TELONE CENTRE FOR LEARNING
Technical Department
CFL TE2205: Control Systems
Assignment Three
Instruction to candidate
Answer ALL Questions
DUE DATE:20/03/25
Inclass one:3/04/25
Inclass Two;10/03/25
Inclass Three:17/03/25
Question One
Give at least 2 Examples of the following transducers:[8]
Electromagnetic
Electrochemical
Electromechanical
Photoelectric
V 0 (s )
b.}For the circuit shown Fig 01 determine H(s)=
Vi(s)
c). A C-program is used to instruct the controller what to do, when and how. State the
elements of a C-program as used in control systems. [6]
Question Two
a) With aid of a sketch illustrate and explain how input switches and AC motor can be
interfaced to a microcontroller.[5]
b.)State Five reasons why interfacing is very important in control systems.[3]
c) With the aid of a diagram, explain the operation of an optocoupler. [4]
d) State five (5) control room technical specifications.[3]
e).Differentiate between a sensor and a transducer and give a example of each.[4]
Question Three
a.)State factors that have to be considered when installing PLCs [5]
b) Explain the process involved when commissioning a PLC[10]
c) Determine the transfer function of Fig 02.[10]
d.) Explain the three (3) bus concepts used in micro processors.[6]
e.)Write a C program that prompts for your name and print it out on the screen.[8]
Question Five
a) Draw the truth table and the ladder logic diagram for each of the following logic gates
1. AND gate
2. OR gate
3. Exclusive OR gate
4. NAND gate
5. NOR gate [12]
b) Using a diagram, explain the scan operation cycle of PLC.[4]
c) Sensors and transducers plays a pivotal role in control systems. State the typical
application of the following sensors:
i. Temperature Sensor.
ii. Proximity sensor
iii. Piezo Sensors
iv. Humidity Sensor.[4]
d) Explain the following ROM type memory
OTP (One Time Programmable memory),
EEPROM [2]
Question Seven
(a) Explain the manner in which a transducer can produce a signal proportional to angular
displacement. [3]
(b)Consider the block diagram given below to answer the following question
What is the transfer function of the system?
Use the block diagram below, derive the CLTF.[8]
Question 8
(a)State and describe the main components of a SCADA system?
(b)What are the advantages of using SCADA systems? [5]
(c)State the basic components that builds a microcontroller and give their functions [6]
( d).What is the purpose of a compiler in microcontroller programming? [2]
(e ). What is the purpose of interrupt handling in microcontroller programming? [2]
( f.) Explain the concept of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) in microcontroller programming.
Question 9
a. Define a Ratio Control System and provide an example. [3]
b. What are the advantages of using a Cascade Control System? [4]
c. Explain how a Feed Forward Control System works and provide an example. [10]
d. What is a Split Range Control System and when is it used? [3
] e. Suppose we have a configuration of summing point and block as given below:
Show how a summing point can be shifted to the right.[5]
Question 10
With the rapid development of agricultural modernization, all countries in the world have
increased their investment in agriculture. As a combination of technology and agriculture,
smart greenhouse has also got rapid developments. Crops planted in a relatively closed
environment, are less susceptible to the external environment and can improve crop yield and
quality. The smart greenhouse control system uses the AT89S52 microcontroller as the main
controller and the following sensors:
soil moisture sensor,
temperature sensor,
humidity sensor,
light intensity sensor,
CO2 concentration sensor,
12864 LCD screen.
Design this smart greenhouse control system paying attention to the following:
a) The system block diagram. [8]
b) The system functionality. [8]
c) Recommendations for future work. [4]
Question 11
a) What is an embedded system? [2]
b) Discuss the advantages of microcontrollers over microprocessors in control systems. [5]
c) Differentiate between the different architectures of microcontrollers. [5]
d) State the three basic modes in which control action takes place? [3]
e) Explain the basic functionality of the PID controller showing its transfer function. [5]
Question 11
a) Explain the basic principle of operation of an ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04). [4]
(b)Explain the basic principle of operation of an infrared (IR) sensor (MLX 90614). [3]
(c )What is the difference between a parallel and a serial interface? [4]
(d )State the basic components of a microcontroller .[5]
( e)State any two properties/features of embedded system.[6]
Question 12
( a) Describe the essential components of a closed-loop control system making reference to a
system with which you are familiar. In such a control system, what are the advantages and
disadvantages associated with the use of feedback? Mention the disturbance elimination
process. [10]
( b)The Laplace transform is a very powerful mathematical tool applied in various areas of
engineering and science. Laplace transforms help in solving complex problems with a very
simple approach. It has very wide applications in various areas of physics, electrical
engineering, control engineering, optics, mathematics and signal processing.
a) Provide a mathematical definition of the Laplace transform
Question 13
a) An 8-bit DAC has a voltage reference of 10V. The binary input is 10011011. Find
the analogue output voltage.[4]
b) A variable resistor is used as a position sensor. The variable resistor is configured
in such a way that 0⁰ of rotation yields 0V and 300⁰ yields 10V. Find the TF of the variable
resistor. [4]
Question 14
With the rapid development of agricultural modernization, all countries in the world have
increased their investment in agriculture. As a combination of technology and agriculture,
smart
greenhouse has also got rapid developments. Crops planted in a relatively closed
environment, are less susceptible to the external environment and can improve crop yield and
quality. The smart greenhouse control system uses the AT89S52 microcontroller as the main
controller and the following sensors:
• • soil moisture sensor,
• • temperature sensor,
• • humidity sensor,
• • light intensity sensor,
• • CO2 concentration sensor,
• • 12864 LCD screen.
Design this smart greenhouse control system paying attention to the following:
a) The system block diagram. [8]
b) The system functionality. [8]
c) Recommendations for future work.
Question 15
(a)A stepper motor is an example of an open loop control system. Explain how it operates
( c) What is the purpose of a compiler in microcontroller programming? [2]
(d) What is the purpose of interrupt handling in microcontroller programming? [2]
( e) Explain the concept of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) in microcontroller
Programming.
