camelCase
In some languages, it’s common to use camel case (otherwise known as “mixed case”) for
variables’ names when those names comprise multiple words, whereby the first letter of the
first word is lowercase but the first letter of each subsequent word is uppercase. For instance,
whereas a variable for a user’s name might be called name, a variable for a user’s first name
might be called firstName, and a variable for a user’s preferred first name (e.g., nickname)
might be called preferredFirstName.
Python, by contrast, recommends snake case, whereby words are instead separated by
underscores (_), with all letters in lowercase. For instance, those same variables would be
called name, first_name, and preferred_first_name, respectively, in Python.
In a file called camel.py, implement a program that prompts the user for the name of a
variable in camel case and outputs the corresponding name in snake case. Assume that the
user’s input will indeed be in camel case.
Hints
• Recall that a str comes with quite a few methods, per
docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#string-methods.
• Much like a list, a str is “iterable,” which means you can iterate over each of its
characters in a loop. For instance, if s is a str, you could print each of its characters, one at a
�me, with code like:
• for c in s:
• print(c, end="")
Coke Machine
Suppose that a machine sells botles of Coca-Cola (Coke) for 50 cents and only accepts coins in these
denomina�ons: 25 cents, 10 cents, and 5 cents.
In a file called coke.py, implement a program that prompts the user to insert a coin, one at a �me,
each �me informing the user of the amount due. Once the user has inputed at least 50 cents,
output how many cents in change the user is owed. Assume that the user will only input integers,
and ignore any integer that isn’t an accepted denomina�on.
Demo
Just se�ng up my twtr
When tex�ng or twee�ng, it’s not uncommon to shorten words to save �me or space, as by
omi�ng vowels, much like Twiter was originally called twttr. In a file called twttr.py,
implement a program that prompts the user for a str of text and then outputs that same
text but with all vowels (A, E, I, O, and U) omited, whether inputed in uppercase or
lowercase.
Hints
• Recall that a str comes with quite a few methods, per
docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#string-methods.
• Much like a list, a str is “iterable,” which means you can iterate over each of its
characters in a loop. For instance, if s is a str, you could print each of its characters, one at a
�me, with code like:
• for c in s:
• print(c, end="")
Vanity Plates
In Massachusets, home to Harvard University, it’s possible to request a vanity license plate for your
car, with your choice of leters and numbers instead of random ones. Among the requirements,
though, are:
• “All vanity plates must start with at least two letters.”
• “… vanity plates may contain a maximum of 6 characters (letters or numbers) and a
minimum of 2 characters.”
• “Numbers cannot be used in the middle of a plate; they must come at the end. For
example, AAA222 would be an acceptable … vanity plate; AAA22A would not be
acceptable. The first number used cannot be a ‘0’.”
• “No periods, spaces, or punctuation marks are allowed.”
In plates.py, implement a program that prompts the user for a vanity plate and then output
Valid if meets all of the requirements or Invalid if it does not. Assume that any leters in the
user’s input will be uppercase. Structure your program per the below, wherein is_valid returns
True if s meets all requirements and False if it does not. Assume that s will be a str. You’re
welcome to implement addi�onal func�ons for is_valid to call (e.g., one func�on per
requirement).
Hints
• Recall that a str comes with quite a few methods, per
docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#string-methods.
• Much like a list, a str is a “sequence” (of characters), which means it can be “sliced” into
shorter strings with syntax like s[i:j]. For instance, if s is "CS50", then s[0:2] would be
"CS".
Nutri�on Facts
The U.S. Food & Drug Adminstration (FDA) offers downloadable/printable posters that
“show nutrition information for the 20 most frequently consumed raw fruits … in the United
States. Retail stores are welcome to download the posters, print, display and/or distribute
them to consumers in close proximity to the relevant foods in the stores.”
In a file called nutrition.py, implement a program that prompts consumers users to input a
fruit (case-insensitively) and then outputs the number of calories in one portion of that fruit,
per the FDA’s poster for fruits, which is also available as text. Capitalization aside, assume
that users will input fruits exactly as written in the poster (e.g., strawberries, not
strawberry). Ignore any input that isn’t a fruit
Hints
• Rather than use a conditional with 20 Boolean expressions, one for each fruit, better
to use a dict to associate a fruit with its calories!
• If k is a str and d is a dict, you can check whether k is a key in d with code like:
• if k in d:
• ...
• Take care to output the fruit’s calories, not calories from fat!
