Introduction to Arduino Basics
Lecture 02
Introduction to Arduino Programming
Presented By
Engr. Abdullah Bilal
Department of Electrical, Electronics & Telecommunication
UET Lahore, Faisalabad Campus
OBJECTIVES
▪ Understand Arduino IDE and its features
▪ Learn the basic structure of an Arduino sketch
▪ Explore basic syntax and functions
▪ Write and upload your first program
▪ Learn about data types, commands, and pin functionalities
WHAT IS ARDUINO IDE?
▪ IDE = Integrated Development Environment
▪ Used to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards
▪ Free and open-source
▪ Available on Windows, Mac, and Linux
▪ Supports various boards (UNO, Nano, Mega)
INSTALLING AND SETTING UP ARDUINO IDE
▪ Download from: https://www.arduino.cc
▪ Install and open the IDE
▪ Connect Arduino board via USB
▪ Set up in Tools menu:
▪ - Board: Arduino UNO
▪ - Port: COMx (check device manager)
▪ - Programmer: AVRISP mkII
STRUCTURE OF AN ARDUINO SKETCH
▪ void setup() {
▪ // Code that runs once
▪}
▪ void loop() {
▪ // Code that runs repeatedly
▪}
▪ - setup(): Called once at the beginning
▪ - loop(): Repeats forever
BASIC FUNCTIONS
▪ pinMode(): Sets a pin as INPUT or OUTPUT
▪ digitalWrite(): Sends HIGH or LOW to digital pin
▪ digitalRead(): Reads HIGH or LOW from a digital pin
▪ analogRead(): Reads analog value (0-1023)
▪ analogWrite(): Sends PWM signal (0-255) to a pin
▪ delay(ms): Waits for given milliseconds
DATA TYPES IN ARDUINO
▪ int: Integer (-32,768 to 32,767) e.g., int x = 10;
▪ float: Decimal number e.g., float temp = 25.5;
▪ char: Single character e.g., char ch = 'A';
▪ boolean: true or false e.g., boolean flag = true;
▪ String: Sequence of characters e.g., String name = "Ali";
SYNTAX RULES
▪ Case-sensitive (e.g., DigitalWrite is wrong)
▪ Statements end with a semicolon (;)
▪ // Single line comment
▪ /* Multi-line comment */
▪ Curly braces {} define code blocks
YOUR FIRST PROGRAM – BLINK LED
void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
NEXT CLASS PREVIEW
▪ Getting started with Tinkercad.
▪ Write and upload your first program (Blink).
▪ Learn code structure: setup() and loop().
