ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY TO REMEMBER
• Transistors
• Logic Gates – electric signals
• Logic Circuits
• Logic Notations
• Truth Tables – work out the different combinations that the different 1s and 0s
have.
• Boolean Algebra
• Digital circuit – a circuit that has electronic signals which have 1 of 2 values.
1 = high voltage and 0 = low voltage.
TRANSISTORS
ELECTRICAL SIGNAL
LOGIC GATES
• Logic gates are used to carry out logical operations on single or
multiple binary inputs and give one binary output. In simple terms,
logic gates are the electronic circuits in a digital system.
• There are several basic logic gates used in performing operations
in digital systems. The common ones are
• OR Gate
• AND Gate
• NOT Gate
• XOR Gate
USES OF LOGIC GATES
LOGIC CIRCUITS
• Logic gates when put together they can carry out certain
functions depending on the gates used.
• Logic Circuits in real life can be found in any electronics,
Air conditioners to T.V’s, however the amount of logic
gates used can differ. Usually, electronics will use as little
logic gates as possible to carry out a function since this will
reduce the price of the components and evidently leads to
more profit for the owners.
DESCRIBING LOGIC GATES AND
CIRCUITS
• There are three different but powerful notations
for describing logic gates and circuits:
BOOLEAN
ALGEBRA
• Boolean algebra is used as
a tool for the analysis and
design of logic circuits.
• In digital electronics, there
are several methods of
simplifying the design of
logic circuits. This algebra is
one of these methods.
• There are many rules in
Boolean algebra by which
those mathematical
operations are done.
BOOLEAN
LAWS
RULES OF
BOOLEAN
ALGEBRA
DE MORGAN’S THEOREM
IMPLICATIONS OF DE MORGAN’S
THEOREM
LOGIC
DIAGRAM
• In Boolean algebra, an
expression given can also
be converted into a logic
diagram using different
logic gates like AND gate,
OR gate and NOT gate,
NOR gates, NAND gates,
XOR gates, XNOR gates,
etc.
• Logic diagram shows the
wiring and connections of
each logic gate, which are
represented by a specific
graphical symbol.
TRUTH TABLE
• It defines the function of a logic gate using a list that shows
all the output states in tabular form for each possible
combination of the input variable.
• All the output and inputs of logic gates can be displayed by
using a table named Truth Table:
BASIC LOGIC GATES: NOT
A NOT gate is also known as an “INVERTER” as it inverts the input value.
BASIC LOGIC GATES: AND
BASIC LOGIC GATES: OR
BASIC LOGIC GATES: XOR
BASIC LOGIC GATES: NAND
BASIC LOGIC GATES: NOR
GATES WITH MORE INPUTS
DESCRIBING
LOGIC CIRCUITS
A L G E B R A I C A L LY
