Title: The Future of Cryptography in the Era of Quantum Computing
Abstract:
Quantum computing promises unprecedented computational power, which could render
current cryptographic systems obsolete. This paper investigates quantum threats to
encryption and the development of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms.
Main Body:
Quantum algorithms such as Shor’s algorithm can factor large integers exponentially
faster than classical methods, compromising RSA encryption. Similarly, elliptic
curve cryptography is vulnerable to quantum attacks. In response, researchers are
developing post-quantum cryptographic systems based on lattice problems, hash
functions, and multivariate polynomials.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is currently
standardizing quantum-resistant algorithms. Integration into current systems poses
challenges in compatibility and computational overhead.
Conclusion:
Cryptography must evolve to withstand quantum threats. Proactive transition to
post-quantum standards is vital to maintaining digital security in the near future.