I'll solve all the questions step by step.

Since there are many, I'll start with a few and continue
until all are complete.

Example 1: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q1: Simplify and write your answer in the form a + bi

1. (2 + 3i) + (4 - 5i)
o Combine real parts: 2 + 4 = 6
o Combine imaginary parts: 3i - 5i = -2i
o Answer: 6 - 2i

2. (-4 + i) - (3 + 2i)
o Distribute negative: -4 + i - 3 - 2i
o Combine real parts: -4 - 3 = -7
o Combine imaginary parts: i - 2i = -i
o Answer: -7 - i

3. 2(5 + 2i) - (6 - 3i)

o Expand: 10 + 4i - 6 + 3i
o Combine real parts: 10 - 6 = 4
o Combine imaginary parts: 4i + 3i = 7i
o Answer: 4 + 7i

4. (1 + 3i)² + 2(-2 + 5i)

o Expand square: (1 + 3i)(1 + 3i) = 1 + 6i + 9i²
o Since i² = -1, replace 9i² with -9
o So, 1 + 6i + 9i² = 1 + 6i - 9 = -8 + 6i
o Expand second term: 2(-2 + 5i) = -4 + 10i
o Add both parts: (-8 + 6i) + (-4 + 10i) = -12 + 16i
o Answer: -12 + 16i

Would you like me to continue with the rest in this step-by-step manner?

Here’s a step-by-step solution to all the questions in Example 1, Q1.

Example 1: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q1: Simplify and write your answer in the form a + bi

5. (3 + 4i)(5 - 6i)
o Use distributive property (FOIL method):
 (3 × 5) + (3 × -6i) + (4i × 5) + (4i × -6i)
 15 - 18i + 20i - 24i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -24i² with 24
 o 15 - 18i + 20i + 24
o Combine real parts: 15 + 24 = 39
o Combine imaginary parts: -18i + 20i = 2i
o Answer: 39 + 2i

6. (8 - 3i) - 2i(7 + 4i)

o Expand second term: -2i × (7 + 4i) = (-14i - 8i²)
o Since i² = -1, replace -8i² with 8
o So, -14i - 8i² = -14i + 8
o Now, add to first term: (8 - 3i) + (8 - 14i)
o Combine real parts: 8 + 8 = 16
o Combine imaginary parts: -3i - 14i = -17i
o Answer: 16 - 17i

7. (4 + 2i)(3 - i)
o Use distributive property (FOIL method):
 (4 × 3) + (4 × -i) + (2i × 3) + (2i × -i)
 12 - 4i + 6i - 2i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -2i² with 2
o 12 - 4i + 6i + 2
o Combine real parts: 12 + 2 = 14
o Combine imaginary parts: -4i + 6i = 2i
o Answer: 14 + 2i

8. 2(3 - 5i) + 7i(2 + 3i)

o Expand first term: 6 - 10i
o Expand second term: (7i × 2) + (7i × 3i) = 14i + 21i²
o Since i² = -1, replace 21i² with -21
o So, 14i + 21i² = 14i - 21
o Now, add to the first term: (6 - 10i) + (14i - 21)
o Combine real parts: 6 - 21 = -15
o Combine imaginary parts: -10i + 14i = 4i
o Answer: -15 + 4i

9. (3(2 - 4i) + i(5 - 6i))

o Expand first term: (3 × 2) + (3 × -4i) = 6 - 12i
o Expand second term: (i × 5) + (i × -6i) = 5i - 6i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -6i² with 6
o So, 5i - 6i² = 5i + 6
o Now, add to the first term: (6 - 12i) + (6 + 5i)
o Combine real parts: 6 + 6 = 12
o Combine imaginary parts: -12i + 5i = -7i
 o Answer: 12 - 7i

10. 4(2 - i) + i(3 + 5i)

 Expand first term: (4 × 2) + (4 × -i) = 8 - 4i

 Expand second term: (i × 3) + (i × 5i) = 3i + 5i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 5i² with -5
 So, 3i + 5i² = 3i - 5
 Now, add to the first term: (8 - 4i) + (-5 + 3i)
 Combine real parts: 8 - 5 = 3
 Combine imaginary parts: -4i + 3i = -i
 Answer: 3 - i

This completes Q1. Would you like me to continue with Q2 step by step?

Here’s a step-by-step solution to all the questions in Example 1, Q2.

Example 1: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q2: Simplify and write your answer in the form a + bi

1. (2 - 3i) + i(4 + 5i)

o Expand second term: i × (4 + 5i) = 4i + 5i²
o Since i² = -1, replace 5i² with -5
o So, 4i + 5i² = 4i - 5
o Now, add to the first term: (2 - 3i) + (-5 + 4i)
o Combine real parts: 2 - 5 = -3
o Combine imaginary parts: -3i + 4i = i
o Answer: -3 + i

2. 7(2 + i) + i(11 + 9i)

o Expand first term: 7 × (2 + i) = 14 + 7i
o Expand second term: i × (11 + 9i) = 11i + 9i²
o Since i² = -1, replace 9i² with -9
o So, 11i + 9i² = 11i - 9
o Now, add to the first term: (14 + 7i) + (-9 + 11i)
o Combine real parts: 14 - 9 = 5
o Combine imaginary parts: 7i + 11i = 18i
o Answer: 5 + 18i
3. (3 + 5i) + i(3 - 2i)
o Expand second term: i × (3 - 2i) = 3i - 2i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -2i² with 2
o So, 3i - 2i² = 3i + 2
o Now, add to the first term: (3 + 5i) + (2 + 3i)
o Combine real parts: 3 + 2 = 5
o Combine imaginary parts: 5i + 3i = 8i
o Answer: 5 + 8i

4. 4i(2 - 3i) + 7(-2 - 4i)

o Expand first term: 4i × (2 - 3i) = 8i - 12i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -12i² with 12
o So, 8i - 12i² = 12 + 8i
o Expand second term: 7 × (-2 - 4i) = -14 - 28i
o Now, add both parts: (12 + 8i) + (-14 - 28i)
o Combine real parts: 12 - 14 = -2
o Combine imaginary parts: 8i - 28i = -20i
o Answer: -2 - 20i

5. 3(4 + i) + i(2 - 5i) - 1

o Expand first term: 3 × (4 + i) = 12 + 3i
o Expand second term: i × (2 - 5i) = 2i - 5i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -5i² with 5
o So, 2i - 5i² = 2i + 5
o Now, add both terms and subtract 1: (12 + 3i) + (5 + 2i) - 1
o Combine real parts: 12 + 5 - 1 = 16
o Combine imaginary parts: 3i + 2i = 5i
o Answer: 16 + 5i

6. (7 + 2i) + (5 + 6i)
o Combine real parts: 7 + 5 = 12
o Combine imaginary parts: 2i + 6i = 8i
o Answer: 12 + 8i

7. (11 + 3i) - (5 - 2i)

o Distribute negative: (11 + 3i) - 5 + 2i
o Combine real parts: 11 - 5 = 6
o Combine imaginary parts: 3i + 2i = 5i
o Answer: 6 + 5i
 8. (3 + i)(-2 - 5i)
o Use distributive property (FOIL method):
 (3 × -2) + (3 × -5i) + (i × -2) + (i × -5i)
 -6 - 15i - 2i - 5i²
o Since i² = -1, replace -5i² with 5
o -6 - 15i - 2i + 5
o Combine real parts: -6 + 5 = -1
o Combine imaginary parts: -15i - 2i = -17i
o Answer: -1 - 17i

9. (1 + 3i)i + 2(3 - i)²

o Expand first term: (1 + 3i)i = i + 3i²
o Since i² = -1, replace 3i² with -3
o So, i + 3i² = i - 3
o Expand second term:
 First, square (3 - i):
 (3 - i)(3 - i) = 9 - 6i + i²
 Since i² = -1, replace i² with -1
 9 - 6i - 1 = 8 - 6i
 Multiply by 2: 2 × (8 - 6i) = 16 - 12i
o Now, add both parts: (-3 + i) + (16 - 12i)
o Combine real parts: -3 + 16 = 13
o Combine imaginary parts: i - 12i = -11i
o Answer: 13 - 11i

This completes Example 1, Q2. Would you like me to continue with Example 2 step by
step?

I'll now solve Example 2, Q1 step by step.

Example 2: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q1: Express in the form a + bi

For each expression, if it has a denominator containing i, we rationalize it by multiplying by

the conjugate of the denominator.

1. 1 / (1 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + i):
(1 × (1 + i)) / ((1 - i) × (1 + i))
o Expand denominator: (1 - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 2
o Expand numerator: 1 + i
o Divide by 2: (1/2) + (1/2)i
 o Answer: 1/2 + 1/2i

2. (2i) / (3 + i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - i):
(2i × (3 - i)) / ((3 + i) × (3 - i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - i²) = 9 - (-1) = 10
o Expand numerator:
 (2i × 3) + (2i × -i) = 6i - 2i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -2i² with 2
 6i + 2
o Divide by 10: (2/10) + (6/10)i = 1/5 + 3/5i
o Answer: 1/5 + 3/5i

3. (2 + 3i) / (3 + 4i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - 4i):
((2 + 3i) × (3 - 4i)) / ((3 + 4i) × (3 - 4i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - 4i²) = 9 - (-16) = 25
o Expand numerator:
 (2 × 3) + (2 × -4i) + (3i × 3) + (3i × -4i)
 6 - 8i + 9i - 12i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -12i² with 12
 6 - 8i + 9i + 12 = 18 + i
o Divide by 25: (18/25) + (1/25)i
o Answer: 18/25 + 1/25i

4. (4 + 2i) / (3 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 + i):
((4 + 2i) × (3 + i)) / ((3 - i) × (3 + i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - i²) = 9 - (-1) = 10
o Expand numerator:
 (4 × 3) + (4 × i) + (2i × 3) + (2i × i)
 12 + 4i + 6i + 2i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 2i² with -2
 12 + 4i + 6i - 2 = 10 + 10i
o Divide by 10: (10/10) + (10/10)i = 1 + i
o Answer: 1 + i

5. (6 - 8i) / (4 + 3i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (4 - 3i):
((6 - 8i) × (4 - 3i)) / ((4 + 3i) × (4 - 3i))
o Expand denominator: (4² - 3i²) = 16 - (-9) = 25
o Expand numerator:
  (6 × 4) + (6 × -3i) + (-8i × 4) + (-8i × -3i)
 24 - 18i - 32i + 24i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 24i² with -24
 24 - 18i - 32i - 24 = -24 - 50i
o Divide by 25: (-24/25) + (-50/25)i = -24/25 - 2i
o Answer: -24/25 - 2i

Would you like me to continue with the remaining questions in Q1 before moving to Q2?

I'll now solve the remaining questions in Example 2, Q1 step by step.

Example 2: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q1: Express in the form a + bi (continued)

6. (4 + 2i) / (1 + 2i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 - 2i):
((4 + 2i) × (1 - 2i)) / ((1 + 2i) × (1 - 2i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - (2i)²) = 1 - 4(-1) = 1 + 4 = 5
o Expand numerator:
 (4 × 1) + (4 × -2i) + (2i × 1) + (2i × -2i)
 4 - 8i + 2i - 4i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -4i² with 4
 4 - 8i + 2i + 4 = 8 - 6i
o Divide by 5: (8/5) + (-6/5)i
o Answer: 8/5 - 6/5i

7. 17 / (3 + 5i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - 5i):
(17 × (3 - 5i)) / ((3 + 5i) × (3 - 5i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - (5i)²) = 9 - 25(-1) = 9 + 25 = 34
o Expand numerator:
 (17 × 3) + (17 × -5i) = 51 - 85i
o Divide by 34: (51/34) + (-85/34)i
o Simplify fractions: 3/2 - 5/2i
o Answer: 3/2 - 5/2i

8. 13 / (3 + 2i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - 2i):
(13 × (3 - 2i)) / ((3 + 2i) × (3 - 2i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - (2i)²) = 9 - 4(-1) = 9 + 4 = 13
o Expand numerator:
 (13 × 3) + (13 × -2i) = 39 - 26i

o Divide by 13: (39/13) + (-26/13)i
o Simplify: 3 - 2i
o Answer: 3 - 2i

9. (3 - 2i) / (1 - 4i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + 4i):
((3 - 2i) × (1 + 4i)) / ((1 - 4i) × (1 + 4i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - (4i)²) = 1 - 16(-1) = 1 + 16 = 17
o Expand numerator:
 (3 × 1) + (3 × 4i) + (-2i × 1) + (-2i × 4i)
 3 + 12i - 2i - 8i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -8i² with 8
 3 + 12i - 2i + 8 = 11 + 10i
o Divide by 17: (11/17) + (10/17)i
o Answer: 11/17 + 10/17i

10. (2) / (1 + 3i)

 Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 - 3i):

(2 × (1 - 3i)) / ((1 + 3i) × (1 - 3i))
 Expand denominator: (1² - (3i)²) = 1 - 9(-1) = 1 + 9 = 10
 Expand numerator:
o (2 × 1) + (2 × -3i) = 2 - 6i
 Divide by 10: (2/10) + (-6/10)i
 Simplify fractions: 1/5 - 3/5i
 Answer: 1/5 - 3/5i

This completes Example 2, Q1.

Would you like me to continue with Example 2, Q2?

Now, let's solve Example 2, Q2 step by step.

Example 2: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers

Q2: Express in the form a + bi

1. (5 + 12i) / (2 - 3i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (2 + 3i):
((5 + 12i) × (2 + 3i)) / ((2 - 3i) × (2 + 3i))
o Expand denominator: (2² - (3i)²) = 4 - 9(-1) = 4 + 9 = 13
 o Expand numerator:
 (5 × 2) + (5 × 3i) + (12i × 2) + (12i × 3i)
 10 + 15i + 24i + 36i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 36i² with -36
 10 + 15i + 24i - 36 = -26 + 39i
o Divide by 13: (-26/13) + (39/13)i
o Simplify: -2 + 3i
o Answer: -2 + 3i

2. 6 / (1 + i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 - i):
(6 × (1 - i)) / ((1 + i) × (1 - i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 1 + 1 = 2
o Expand numerator:
 6 × 1 - 6 × i = 6 - 6i
o Divide by 2: (6/2) + (-6/2)i
o Simplify: 3 - 3i
o Answer: 3 - 3i

3. (5 + 4i) / (5 - 4i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (5 + 4i):
((5 + 4i) × (5 + 4i)) / ((5 - 4i) × (5 + 4i))
o Expand denominator: (5² - 4i²) = 25 - 16(-1) = 25 + 16 = 41
o Expand numerator:
 (5 × 5) + (5 × 4i) + (4i × 5) + (4i × 4i)
 25 + 20i + 20i + 16i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 16i² with -16
 25 + 20i + 20i - 16 = 9 + 40i
o Divide by 41: (9/41) + (40/41)i
o Answer: 9/41 + 40/41i

4. 1 / (3 - i + 6i)
o Simplify denominator: 3 - i + 6i = 3 + 5i
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - 5i):
(1 × (3 - 5i)) / ((3 + 5i) × (3 - 5i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - 5i²) = 9 - 25(-1) = 9 + 25 = 34
o Expand numerator: (3 - 5i)
o Divide by 34: (3/34) + (-5/34)i
o Answer: 3/34 - 5/34i

5. (3 - 6i) / (3 - 6i + 3i)
o Simplify denominator: 3 - 6i + 3i = 3 - 3i
 o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 + 3i):
((3 - 6i) × (3 + 3i)) / ((3 - 3i) × (3 + 3i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - 3i²) = 9 - 9(-1) = 9 + 9 = 18
o Expand numerator:
 (3 × 3) + (3 × 3i) + (-6i × 3) + (-6i × 3i)
 9 + 9i - 18i - 18i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -18i² with 18
 9 + 9i - 18i + 18 = 27 - 9i
o Divide by 18: (27/18) + (-9/18)i
o Simplify: 3/2 - 1/2i
o Answer: 3/2 - 1/2i

6. (2 - i) / (1 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + i):
((2 - i) × (1 + i)) / ((1 - i) × (1 + i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 2
o Expand numerator:
 (2 × 1) + (2 × i) + (-i × 1) + (-i × i)
 2 + 2i - i - i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -i² with 1
 2 + 2i - i + 1 = 3 + i
o Divide by 2: (3/2) + (1/2)i
o Answer: 3/2 + 1/2i

7. (1 + i) / (1 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + i):
((1 + i) × (1 + i)) / ((1 - i) × (1 + i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 2
o Expand numerator:
 (1 × 1) + (1 × i) + (i × 1) + (i × i)
 1 + i + i + i²
 Since i² = -1, replace i² with -1
 1 + i + i - 1 = 2i
o Divide by 2: (0) + i
o Answer: i

This completes Example 2, Q2.

Would you like me to move to Example 1 or explain any step further?

Now, let's solve Example 2, Q2 step by step.

Example 2: Basic Operations with Complex Numbers
Q2: Express in the form a + bi

1. (5 + 12i) / (2 - 3i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (2 + 3i):
((5 + 12i) × (2 + 3i)) / ((2 - 3i) × (2 + 3i))
o Expand denominator: (2² - (3i)²) = 4 - 9(-1) = 4 + 9 = 13
o Expand numerator:
 (5 × 2) + (5 × 3i) + (12i × 2) + (12i × 3i)
 10 + 15i + 24i + 36i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 36i² with -36
 10 + 15i + 24i - 36 = -26 + 39i
o Divide by 13: (-26/13) + (39/13)i
o Simplify: -2 + 3i
o Answer: -2 + 3i

2. 6 / (1 + i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 - i):
(6 × (1 - i)) / ((1 + i) × (1 - i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 1 + 1 = 2
o Expand numerator:
 6 × 1 - 6 × i = 6 - 6i
o Divide by 2: (6/2) + (-6/2)i
o Simplify: 3 - 3i
o Answer: 3 - 3i

3. (5 + 4i) / (5 - 4i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (5 + 4i):
((5 + 4i) × (5 + 4i)) / ((5 - 4i) × (5 + 4i))
o Expand denominator: (5² - 4i²) = 25 - 16(-1) = 25 + 16 = 41
o Expand numerator:
 (5 × 5) + (5 × 4i) + (4i × 5) + (4i × 4i)
 25 + 20i + 20i + 16i²
 Since i² = -1, replace 16i² with -16
 25 + 20i + 20i - 16 = 9 + 40i
o Divide by 41: (9/41) + (40/41)i
o Answer: 9/41 + 40/41i

4. 1 / (3 - i + 6i)
o Simplify denominator: 3 - i + 6i = 3 + 5i
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 - 5i):
(1 × (3 - 5i)) / ((3 + 5i) × (3 - 5i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - 5i²) = 9 - 25(-1) = 9 + 25 = 34
 o Expand numerator: (3 - 5i)
o Divide by 34: (3/34) + (-5/34)i
o Answer: 3/34 - 5/34i

5. (3 - 6i) / (3 - 6i + 3i)
o Simplify denominator: 3 - 6i + 3i = 3 - 3i
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (3 + 3i):
((3 - 6i) × (3 + 3i)) / ((3 - 3i) × (3 + 3i))
o Expand denominator: (3² - 3i²) = 9 - 9(-1) = 9 + 9 = 18
o Expand numerator:
 (3 × 3) + (3 × 3i) + (-6i × 3) + (-6i × 3i)
 9 + 9i - 18i - 18i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -18i² with 18
 9 + 9i - 18i + 18 = 27 - 9i
o Divide by 18: (27/18) + (-9/18)i
o Simplify: 3/2 - 1/2i
o Answer: 3/2 - 1/2i

6. (2 - i) / (1 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + i):
((2 - i) × (1 + i)) / ((1 - i) × (1 + i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 2
o Expand numerator:
 (2 × 1) + (2 × i) + (-i × 1) + (-i × i)
 2 + 2i - i - i²
 Since i² = -1, replace -i² with 1
 2 + 2i - i + 1 = 3 + i
o Divide by 2: (3/2) + (1/2)i
o Answer: 3/2 + 1/2i

7. (1 + i) / (1 - i)
o Multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate (1 + i):
((1 + i) × (1 + i)) / ((1 - i) × (1 + i))
o Expand denominator: (1² - i²) = 1 - (-1) = 2
o Expand numerator:
 (1 × 1) + (1 × i) + (i × 1) + (i × i)
 1 + i + i + i²
 Since i² = -1, replace i² with -1
 1 + i + i - 1 = 2i
o Divide by 2: (0) + i
o Answer: i
This completes Example 2, Q2.

Would you like me to move to Example 1 or explain any step further?