
forcing out the remaining air efficiently.

REPTILES
Nonavian reptiles exchange gases across internal respiratory surfaces to avoid
losing large quantities of water. A larynx is present; however, vocal cords are usually
absent. Cartilages support the respiratory passages of nonavian reptiles, and lungs
are partitioned into spongelike, interconnected chambers. Lung chambers provide a
large surface area for gas exchange

In most nonavian reptiles, a negative-pressure mechanism is responsible for lung

ventilation. A posterior movement of the ribs and the body wall expands the body
cavity, decreasing pressure in the lungs and drawing air into the lungs. Air is
expelled by elastic recoil of the lungs and forward movements of the ribs and body
wall, which compress the lungs. The ribs of turtles are a part of their shell; thus,
movements of the body wall to which the ribs attach are impossible. Turtles exhale
by contracting muscles that force the viscera upward, compressing the lungs. They
inhale by contracting muscles that increase the volume of the visceral cavity,
creating negative pressure to draw air into the lungs.

BIRDS
The respiratory system of birds is extremely complex and efficient. It consists of
external nares, which lead to nasal passageways and the pharynx. Bone and
cartilage support the trachea. A special voice box, called the syrinx, is located
where the trachea divides into bronchi. The muscles of the syrinx and bronchi, as
well as the characteristics of the trachea, produce bird vocalizations. The bronchi
lead to a complex system of air sacs that occupy much of the body and extend into
some of the bones of the skeletal system (figure 21.11a). The air sacs and bronchi
connect to the lungs. The lungs of birds are made of small (400 μm) air tubes called
parabronchi. Air capillaries about 10 μm in diameter branch from the parabronchi
and are associated with capillary beds for gas exchange
Inspiration and expiration result from increasing and decreasing the volume of the
thorax and from alternate expansion and compression of air sacs during flight and
other activities. During breathing, the movement of the sternum and the posterior
ribs compresses the thoracic air sacs. Contraction of flight muscles also distorts the
furcula. Alternate distortion and recoiling helps compress and expand air sacs
between the bone’s two shafts. The pattern of airflow though the avian respiratory
system is unidirectional, and two ventilatory cycles are required to move a given
volume of air through the system. When first inspired, a volume of air flows down
the trachea, through the syrinx, and into the bronchi. From there, the air enters a
specialized bronchial tube inside the lung called the mesobronchus. The
mesobronchus then transports most of that air into abdominal air sacs. During the
first expiration, air is forced from the abdominal air sacs into the lungs, where the
air is sieved by the parabronchi and associated capillaries. Most of the gas
exchange occurs via a counter-current exchange mechanism associated with the
capillaries. The second inspiration forces the air, now full of carbon dioxide, into
anterior air sacs. These sacs are compressed during the second expiration, forcing
air into the trachea, and out of the nostrils (figure 21.11)

Because of high metabolic rates associated with flight, birds have a greater rate of
oxygen consumption than any other vertebrate. When other tetrapods inspire and
expire, air passes into and out of respiratory passageways in a simple back-and-
forth cycle. Ventilation of respiratory surfaces is interrupted during expiration, and
much “dead air” (air not forced out during expiration) remains in the lungs. The
unique system of air sacs and parabronchi, however, provide bird lungs with a
nearly continuous movement of oxygen-rich air over respiratory surfaces during
both inspiration and expiration. The quantity of dead air in the lungs, therefore, is
sharply reduced.

Interestingly, evidence of a similar unidirectional airflow exists in the lung spaces of

crocodylians. Although the systems in birds and crocodylians differ structurally, this
finding suggests that unidirectional flow evolved early in the archosaur lineage, and
that efficient gas exchange mechanisms contributed to their survival through the
mass extinction of other dinosaurs.
This avian system of gas exchange is more efficient than that of any other tetrapod.
In addition to supporting high metabolic rates, this efficient gas exchange system
probably also explains how birds can live and fly at high altitudes, where oxygen
tensions are low. During their migrations, bar-headed geese (Anser indicus) fly over
the peaks of the Himalayas at altitudes of 9,200 m. (A human can begin to feel
symptoms of altitude sickness at 2,500 m, and experienced mountain climbers can
function at altitudes up to about 7,500 m without auxiliary oxygen supplies.)
Understanding the Air Sacs
 Air Sacs: Birds have a set of air sacs located in their bodies. These sacs help
store air and allow for a continuous flow of oxygen.
 Bilateral System: This means that birds have air sacs on both sides of their
body.
Breathing Cycle
Bird breathing is different from how humans breathe because it requires two full
breaths (or cycles) for air to completely move through their system.
First Breath
1. Inhale (First Breath):
o When a bird inhales, air flows into the lungs and fills the air sacs.

o This air is called dark blue air in our description.

2. Air Passes Through:

o After the bird inhales, the air moves through a part of the lungs called
the parabronchi, where the oxygen from the air is absorbed into the
blood.
Exhale (First Flow Begins)
3. Exhale (First Breath):
o As the bird exhales, the air in the air sacs is pushed out of the bird's
body. This air is no longer fresh and is called carbon dioxide-rich air.
Second Breath
4. Inhale (Second Breath):
o Following the first exhale, the bird inhales again.

o Now, this incoming air is light blue air. It enters the lungs and fills the
air sacs again.
5. New Air Movement:
o While this new light blue air comes in, the old air from the first breath
is still being discharged from the body.
Complete Airflow
6. Exhale (Second Flow Ends):
o Finally, when the bird exhales again, it pushes out the carbon dioxide-
rich air, completing the cycle.
MAMMALS
high metabolic rates require adaptations for efficient gas exchange. Most mammals
have separate nasal and oral cavities and longer snouts, which provide an increased
surface area for warming and moistening inspired air. Respiratory passageways are
highly branched, and large surface areas exist for gas exchange. Mammalian lungs
resemble a highly vascular sponge, rather than the saclike structures of amphibians
and a few nonavian reptiles Mammalian lungs, like those of avian and nonavian
reptiles, inflate using a negative-pressure mechanism. Unlike the reptiles, however,
mammals possess a muscular diaphragm that separates the thoracic and abdominal
cavities. Inspiration results from a contraction of the diaphragm and expansion of
the rib cage. These actions create a negative intrathoracic pressure, drawing air into
the lungs. Expiration is normally by elastic recoil of the lungs, relaxation of the
diaphragm, and settling of the rib cage. These actions decrease the volume and
increase the pressure within the thoracic cavity, thus forcing air out of the lungs.
The contraction of other thoracic and abdominal muscles can produce forceful
exhalation

(A) Human Lungs:

The lungs are vital organs in our body responsible for breathing. We have two lungs,
the right lung and the left lung, which help us take in oxygen and get rid of carbon
dioxide.
 Right Lung in Section: When we say "shown in section," it means that the
right lung is cut open to show its inner structure. This allows us to see how
the lung is organized and how air moves through it.
(B) Terminal Portion of Bronchiole:
The bronchioles are small airways in the lungs that lead to the air sacs (also known
as alveoli) where gas exchange occurs.
 Air Sacs with Blood Supply: The air sacs are tiny balloon-like structures
where oxygen from the air enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is
removed. These sacs are surrounded by tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that
allow the exchange of gases.
 Arrows Showing the Direction of Blood Flow: The arrows indicate the
path that blood takes as it flows into and out of these blood vessels. This flow
is crucial because it ensures that oxygen-rich blood is carried to the body and
that carbon dioxide is removed.
Key Parts of the Respiratory System
1. Nose (Nasal Cavity):
o The nose is the part of your face that you see. Inside the nose, there’s
a space called the nasal cavity.
o Air enters the body through the external nares (the openings of the
nose).
o The bottom of the nose is made up of bones called the palatine
bones and maxillae.
o The inside of the nasal cavity is lined with ciliated mucosa, which
helps trap dirt and germs from the air.
2. Pharynx (Throat):
o This is a tube that connects the nose and mouth to the larynx and
esophagus.
o It has three parts:

 Nasopharynx: Behind the nose, with openings that connect to

the ears (auditory tubes) and the nasal cavity.
 Oropharynx: Behind the mouth, just below the nasopharynx
and leads to the larynx.
 Laryngopharynx: The bottom part that leads to both the larynx
(voice box) and the esophagus (tube to the stomach).
3. Larynx (Voice Box):
o This is the part of the throat that contains the vocal cords and is
responsible for making sounds.
o It is made of cartilage, with a prominent piece called the Adam's
Apple.
o The epiglottis is a flap that covers the opening of the larynx when
swallowing, preventing food from entering the windpipe.
4. Trachea (Windpipe):
o This is a long tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi (the two
main passages to the lungs).
o It runs down the neck and is held open by rings of cartilage.

o The trachea divides into two branches called the right and left
bronchi.
 5. Bronchi and Bronchioles:
o The bronchi then split into smaller branches called bronchioles that
lead to the tiny air sacs called alveoli.
o The bronchioles create a network that allows air to efficiently reach the
alveoli.
6. Alveoli (Air Sacs):
o These tiny sacs are where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
happens. They fill with air and allow oxygen to pass into the blood
while removing carbon dioxide.

(A) Human Lungs: Imagine the lungs as two big balloons inside your chest that
help you breathe. The right lung is usually a bit bigger and has three parts (or
lobes), while the left lung has two parts because it needs to make room for the
heart. When we look at a “section” of the right lung, it means we’re viewing it cut
open so we can see what’s inside. This can show us the different parts of the lung,
like the bronchi (large airways), smaller bronchioles, and the tiny air sacs (alveoli)
where gas exchange happens.
(B) Terminal Portion of Bronchiole: This refers to the smallest branches of the
airways before they lead into the air sacs. The "terminal" part is where the
bronchioles finish and connect to the alveoli. These air sacs are like tiny balloons at
the end of the airways that fill up with air when you breathe in.
Air Sacs and Blood Supply: The alveoli are really important because they are
where oxygen from the air you breathe enters your blood, and carbon dioxide (a
waste gas) leaves your blood to be exhaled. Each air sac is surrounded by tiny blood
vessels called capillaries, which are very thin and allow for this gas exchange to
happen easily.
Direction of Blood Flow: The arrows indicating blood flow show how the blood
moves through the lungs. Oxygen-poor blood (which needs oxygen) travels to the
lungs through larger blood vessels, gets oxygen from the air in the alveoli, and then
oxygen-rich blood goes back to the heart to be sent out to the rest of your body.

Human lungs have a total surface area of from 50 to 90 m2— 50 times the area of
the skin surface—and contain 1000 km of capillaries. A large surface area is
essential for the high oxygen uptake required to support the elevated metabolic
rate of endothermic mammals.

The Indian climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) spends its life almost entirely on
land. These fish, like most bony fishes, have gas chambers called pneumatic sacs.
In nonteleost fishes and some teleosts, a pneumatic duct connects the pneumatic
sacs to the esophagus or another part of the digestive tract. Swallowed air enters
these sacs, and gas exchange occurs across vascular surfaces. Thus, in the Indian
climbing perch, lungfishes, and ancient rhipidistians (extinct sarcopterygians),
pneumatic sacs function(ed) as lungs. In other bony fishes, pneumatic sacs act as
swim bladders

Lungs are likely more primitive than swim bladders. Much of the early evolution of
bony fishes occurred in warm, freshwater lakes and streams during the Devonian
period. These bodies of water frequently became stagnant and periodically dried.
Having lungs in these habitats could have meant the difference between life and
death. On the other hand, the later evolution of modern bony fishes occurred in
marine and freshwater environments, where stagnation was not a problem. In these
environments, the use of pneumatic sacs in buoyancy regulation would have been
adaptive

(a) Pneumatic sacs may have originally developed from ventral

outgrowths of the esophagus. Many ancient fishes probably used
pneumatic sacs as lungs. (b) Primitive lungs developed further during
the evolution of vertebrates. Internal compartmentalization increases
surface area for gas exchange in land vertebrates. (c) In most bony
fishes, pneumatic sacs are called swim bladders, and they are modified
for buoyancy regulation. Swim bladders are dorsal in position to
prevent a tendency for the fish to “belly up” in the water. Pneumatic
duct connections to the esophagus are frequently lost, and gases
transfer from the blood to the swim bladder through a countercurrent
exchange mechanism called a rete mirabile and the gas gland. The
ovale, at the posterior end of the swim bladder, returns gases to the
bloodstream. Gas return is regulated by muscles of the ovale, which
are illustrated as circular structures between the swim bladder and
ovale.

The swim bladder serves this purpose in bony fishes (see Figure 24.26). It arose
from the paired lungs of primitive Devonian bony fishes. Lungs were probably a
ubiquitous feature of Devonian freshwater bony fishes when warm, swampy
habitats would have made such an accessory respiratory structure advantageous
Swim bladders are present in most pelagic bony fishes but are absent in tunas,
most abyssal fishes, and most bottom dwell ers, such as flounders and sculpins
Without a swim bladder, bony fishes sink because their tissues are denser than
water. To achieve neutral buoyancy, they displace additional water by a volume of
gas in a swim bladder, thus adjusting their total density to match that of the
surrounding water. This adjust ment allows fishes with a swim bladder to remain
suspended indefi nitely at any depth with no muscular effort. Unlike bone, blood,
and other tissues, gas is compressible and changes volume as a fish changes its
depth. If a fish swims to a greater depth, the greater pressure exerted by the
surrounding water compresses the gas in the swim bladder, so that the fish
becomes less buoyant and begins to sink. The volume of gas in the swim bladder
must be increased to establish a new equilibrium buoyancy. When a fish swims
upward, gas in the bladder expands because of the reduced surrounding water
pressure, making the fish more buoyant. Unless gas is removed, the fish continues
to ascend with increasing speed as the swim bladder continues to expand.

The buccal cavity floor is lowered, drawing air in through the nostrils. B, With
nostrils closed and glottis open, frogs force air into lungs by elevating the buccal
cavity floor. The buccal cavity may be ventilated rhythmically for a period before the
lungs are emptied by contraction of body-wall musculature and by elastic recoil of
lungs.

"Love Through the Years" highlights the experiences of long-term couples, whether
married or cohabiting, and the distinctive elements that contribute to their enduring
satisfaction. It suggests that love evolves over time, acknowledging the challenges
relationships encounter along the way. The title evokes a sense of journey,
emphasizing how couples cultivate coping strategies to navigate difficulties and
sustain their relationship satisfaction throughout the years.

It acknowledges that relationships encounter various trials as they evolve, such as

communication difficulties, financial pressures, and the stresses of daily life. By
examining these specific challenges faced by long-term couples, the research seeks
to shed light on the realities of maintaining a loving partnership throughout different
life stages. The title suggests a journey, emphasizing how couples develop coping
strategies over time to navigate obstacles and preserve their relationship
satisfaction. By including both married and cohabiting couples, the study will
explore how different relationship structures influence the strategies used to sustain
emotional connections and resilience.
Cnidaria-Identifythenematocytesandnematoblastcellspresent in theectoderm.
Locatethesensoryneuronssandwichedbetweenthe
ectodermalepithelialcells.Characterizethemesogleaunderneaththe ectoderm.
Enumerate the typesof cellspresent in theendoderm.
Takepicturesofeachlayerandlabelthecells

Cnidaria-Identifythenematocytesandnematoblastcellspresent in
theectoderm. Locatethesensoryneuronssandwichedbetweenthe
ectodermalepithelialcells.Characterizethemesogleaunderneaththe
ectoderm. Enumerate the typesof cellspresent in theendoderm.
Takepicturesofeachlayerandlabelthecells
 ]

The individual does not engage in the typical processes that lead to the formation of
thoughts. This could indicate a state of mental disengagement or a cognitive block,
where the usual pathways for thinking and reasoning are not activated. The
individual is experiencing stress but is actively employing coping mechanisms to
manage their feelings. While they are aware of the stressors in their life, they are
also engaging in avoidance strategies to steer clear of negative thoughts that may
exacerbate their anxiety.
[00:00:01] So good afternoon po. Veronica Flores. So we are from Pamantasan ng
Lungsod ng Maynila. We are third year Bachelor of Science Psychology students. So
mayroon po kaming gagawin na thesis about infidelity, coping, satisfaction and
long-term couples. So kayo po yung participant namin for married couples. We have
a lot of, meron po kaming mga ilang questions tungkol po sa relationship niyo with
your husband. So let's start po. So first is, tell how long have you been married
together?

[00:00:29] Uh, twenty-one years.

[00:00:31] Okay. So, kayong dalawa, ganun yung talagang relationship.

[00:00:36] So how did your relationship, relationship start? So can you give a little
slight or kwento about your, kung paano po nagsimula yung relationship niyo?

[00:00:43] Yung boyfriend-girlfriend?

[00:00:45] Kung paano po yung marriage. Ilan months?

[00:00:47] Ah. So, serious kaming naging mag-boyfriend-girlfriend for two years.
Then, yung last year po, graduating na ako, medyo nag-ning mabusog. So may
nangyari. So tapos um, syempre yung family ko medyo conservative sila, lalo na
yung grandfather ko na. Sa akin kasi, okay lang na hindi kami agad ikasal. Kaya lang
sa mga grandparents po ayaw nila. So pinilit nila na magpakasal kami immediately.
So nag-2003 lahat ng nangyari. Nag-graduate ako ng May 2003 and nanganak ako
kay Bryan June 14, 2003. So lahat po ng 2003 yun.

[00:01:42] So ano siya talagang, hindi ko naman sinasabing hindi ko gusto yung
nangyari kami. Kaya kasi okay lang kami ng husband ko na ikasal. Kaya lang siguro
po bigyan kami ng mas mahabang time para mag prepare. Baka mas maging
financially stable pa kami. Yun sana.

[00:01:59] So what are the things you like about your marriage relationship?

[00:02:03] Ah. Sa doon kasi, iba po kung lahat ng mga kabataan, darating din na
parang ah, pag sa relationship parang may kaagaw ka lagi. Yung time na ang
kaagaw ko sa kanya ay yung gitara niya at saka yung paglalaro niya ng computer.
So lahat ng yun nawala yun. Lahat ng yun nawala yun noong ah, nagkakatagal na
kami.

[00:02:26] So dati ako yung, ako yung mature, tapos siya yung parang inaalagaan
ko. Pero ngayon parang feeling ko ako yung inaalagaan ko.

[00:02:37] Parang baliktad.

[00:02:38] Oo baliktad. So pakita, pakita, siguro nakikita niya kasi dahil pagod ako
lagi sa work. Tapos kasi medyo mas malakas siya saka mas ano siya. So hindi ako
nagluluto sa bahay. Yun. So ang ginagawa ko doon sa bahay more on paglilinis. So
kung naabutan niyo akong magkalat yung bahay that means yung luto ng paglilinis
ko kasi. Kasi yun yung ginagawa ko sa bahay, maglilinis yan. Pero pagdating sa luto
saka siya yung hindi ako gumawa. Siya po talaga yung.

[00:03:03] Maaalala, yes. So ano siya kinakatakutan siya ng lahat ng kasama.

Kinakatakutan siya ng lahat ng nilalabas yan. May respeto sa kanya yung mga anak
ko. Kasi siya parang barkada ko lang ano. Parang tropa tropa lang sa mga anak.
Pero siya pag siya tumingin nagsasabi na kinakatakutan siya ng mga anak ko. Pero
ah, loving naman siya sa kanyang mga anak. So lalo na yung mga medyo pasaway
na anak ko, kung sinong pasaway na anak ko, ma rerecollect pa niya yung story ng
boy, bata. So ano yun parang gawa-gawa ng kwento na random, na story tell sa
bata. So kahit na matigas yung puso niya pero pagdating sa mga anak niya ano
naman siya ah, kind hearted naman siya yun. Kaya lang nakakatakot ka sa kanya,
ayaw mo siyang gagalitin. Kasi pag nagalit siya yun marami siyang gagawa na
unexpected na mga salita. Talagang sa kasi hindi naman ako sinasaktan na may
nasisira ng gamit. Nasisirang pinto, nasisirang ganito ano ganun. So yun ganun
lang. So ang recent niyang nagiging masungit siya para ito lang sa bunso namin.
Alam mo na meet yung bunso namin si Christian.

[00:04:11] Christian po.

[00:04:12] So yung recent na naging masungit siya ay doon kasi medyo salbahe
yung bata. Medyo spoiled brat kasi nga din kasi siya. So talagang yung nasaktan
talaga yung bata. Pero yung bunso dahil matalino siya sinasabi niya sabi ko, "Mama
ano po?" Sabi niya, "Mama, ano po?" So instead na mapaganun siya bumalik yung
kamay niya tapos umalis na lang siya. Sabi ko alam ko na naman na ganun na siya.
So ayaw niya kasi ng ganun. Medyo.
[00:04:44] Manlambot yung puso niya sa mga anak, lalo na yung bunso kasi. Pero
sa akin naman yun, masarap po. Sa akin um, ah, sabi ko parang, para kasi akong
rayuma eh.

[00:04:52] Ah.

[00:04:52] Ano kasi hindi ako masyadong. Sabi ko, "Hindi ako maangal." Oo
masyado na akong ano kaya lang ah, ah, pati yung damit ko ano siya ng boyfriend
kanina, chinecheck yung damit ko. Ganun. Hanggang ngayon ginagawa pa rin
naman. Yung shorts mo ganito tapos ano okay mo, bakal kita yan. Ganun pa rin
siya. Ganun siya, ganun siya ganun siya sa akin and gusto niya ganun din yung sa
boyfriend sa mga anak. Ganun din yung nanliligaw sa anak ko ganun din. Hindi ko
sabihin yung ugali niya pero protective talaga siya. Protective po talaga. Hindi lang
sa akin, sa lahat ng mga babae. Pero more sa anak niya, sa asawa niya yun.

[00:05:32] So ano po, so tingin niyo po ano po yung mga nagco-contribute sa

satisfaction relationship niyo? Pwede po bang mag list kayo ng mga ano and explain
po kung bakit.

[00:05:41] Nagco-contribute saan?

Part 2

[00:00:00] Nagta-try na rin namin yun. Nag-ride kami. Dalawa lang kami. May
bonding time kami. Nag-try nagta-try na rin namin yun. Yung mga ano. Yung bunso?
Ay hindi. Hindi naman. Yun ang kailangan pag may kuya tsaka ate na. Kami
tagapag-alaga. Messages mo na lang ba? Mahal na kayong isa ganun, hindi ko alam
pero ganun na lang. So ano po yung ano mga ways na ginagawang, paano po kayo
nagco-cope sa mga challenges niyo together para ma-improve po yung overall
satisfaction niyo?

[00:00:33] Nagco-cope sa mga challenges. Alam ba po na away po? Baka ano luma-
luma-lumalabas pag-uusapan na lang po kami. Depende sa pinag-uusapan. May
mababaw kasi na minsan dapat pag-uusapan din. Oo. Sinabi na parang feeling ko
pag-uusapan pala laki na. Oo ganun. Pero pag-uusapan mga bagay na pag ah hindi
na kanipang pag-uusapan kasi sobrang babaw. Ganun. Pero minsan pag yung times
na alam mo yung naglalambing siya. Oo. Mga ganun mga feelings na papakalma
lang sa inyong konti. Mga ganun. Pero hindi, pero hindi naman siya ganun ka-ano.
Kasi mababaw lang yung mga anak namin. Medyo di kayo mga ano eh. Mga na-oo-
o-o ayan. Kasi siya kasi ma ano siya eh. Matakutin. Yung ganun. Yes. Yung ganun
lang nangyayari. Sabi nila mga ano kasi na-i-intimidate ako. Pagka nakita din ng
gumaganun. Yun dati naman ganun sila. Ayun. Kaya lang nakikita ganun pero si
Bryan hindi kaya yung mga ganun. Kaya yung parang. Kasi syempre yung mga
babae yan. Kayo kung paano kayo nag-show-show ng ano sa kanila. Ako, ako.

[00:01:42] Parang natatawa ako sa sinasabi. Parang natatawa ako sa ginagawa.

Parang hindi. Parang wala. Hindi ano. Ano um, ayun diba kasi matigas siya. Pagka
kaya ko doon sa ginagawa niya yun. Kasi most of the time siguro mga ninety
percent talaga ginagawa. Ay ganun. Ayun. Hindi ako talaga eh. Pero pag siya yung
ganun hindi ako nagri-react ako. Parang parang ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon
eh. Talagang pinata-pata-pata patawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung
parang ma-present yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon. Eh talagang
pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present yun. Saka yung
ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako
naman yung parang ma-present yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon
eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present
yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon eh. Talagang pinatawad kami
ganun na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya
more on kasi doon eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung
parang ma-present yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon eh. Talagang
pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present yun. Saka yung
ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako
naman yung parang ma-present yun. Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon
eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present.
Saka yung ano ko sa kanya more on kasi doon eh. Talagang pinatawad kami ganun
na siya. Ako naman yung parang ma-present.

[00:02:55] Parang iba nagiging hands on po muna kayo sa mga ano bago po sa
inyong dalawang.

[00:02:59] Ganun.

[00:03:00] Tingin niya may edad na tayo. Ano pa natin gagawin.

[00:03:03] Time na natin dalawa.

[00:03:05] May ganun may mga ganung times na na, ah, nagiging ano niya,
nagiging ano. Hindi naman issue pero napag-uusapan. Pag-uusapan niyo pong
dalawa. Ganun po yung sa amin. Ganun po yung sa amin. Oo.

[00:03:17] So meron po bang mga strategies niyo na ginagawa niyo na parang

nakaka-hinder po ba sa relationship niyo? Nakaka-hinder. Oo parang medyo, opo
hindi niyo po gusto yung ganitong ginagawa niyo po parang hindi. Ang ganun. Ah
okay yung bagay na alam kong magagalit siya ganun. Ganun. Meron din po palang
mga nakaka-turn off. Nakaka-turn off yung ginagawa. Ayaw. Ano ayaw niyo po? Ah
ginagawa ko. Ginagawa niyo po pwede pong ano sa inyong relationship ginagawa?
Ah okay. Naniniwala kami ganun. Pinaka-ano siguro na ginagawa namin para mas
maayos na parang makaka-tama yung relationship namin para ganun. Ayun yung
pagsasabi. Ayun yung pagsasabi ng galit. Kasi nga yun pag nagagalit ka hindi mo na
pipiliin yung right words. Though maganda yung intention mo pero hindi mo
nasasabi ng tama. Tapos crowded po with emotions mo kasi. So yun isa yun. So lalo,
lalo siya. Lalo siya. Medyo ano siya pag siya yung nagagalit. Tuloy-tuloy, tuloy-tuloy.
Tsaka ang pinaka yun yung ano ko din medyo ano siya eh dominating siya pag
nagtatalo na kami. Oo. Parang kung sasalita parang ganun. Magalit ako pag sasalita.
Parang ganun. May ano ko sa kanya.

[00:04:43] Kaya inaan talaga namin talagang pag siya yung baba sa bahay. Maayos
na lang kami. Kasi pag siya pagkatapos kasi sabi ko ganun. Ganun. So yun. Yung
ano lang yung pagsama ng emotions pag nag-uusap kami. So sa mga nasabi niyo
po ano po yung mga lessons na natutunan niyo sa relationship throughout the
years? Lessons. Parang marami na ano. Parang hindi ko na nga ma-feel ko ano.
Pinaka ano talaga eh. Siguro ano um, ito yung sinabi kasi yung diba yung
pagkinakasama mo na parang pagka nag-asawa ka na dapat ang priority mo talaga
yung asawa mo. Doon pag hindi mo siya kadugo at ang kadugo mo ay anak mo.
Kasi dapat diba dapat mas anak parang ano. Talagang kakalimutan mo. Dapat ang
una talaga ay siya. Kasi at the end of the day pag wala na sa feeling namin kaming
dalawa kami. Kaming dalawa po talaga mag-asawa. Kaming dalawa pariyan magka-
ano. So paano kung sara na kaming dalawa. Wala na kaming kasama. Wala na
kaming kasama. So kaya yun siguro na kahit na marami kaming priority sa buhay
dapat shout out palagi.

[00:06:01] Nabibigyan ng ano.

[00:06:05] So ano po yung mga advice na mabibigay niyo po sa other couples para
ma-improve po yung relationship satisfaction. Ayun. Um, yun nga kasi hindi kasi
kami ma-i-love you. Hindi kami masalitang ano. Kasi nga parang ganun. Totoong
sabi natin kanina marami kaming ways para. Oo. Para sabihin sa iyo na I care for
you, I love you. Ganun. Pero talagang pinaka malaki parang may iyak. Ganun.
Mahirap din ganun araw-araw kailangan mo siyang piliin. Pipiliin mo. Kahit sa inyong
pinaka ano tao na minamahal. Ako pa rin yung bibigay. Yes. Kasi yun. Yun parang
kasi syempre sa tagal namin nakita ko na yung lahat ng mga negative ano na
parang. Parang, parang maisip mo paano mo nagustuhan to. Parang ganun. Yung
sabi nga nila parang magse-set ka ng standards na ito gusto ko ganito, ganito,
ganito. Pero meet mo yung taong ito. Unang nasa standard mo pero gustong-gusto
mo diba. So pinili mo siya. Minahal mo siya. Minahal mo siya. Nag-invest kayo sa
isa't isa. So more doon sa pag-iingat. Pero yung ang mahirap talagang gawin kasi
madali yung ma- ano. Oo. Understood lang yan pag magkasama kayo. Ako teacher
ko nga mahal ko eh diba. Ako teacher ko yun kasama ko. Parang sa amin dalawa.
Kaya lang ang teacher ko pag yung makakatrabaho ko pagdating ng hapon
maghihiwalay kami diyan. Pero kaming dalawa. Parang hindi kami magkasama.
Alam namin na.

[00:07:47] Ayun.

[00:07:48] Parang.

[00:07:50] So parang doon ako medyo confident lang na kahit pakitang tao sino
man sa iba na alagaan. Ako pa rin pipiliin niya. Parang ganun. Ako pa rin ang ano
kahit magsasaya din po. Siguradong sigurado ako kahit hindi mo pa ligawan ng
isang buwan. Actually lang yun eh. Kasi pag kung nagka- kung pagkaanak diba yung
mga matatanda pag nanganak. Oo. Yung. Yes. Oo nangyari. Pero sa ano ah kahit
kahit ano na ako sa paglilinis ng tulog ko. Lahat nabibigay ko. Unang sasabihin kasi
hindi ako magaling sa mga ganun. Mahalaga po talaga sa inyo. Parang parang ano.
Lahat ng ginagawa parang wala akong nagawa sa kanila. Nagawa ko na sa kanila.
Pero ano naman ang sabi niyo lang kasi na. Kasi ano siya eh. Ah, ganito ah. Ako kasi
nag-graduate ako. Meron siyang kasi priority. Oo. Kasi nga hindi siya graduate.
Though nag-college naman siya pero hindi siya naka-graduate. So medyo babalik
mo sa sarili mo. Kaya pag siya nagagalit parang na-i-isip ko siguro parang way na
lang niya para sag, para hindi siya maging ganun. Bababa sa din kasi parang
pagdating sa ano. Sa karelasyon sa ganito sabihin niya ako na nga. Pagdating
naman sa family ikaw din ito. Parang kaya ginagawa niya. Siya yung unang
gumaganun. Talaga po yung way niya para maibsan lang yung ano niya. Pero
actually hindi po hindi hindi naman sa akin importante yun. Hindi naman. Hindi
naman siya ganun sa akin na. Ano nga yung hindi ka. The fact na may work ka may
isa work mo. Diba? Dahil yun lang yung trabaho. Oo. Tsaka pero dahil ano naman
siya.
[00:09:29] Priority naman siya. Though mahirap naman siya talagang ano naman.
Ah ginagawa ko. Yes. Ang doon namin lagi parang lagi. Ma-provide ito para sa bata.
Ma-provide ito para sa. Oo. Talagang yun totoong yun sasabihin na parang yung
mga patay daw mga plano na bibili-bili. Totoong yun. Mahalaga po talaga yung
family. Diba? Kasi ano mo yung bago mo. Kuha mo yung pagkain yung anak mo
diba. Oo. Nag-iba na po talaga yung may. Yes. Oo totoong. Yan. So sana po ma.
Hindi ganun lahat syempre or ah okay. Ayun. Pag off na magkwento ako. Sige po. So
last na po. So they have any message po para sa partner? Ah ayan. Ay ganun.

[00:10:19] Ayun.
[00:10:23] Diba umiyak na nga ako kanina eh. Ano ah siguro ay ano na lang hindi ko
na makakausapin pero ano na lang. So ah na ano nga na-prove niya na. Not only sa
parents ko, not only sa mga bata, nakita ko sa akin pero na-prove mo na sa sarili mo
na kaya mo. Na. So sorry na. Kaya lang naman. Sobrang na-proud ako sa iyo kasi.
Ako syempre mag-graduate ako. Magkakaroon ako ng magandang trabaho. Pero
ikaw though ganun ka pero tingnan mo ka nasa kung saan ka ngayon. Ang ganda ng
position mo. Ang ganda ng kinatatayuan mo. Na nagawa mo yun hindi dahil sa kung
ano bang pera. Pero because of your skills, because of your your dreams na gusto
mong ibigay para sa mga anak mo. So dahil doon mas lalo ko pang binabalik. Kasi
lahat ng nagmamahal sa anak ko. Sa akin. Sa asawa ko. Mahirap din ganun araw-
araw kailangan mo siyang piliin. Oo. Thank you. Thank you po.