PATHOLOGY

VOLUME 1
Cell adaptation, injury and death
1. Infarct and gangrene (2) *2
2. Dystrophic calcification (2)
3. Liquefactive necrosis and coagulative necrosis (2)
4. Fatty change (2) *3
5. Necrosis and apoptosis (2) *4
6. Dystrophic and metastatic calcification (2) *5
7. Free radical injury (2) *4
8. Reversible and irreversible injury (2) *2
9. Apoptosis (2)
10.Hypertrophy and hyperplasia (2)
11.Coagulative necrosis (2)
12.Describe morphological patterns of tissue necrosis with their causes and
examples (4)
13.Mechanism of fatty change of liver (2)
14.Dry and wet gangrene (2)
15.Hypertrophy and atrophy (2)

Inflammation and repair

1. Enlist chemical mediator of acute inflammation and describe arachidonic
acid metabolites in detail. (4)
2. Transudate and Exudate (2) *4
3. Healing of primary and secondary intention (2) *5
4. Chemotaxis (2)
5. Define inflammation and describe cellular events of acute inflammation
(4) *4
6. Cytokines (2) *3
7. Granuloma and granulomatous tissue (2)
8. Factors affecting healing of wound (2) *2
9. Vascular events of acute inflammation (2)
10.Define inflammation and describe vascular events in acute inflammation
(4)
Hemodynamic disorders
1. Pathogenesis of renal edema (2)
2. Hypovolemic shock (2)
3. Red and white infarct (2) *2
4. Septic shock (2)
5. Arterial and venous thrombus (2) *3
6. Describe the pathogenetic factors involved in thrombus formation (4)
7. Fat embolism (2)
8. Hyperemia and congestion (2)
9. Mechanism of ascites and portal hypertension (2)
10.Air embolism (2)

Genetic disorders
1. Klinefelter syndrome (2) *3
2. Turner syndrome (2) *3
3. Barr bodies (2)
4. Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive disorders (2)
5. Down syndrome (2)

Immunopathology
1. Sentinel lymph node and its importance (2)
2. T and B cells (2)
3. Type III hypersensitivity (2)
4. Granuloma (2) *2
5. Type I hypersensitivity reaction (2)
6. Amyloid stains (2) *2
7. Hypersensitivity reaction I and IV (2) *2
8. Primary and secondary amyloidosis (2)
9. Atopy (2)
10.Sago spleen (2)
11.Define hypersensitivity. Classify hypersensitivity reactions with
examples. (4)
12.Primary amyloidosis (2)
13.Type IV hypersensitivity (2)
14.Granulomatous inflammation (2) *2
 15.Type I and III hypersensitivity (2) *2
16.AA and AL amyloid (2)
17.Mechanism of evolution of granuloma (2)
18.Opportunistic infections in AIDS (2)
19.Primary tuberculosis (2)
20.Modes of transmission of HIV infection and tests for establishing HIV
infection (2)
21.Cell mediated and humoral immunity (2)
22.Secondary amyloidosis (2)
23.Classification of amyloidosis with examples (3)
24.Causes of splenomegaly and hypersplenism (2)
25.

Neoplasia
1. Define neoplasia and describe metastasis of tumours (4) *2
2. Benign and malignant tumour (2) *8
3. Define metastasis and describe pathways of spread of tumour (4)
4. Paraneoplastic syndrome (2)*2
5. Metaplasia and dysplasia (2) *2
6. Tumour suppressor genes (2)
7. Tumour metastasis (2)
8. Discuss the mechanism of invasion and metastasis in neoplasia (4)
9. Carcinoma and sarcoma (2) *2
10.Teratoma (2) *2
11.Major genetic properties of cancer (2)
12.Role of Epstein Barr virus (2)
13.Tumour markers (2) *2
14.Routes of spread of malignant tumour (2)
15.Mechanism of metastasis (2)

Infectious diseases
1. Tuberculous and typhoid ulcer (2)
2. Ghon complex (2) *2
3. LL and BT leprosy (2) *7
4. Primary and secondary tuberculosis (2)
5. Primary complex (2)
Environmental and nutritional diseases
1. Kwashiorkor and marasmus (2)

Disorders of platelets
2. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (2) *4
3. Blood transfusion reactions (2) *2
4. Non hemolytic blood transfusion (2)
5. Reverse cross matching (2)
6. Acute hemolytic reaction in blood transfusion (2)
7. Investigations in bleeding disorders (2)
8. Megakaryocyte (2)
9. Transfusion transmitted infection (2)
10.Von Willebrand factor (2)
11.Criteria for selection of a blood donor (2)
12.Acute transplant rejection (2)
13.PTI (2)
14.Bombay blood group (2)
15.Acute and chronic ITP (2)
16.Causes of thrombocytopenia (2)
17.Classify bleeding disorders and enumerate the lab investigations (3)
18.DIC (2)

WBC disorders
1. Classification of acute myeloid leukemia (2)
2. Leukopenia (2) *2
3. Multiple myeloma (2)
4. Peripheral blood picture of chronic myeloid leukemia (2)
5. Philadelphia chromosome (2) *2
6. Lab diagnosis of multiple myeloma (2) *4
7. Causes of leukocytosis (2)
8. Lab diagnosis of acute leukaemia (2) *2
9. CML and myeloid leukemoid reaction (2) *3
 10.AML and ALL (2)
11.Reticulocyte count (2)
12.Leukemia and leukemoid reaction (2) *3
13.Myeloblast and lymphoblast (2) *3
14.Leukemoid reaction (2) *3
15.Causes of eosinophilia (2)
16.Reed Sternberg cell (2) *2
17.Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (2)
18.Classify AML and describe peripheral blood smear morphology of AML
(4) *2
19.Eosinophilia (2)
20.CML (2)
21.Bence jones proteins (2) *2
22.Cytochemistry in acute leukemia (2)
23.FAB classification of AML (2) *3
24.Myelodysplastic syndrome (2)
25.Lab findings in CML (2)
26.Causes of leukemoid reaction and its characteristic lab findings (2)
27.Classification of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (2)
28.Role of cytochemistry in diagnosis of leukemia (2)
29.Burkitt’s lymphoma (2)

RBC disorders
1. Classify anemia and lab diagnosis of thalassemia (4)
2. Causes and lab diagnosis of microcytic hypochromic anemia (2) *2
3. Lab diagnosis of sickle cell anemia (2) *2
4. Classify anemia and describe megaloblastic anemia in detail (4) *3
5. Coombs test (2) *2
6. Sickle cell anemia (2) *5
7. Lab diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (2) *4
8. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (2) *6
9. Enumerate causes of macrocytic anemia. Describe peripheral blood
picture and bone marrow finding in case of megaloblastic anemia (4) *2
10.Thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia (2)
11.Direct and indirect Coombs test (2) *2
12.Classify anemia and describe iron deficiency anemia in brief (4) *2
13.Bone marrow picture of megaloblastic anemia (2)
14.Lab diagnosis of thalassemia (2)
15.Thalassemia major and thalassemia minor (2)
16.Polycythemia vera (2) *2
17.Bone marrow aspiration (2)
18.Hereditary spherocytosis (2)
19.Classify hemolytic anemias. Write lab diagnosis of thalassemia major (4)
20.Hereditary spherocytosis (2)
21.Anticoagulants used in hematology (2)
22.Rh system (2)
23.Classify anemias and write about the lab diagnosis of hemolytic anemias
(4)
24.Clinical features of thalassemia major (2)
25.Hemophilia A (2) *2
26.Pancytopenia (2) *2
27.Describe the clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency
anemia
28.G6PD deficiency (2)
29.Significance of ESR (2)
30.Haemophilia (2)
31.Pathogenesis of hereditary spherocytosis and enumerate causes of
intracorpuscular haemolytic anemias (3)
32.Lab diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia (2) *3
33.Anticoagulants used in hematology lab (2)
34.β thalassemia major (2)
35.Indications of bone marrow examination (3)
36.Causes of aplastic anemia (2)
VOLUME 2
CVS
1. Describe briefly the morphology, lab diagnosis and complications of
myocardial infarction (4) *2
2. Achoff nodule (2)
3. Complications of infective endocarditis (2) *3
4. Describe risk factors and morphology of atherosclerosis (4)
5. Vegetation of rheumatic and acute infective endocarditis (2) *7
6. Lab diagnosis of myocardial infarction (2) *3
7. Transmural and subendocardial myocardia infarct (2) *2
8. Subacute bacterial endocarditis (2)
9. Complications of atherosclerosis (2)
10.Morphological changes in rheumatic heart disease (2) *2
11.Write risk factors and investigations of myocardial infarction (4) *3
12.Short note on rheumatic heart disease (2)
13.Discuss risk factors, gross, microscopic features and complications of
atherosclerosis (4)
14.Complications of MI (2)
15.Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (3)
16.Complications of atheromatous plaques (2)

Lung
1. Broncho pneumonia and lobar pneumonia (2) *5
2. Extrinsic and intrinsic bronchial asthma (2)
3. Small cell carcinoma of lung (2) *4
4. Bronchiectasis (2) *2
5. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis (2) *2
6. Military tuberculosis (2)
7. Aetiopathogenesis of bronchogenic carcinoma (2)
8. Define emphysema. Enumerate types and write in brief about centriacinar
emphysema (4)
9. Risk factors for carcinoma lung (2)
10.Panacinar and centriacinar emphysema (2) *5
11.Pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (2) *2
12.Morphology of lobar pneumonia (2)
13.Asbestosis of lung (2)
14.Emphysema (2) *2
15.Atypical pneumonia (2)
 16.Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (2)
17.Lung abscess (2)
18.Types of bronchogenic carcinoma (2)
19.Etiopathogenesis of emphysema (2)

Liver and Gallbladder

1. Alcoholic cirrhosis (2)
2. Lab investigation in Hep B (2) *2
3. Hepatocellular jaundice (2)
4. Causes and morphology of liver cirrhosis (2)
5. Describe briefly the pathogenesis and lab diagnosis of hepatitis B
infection (4) *5
6. Hemolytic and obstructive jaundice (2) *3
7. Complications of gall stones (2) *2
8. Fatty liver (2) *2
9. Define, classify and describe pathogenesis of cirrhosis of liver (4)
10.Gall stones (2) *3
11.Describe antigenic structure of hepatitis B and its laboratory diagnosis (4)
12.Short note on portal hypertension (2)
13.Pathophysiology of viral hepatitis (2)
14.Hepatocellular and obstructive jaundice (2) *2
15.Causes and morphological changes in fatty liver (3)
16.Formation of gall stones (2)

GIT
1. Ulcerative colitis and Chrons disease (2) *6
2. Classification and morphology of carcinoma of stomach (2)
3. Benign and malignant gastric ulcer *3
4. Enumerate ulcerative lesions of small intestine. Write etiopathogenesis
and morphology of chrons disease (4)
5. Complications of acute appendicitis (2)
6. Discuss the role of H. pylori in gastric lesions (4) *3
7. Pathology of intestinal tuberculosis (2)
8. Barret’s esophagus (2) *5
9. Ulcerative colitis (2)
10.Difference between gastric ulcer and malignant ulcer of stomach (2)
11.Tuberculous and typhoid ulcer (2) *2
12.Describe gross and microscopic features of gastric adenocarcinoma (4) *2
13.Ulcers in intestine (2)
 14.Chron’s disease (2)
15.Complications of peptic ulcers (2)
16.Tuberculous and amoebic ulcers (2)
17.Differentiate between gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers (3)
18.Etiopathogenesis and morphology of peptic ulcer (3)

Kidney
1. Nephritic and nephrotic syndrome (2) *8
2. Classify glomerular diseases. Write morphological feature of post
streptococcal glomerulonephritis (4) *3
3. Wilms tumour (2) *5
4. Describe pathogenesis and lab diagnosis of rapidly proliferative
glomerulonephritis (RPGN) (4) *4
5. Malignant and benign nephrosclerosis (2) *3
6. Morphology of chronic pyelonephritis (2) *2
7. Renal cell carcinoma (2) *2
8. Describe the morphologic and laboratory features of acute post
streptococcal glomerulonephritis (4) *2
9. Lab investigation in chronic pyelonephritis (2)
10.Minimal change glomerulonephritis (2)
11.Renal stones (2)
12.Define nephrotic syndrome. Explain its causes and pathophysiology (4)
13.Describe mechanism of glomerular injury in glomerulonephritis (3)
14.Hypertensive nephropathy (2)
15.Urinary findings of chronic pyelonephritis (3)

Female genital tract

1. CIN of cervix (2)
2. Teratoma (2) *3
3. Mature and immature teratoma (2)
4. Leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma (2)
5. Leiomyoma (2) *2
6. Dysgerminoma (2)
7. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (2)
8. Struma ovari (2)
9. Etiopathogenesis and morphology of cervical cancer (2)
10.Serous and mucinous cystadenoma of ovary (2)
11.Choriocarcinoma (2)
12.Classification of ovarian tumours (2)
 13.Germ cell tumours of ovary (2)

Endocrine
1. Hashimoto thyroiditis (2) *8
2. Renal changes in diabetes (2) *3
3. Papillary carcinoma thyroid (2) *3
4. Type I and II diabetes mellitus (2) *2
5. Multinodular goitre (2) *2
6. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (2)
7. Colloid goitre (2)
8. Describe etiopathogenesis of diabetes (4)
9. Grave’s disease (2)
10.Insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (2) *2

Breast
1. Prognostic indicators and breast carcinoma (2)
2. Phyllodes tumour (2)
3. Fibroadenoma of breast (2) *4
4. Seminoma (2)
5. Prognostic factor in carcinoma breast (2) *2
6. Paget’s disease of the breast (2) *2
7. Types of breast carcinoma (2)

Bones, joints and soft tissue

1. Osteosarcoma (2)
2. Giant cell tumour of bone (2) *2
3. Sequestrum and involucrum (2)
4. Ewing sarcoma (2) *3
5. Osteogenic sarcoma (2) *3
6. Chronic osteomyelitis (2) *3
7. Giant cell tumour and osteosarcoma (2)
8. Brown tumour (2)

Male genital system

1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (2) *3
2. Seminoma and teratoma (2)
3. Seminoma (2) *2
4. Dysgerminoma (2)
Skin
1. Basal cell carcinoma (2) *2

CNS
1. CSF findings of viral and tubercular meningitis (2) *3
2. CSF findings in tuberculous and pyogenic meningitis (2) *4
3. CSF changes in meningitis (2)
4. Pyogenic and viral meningitis (2) *2
5. Meningioma (2) *5
6. Glioma (2)
7. Glioblastoma multiform (2)
8. Bacterial and viral meningitis (2)
9. Etiology of meningitis (2)

Head and neck

1. Mixed parotid tumour (2)
2. Pleomorphic adenoma (2)

Skin
1. Basal cell carcinoma of skin (2) *2