Test B

1. a,b,c va x,y,z musbat sonlar uchun cy + bz = a;az + cx = b;bx + ay = c tenglik o'rinli bo'lsa
x2 y2 z2
f ( x, y, z ) = + + ning eng kichik qiymatini toping?
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
1 1 1 3
( A) ( B) ( A) ( A)
4 2 3 5
Yechish: Masala shartida berilgandan b ( az + cx − b) + c ( bx + ay − c) − a ( cy + bz − a ) = 0 ga ega bo'lamiz
b2 + c2 − a2 a2 + c2 − b2 a 2 + b 2 − c 2 a,b,c va x,y,z musbat sonlar bundan
⇒x= , y= va z =
2bc 2ac 2ab
b 2 + c 2 > a 2 , a 2 + c 2 > b 2 , b 2 + a 2 > c 2 ⇒ a, b, c sonlar o'tkir burchakli uchburchak tomonlar. Bundan
x = cos A, y = cos B, z = cosC ga ega bo'lamiz. Quyidagi funksiya hosil bo'ladi:
cos2 A cos2 B cos2 C
f ( cos A, cos B, cosC ) = + +
1+ cos A 1+ cos B 1+ cosC
ctgA = u, ctgB = v, ctgC = w ⇒ uv + vw + wu = 1 ⇒ u 2 +1 = (u + w ) (u + v ), v 2 +1 = ( v + u) ( v + w ), w 2 +1 = ( w + v ) ( w + u) ⇒
u2
cos A2
=
2
u +1 =
u2
=
u2 ( u 2 +1 − u ) =u −
2 u3
= u2 −
u3
≥ u2 −
u3 ⎛ 1
⎜ +
1 ⎞
⎟
u
1+ cos A 1+
2
u +1
u 2 +1 ( u 2 +1 + u ) u 2 +1 u 2 +1 (u + w ) (u + v) 2 ⎝u+v u+w⎠

Xuddi shunday:
cos2 B v3 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞ cos2 C w3 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
≥ v2 − ⎜ + ⎟, ≥ w2 − ⎜ + ⎟⇒
1+ cos B 2 ⎝ v + u v + w ⎠ 1+ cosC 2 ⎝w+u v+w⎠
1 ⎛ u3 + v 3 w 3 + v 3 u3 + w 3 ⎞ 1 1
f ≥ u2 + v 2 + w 2 − ⎜ + + ⎟ = (uv + vw + uw ) = .
2⎝ u+v w+v u+w ⎠ 2 2
'0, n soni biron sonning kvadrati bo'lsa,
200 )
2. Agar f(n) quyidagiday berilgan bo'lsa ∑ f ( k ) ni toping? f ( n) = )(! 1 $
# &, n soni aniq kvadrat bo'lmasa,
k=1 )# &
)*" n %{ }
( A) 786 ( B) 768 (C ) 766 ( D) 788
Yechish:
⎡ ⎤
2 1 ⎥ ⎡ 1 ⎤ ⎡ a + k ⎤ ⎡ 2k + θ ⎤
Ixtiyoriy a, k ∈ N da k 2 < a < ( k +1) bo'lsa ⇒ a = k 2 + m, m = 1, 2,!, 2k ⇒ a = k + θ , 0 < θ < 1 ⇒ ⎢ = =⎢ ⎥= ⇒
⎢ a ⎥ ⎢⎣ a − k ⎥⎦ ⎣ a − k 2 ⎦ ⎢⎣ m ⎥⎦
{ }
⎣ ⎦
2k + θ 2k 2k 2k + θ
⇒0< − < 1 o'rinli chunki ⇒ qandaydir t natural son <t< shartni bajaradigan bor deb olsak ⇒
m m m m
⎡ ⎤
⎡ 2k + θ ⎤ ⎡ 2k ⎤ 1 ⎥ n 2k ⎡ 2k ⎤
⇒ 2k < mt ⇒ 2k +1 ≤ mt ⇒ boshqa tarafdan mt < 2k + θ < 2k +1 bu esa ziddiyat ⇒ demak ⎢ =⎢ ⎥⇒ ∑ ⎢ = ∑∑ ⇒
⎣ m ⎦ ⎣ m ⎦ k 2 <a<(k+1)2 ⎢ a ⎥ k=1 i=1 ⎢⎣ i ⎥⎦
⎥
{ }
⎣ ⎦
2k
⎡ 2k ⎤
⇒ endi biz ∑⎢ ⎥ ni hisoblaymiz ⇒ bu uchun 2k × 2k jadval chizib olamiz, i − qatordagi i ga karrali bo'lg an joyga "*" qo' yamiz.
i=1
⎣ i ⎦
2k
⎡ 2k ⎤ ⎡ 2k ⎤
Bundan shuni bilish mumkunki : Bu i − qatordagi yulduzchalar soni ⎢ ⎥ ga teng ekanligini ⇒ butun jadvaldagi yulduzchalar soni esa ∑⎢ ⎥.
⎣ i ⎦ i=1
⎣ i ⎦
2k
⎡ 2k ⎤ 2k
Boshqa tarafdan j − ustundagi yulduzchalar soni T ( j ) bo'lsa ⇒ ∑⎢ ⎥ = ∑T ( j ) masalan quyidagi jadvaldan ko'rish mumkun :
i=1
⎣ i ⎦ j=1
j
1 2 3 4 5 6
i
1 * * * * * *
2 * * *
3 * *
4 *
5 *
6 *

Opportunist B
 shunga ko'ra ⇒
2
(n+1) n 2k
⇒ ∑ f ( a ) = ∑∑T ( j ) =n (T (1) + T ( 2 )) + ( n −1) (T (3) + T ( 4)) +!+ (T ( 2n −1) + T ( 2n )) ⇒
a=1 k=1 j=1

16 2 15
⇒ ∑ f ( k ) = ∑ (16 − k ) (T ( 2k −1) + T ( 2k )) ⇒ bundan ak = T ( 2k −1) + T ( 2k ), k = 1, 2,!,15 ⇒
k=1 k=1

ak ning qiymatlari quyidagi jadvaldagi qiymatlarni oladi :

k 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ak 3 5 6 6 7 8 6 9 8 8 8 10 7 10 10

256 15
Shu sababdan ⇒ ∑ f ( k ) = ∑ (16 − k ) ak = 783, hamda f ( 256 ) = f (16 2 ) = 0.
k=1 k=1

r
k ∈ {241, 242,!, 255}, k = 152 + r (16 ≤ r ≤ 30 ) deb olsak : k −15 = 152 + r −15 = ⇒
152 + r +15
⎡ ⎤
r r r 30 1 31 ⎢ 1 ⎥
⇒ < < ⇒1≤ < < <2⇒ = 1, k ∈ {241, 242,!, 255}.
⎢ k ⎥ { }
31 15 + r +15 30
2 r
{ 152 + r }r
⎣ ⎦
200 256
Demak : ∑ f ( k ) = 783− ∑ f (k ) = 783−15 = 768.
k=1 k=201
3. Tenglamalar sistemasi nechta yechimga ega?
' ! 1$ ! 1$ ! 1$
)5# x + & = 12 # y + & = 13# z + &
( " x% " y% " z%
)
* xy + yz + zx = 1
( A) 2ta ( B) 3ta (C )1ta ( D) ∅
Yechish:
A B C
Uchburchakning A, B, C burchaklari uchun x = tg , y = tg , z = tg deb olsak bo'ladi, sababi
2 2 2
A B B C C A
xy + yz + zx = tg tg + tg tg + tg tg = 1 ayniyat mavjud.
2 2 2 2 2 2
Shunga ko'ra birinchi tenglikni soddalashtirib quyidagiga ega bo'lamiz :
A
tg
x y z x 2 = sin A ⇒
= = ⇒ 2 =
5 ( x +1) 12 ( y +1) 13 ( z +1)
2 2 2
x +1 tg 2 A +1 2
2
sin A sin B sinC
⇒ = = bundan ko'rish mumkun uchburchak tomonlari 5 :12 :13 nisbatda ⇒
5 12 13
5 12 x 5 1 3 2
sin A = , sin B = va sinC = 1 ⇒ 2 = ⇒ x = 5 yoki x = . Xuddi shunday y = yoki , z = 1.
13 13 x +1 26 5 2 3
⎛1 2 ⎞
z = 1 ni ikkinchi tenglamaga qo' yib xy + x + y = 1 ga ega bo'lamiz ⇒ x > 0 da ⎜ , ,1⎟ yechimga ega bo'lamiz.
⎝5 3 ⎠
⎛1 2 ⎞ ⎛ 1 2 ⎞
Umimiy holda javob : ⎜ , ,1⎟ va ⎜ − , − ,1⎟ ⇒ demak 2ta yechimga ega.
⎝5 3 ⎠ ⎝ 5 3 ⎠

Opportunist B
4. Ushbu n 4 − 4n 3 + 22n 2 − 36n +18 ifoda aniq kvadrat bo'ladigan n natural sonlar nechta?
( A) 2ta ( B) 4ta (C )1ta ( D) ∅
Yechish:
2
A = n 4 − 4n 3 + 22n 2 − 36n +18 = ( n 2 − 2n ) +18 ( n 2 − 2n ) +18 ⇒
2
bundan n 2 − 2n = x va A = y 2 deb olsak ⇒ ( x + 9 ) − 63 = y 2 ⇒
( x + 9 − y) ( x + 9 + y) = 63 ⇒ ( x + 9 − y, x + 9 + y) = (1, 63), (3, 21) yoki (7, 9) ⇒
( x, y) = (23, 31), (3, 9) yoki (−1,1) ⇒ x = 3 da va x = −1 da ⇒ n = 1 yoki 3 ga ega bo'lamiz.
Demak n 2ta qiymatida ifoda aniq kvadrat bo'lar ekan.
5. Kubning uchlariga 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 va 8 sonlarini shunday qo’yilganki, bir yoqdagi ixtiyoriy yozilgan
uchta son yig’indisi 10dan kam emas. Bir yoqda yozilgan sonlar yig’indisi eng kamida nechi bo’lishi
mumkun?
( A)15 ( B)13 (C )16 ( D)18
Yechish:
Bir yoqdagi to'rta son a1 < a2 < a3 < a4 deb olaylik,
hamda bu to'rta son yig'indisi eng kichik bo'l sin ⇒
5dan kichik ixtiyoriy 3ta son yig'indisi eng katta qiymati 9 bo'ladi.
Masala shartida esa kamida 10 bo'lishi shart,
Bizda esa a4 ≥ 6 dan ⇒ a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 ≥ 16
chizmada tasvirlanganidek 2 + 3+ 5 + 6 = 16.
Demak bir yoqdagi to'rta son yig'indisi kamida 16 ekan.
6. Teng yonli uchburchak ΔABC da CA = CB = 1 , P nuqta uchburchak perimetrida olingan(ixtiyoriy bir
tomonida) PA ⋅ PB ⋅ PC ning eng katta qiymatini toping?
2 3 1 2
( A) ( B ) (C ) ( D )
2 4 4 4
Yechish:
1 2
1− holda)P ∈ AC, bundan PA ⋅ PC ≤ va PB ≤ 2 ⇒ PA ⋅ PB ⋅ PC ≤
4 4
lekin tenglik o'rinli emas, sababi biz yuqorida ko' paytirgan ikki tengsizlik
2
bir vaqtda o'rinli emas ⇒ PA ⋅ PB ⋅ PC < .
4
2 − holda) P ∈ AB da AP = x ∈ ⎡⎣0, 2 ⎤⎦ deb olsak ⇒
2
f ( x ) = PA 2 ⋅ PB 2 ⋅ PC 2 = x 2 ( 2−x ) (1+ x 2
)
− 2x ⇒
⎡ 1⎤
t=x ( )
2 − x deb olsak t ∈ ⎢0, ⎥ ⇒ f ( x ) = g (t ) = t 2 (1− t ).
⎣ 2⎦
⎡ 2⎤
gʹ (t ) = 2t − 3t 2 = t ( 2 − 3t ), g (t ) funksiya ⎢0, ⎥ da o'suvchi ⇒
⎣ 3⎦
⎛1⎞ 1
f ( x) ≤ g⎜ ⎟ = .
⎝ 2 ⎠max 8
2 1 2
Shu bois PA ⋅ PB ⋅ PC ≤ tenglik t = da ⇒ x = da ⇒
4 2 2
P nuqta AB ning o'rtasi bo'lg anda.

Opportunist B
7. Hisoblang:
1 1
4arctg + arctg2 + arctg3− arctg
5 239
π π π
( A ) π ( B ) (C ) ( D )
4 3 5
Yechish:
x±y
arctgx ± arctgy = arctg formuladan ⇒
1 ∓ xy
1 1
−
1 1 5 239 = arctg 9 , arctg 1 + arctg2 = arctg 0, 2 + 2 = arct 11
arctg − arctg = arctg
5 239 1 46 5 1− 0, 4 3
1+
5⋅ 239
1 11
+
1 0, 2 + 3 1 11 29
arctg + arctg3 = arctg = arctg8, arctg + arctg = arctg 5 3 = arctg
5 1− 0, 6 5 3 11 2
1−
15
29 14, 5 + 8 ⎛ 9⎞ 9 ⎛ 9⎞
arctg + arctg8 = arctg = arctg ⎜ − ⎟ ⇒ arctg + arctg ⎜ − ⎟ = π .
2 1−116 ⎝ 46 ⎠ 46 ⎝ 46 ⎠
1 1 1
8. Hisoblang: + +... +
1⋅ 2 ⋅ 3 2 ⋅ 3⋅ 4 23⋅ 24 ⋅ 25
301 299 199 499
( A) ( B) (C ) ( D)
1200 1200 1200 1200
Yechish:
1 1⎛ 1 1 ⎞ ⎛1 1 ⎞ 1⎛1 1 ⎞
= ⎜ − ⎟=⎜ − ⎟− ⎜ − ⎟⇒
k ( k +1) ( k + 2 ) k ⎝ k +1 k + 2 ⎠ ⎝ k k +1 ⎠ 2 ⎝ k k + 2 ⎠
23
1 ⎛ 1 ⎞ 1⎛ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1⎞ 23 23 299
∑ k (k +1) (k + 2) = ⎜⎝1− 24 ⎟⎠ − 2 ⎜⎝1− 3 + 2 − 4 + 3 − 5 +!+ 21 − 23 + 22 − 24 + 23 − 25 ⎟⎠ = 48 − 100 = 1200.
k=1

8a 2 − 6ab + b 2
9. ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ushbu kvadrat tenglamada, [ 0, 2 ] oraliqda ikita ildizi bor. f = ning
4a 2 − 2ab + ac
eng katta qiymatini toping?
( A) 2 ( B) 3 (C )1,8 ( A) 2, 5
Yechish:
ax 2 + bx + c = 0 tenglama ildizlari [ 0, 2 ] oraliqda, shu bois x1 = 1+ sin α va x2 = 1+ sin β deb olsak :
2
⎛b⎞ ⎛c⎞ ⎛b⎞ ⎡ b⎤
2 2 2 ⎜ ⎟ − 2 ⎜ ⎟ − 2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎢ x1 + x2 = − ⎥
8a − 6ab + b b − 2ac − 2ab ⎝a⎠ ⎝a⎠ ⎝a⎠ a⎥ ⇒
f= 2 = 2+ 2 = 2+ 2
⇒⎢
4a − 2ab + ac 4a − 2ab + ac ⎛b⎞ ⎛b⎞ ⎛c⎞ ⎢ c ⎥
4 ⎜ ⎟ − 2 ⎜ ⎟ + ⎜ ⎟ ⎢ x1 ⋅ x2 =
⎝a⎠ ⎝a⎠ ⎝a⎠ ⎣ a ⎥⎦
x ( x + 2 ) + x2 ( x1 + 2 ) ⎡ x1 = 1+ sin α ⎤ sin α sin β + sin α + sin β − 3
⇒ 2+ 1 2 ⇒⎢ ⎥ ⇒ 3+ ≤ 3 demak fmax = 3.
( x1 + 2) ( x2 + 2) ⎣ x2 = 1+ sin β ⎦ (sin α + 3) (sin β + 3)
10. ΔABC da tashqi chizilgan aylana radiusi 5ga teng va cos A + cos B + cosC = 1, 4 bo'lsa, ichki chizilgan
aylana radiusini toping?
( A) 2, 5 ( B) 2 (C ) 3 ( D) 2, 4
Yechish:
r r
cos A + cos B + cosC = 1+ bu formuladan 1+ = 1, 4 ⇒ r = 0, 4R = 2.
R R

Opportunist B
11. Tekislikda olingan P burchak 60! ga teng, fazoda olingan M nuqtadan burchak uchigacha bo'lgan
masofa 25, burchak tomonlarigacha bo'lgan masofalar 24 va 7ga teng. M nuqtadan tekislikgacha
bo'lgan masofani toping?
37
( A) ( B) 11 (C ) 37 ( D) 43
3
Yechish: P burchakning uchi A nuqta deb olaylik, M nuqtadan burchak tomonlariga tushgan
perpindikulyarlar asosi N va K bo'lsin, A nuqtaning bu N va K nuqtalarga simmetrik nuqtasi B va C
bo'lsin. Demak endi biz, uchi M nuqtada bo'lgan, asosi esa ΔABC bo'lgan uchburchakli piramidani
quramiz. Bu piramidada shuni ko'rish mumkunki, MA=MB=MC. Demak M nuqtadan asos tekisligiga
tushurilgan balantlik asosi O nuqta, ΔABC ning tashqi aylana markazi bo'ladi.
MN=24 va MK=7 desak, AB = 2 ⋅ AN = 2 ⋅ AM 2 − MN 2 = 14 va AC = 2 ⋅ AK = 2 ⋅ AM 2 − MK 2 = 48
457
BC = AB 2 + AC 2 − 2AB ⋅ AC cos60! = 2 457 va BC = 2Rsin 60! = R 3 = 2 457 ⇒ R = 2 ⇒
3
37
⇒ MO = MA 2 − AO 2 = 252 − R 2 = .
3
12. ΔABC da AC tomon o'rta perpindikulyari BC tomonni M nuqtada kesib o'tadi, BC tomon o'rta
perpundikulyari esa AC tomonni N nuqtada kesib o'tadi. MN to'g'ri chiziq AB ga perpindikulyar va
1
MN = AB . Uchburchani eng kichik burchagini toping?
3
( A) 45! ( B) 30! (C ) 60! ( D)15!
AB
Yechish: BC tomon o'rtasi L va AC tomon o'rtasi K bo'lsin, LK = va MLKN to'rtburchakning L va
2
K burchaklari 90! dan, shu sababdan MLKN tor'tburchakga tashqi aylana chizish mumkun hamda
MN bu aylananing diyametri bo'ladi. Agar ∠C = α bo'lsa ∠LMC = 90! − α bo'ladi, demak:
AB ⎡ 1 ⎤ 3
MN cos α = LK = ⇒ ⎢ MN = AB dan⎥ ⇒ cos α = ⇒ α = 30! ⇒ ∠C = 30!
2 ⎣ 3 ⎦ 2
∠CLK = ∠B ⇒ ∠MNC = ∠B ⇒ [ MN ⊥ AB dan ] ⇒ ∠A = 90! + ∠B ⇒ ΔABC ning burchaklari:
∠A = 90! + ∠B, ∠C = 30!,∠B = ∠B ⇒ 90! + ∠B + 30! + ∠B = 180! ⇒ ∠B = 30! ⇒ ∠A = 120! demak eng
kichik burchak 30! .
13. Kubning ikkita qo’shni yoqining kesishmaydigan diyaganallari orasidagi masofani toping, agar
uning qirrasi uzunligi 3 ga teng bo’lsa.
6
( A ) 2 ( B ) 6 (C ) 3 ( D )
2
Yechish:
Umumiy holda qirrasi uzunligi a ga teng ABCDA1B1C1D1 kubni olaylik.
!!!!" !" !!!!" !" ! !!!" !" !" !" ! !"
A1C1 = q1, AD1 = q2 , AA1 = m vektorlarni kiritib olib, q1 = q2 = a 2, m = a, ∠ ( q1, q2 ) = 60!,
∠ ( q1, m ) = 90!,∠ ( q2 , m ) = 45! ga ega bo'lamiz.
!" !" !" 2 !"
! !" ! !"!2 !" !" !" 2
q1 ⋅ q1 = q1 = 2a 2 , q2 ⋅ q2 = q2 = 2a 2 , m ⋅ m = m = a 2 ,
!" !" ! !" !" ! !" !" !" !" !" !"
! !" !" !
q1 ⋅ q2 = q1 ⋅ q2 cos60# = a 2 , q1 ⋅ m = q1 ⋅ m cos90# = 0, m ⋅ q2 = m ⋅ q2 cos 45# = a 2 .
!!!!" !" !" !"
!
A1C1 va AD1 ayqash dioganallar umumiy perpindikulyari PQ ni, PQ = x ⋅ q1 + m + y ⋅ q2 deb ifodalasak,
!!!" !" !"
!
PQ ning q1, q2 ga perpindikulyarligidan :
!" !" !"
! ! !"
! !" ! !" !" !
⎧ x⋅q +m+ y⋅q ⋅q = 0 ⎧ x ⋅ q2 + m
⎪( 1 )
2 1 ⎪ 1
⇒ ⎨ !"
( )
⋅ q1 + y ⋅ q1 ⋅ q2 = 0 ⎧⎪ a 2 ( 2x + y ) = 0 ⎧2x + y = 0
⎨ !" !" !"
! ! ! !" ! !" !"
! ⇒⎨ 2 ⇒⎨
( )
⎪⎩ x ⋅ q1 + m + y ⋅ q2 ⋅ q 2 = 0 ⎪ y ⋅ q2 + m ⋅ q 2 + x ⋅ q1 ⋅ q2 = 0 ⎩ (
2
( ) ⎪ a x +1+ 2y ) = 0 ⎩ x +1+ 2y = 0
⎩
!2 !" 2 !"
!2 ! !" ! !" ! !
1 2 !!!" ⎛ 1 !" !" 2 !"
⇒ x = , y = − ⇒ PQ = ⎜ q1 + m − q2 ⎟ =
! ⎞2 ( ) ( ) (
q1 + 9m + 4q2 + 6 q1 ⋅ m −12 q 2 ⋅ m − 4 q1 ⋅ q 2 ) =
3 3 ⎝3 3 ⎠ 3
a 2 + 9 + 8 −12 − 4 a 3 !!!"
= = ⇒ bizning maslada a = 3 ⇒ PQ = 3.
3 3

Opportunist B
 2 − x + 4x − 3
14. Tengsizlikni yeching ≥2
x
( A) (−∞;0) ∪ [1;2] ( B) (−∞;0) ∪ [1, 5;2] (C ) [1;2] ( D) (−∞;0) ∪ (1;2]
Yechish:
t + 4 (2 − t 2 ) − 3 2t 2 − t −1 (t −1) (2t +1) ≥ 0 ⇒ t ≥ 0 dan ⇒
2 − x = t deb olsak ⇒ ≥2⇒ ≥0⇒ [ ]
2 − t2 2
t −2 t− 2 t+ 2( )( )
t −1
≥ 0 ⇒ t > 2 va t ≤ 1 ⇒ 2 − x > 2 , 2 − x ≤ 1 va 2 − x ≥ 0 ⇒ (−∞;0 ) ∪ [1;2 ].
t− 2
10
15. Integralni hisoblang: ∫ x { x} dx
1

( A) 25 ( B) 25, 5 (C ) 24, 5 ( D) 25, 2

Yechish:
10 10 10 10

{ x} = x − [ x ] ⇒ ∫ x ⋅ { x} dx = ∫ ( x − x [ x ]) dx = ∫ x dx − ∫ x [ x ] dx ⇒
2 2

1 1 1 1
10
2
∫x dx = 333,
1
10 2 3 4 10
1⋅ 3+ 2 ⋅ 5 + 3⋅ 7 +!+ 9 ⋅19
∫ x [ x ] dx = ∫ x ⋅1 dx + ∫ x ⋅ 2 dx + ∫ x ⋅ 3 dx +!+ ∫ x ⋅ 9 dx = 2
=
1 1 2 3 9

9 ⋅10 ⋅19 9 ⋅10

2 (12 + 2 2 +!+ 9 2 ) + (1+ 2 +!+ 9 ) 2⋅ +
= = 6 2 = 307, 5 ⇒
2 2
10 10 10 10

∫ x ⋅ { x} dx = ∫ ( x 2 − x [ x ]) dx = ∫ x 2 dx − ∫ x [ x ] dx = 333− 307, 5 = 25, 5.

1 1 1 1

16. A ( 5, 5, a ) ва B ( 0, 0, 3) bu ikki nuqtadan o’tuvchi to’g’ri chiziq x = 4 − y = z −1 tenglamali to'g'ri

chiziqga perpindikulyar, a ning qiymatini toping?
( A) 3, 5 ( B) 3 (C ) 3 ( D) 3
Yechish:
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
( x1, y1, z1 ) va ( x2 , y2 , z2 ) nuqtalardan o'tuvchi to' g'ri chiziq tenglamasi = = ⇒
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
x−5 y−5 z−a
A ( 5, 5, a ) va B ( 0, 0, 3) dan o'tuvchi to' g'ri chiziq tenglamasi = = .
−5 −5 3− a
x − 0 y − 4 z −1
x = 4 − y = z −1 ⇒ = = .
1 −1 1
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 x − x2 y − y2 z − z2
= = va = = , ikkita to' g'ri chiziqning perpindikulyar bo'lish sharti :
n m k l t h
nl + mt + kh = 0 dan ⇒ − 5⋅1+ (−5) ⋅ (−1) + (3− a ) ⋅1 = 0 ⇒ a = 3.
1
" 3+ 2 4 5 % 4 4 5 −1
17. Hisoblang: $ 4
' ⋅4
# 3− 2 5 & 5 +1
( A )1 ( B ) 5 (C ) 2 ( D ) 2
Yechish:
1
⎛ 3+ 2 4 5 ⎞ 4 4 5 −1
⎜ ⎟ ⋅ =
⎛ 3+ 2 4 5 ⎞ ⎛ 4 5 −1 ⎞
4 ⎜ ⎟⋅ ⎜ ⎟ =
⎛ 3+ 2 4 5 ⎞ 2
4 ⎜ ⎟⋅
4
( )(
5 +1 3− 2 4 5 ) = 1.
4
⎝ 3− 2 5 ⎠
4
5 +1 4 4
⎝ 3− 2 5 ⎠ ⎝ 5 +1 ⎠
4
⎝ 3− 2 5 ⎠ 2 ( 5 +1) (3+ 2 5 )
4

Opportunist B
18. ax = 2 x + 3 − 3 x + 4 + 3 x + 5 ushbu tenglama ikkita yechimga ega bo'lsa, a parametrni toping?
# 5& # 1& $ 1'
( A) a ∈ %$ −2;− ( ∪ % −1;− ( ( B) a ∈ (−2;−1, 5) ∪ &% −1;− )
4' $ 5' 5(
# 5& # 1& # 5& # 1&
(C ) a ∈ %$ −1, 5;− ( ∪ % −1;− ( ( D ) a ∈ % −2;− ( ∪ % −1;− (
4' $ 5' $ 4' $ 4'
Yechish:
Tenglamani yechadigan bo'lsak :
⎡⎧ x < −5 9 ⎛ 1⎞
⎢⎨ ⇔x=− bunda a ∈ ⎜ −2;− ⎟;
⎢⎩ ax = −2x − 9 a+2 ⎝ 5⎠
⎢⎧−5 ≤ x < −4 ⎛ 5 1⎤
⎢⎨ 21
⇔x= bunda a ∈ ⎜ − ;− ⎥;
⎢⎩ ax = 4x + 21 a−4 ⎝ 4 5⎦ ⎛ 5⎞ ⎛ 1⎞
⎢ ⇒ 2ta yechimga, a ∈ ⎜ −2;− ⎟ ∪ ⎜ −1;− ⎟.
⎢⎧⎨−4 ≤ x < −3 ⇔ x = − 3 bunda a ∈ ⎡− 5 ;−1⎞; ⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 5⎠
⎢⎩ ax = −2x − 3 ⎢ ⎟
a+2 ⎣ 4 ⎠
⎢
⎢⎧ x ≥ −3 9
⎢⎨ ax = 2x + 9 ⇔ x = a + 2 bunda a ∈ (−∞;−1] ∪ ( 2;∞).
⎣⎩
n

19. Agar x =
( b − b−a ) n−2k

bo'lsa n
a k x n−k + n a n−k x k − 2 bx ifodani soddalashtiring.
2k
a n−2k

( A ) b ( B ) 0 (C ) a ( D ) a + b
Yechish:
Ifodani ko'rinishini o'zgartirib:
⎡ n−2k n−2k ⎤
n n−k k ⎢ n ⎛ x ⎞ ⎛b⎞ ⎛ x⎞ ⎥
A= a x ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ +1− 2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
2n ga ega bo'lamiz, masala shartidan esa:
⎢⎣ ⎝ a ⎠ ⎝ a ⎠ ⎝ a ⎠ ⎥⎦
n
2n

x=
( b − b−a ) n−2k

⇒x n−2k
=
( b − b−a ) ⎛x⎞
⇒⎜ ⎟
n−2k
⎛ b
=⎜ −
b ⎞
2n

−1 ⎟ ⇒ A = 0.
2k
a 2k ⎝a⎠ ⎝ a a ⎠
a n−2k

20. Tengsizlikni yeching: 4v 2 − 4v − 84 + 4v 2 − 6v − 85 ≤ 2v +1

" 3− 264 1− 85 % " 3+ 349 3+ 264 %
( A)$ ; '∪$ ; '
# 3 2 & # 4 3 &
" 3− 264 1− 85 % " 349 3+ 264 %
( B)$ ; '∪$ ; '
# 3 2 & # 4 3 &
" 3− 264 1+ 85 % " 3+ 349 3+ 264 %
(C ) $ ; '∪$ ; '
# 3 2 & # 4 3 &
" −3− 264 85 % " 3+ 349 3+ 264 %
( D)$ ; '∪$ ; '
# 3 2 & # 4 3 &
Yechish:Eng avval tengsizlikning aniqlanish sohasini aniqlab olamiz:
⎧ ⎛ 1− 85 ⎤ ⎡1+ 85 ⎞
⎪ v ∈ ⎜ −∞; ⎥∪⎢ ;∞⎟
⎪⎧ 4v 2 − 4v − 84 ≥ 0 ⎪ ⎝ 2 ⎦ ⎣ 2 ⎠ ⎛ 1− 85 ⎤ ⎡ 3+ 349 ⎞
⎨ 2 ⇔⎨ ⇒ v ∈ ⎜ −∞; ⎥∪⎢ ;∞⎟
⎩⎪ 4v − 6v − 85 ≥ 0 ⎪ ⎛ 3− 349 ⎤ ⎡ 3+ 349 ⎞ ⎝ 2 ⎦ ⎣ 4 ⎠
⎪v ∈ ⎜ −∞; 4
⎥∪⎢
4
;∞⎟
⎩ ⎝ ⎦ ⎣ ⎠
So'ngra esa 4v 2 − 4v − 84 = a va 4v 2 − 6v − 85 = b belgilashlarni kiritib, quyidagiga ega bo'lamiz:
Opportunist B
 a + b ≤ a − b ⇔ a + b ≤ ( a + b) a − b ⇒1≤ a− b ⇒
⎡ 3− 264 3+ 264 ⎤
⇒1≤ 4v 2 − 4v − 84 − 4v 2 − 6v − 85 ⇒ v ∈ ⎢ ; ⎥
⎣ 3 3 ⎦
⎡ 3− 264 1− 85 ⎤ ⎡ 3+ 349 3+ 264 ⎤
Bu javobni aniqlanish soha bilan birlashtirsak: ⎢ ; ⎥∪⎢ ; ⎥.
⎣ 3 2 ⎦ ⎣ 4 3 ⎦
1
21. A nuqta y = ( x 2 −12x ) chiziqda, B nuqta x 2 + y 2 −18x −12y + 97 = 0 chiziqda olingan bo'lsa, AB
8
masofaning eng kichik qiymatini toping?
5 5 5
( A ) ( B ) (C ) ( D ) 5
4 2 5
Yechish:

2 2
x 2 + y 2 −18x −12y + 97 = 0 ⇒ ( x − 9 ) + ( y − 6 ) = 20 ⇒ markazi O ( 9;6 ) va radiusi 20 aylana tenglamasi.
AB kesma eng qisqa bo'ladi, agar AB chiziq aylana markazi O nuqtadan o'tsa ⇒
⎛ 1 ⎞
OA masofaning eng kichik qiymatini topamiz. A ⎜ x0 ; ( x02 −12x0 ) ⎟ va O ( 9;6 ) ⇒
⎝ 8 ⎠
A nuqtadan parobolag urinma o'tkazamiz bu urunmaga AO kesma perpindikulyar bo'lsa AO
x −6
masofa eng kichik qiymatiga ega bo'ladi. A ( x0 , y0 ) bo'lsa urinma koeffisenti k = 0 va AO chiziq
4
y −6 y − 6 x0 − 6
burchak koeffisenti k = 0 bu ikki burchak koeffisenti kopaytmasi 0 ⋅ = −1 bo'lishi
x0 − 9 x0 − 9 4
kerak, x0 − 6 = t deb olsak : t 3 − 52t − 96 = 0 ga ega bo'lamiz bundan t = 8 ni topib, x0 = 14 ni
5
aniqlaymiz. Bunda AO masofani hisoblab olishi mumkin, AO = .
2
22. ax 6 = e x tenglama a ning qanday qiymatida bitta yechimga ega?
6 3 2
6 !e$ !e$ !e$
( ) ( ) ( ) # & ( ) #" &% ( ) #" &%
A e B C D
"6% 6 6
Yechish:
a ≤ 0 da yechim yo'q, a > 0 da tenglikni ikkala tarafini e asosli log orifmlaymiz :
ln a + 6 ln x = x ⇒ 6 ln x = x − ln a bu tenglama bitta ildizga ega bo'lishi uchun,
6 ln x va x − ln a funksiya grafiklari urinishi shart, demak urinish nuqtasi x0 deb olsak :
6
⎛e⎞
(6 ln x0 )ʹ = (x0 − ln a)ʹ ⇒ x0 = 6 bundan, a = ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ .
6
23. x − 2011x + m ushbu tenglama uchta butun yechimga ega bo'ladigan m mavjud, ushbu ildizlari
3

a,b,c bo'lsa a + b + c ning qiymatini toping?

( A) 98 ( B) 99 (C ) 97 ( D) 89
Yechish: Viet tioremasidan , va .

emas chunki, u holda ikkita ildizi bo’ladi.

va deb olsak
Bunda agar , da va agar , da .

Opportunist B
 Bizga malumki , bir-xil ishoraga ega, Shu bois .
( va )
eng katta qiymatiga da erishadi, ni o’zgarmas

son deb olganda. Shuning uchun, .

Bundan .
demak .

Endi bizda, sonining oraliqda ekanligi

malum.
Yondagi jadvalda ni tekshirib ko’ramiz: 45 ning bo’lmasligini ko’rish mumkun,
, demak 46 ham o’rinli emas. ,
198 soni 5 ga bo’linmaydi, , demak 47 ham yetarli emas.
, soni 7ga, 8ga va 9ga ham bo’linmaydi , 10 esa kattalik qiladi.

a + b + c = 98
Demak , , . , . Bundan
24. Raqamlari yigindisi ham, sonning o’zi ham 5ga bo’linadi va birinchi va oxirgi raqami teng bo’lgan
nechta 5 xonali son bor?
( A) 220ta ( B) 200ta (C ) 212ta ( D) 202ta
Yechish:
Bizga kerakli son 5xyz5 ko’rinishda bo’ladi, x + y + z ! 5 bo'lishi kerak. Agar x va y ixtiyoriy sonlar
bo'lsa, z soni x + y + z ! 5 shartni bajarishi uchun ikkita turli qiymatga ega bo'ladi, shu sababdan
bunday sonlarning soni 10 ×10 × 2 = 200 bo'ladi.
1 1 1
25. Soddalashtiring: ! !
+ ! !
+... +
sin 45 sin 46 sin 47 sin 48 sin133 sin134!
!

1 1 1 1
( A) ! ( ) ! ( ) ! ( )
B C D
sin 2 sin 3 sin1 sin 5!
Yechish:
Eng avval, biz quyidagi tenglikni aniqlab olaamiz:

bunga ko'ra, Chapdagi yig'indi quyidagi ko'rinishga keladi:

67
1 1
∑ sin (2k −1) sin 2k = sin1 (ctg45! − ctg46! + ctg47! −"+ ctg133! − ctg134! ) ⇒
k=23

1 1− 0 1
ctg (180! − x ) = −ctgx ⇒ ! (
ctg45! − ctg90! ) = = .
sin1 sin1 sin1!
!

⎧ 2 1 2 1
⎪x = y − + z −
⎪ 16 16 m
26. ⎪ x,y,z sonlari ushbu sistemani qanoatlantiradi va x + y + z = o'rinli bo'lsa,
1 1 n
⎨ y = z2 − + x2 −
⎪ 25 25
⎪ 1 1
⎪z = x 2 − + y2 −
⎩ 36 36
m+n ni toping?
( A) 9 ( B) 8 (C )10 ( D) 7
Opportunist B
 Yechish:
Agar biz, ni tomonlari uzunliklari va , hamda o'tkir burchakli deb olsak( yani
barcha balantliklar ichida joylashadigan). tomonga tushgan balantlik , shuningdek va
tomonlar uchun ham. Shunga ko'ra Pifagor tioremasidan ko'ra . As a f

ga nisbatan funksiya deb qaralsa bu funksiya kamayuvchi, shunga ko'ra , ni olishimiz

mumkun, bundan va shu tarzda va .

Uchubrcha yuzasida , va shunga ko'ra va bundan

va . Bulardan uchburchakning yarim perimetri :

Shunga ko'ra Geron formulasidan:

. Demak va budan

m+n = 2+7= 9
demak .

27. Hisoblang: 12 + 2 2 + 32 − 4 2 − 52 + 6 2 + 72 + 82 − 9 2 −10 2 +... − 2010 2

bunda, 3tasi «+», 2tasi «-» ishorada. ( A) 546926141 ( B)1 (C ) 536926141 ( D ) 0
Yechish:
2 2 2 2
k 2 + ( k +1) + ( k + 2 ) − ( k + 3) − ( k + 4) = k 2 − 8k − 20 bu tenglikdan, k = 1, 6,11,16, 21,!
demak k = 5t +1 [t = 1, 2, 3,!, 401] ⇒
k 2 − 8k − 20 = 25t 2 − 30t − 27 ⇒
401

∑(25t 2
− 30t − 27) = 25 (12 + 2 2 +!+ 4012 ) − 30 (1+ 2 +!+ 401) − 27 ⋅ 401 ⇒
t=1

⎡ n ( n +1) ( 2n +1) ⎤
⇒ ⎢12 + 2 2 +!+ n 2 = 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
⎥ ⇒ 1 + 2 + 3 − 4 − 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 − 9 −10 +... − 2010 = 536926141.
⎣ 6 ⎦

28. la , lb , lc uchburchakni mos burchaklari bissiktrisalari bo'lsa quyidagini hidsoblang:

α −β γ −α β −γ
sin sin sin
2 + 2 + 2
lc lb la
( A) 0 ( B)1 (C ) 2 ( D) 0, 5
Yechish:
α −β α −β α −β α −β α −β α −β γ −α β −γ
sin sin ( a + b) sin (sin α + sin β ) sin cos sin (α − β ) 1
sin sin sin
2 = 2 = 2 = 2 2 ⇒ = (ctgβ − ctgα ) ⇒ 2 + 2 + 2 = 0.
lc γ γ 2Rsin α sin β 4Rsin α sin β 4R lc lb la
2ab cos 4Rsin α sin β cos
2 2
29. a = 6 − 3 3 va b = 1 orasidagi qaysi
munosabat to'g'ri?
b
( A) a > b ( B) a < b (C ) a < ( D) 2a > 3b
2
Yechish:
3
6 − 3 3 va 1 ⇒ 6 −1 va 3 3 ⇒ ( )
6 −1 va 3 ⇒ 9 6 −19 va 3 ⇒

⇒ 9 6 va 22 ⇒ 488 va 484 ⇒ a = 6 − 3 3 > b = 1.

Opportunist B
30. 3 [ lg x ] + 5{lg x} soni 10ga karrali, bu hol o'rinli bo'ladigan x1 < x2 < x3 < ... < x6 < x7 < ...
yechimlari bo'lsa, lg ( x2 x6 ) ni toping?
( A)16 ( B)14 (C )15 ( D)18
Yechish:
3 [ lg x ] + 5{lg x} = 3n + 5α = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50,! ⇒ ⎡⎣n ∈ N va α ∈ [ 0;1)⎤⎦
⎧n = 2 va α = 0,8 ⇒ lg x1 = 2 + 0,8 = 2,8
3n + 5α = 10 ⇒ ⎨
⎩n = 3 va α = 0, 2 ⇒ lg x2 = 3+ 0, 2 = 3, 2
3n + 5α = 20 ⇒ n = 6 va α = 0, 4 ⇒ lg x3 = 6 + 0, 4 = 6, 4
⎧n = 9 va α = 0, 6 ⇒ lg x4 = 9 + 0, 6 = 9, 6
3n + 5α = 30 ⇒ ⎨
⎩n = 10 va α = 0 ⇒ lg x5 = 10 + 0 = 10
⎧n = 12 va α = 0,8 ⇒ lg x6 = 12 + 0,8 = 12,8
3n + 5α = 40 ⇒ ⎨
⎩n = 13 va α = 0, 2 ⇒ lg x7 = 13+ 0, 2 = 13, 2
Demak : lg ( x2 x6 ) = 3, 2 +12,8 = 16.

Opportunist B