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Session3 Writing Basic Commands and Scripts

The document provides an introduction to shell programming, emphasizing its importance for all programmers. It covers basic commands, how to combine commands, and how to write and execute scripts. Additionally, it explains how to use man pages for help with commands.

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darkovianforces50
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23 views8 pages

Session3 Writing Basic Commands and Scripts

The document provides an introduction to shell programming, emphasizing its importance for all programmers. It covers basic commands, how to combine commands, and how to write and execute scripts. Additionally, it explains how to use man pages for help with commands.

Uploaded by

darkovianforces50
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Shell Programming

A Necessity for all Programmers

Writing Basic Commands and Scripts


Nagesh Karmali | Firuza Karmali

Department of Computer Science and Engineering


IIT Bombay
You will learn to ...

• Use basic commands


• Combine commands
• Read and understand an unknown command
• Execute script

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 2/8


Basic Commands

• List directory contents: ls


• Today’s date and time: date
• Show logged in user: who
• Show User ID: whoami
• Display line of text: echo
• Reading/Writing from/to file: cat
• Help: man

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 3/8


Combining Commands

• Can combine multiple commands


• Using ;
• date; who
• echo ”hello ”; whoami
• echo -n ”hello ”; whoami

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 4/8


Writing first script

• Create file.sh
cat > file.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo -n "hello "; whoami

• Make script executable


chmod +x file.sh

• Execute the script


./file.sh

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 5/8


Looking for help – man pages

• Reference manuals – Used for finding more information about any command
• Syntax: man <command>
• Examples
• man man: shows how to use man pages
• man ls: displays man page for the ls command
• Structure
• name
• synopsis
• description
• options
• return value
• exit status
• author

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 6/8


Now, you can ...

• Use commands for displaying


• directory contents
• today’s date
• logged in user
• display text
• Combine commands
• Execute scripts
• Get help for commands

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 7/8


Thank you
1

Shell Programming – A Necessity for all Programmers By Nagesh | Firuza 8/8

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