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Mark Scheme (Results)
January 2017
Pearson Edexcel
International A-Level Mathematics
Decision Mathematics 1 (WDM01)
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January 2017
Publications Code WDM01_01_1701_MS
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© Pearson Education Ltd 2017
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General Marking Guidance
All candidates must receive the same treatment.
Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the
same way as they mark the last.
Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates
must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do
rather than penalised for omissions.
Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade
boundaries may lie.
There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be
awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if
deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.
Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if
the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according
to the mark scheme.
Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate
has replaced it with an alternative response.
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EDEXCEL GCE MATHEMATICS
General Instructions for Marking
1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75.
2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of
marks:
M marks: method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and
attempting to apply it’, unless otherwise indicated.
A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method
(M) marks have been earned.
B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
Marks should not be subdivided.
3. Abbreviations
These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in
the mark schemes.
bod – benefit of doubt
ft – follow through
the symbol will be used for correct ft
cao – correct answer only
cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of
the question to obtain this mark
isw – ignore subsequent working
awrt – answers which round to
SC: special case
oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
dep – dependent
indep – independent
dp decimal places
sf significant figures
The answer is printed on the paper
The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark
4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao.), unless shown, for
example, as A1 ft to indicate that previous wrong working is to be
followed through. After a misread however, the subsequent A marks
affected are treated as A ft, but manifestly absurd answers should
never be awarded A marks.
5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or
materially simplify it, deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in
that part of the question affected.
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6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:
If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is
NOT crossed out.
If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out,
mark all the attempts and score the highest single attempt.
7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct
answer.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
1 10 M1
2 6 Noether – reject 6 – 10
A1
1 5
2 3 Gauss – reject 1 – 3
1.
4 5 A1
2 5 Lagrange – reject 5
4 4 Hamilton (reject 4)
Hilbert not in list A1cso (4)
4 marks
Notes for Question 1
1M1: Choosing middle right pivots (choosing middle left is M0) + an attempt at discarding/retaining half
the list
1A1: First pass correct i.e. 6th item and using 1 – 5 in the second pass (must not be using the 6th item in the
second pass)
2A1: Second and third passes correct i.e. 3rd (G) and 5th (L) items (no sticky pivots) – need not be rejecting
the 5th item for this mark
3A1: CSO search complete (so rejecting 5th and 4th items (which in the case of the 4th item may be implicit))
+ ‘not found’ – must be a clear distinction between Hamilton and Hilbert
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
M1; A1; A1
2. (a) AF, AB, BE; BC, CG; BH, DH
(3)
(b) B1 (1)
(c) Weight of tree = 178 (mins) B1 (1)
5 marks
Notes for Question 2
a1M1: First three arcs correctly chosen in order (AF, AB, BE, …) or first four nodes correctly chosen in
order (A, F, B, E, …). If any rejections seen at any point then M1 (max) only. Order of nodes may be
seen on the top of the table {1,3,-,-,4,2,-,-}. If only the weights of the arcs are stated then withhold this mark
a1A1: First five arcs correctly chosen in order (AF, AB, BE, BC, CG, …) or all eight nodes correctly
chosen in order (A, F, B, E, C, G, H, D). Order of nodes may be seen on the top of the table
{1,3,5,8,4,2,6,7} – do not condone any missing numbers so, for example, the 8 must be above D
a2A1: CSO – all arcs correctly stated and chosen in the correct order. Candidates must be considering arcs
for this final mark (do not accept a list of nodes or numbers across the top of the table unless the correct list
of arcs (in the correct order) is also seen)
Misread: Starting at a node other than A scores M1 only – must have the first three arcs (or four nodes or
four numbers) correct (and in the correct order) – condone any rejections seen for this mark
b1B1: CAO (condone lack of weights on arcs)
c1B1: CAO (condone lack of units)
For reference: AF(23), AB(27), BE(20), BC(24), CG(26), BH(28), DH(30)
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
3. (a) Alternating path: A – 6 = D – 2 = C – 5 = F – 4 M1
Change status: A = 6 – D = 2 – C = 5 – F = 4 A1
Improved matching: A = 6, B = 1, C = 5, D = 2, (E unmatched), F = 4 A1 (3)
e.g. A is only allocated to task 6 (so A must do task 6), so D must therefore be
matched to task 2 (as D can only be allocated to tasks 2 and 6) which leaves E
(b) B1 (1)
without a match (as E can only be allocated to task 2) – so there are three
workers that can only do two tasks
Alternating path: E–2=D–6=A–1=B–3
(c) M1
or E–2=D–6=A–1=B–5=C–3
Change status: E=2–D=6–A=1–B=3
A1
or E=2–D=6–A=1–B=5–C=3
Complete matching: A = 1, B = 3, C = 5, D = 6, E = 2, F = 4
A1 (3)
or A = 1, B = 5, C = 3, D = 6, E = 2, F = 4
7 marks
Notes for Question 3
a1M1: An alternating path from A to 4 (or vice-versa)
a1A1: CAO – a correct path including change status either stated or shown. Chosen path clear
a2A1: CAO (improved matching) must follow from the correct stated path. Accept on a clear diagram (with
five arcs only)
b1B1: for this mark tasks/workers must be referred to explicitly by number/letter – the two most common
arguments are those that state that there are three workers (A, D and E) that can only do two tasks (2 and 6)
or there are four tasks (1, 3, 4 and 5) that can only be done by three workers (B, C and F). For example,
A can only do 6, D can only do 2 and 6, and E can only do 2 – B1
A, D and E between them can only do 2 and 6 – B1
1, 3, 4 and 5 can only be done by B, C and F – B1
2 and 6 can only be done by A, D and E – B0
B, C and F can only do 1, 3, 4 and 5 – B0
There are three workers that can only do two tasks – B0
A can only do 6, E can only do 2 therefore D has no task to do – B0
A must do 6, E must do 2 so therefore D has no task to do as D can only do 6 and 2 – bod B1
c1M1: An alternating path from E to 3 (or vice-versa)
c1A1: CAO – a correct path including change status stated or shown. Chosen path clear
c2A1: CAO (complete matching) must follow from two correct stated paths (so both previous M marks
must have been awarded). Accept on a clear diagram (with six arcs only)
Misread: Alternating path from A to 3 in (a) – mark both parts (a) and (c) as a misread (so remove the final
two A marks if earned – so can score a maximum of M1A1A1 in (a) and M1A0A0 in (c))
In (a) Alternating path is A – 6 = D – 2 = C – 3 leading to A = 6, B = 1, C = 3, D = 2, (E unmatched), F = 5
In (c) (i) E – 2 = D – 6 = A – 1 = B – 5 = F – 4 or (ii) E – 2 = D – 6 = A – 1 = B – 3 = C – 5 = F – 4
leading to to (i) A = 1, B = 5, C = 3, D = 6, E = 2, F = 4 or (ii) A = 1, B = 3, C = 5, D = 6, E = 2, F = 4
If alternating path in (a) starts from E then send to review
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
178
4. (a) 3.95... so lower bound is 4 bins M1 A1 (2)
45
Bin 1: 23 18
Bin 2: 27 9
(b) Bin 3: 25 10 M1 A1 (2)
Bin 4: 12 30
Bin 5: 24
e.g. (left to right)
23 18 27 9 25 10 12 30 24
23 27 18 25 10 12 30 24 9 M1
27 23 25 18 12 30 24 10 9
A1
27 25 23 18 30 24 12 10 9
(c)
27 25 23 30 24 18 12 10 9
A1ft
27 25 30 24 23 18 12 10 9
27 30 25 24 23 18 12 10 9 A1cso (4)
30 27 25 24 23 18 12 10 9
List in order
Bin 1: 30 12
Bin 2: 27 18
(d) Bin 3: 25 10 9 M1 A1 (2)
Bin 4: 24
Bin 5: 23
e.g. 5 of the suitcases are over 22.5 (half the weight of a container). No two of
(e) B1 (1)
these five can be paired in a bin, so at least 5 bins will be required.
11 marks
Notes for Question 4
a1M1: Attempt to find the lower bound 178 30 / 45 (a value of 3.95 or 3.96 seen with no working can
imply this mark)
a1A1: CSO – correct calculation seen or 3.95 or 3.96 followed by 4 – accept 3.9 if correct calculation seen.
An answer of 4 with no working scores M0A0
b1M1: First six items placed correctly – condone cumulative totals for M1 only
b1A1: CSO – all correct
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
c1M1: Bubble sort. Consistent direction throughout sort, end number (greatest/least) in place and first pass
correct
c1A1: Second and third passes correct – so end three numbers in place
c2A1ft: Fourth and fifth passes correct following through from the candidate’s third pass – so end five
numbers in place
c3A1: CSO (correct solution only) – including either a ‘sort complete’ statement (after the seventh pass) or
final list rewritten/eighth pass
Sorting list into ascending order in (c)
If the candidate sorts the list into ascending order and reverses the list in (c) then they can score full marks
If the list is not reversed then mark as a misread (so remove the last two A marks earned). If the candidate
says that the list needs reversing but doesn’t actually show the reversed list then remove the final A mark
earned
d1M1: Must be using ‘sorted’ list in descending order. First six items placed correctly. Condone cumulative
totals for M1 only
d1A1: CSO – all correct
SC for (d) – if ‘sorted’ list is incorrect from part (c) and M0 would be awarded in (d) then award M1 only
in (d) for their first six items correctly placed – by ‘incorrect’ they can have only one error, e.g. one missing
number, one extra number, or one number incorrectly placed
e1B1: CAO – must have used five bins in (d) - an argument based on the fact that 5 of the suitcases weigh
more than half of the maximum weight capacity of a container. Allow mention of > 22 (rather than > 22.5)
right to left in (c)
23 18 27 9 25 10 12 30 24
30 23 18 27 9 25 10 12 24
30 27 23 18 25 9 24 10 12
30 27 25 23 18 24 9 12 10
30 27 25 24 23 18 12 9 10
30 27 25 24 23 18 12 10 9
List in order
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
5. (a) A(FG)C + E(FI)J = 14.5 + 9.2 = 23.7 M1 A1
A(F)E + C(GFI)J = 10.2 + 13.5 = 23.7 A1
A(FI)J + E(FG)C = 9.6 + 14.1 = 23.7 A1
So repeat tracks AF, EF, CG, FG, FI and IJ A1 (5)
(b) Any route e.g. AFAEFEHIFIKJIJGFGCGDCBA B1
Length = 106.7 + 23. 7 = 130.4 (km) DB1ft (2)
(c) The new track would make A and C even
So only EJ would need to be repeated B1
Extra distance would be 15 + 9.2 = 24.2 > 23.7
So it would increase the total distance (by 0.5 (km)) B1 (2)
9 marks
Notes for Question 5
a1M1: Three distinct pairings of the correct four odd nodes
a1A1: Any one row correct including pairing and total
a2A1: Any two rows correct including pairings and totals
a3A1: All three rows correct including pairings and totals
a4A1: Correct arcs explicitly identified and not just stated in their working. Accept e.g. AFGC but not AC
b1B1: Any correct route – checks: starts and finishes at A, 23 vertices, repeats AF, EF, CG, FG, FI and IJ
and node A appears 3, B(1), C(2), D(1), E(2), F(4), G(3), H(1), I(3), J(2), K(1)
b2B1ft: 130.4 or 106.7 + ft their least from (a) – this mark is dependent on at least two totals seen in (a)
c1B1: Explicit mention of EJ or EFIJ (not just 9.2) – if any other pairing mentioned then B0
c2B1: 24.2 + ‘increase’ provided 23.7 found as least in (a) or 130.9 + ‘increase’ provided 130.4 found in (b)
or 14.5 stated as the length of AC + increase or 14.5 compared with 15 + ‘increase’. This mark is not
dependent on the previous B mark – so B0B1 can be awarded
SC for (c): If B0B0 awarded but ‘increase of 0.5’ stated then award B1B0
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
M1
A1 (ABDE)
6. (a)
A1 (CG)
A1ft (FH)
Shortest path from A to H via D: ABDH length: 37 A1
Shortest path from A to H via G: ABECGH length: 21 + x A1
Shortest path from A to H via E: ABEH length: 13 + 2x A1 (7)
21+ x + 2 = 13 + 2x
(b) M1 A1 (2)
x = 10
9 marks
Notes for Question 6
In (a) the order of the working values must be correct for the corresponding A mark to be awarded
e.g. at F the working values must be 30 29 27 in that order (30 27 29 is incorrect). The order of
labelling must also be a strictly increasing sequence – so 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, … will be penalised once (see
notes below) but 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, … is fine. Errors in the final values and working values are penalised
before errors in the order of labelling
a1M1: A larger value replaced by a smaller value at least once in the working values at either C or D or F or
G
a1A1: All values in A, B, D and E correct and the working values in the correct order at D (including order
of labelling)
a2A1: All values C and G correct and the working values in the correct order. Penalise order of labelling
only once per question
a3A1ft: All values in F and H correct on the follow through and the working values in the correct order.
Penalise order of labelling only once per question. Ignore permanent label and final value at H
a4A1: ABDH and 37
a5A1: ABECGH and 21 + x
a6A1: ABEH and 13 + 2x
b1M1: Their final value from G (their 21) + x + 2 = their final value from E (their 13) + 2x – both
expressions must be linear in x
b1A1: CAO – if no working seen but x = 10 stated together with the correct two working values in x at H
then award M1A0
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
M1
A1
7. (a)
M1
A1 (4)
Critical:- e.g. zero float, no delay, immediate, if delayed project will finish late,
(b) B1
etc.
Path:- e.g. from start event to end event continuously, the event forming end of
B1 (2)
one activity forms the start of the next, etc.
(c) Critical path: AGIK B1 (1)
(d)(i) 4 day delay on J – no effect on the project completion date (float on J is 4) B1
(ii) 4 day delay on M – project finishes 1 day late (float on M is 3) B1 (2)
84
(e) 3.111..., so a minimum of 4 workers needed M1 A1 (2)
27
M1
(f) A1
A1 (3)
14 marks
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Notes for Question 7
a1M1: All top boxes complete, values generally increasing in the direction of the arrows (‘left to right’),
condone one ‘rogue’ value – condone a missing 0 in the first box for the M mark only
a1A1: CAO (top boxes)
a2M1: All bottom boxes complete, values generally decreasing in the opposite direction of the arrows
(‘right to left’), condone one ‘rogue’ value – condone a missing 0 in the first box for the M mark only
a2A1: CAO (bottom boxes)
b1B1: CAO for defining ‘critical’ part
b2B1: CAO for defining ‘path’ part
c1B1: CAO (AGIK)
d1B1: CAO – as a minimum accept ‘no effect’ but not just ‘0’
d2B1: CAO – as a minimum accept ‘1 day late’ or ‘finishes at their 27 + 1’ e.g. at time 28 but not just ‘28’
e1M1: Attempt to find lower bound: (a value in the interval [73 – 95] / their finish time) or (sum of the
activities / their finish time) or as a minimum accept awrt 3.1
e1A1: CAO – either a correct calculation seen or awrt 3.1 then 4. An answer of 4 with no working is M0A0
f1M1: Not a cascade chart. 4 ‘workers’ used at most and at least 9 activities placed
f1A1: 4 workers. All 15 activities present (just once). Condone at most two errors. An activity can give rise
to at most three errors; one on duration, one on time interval and only one on IPA
f2A1: 4 workers. All 15 activities present (just once). No errors
Activity Duration Time interval IPA
A 7 0–7 -
B 3 0–5 -
C 8 0 – 12 -
D 1 3–7 B
E 6 7 – 16 A, D
F 6 7 – 16 A, D
G 5 7 – 12 A, D
H 7 3 – 12 B
I 4 12 – 16 C, G, H
J 4 13 – 21 E
K 11 16 – 27 E, F, I
L 4 16 – 22 E, F, I
M 7 12 – 22 C, G, H
N 6 17 – 27 F, I, J
P 5 20 – 27 L, M
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
8. (a) Minimise ( P )2 x 3 y 5z B1
Subject to:
x y z 50 B1
y 2z B1
3
x y z x simplifies to 2 x 3 y 3z M1 A1
5
1
x y z y simplifies to 2y x z M1 A1
3
x, y, z 0 (7)
B1
B1
(b)
B1
B1 (4)
(c) Drawing an objective line accept reciprocal gradient M1
Correct objective line minimum length equivalent to (0, 5) to (7.5, 0) A1
V labelled correctly A1 (3)
(d) 20 ballpoint pens, 20 rollerball pens (and 10 fountain pens) DB1
Cost: (£) 150 DB1 (2)
16 marks
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Notes for Question 8
a1B1: CAO – expression correct and ‘minimise’
a2B1: CAO ( x y z 50)
a3B1: CAO ( y 2 z )
3
a1M1: Correct method - must see x y z x where is any inequality or =. The bracket must be
5
present or implied by later working
a1A1: CAO – simplified – answer must have integer coefficients (2 x 3 y 3z) - the correct inequality with
no working implies M1A1
1
a2M1: Correct method – must see x y z y where is any inequality or =. The bracket must be
3
present or implied by later working
a2A2: CAO – simplified – answer must have integer coefficients (2 y x z) - the correct inequality with
no working implies M1A1
In (b) lines must be long enough to define the correct feasible region and pass through one small ‘square’ of
the points stated in either the horizontal or vertical direction, e.g. for (90, 50) the line must pass through a
point in the interval [88, 92] for x or [49, 51] for y:
x y 40 from (0, 40) to (40, 0)
2 x 3 y 30 from (30, 10) to (97.5, 55)
x 2 y 10 from (0, 5) to (90, 50)
y 20 from (0, 20) to (90, 20)
b1B1: Any two lines correctly drawn
b2B1: Any three lines correctly drawn
b3B1: All four lines correctly drawn
b4B1: Region, R, correctly labelled – not just implied by shading – dependent on scoring the first three
marks in this part
c1M1: Drawing the correct objective line or its reciprocal. Line must be correct to within one small ‘square’
if extended from axis to axis in either the horizontal or vertical direction. If their line is shorter than the
length equivalent to that of the line from (0, 5) to (7.5, 0) then M0
c1A1: Correct objective line – same condition that the line must be correct to within one small ‘square’ if
extended from axis to axis in either the horizontal or vertical direction
c2A1: V labelled clearly on their graph. This mark is dependent on all four marks in (b) and the previous A
mark in (c). By clearly labelled the vertex should either be labelled ‘V’ or circled or clearly distinguishable
from any other vertex (but A0 if not clear e.g. another vertex circled too)
d1B1: CAO dependent on full marks in (b) and at least M1A1 in (c) – condone no mention of fountain pens
– answer must be in context
d2B1: CAO dependent on full marks in (b) and at least M1A1 in (c) - condone lack of units
