Section A: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) (15 Questions)
Choose the correct option:
1. The hot molten rock inside the Earth is called:
a) Lava
b) Volcano
c) Magma
d) Plates
2. What is the name of the instrument used to detect and record earthquakes?
a) Barometer
b) Thermometer
c) Seismograph
d) Anemometer
3. Which of the following is NOT a type of volcano?
a) Active
b) Dormant
c) Extinct
d) Reactive
4. Which of these natural disasters is caused by a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust?
a) Earthquake
b) Tsunami
c) Volcanic eruption
d) Drought
5. The point inside the Earth where an earthquake starts is called:
a) Epicentre
b) Hypocentre
c) Fault line
d) Focus
6. What is the name of the molten rock that flows out of a volcano?
a) Magma
b) Lava
c) Ash
d) Crust
7. A tsunami is caused by:
a) Heavy rain
b) Earthquake under the sea
c) Strong winds
d) Hurricanes
8. What is a long period of very little or no rainfall called?
a) Tsunami
b) Famine
c) Drought
d) Cyclone
9. Which of the following is an effect of a tsunami?
a) Landslides
b) Uprooted trees
c) Floods
d) All of the above
10. What are the small tremors experienced after a big earthquake called?
a) Pre-shocks
b) Aftershocks
c) Mini-quakes
d) Faults
11. The word ‘tsunami’ comes from which language?
a) Greek
b) Latin
c) Japanese
d) Chinese
12. What should people do if they see seawater suddenly receding at a beach?
a) Run towards the water
b) Stay where they are
c) Move inland immediately
d) Call for help
13. What is the main cause of droughts?
a) Excessive rain
b) Lack of rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanic eruptions
14. Which type of volcano is not expected to erupt again?
a) Active
b) Dormant
c) Extinct
d) None of these
15. What is the best place to take shelter during an earthquake?
a) Near windows
b) Under a sturdy table
c) In an elevator
d) Next to a tall building
Section B: Fill in the Blanks (10 Questions)
1. The magma that flows out on the Earth's surface is called ______.
2. Earthquakes are measured using a ______ scale.
3. ______ is a result of an earthquake under the sea.
4. The absence of ______ causes droughts.
5. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake is called ______.
6. A volcanic eruption occurs when ______ and gases escape through cracks in the Earth’s crust.
7. ______ waves travel at great speed across the ocean during a tsunami.
8. Building ______ can be useful against drought.
9. The sudden shaking of the Earth’s surface is called ______.
10. ______ are emergency shelters built by the government during natural disasters.
Section C: One-Word Answers (10 Questions)
1. What is the scientific instrument used to measure earthquakes?
2. What is the term for the hot molten rock inside the Earth?
3. What do you call the large waves caused by underwater earthquakes?
4. What is a long period of no rainfall called?
5. What is another name for mild earthquakes?
6. What is the Japanese word for ‘harbour waves’?
7. What natural disaster occurs when plates in the Earth’s crust move suddenly?
8. What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
9. Which natural disaster can cause landslides and floods near rivers?
10. What do we call the harmful grey powder released during volcanic eruptions?
Section D: False Statements (10 Questions – Mark Only the False Ones)
1. Volcanic eruptions always happen suddenly.
2. Earthquakes only occur in coastal areas.
3. Aftershocks are stronger than the main earthquake.
4. Droughts occur due to excessive rainfall.
5. Tsunamis cannot travel inland.
6. Lava is the molten rock inside the Earth.
7. An active volcano has never erupted.
8. All earthquakes cause massive destruction.
9. Landslides are not caused by earthquakes.
10. The government does nothing to help people during natural disasters.
Section E: Match the Following (5 Questions)
Column A (Disaster Type) Column B (Cause/Effect)
1. Volcanic eruption a) Underwater earthquake
2. Tsunami b) Lack of rainfall
3. Earthquake c) Magma escaping
4. Drought d) Plates moving
5. Landslide e) Soil erosion
Section F: Assertion and Reasoning (5 Questions – Choose Correct Option)
Directions:
(A) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, and Reason explains Assertion.
(B) Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason does not explain Assertion.
(C) Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
(D) Assertion is incorrect.
1. Assertion: Earthquakes can lead to the formation of tsunamis.
Reason: The movement of tectonic plates under the sea can cause large waves.
2. Assertion: Droughts only affect human beings.
Reason: There is no water available for plants and animals as well.
3. Assertion: The government takes steps to alert people about disasters.
Reason: Governments use warning systems and evacuation plans to reduce damage.
4. Assertion: Tsunamis are caused by strong winds over the sea.
Reason: Tsunami waves are formed due to disturbances on the ocean floor.
5. Assertion: The epicentre is the point inside the Earth where an earthquake begins.
Reason: The epicentre is always located deep inside the Earth’s crust.
