ubZ mEehn

leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

bEekuq,y gkfLiVy ,lksfl,'ku

 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 1

vfHkLoh—fr
bl e‚Mîwy dks cukus esa fuEu lzksrksa o O;fä;ksa us ;ksxnku fn;k%

 thr cgknqj
 lohrk nksbZeksbZ
 jktho fgUxlys
 gksi lkslkbVh
 dSju efFk;kl
 tsQ efFk;kl
 gsysu eksjxu
 fdEcjyh ikej
 vksiu lkslkbVh
 'kSe'ku jk.kk
 vrqy flag
 Lusgk
 elwjh Vhe% 'kkfyuh Fkkik] jkuh HkkxhjFkh] lehrk flag vkSj deyk nsoh
 bEekuq,y gkfLiVy ,lksfl,'ku o lEcfU/kr çdk'ku] ftuesa ls dqN fuEu gSa%
 eSuq,y ubZ fn'kk & ;qokvksa esa yphysiu dks fodflr djuk
 f¶yipkVZ & Þleqnk, esa ekufld :i ls LoLF; jgukß
 çkstsDV cqjkal ds czks'kj
 esaVy gsYFk QkmaMs'ku U;wthySaM% ekufld LokLF; dh vksj ikap dne
 efgyk LokLF;% https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-
sheet/caregiver-stress.html
 çkstsDV cqjkal dh osclkbZV% http://projectburans.wixsite.com/burans
 ns[kHkky djusokyksa dk ruko o Fkdku% ÅtkZ] ldkjkRed o vk'kk dks iqu% çkIr djus dh ;qfä;k¡%
http://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/caregiving-stress-and-burnout.htm
 bykt ds :id% http://www.getselfhelp.co.uk/metaphors.htm
 dkSu fdldk vkSj U;k% http://www.whoswhoandthenew.blogspot.com

ysvkmV vkSj xzkfQd fMtkbu & lqvkufyu rkaxiqvk] bZ- ,p] ,

2 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

fo"k; lwph

vfHkLoh—fr 1
fo"k; lwph 2
eSU;qvy dk ç;ksx dSls djsa 3
le; lkj.kh 4
e‚Mîwy 1% ns[kHkky djus okys D;k gS\ 5
e‚Mîwy 2% ekufld chekjh 7
e‚Mîwy 3% ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä dh ns[kHkky djuk 1 & ,d laokn dkS'ky 12
e‚Mîwy 4% ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä dh ns[kHkky djuk 2 & ckrphr 14
e‚Mîwy 5% nokb;ka 17
e‚Mîwy 6% 'kjkc vkSj lsgr 22
e‚Mîwy 7% ruko dk çcU/ku 25
e‚Mîwy 8% Lo;a dh ns[kHkky 30
e‚Mîwy 9% ,d çHkkoh ns[kHkkydrkZ gksuk o leh{kk djuk 34
xzUFklwph 36
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 3

eSU;qvy dk ç;ksx dSls djsa

;g eSU;qvy lkbdks lks'ky fMlsfcfyVh ls xzLr O;fä;ksa dh ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds leqnk; ij vk/kkfjr lewg ds
lapkyu ds fy, lalk/ku gSA blds çR;sd eksMîwy fdlh dkS'ky o Kku ij dsafær gSa tks ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds fy,
lgk;d gSaA uhps fn, x, Vscy esa ns[kHkkydrkZvksa ds lewg ds lapkyu esa lgk;d fn'kk funsZ'ku fn, x, gSaA

 ekufld jksxh dh ns[kHkky ,d vf}rh; fLFkfr gS tks iqjLdkj]

ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds fy, lgk;d
lewg D;ksa vko';d gS\ os bl lewg fparkvksa o pqukSfr;ksa ls tqM+h gSA
 ns[kHkky djus okys vU; ns[kHkkydrkZvksa ds lkFk cSBd esa
ls D;k lh[ksaxs\
lekftd leFkZu o Kku c<+k ldrs gSaA
 ,d lapkfyr lewg esa ns[kHkkydrkZ ns[kHkky esa lgk;d
tkudkjh] dkS'ky o rjhds lh[k ldrs gSaA

ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds lewg esa  og O;fä tks lkbdks lks'ky fMlsfcfyVh ls xzLr O;fä dh ns[kHkky
fdldks vkeaf=r gksuk pkfg,\ djrs gSaA ;k og O;fä tks lewg dh cSBd esa 'kkfey gksuk pkgrs gSaA
 dksf'k'k djsa fd ,d nwljs ds vkl&ikl jgus okyksa o ,d gh leqnk;
ds O;fä;ksa dk lewg cuk;k tk,A
 vkerkSj ij mu lewgksa esa [kqydj ckrphr gksrh gS] ftuesa leku fyax
ds lnL; gksrs gSaA

ns[kHkky djus okys lewg dks fdruh  le; vkSj miyC/krk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, lewg dks yxkrkj feyuk
ckj feyuk pkfg,\ pkfg, & eghus esa de ls de ,d ckj feyuk pkfg,A
 lewg ds lnL;ksa dks lHkh cSBdksa esa fgLlk ysus ds fy, deZBrk
fn[kkuh pkfg,A
 çR;sd e‚Mîwy esa ,d ?kaVs dk le; yxsxkA

ns[kHkky djus okys lewg esa fdls gksuk  leqnk; dk dksbZ Hkh O;fä ftls i<+uk fy[kuk vkrk gSA
pkfg,\  lewg dh lqfo/kk ds fy, rhu fnu dk çf'k{k.k] ftuesa bu e‚Mîwy ds
fo"k;ksa dks fy;k tk,xk] ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, fd lewg
lgk;ddrkZ jkspd vkSj lgHkkxh rjhdksa dk mi;ksx dj ldsaA

Vscy 1 ns[kHkkydrkZ lewg ds xBu esa lgk;d fn'kk funsZ'ku

4 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

le; lkj.kh
ns[kHkkydrkZ lewg dh 'kq:vkr  lewg esa vkus okys gj ns[kHkkydrkZ dh igpku djsaA
ls igys ds lIrkg  feydj mfpr oä vkSj LFkku ij ppkZ djsa tgka lewg fey ldrk gSA
 lqfuf'pr djsa fd LFkku mfpr gks] lHkh lnL;ksa ds fy, mi;qä gks] tgka
vko';d yksx ;k #dkoVsa u gksaA

ehfVax ls igys dk fnu  vxys fnu çLrqr djus okys e‚Mîwy dks iwjk i<+saA
 LFkku lqfuf'pr djsa
 lalk/ku% lqfuf'pr djsa tks lalk/ku pkfg, og vkids ikl gksaA
 tks pkfg, mudh lwph gj e‚Mîwy ds vkjaHk esa gSA lalk/ku esa 'kkfey gSa cM+k
dkxt] ekdZj isu] ipsZ bR;kfnA

 lqfuf'pr djsa fd vki oä ls LFkku ij vko';d lalk/kuksa ds lkFk igqaps tks

ns[kHkkydrkZ lewg dks fdruh
vkius rS;kj fd, gSaA
ckj feyuk pkfg,\
 lqfuf'pr djsa fd gj lnL; dk Lokxr gks vkSj og vPNk eglwl djsaA

ns[kHkkydrkZ lewg dks  gj lIrkg fo"k; dks l= ds 'kq: esa ifjp; nsa vkSj l= ds var esa nksgjk,aA
fdruh ckj feyuk pkfg,\  ;fn fiNys l= esa x`g dk;Z fn;k gks rks lqfuf'pr djsa fd og bl l= esa
nksgjk;k tk,A

le;
 gj l= ,d ?kaVs dk gksuk pkfg,A
 fØ;k,a bl çdkj djsa fd e‚Mîwy dh tks ;kstuk gS og iwjh ykxw gks ldsA
 dHkh&dHkh dqN ,sls fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ 'kq: gks tkrh gSa tks egRoiw.kZ gSa & mu ij
ppkZ ds fy, oä nsa tks fd mi;qä vkSj yksxksa ds fy, ykHknk;d gS] t:jh gks
rks çksxzke dk oä esa FkksM+k Qsj&cny dj ppkZ ds fy, lnL;ksa dks oä nsaA

cjkcj lgHkkfxrk
 lqfuf'pr djsa fd gj lnL; cjkcj lgHkkxh gksA
 dqN lnL; çk—frd :i ls T;knk cksydj lewg ij gkoh gksrs gSaA
 lewg esa 'kehZys yksxksa dks Hkh vius fopkj ck¡Vus dh vuqefr nsaA

çk:i
 okrkZyki lfØ; vkSj lgHkkfxrk ds rjhdksa ij /;ku nsa] ftlds fy, eSU;qvy
esa fn, x, tYnh ls iwNusokys ç'uksa ls vki ppkZ dh 'kq#vkr dj ldrs gSaA
 dbZ ç'uksa ds ,d ls T;knk lgh tokc gksrs ldrs gSa
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 5

e‚Mîwy 1% ns[kHkky djus okys D;k gS\

e‚Mîwy dk mís';% vko';d lkexzh%
 lkjs çfrHkkxh ,d [kqys o lgt okrkoj.k esa ,d nwljs dks  cM+k dkxt
tku ldsaA  ekjdj isu
 çfrHkkxh lewg ds dkj.k o mís';ksa dks le> ldsaA  mi;qä LFkku

igyh çfØ;k% nwljh çfØ;k%

 viuk ifjp; nsuk vkSj lewg dk  lewg ds lnL;ksa dks tksM+ksa esa ckVsaA
mís'; crkukA  gj O;fä ckjh&ckjh ls vius lkFkh dk baVjO;w ysxkA
 viuk vkSj vius NGO / çkstsDV ç'u gSa%
dk ifjp; nsukA  vkids lkFkh dk uke D;k gS\
 ;g le>k,a fd ogka ij mifLFkr  og fdl dh ns[kHkky djrs gSa\
lHkh yksx ekufld :i ls fcekj  og lewg ls D;k lh[kus dh mEehn j[krs gSa\
yksxksa dh ns[kHkky djrs gSaA  nwljs O;fä ds ckjs esa ,d euksjatd ckr crk,a
 ekufld :i ls fcekj yksxksa dh
ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds vrqyuh;  baVjO;w iwjk djus ds ckn cM+s lewg esa okil vkdj gj
vkSj egRoiw.kZ dk;Z dk t'u O;fä vius lkFkh dk ifjp; nsA
eukukA
 le>k,a fd lewg esa lHkh
ns[kHkky djus okys tqM+s vkSj çfØ;k ls lh[ksa%
fopkj vuqHko ckVsaxsA  crk,a fd bl fØ;k esa çfrHkkfx;ksa us çHkkoh :i ls lquus
ds }kjk dkS'ky dk bLrseky fd;k vkSj eq[; tkudkjh
dks nksgjk;kA

rhljh çfØ;k % dkSu] D;k] D;ksa] dgka] dc

 ns[kHkky djus dh mudh Hkwfedk ij lkspus o ppkZ djus ds fy, mUgsa çksRlkfgr djsaA
 lewg ds orZeku Kku ds ckjs esa çca/kd dks lwfpr djsaA
 vki ppkZ ,d cM+s lewg esa ;k NksVs lewgksa esa dj ldrs gSaA
 ,d cM+s dkxt esa muds mÙkj fy[ksaA
 vki ç'uksa dk :i cny ldrs gSaA
 ç'u ;g gks ldrs gSa %
 lnL;ksa dks viuk Kku ckaVus dks dgsaA
 ns[kHkky djus okyk dkSu gS\
 ekufld chekfj;ksa ds fpUg o~ y{k.kksa
 vkids fj'rsnkj dks ns[kHkky dh vko';drk D;ksa gS\
dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, vki crk ldrs gSa
 vkids fj'rsnkj ,sls D;ksa gS\
fd D;ksa ns[kHkky djus okyksa dh Hkwfedk
 vkidks lgk;rk dgka ls feyrh gS
egRoiw.kZ gSA
 vkidks lgk;rk dc ekaxuh pkfg,\

fØ;k ls lh[ksa%
 ;g xfrfof/k ml tkudkjh ij /;ku dsafær djus djsxh ftls iwjs ikBîØe esa fn;k tk,xkA
 dkxt dks vkf[kjh l= esa leh{kk ds fy, j[ksaA vkf[kjh l= esa leh{kk ds }kjk lewg ds lnL;ksa ds Kku esa
gq, ifjorZu dk irk pysxkA
6 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

pkSFkh fØ;k% ikapoh fØ;k%

 vkus okys g¶rksa ds fo"k; dk ifjp; nsrs gq,]  lewg ls mEehnksa ij ppkZ djus ds lkFk]
fiNys fo"k;ksa dks Hkh nksgjk,aA loZ&lgefr ls fu;e cuk,aA
 vkus okys fo"k;ksa dh lwph fy[kk,a ;k fyf[kr tSls % gj l= esa lkeqnkf;d dk;ZdrkZ mifLFkr
lwph nsaA jftLVj ysdj vk,aA
 gj fo"k; dk lafNIr esa o.kZu djsa ¼ifjp; nsa½ %  lewg ds fu;e dk uewuk %
vf/kd xgjkbZ esa u tk,a D;ksafd ;g flQZ fo"k;ksa  ge dksf'k'k djrs gSa fd le; ls vkSj gj
dk ifjp; nsus ds fy, gSA l= esa ekStwn gksA
 ekufld chekjh D;k gksrh gS\  ,d nwljs dh bTtr djus ds lkFk] lHkk esa
 nokbZ;ka ,d nwljs dh lqurs gSaA
 ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä ds lkFk dSls  rFkk lHkk esa gqbZ ppkZ dks ckgj ugha ck¡Vrs gSaA
is'k vk,aA  lewg ds fu;e fy[ksa vkSj lHkk esa ns[kus ds fy,
 'kjkc vkSj lsgr@LokLF; lkeus j[ksaA
 fpark@ruko
 Lo;a dh ns[kHkky
 l= dk lkjka'kA

fu"d"kZ%
lnL;ksa dks vius lkFkh ds ikl tkus dks dgsaA fuEufyf[kr ij ppkZ djus dks dgsa %
 vkt mUgksaus D;k lh[kk\
 vkus okys g¶rksa ds fo"k;ksa esa mUgsa fdl fo"k; dk bartkj gS vkSj D;ksa\
 vkt tks lh[kk ml ls lacaf/kr dksbZ ç'u gS\

var esa gj çfrHkkxh dks viuh ppkZ dks lewg ds lkFk ckaVus dks dgsaA lcdk /kU;okn djrs gq, mUgsa vxys
lIrkg dk oä ;kn fnyk,aA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 7

e‚Mîwy 2% ekufld chekjh

e‚Mîwy dk mís';% vko';d lkexzh%

lewg ds lnL; ;g lh[ksa %  cM+k dkxt
 ekufld chekjh D;k gS\  ekjdj iSu
 ekufld chekjh ds y{k.k  mi;qä LFkku
D;k gksrs gSa\  ¼çfrHkkfx;ksa ds fy,½ vk—fr;ksa dh çfrfyfi;k¡
 ekufld chekjh esa  fo"k; ls lacaf/kr dk;ZLFky miyC/k lk/ku
O;ogkj dSlk gksrk gS\  fp=] vk—fr] gSaM vkmV

igyh fØ;k
 lcdk Lokxr djsaA
 gj çfrHkkxh viuk ifjp; nsaA fuEufyf[kr ckrsa crk,a
 viuk uke
 bl lIrkg gqbZ ,d vPNh ?kVuk
 ,d pht tks mUgsa fiNys l= ls ;kn gSA

nwljh fØ;k % my>u dks lqy>k,A

 lnL;ksa dks xksykbZ esa [kM+k djsaA
 gj O;fä vius ck,a gkFk ls fdlh vkSj dk gkFk idM+sA
 nk,a gkFk ls fdlh vU; lnL; dk gkFk idM+sA
 gj gkFk fHkUu lnL; ls tksM+uk gS tks muds cxy esa u [kM+k gksA
 ;g ,d ekuoh tkyk tSlk cusxkA
 çfrHkkfx;ksa dks iwjs oä gkFk idM+s jguk gSA
 bldk mís'; feydj dk;Z djuk] pyuk rFkk okrkZyki djuk gS rkfd os 'kq#vkrh xksykbZ esa tk ldsA

bl lIrkg ds fo"k; ls laca/k% bl fØ;k ls D;k lh[kk%

 var esa ppkZ djsa fd çfrHkkfx;ksa dh bl fØ;k  bl xfrfof/k esa çfrHkkxh vius fnekx ij
ij D;k lksp cuh\ T;knk fuHkZj FksA
 D;k vkidks lkspuk iM+k fd [kqn dks lqy>kus  fnekx egRoiw.kZ gSA
ds fy, D;k djuk pkfg,\  fnekx fopkjksa vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa ij fu;a=.k
 lkekU; ppkZ djrk gSA
8 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

cpiu ds cqjs vuqHko vuqHko dVq lekftd vuqHko o uqdlku >syus ds dkj.k O;fä dks ekufld chekjh gks
ldrh gS A dqN ifjokjksa esa bldk [krjk T;knk gksrk gSA lkFk gh dbZ vU; dkj.k gks ldrs gSa] tks ge le>
ugha ikrsA ;s dkj.k fnekx ds dke djus ds rjhds dks çHkkfor djrs gSaA

fnekx dh egRoiw.kZrk

fnekx ds jlk;u % fnekx fu;a=.k djrk gS %

 fnekx ds fy, [kkn ds leku gSaA  og lc tks ge djrs gSaA
 fnekx dks fodflr gksus esa enn djrs gSaA  og lc tks ge dgrs gSaA
 tSls isVªksy ls dkj pyrh gSA  ftl rjg ge ftanxh thrs gSaA

'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld LokLF; ds fy, fnekx dk lgh rjg dk;Z djuk vko';d gSA
uhps fn, x, fp= fnekx dh Hkwfedk dks n'kkZrs gS %

cl Mªkboj cl pykus ds fy, ftEesnkj gS mlh rjg 'kjhj dks pykus ds fy, fnekx ftEesnkj gSA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 9

ppkZ ds fy, ç'u %

 D;k gksxk ;fn cl Mªkboj dk;Z ij ugha tkrk@ugha tk ikrk\
 cl dk D;k gksxk\
 lokjh dk D;k gksxk\
 D;k gksxk ;fn fnekx dk;Z u djsa@u dj ik,\
 'kjhj dks D;k gksxk\
 ;fn fnekx vLoLFk gks ;k Bhd ls dk;Z u djs rks ;g ekufld chekjh dk ladsr gSA

fnekx vLoLFk dSls gksrk gS\

fnekx vLoLFk dSls gksrk gS] bl ij çfrHkkfx;ksa dks tksM+ks esa caVdj fopkj&foe'kZ djus dks dgsaA
;g fp= cukdj le>kb, fd ekufld chekjh dk ,d ugha vusd dkj.k gSaA

cpiu esa
vk?kkr

vuqokaf'kd ekufld gkfudkjd

ruko ruko

fnekxh pksV

vuqokaf'kd% vkids fnekx dh lajpuk vkids utnhdh fj'rsnkj ls feyrh gSA dHkh&dHkh ekufld chekjh ,d
ih<+h ls nwljh ih<+h esa tk ldrh gSA bldk dkj.k gS fd euq"; dk fnekx xHkkZoLFkk esa cu tkrk gSA utnhdh
fj'rsnkjksa esa ;fn ijs'kkuh gks rks vkids fnekx dh jpuk ij vlj iM+ ldrk gSA

cpiu esa gqbZ nq?kZVuk dk vlj% 'kkjhfjd 'kks"k.k] gknls] chekjh& /;ku vkSj tks cpiu esa ns[kHkky t:jh gS
mlesa dehA

efLr"d esa pksV% nq?kZVuk] nks&ifg;k nq?kZVuk] lj ij pksV] v‚Dlhtu dh dehA

LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd ruko% ruko ;k fpark] Mj ;k nq%[k] lek/kku u dj ikuk] [kqn ls ;k nwljksa ls
csotg vis{kk ;k ekax j[kukA
10 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

dSls irk pysxk fd fdlh dk fnekx vLoLFk gS\

og D;k djsaxs\ D;k dgsaxs\ O;ogkj dSlk gksxk\ ;g vk—fr cM+s dkxt ij cukdj ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä ds
O;ogkj ij ppkZ djsaA

ekufld #i ls
chekj O;fä dk
O;ogkj ,oa
fØ;k,a

lewg dks ;g crkuk egRoiw.kZ gS fd %

 dkys tknw vkSj vkRekvksa ds dkj.k ekufld chekjh ugha gksrh gSA
 ekufld chekjh fdlh dh xyrh ugha gSA
;kn j[ksa ekufld ruko okys O;fä dk y{k.kksa ij de fu;a=.k gksrk gSA muds dkj.k og y{k.k ugha gq, ,oa
mUgsa enn dh vko';drk gSA

rhljh fØ;k & ç'uksÙkjh

ç'uksÙkj lewg dks nks fgLlksa esa ckaVsA vki gj ç'u ds ckn mÙkj crk,a ;g lc ç'uksa ds var esa ,d VsLV dh
rjg mÙkj cuk ldrs gSaA

iz'u%
1- lgh ;k xyr % ekufld chekjh fdlh dks Hkh gks ldrh gS\
mÙkj ¾ lghA
2- ekufld #i ls chekj O;fä ds rhu crkZo crk,a\
mÙkj ¾ [kqn ls ckrsa djuk] galuk] fpYykuk] vkØked O;ogkj] de lekftd xfrfof/k;ka] vlkekU; O;ogkj]
fcLrj esa jguk] 'kCn nksgjkukA
3- D;k ekufld chekjh xyr dk;Z dk naM gS\
mÙkj ¾ ughaA
4- lgh ;k xyr % ekufld chekjh] fnekx dh leL;k ls tqM+h gS\
mÙkj ¾ lghA
5- fdu rhu O;fä;ksa ls vki vius fj'rsnkj dh fnekxh chekjh ds ckjs esa ckr djds enn ekax ldrs gSa\
mÙkj ¾ ifjokj vkSj nksLr] lekftd dk;ZdrkZ] M‚DVj
6- D;k ekufld chekjh tq[kke dh rjg QSyrh gS\
mÙkj ¾ ughaA
7- rhu rjhds crk,a ftuls ekufld chekjh gks ldrh gS\
mÙkj ¾ mi;qZä fØ;k ns[ksaA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 11

8- D;k nq"VkRekvksa ds dkj.k ekufld chekjh gksrh gS\

mÙkj ¾ ugha
9- rhu rjhds crk,a tks ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä dh enn dj ldrs gSa\
mÙkj ¾ mudh lqus] ,d fu;fer lksus & [kkus dh lkj.kh cuk,a] 'kkar o~ ehBs Loj esa ckr djsa] vlgefr u
trk,a] laosnuk vkSj le>nkjh ls tokc nsaA
10- volkn ds rhu fpUg crk,aA
mÙkj ¾ nq%[kh Hkko] Hkfo"; dh mEehn u gksuk] vkRegR;k ds [;ky] de lkekftd xfrfof/k;ka] lqcg cgqr
tYnh mBuk] lkekU; uhan esa ijs'kkuh] udkjkRed lksapA

2
fu"d"kZ
 3]2]1 vH;klA
 lewg esa lcls iwNsa
 rhu phtsa tks vkt lh[kha
 fo"k; ds lacaf/kr nks loky
 ,d fopkj tks vkt ds l= esa lq>kA

x`g dk;Z
 ifjokj ds nks lnL;ksa ls ekufld chekjh ij ckr djsaA
 tks lh[kk og vius ifjokj ,oa nksLrksa dks Hkh crk,aA

2 http://www.whoswhoandthenew.blogspot.com
12 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

e‚Mîwy 3% ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä dh

ns[kHkky djuk & igyk laokn dkS'ky
e‚Mîwy dk mís';%  vko';d lkexzh%
vius fj'rsnkj ds ekufld chekjh  cM+k dkxt
ds fy, laokn dk egRo le>saA  ekdZj isu
 mfpr LFkku
 lsgr o ranq#Lrh ds rjhds ds ipsZ
 bZ-,p-, ds leku cuk, ifjp; ipsZ% ldkjkRed O;ogkj vkSj
dk;ksaZ ds c<+kos ds fy, –<+ ij ldkjkRed ikfjokfjd laoknA
 vU; fp=] vk—fr] ipsZ tks dh lgk;d gksaA

igyh fØ;k
çfrHkkfx;ksa dk Lokxr djrs gq, fuEufyf[kr lcds lkFk ckaVus dks dgsa%
 fiNys lIrkg dh ,d fo'ks"krk
 ,d pht tks fiNys l= ls ;kn gksA

nwljh fØ;k& tUefnu deZ okyh fØ;k

 dejs dh yackbZ ij yxrh ,d dkYifud ydhj dk ladsr djsaA
 ydhj mez n'kkZrh gSA mnkgj.k% ,d Nksj ij mez 20 lky gS ¼dksbZ Hkh mez ys ldrs gSa½ vkSj nwljs ij
¼100½A
 çfrHkkxh mez ds vuqlkj ykbu cuk,aA
 lcdks mez ds fglkc ls cM+s ls NksVs rd iafä esa [kM+k gksuk gSA
 ;g mUgsa fcuk cksys djuk gSA
 lewg laokn ds vU; rjhds bLrseky djsaA
 iafä cu tkus ij ,d Nksj ls çfrHkkxh viuh mez tksj ls cksysA

fØ;k ls lh[k
 ge ekSf[kd laokn ij fdrus fuHkZj gSaA
 ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä dh ns[kHkky ds fy, laokn vfuok;Z gSA
 ;g xfrfof/k n'kkZrh gS fd%
 ge tkurs gSa fd og D;k O;ä djuk pkgrs gSa ij ugha dj ikrsA
 çfrHkkxh ,slh ?kVuk ds ckjs esa lksps tc muds lkFk ;k fdlh fj'rsnkj ds lkFk ,slk gqvkA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 13

fo"k; dk ifjp; nsa%

gekjs fj'rsnkj ds çfr gekjk O;ogkj muds ekufld LokLF; ds fy, fdruk egRoiw.kZ gSA
çfrHkkfx;ksa dks vuqHko ls fj'rsnkj dh ,sls pqukSrhiw.kZ O;ogkj dks crkus dks dgsaA çfrHkkxh dks vius fj'rsnkj
ds ,sls O;ogkj dks crkus dks dgsa ftlls çfrHkkxh dh fuf'pr HkkokRed çfrfØ;k gqbZ gksA og Hk;] nq%[k ;k 'keZ
gks ldrh gSA mnkgj.k% iwue lat; dh fpark djrh gSA ,d fnu lat; cktkj esa iwue ij ukjkt gksdj
fpYyk;k] ftlls iwue dks cgqr 'keZ vkbZA iwue fdlh dks ugha crkuk pkgrh Fkh] ftl dkj.k og fpafrr o~
nq%[kh jgus yxhA

çfrHkkfx;ksa dks ,sls vuqHko gks ldrs gSaA ftl dkj.k og vius fj'rsnkj ls Mjrs gksaA mUgsa ,slk viuk
vuqHko ckaVus dks dgsaA

laokn
laf{kIr esa laokn ds rjhds crk,aA buds ckjs esa Vscy 2 esa crk;k x;k gSA

Vscy 2 % laokn ds izdkj

ekSf[kd cksyuk] fpYykuk]

vekSf[kd psgjs ds gko&Hkko] tSls eqLdqjkuk@eqag cukuk
gko & Hkko vka[ksa rjsjuk ?kqekuk] xys yxkuk] gkFk cka/ks j[kuk
Hkkoukvksa ij fu;a=.k [kksuk njoktk iVduk 'kkar

rhljh fØ;k
lnL;ksa dks lewg esa fuEufyf[kr ckaVus dks dgsa%
 ,d mnkgj.k tc mUgsa vius fj'rsnkj ls laokn esa dfBukbZ gqbZ gksA
 mu dfBu ifjfLFkfr esa mUgksaus D;k fd;k\
 D;k vki dqN dkj.k crk ldrs gSa ftl otg ls vkids fj'rsnkj ls esy&feyki djuk dfBu gS\
 fnekx ds jlk;u vlarqfyr gksus ds dkj.k lgh dke ugha djrkA
 laokn ds fy, fnekx }kjk Hkstk gqvk lans'k [kjkc gks tkrk gSA
 nokb;ksa ds nq"çHkko Hkh laokn ij vlj djrs gSaA
14 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

e‚Mîwy 4% ekufld chekjh ls xzLr

O;fä dh ns[kHkky djuk nwljk ckrphr
e‚Mîwy dk mís';% vko';d lkexzh%
vius fj'rsnkj dh ekufld  pkVZ isij
chekjh dh ns[kjs[k esa  ekjdj isu
esy&feyki@ckrphr vkSj O;ogkj  mi;qä LFkku
dh egRoiw.kZrk dks le>ukA  ranqjLrh vkSj lsgr thrus ds rjhds dk ipkZ
 çkstsDV ds ipsZ% ldkjkRed O;ogkj vkSj dk;Z cukus ds fy, –<+
vkSj ldkjkRed ifjokfjd laoknA
 vU; fp= vk—fr vFkok ifjp; tks vki lksprs gSa dkjxj gksaxsA

igyh xfrfof/k
lewg dks fuEufyf[kr ckaVus dks dgsa%
 fiNys lIrkg dh ,d fo'ks"k ckr
 fiNyh cSBd dh ,d ;knxkj ckr

O;ogkj esa ifjorZu dh rduhd%

fuEufyf[kr rhu rduhd ns[kHkky djus okyksa ds fy, lq>ko gS vius ekufld chekjh ls xzLr fj'rsnkj ds
O;ogkj dks ifjofrZr djus rFkk mudks laHkkyus ds fy, vupkgs O;ogkj ij /;ku u nsuk

ldkjkRed rFkk udkjkRed rk dks c<+kok nsuk% ;g mik; ldkjkRed O;ogkj

ds fy, buke nsuk gS bl mEehn ls fd og O;ogkj nksgjk;k tk,% mnkgj.k%
fdl çdkj ge ,d cPps ds vPNs O;ogkj ds fy, ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds lkeus
ç'kalk djrs gSa & ml ckr dks /;ku djrs gq, fd vkius mUgsa D;k djrs gq,
ns[kk vkSj mUgsa Hkkstu igys ijkslrs gSaA

uewuk@çfr:i% bl rduhd esa bPNk vuqlkj O;ogkj tkucw>dj fn[kk;k

tkrk gSA ns[kHkky djrs gq, vki bl O;ogkj dks çnf'kZr dj ldrs gSaA
mnkgj.k% fdl çdkj ekufld chekjh ls xzLr yksx cseryc ,oa cscqfu;kn ckrsa
djrs gSa] bl ij ckr djsaA ;g lEeku ds lkFk djuk gS] fcuk çfrfØ;k fd,
muls lger gksuk gS vkSj lko/kkuhiwoZd fo"k; dks cny nsuk gSA ;g vki ?kj
ds ckdh lnL;ksa dks Hkh fn[kk,aA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 15

<kyuk@vkdkj nsuk% ns[kHkky djus okys ds :i esa vkidks vius fj'rsnkj ds

lkjs dke ugha djus gSaA vius ifjokj dks vkidh mEehnsa vkSj mudh ftEesnkjh
le>k,a vkSj muls enn ysaA vkdkj nsuk ;k <kyuk u, O;ogkj ls lger
gksdj ,d ubZ fn'kk nsuk gSA mnkgj.k% 'kq#vkr esa xeZ ikuh ;g 'kSaiw nsdj
enn djuk Hkh vPNh 'kq#vkr gSA /khjs & /khjs vki okafNr O;ogkj dks çkIr
djus ds NksVs&NksVs dneksa esa enn djsaxsA muds O;ogkj dks vkdkj nsus ds fy,
ns[kHkky dh ;kstuk ¼ds;j Iyku½ dk bLrseky djsaA

igyh fØ;k% ukVd

bl ukVd dk mís'; O;ogkj dks O;ofLFkr djus ds rhu rjhdksa dks n'kkZuk rFkk mi;ksx djuk gSA
çca/kd lewg esa ls ukVd ds ik= pqusaA

lnL;%
 viuh ekufld chekjh ls xzLr fj'rsnkj dh Hkwfedk fuHkk,axsA
 pqukSrhiw.kZ ,oa dfBu O;ogkj fuHkk,axsA

izca/kd%
 ns[kHkky djus okys dh Hkwfedk fuHkk,axsA
 O;ogkj dks O;ofLFkr djus ds fy, mi;qZä rjhdksa ds mnkgj.k n'kkZ,axsA

rhu vyx O;ogkj ds fy,] ukVd rhu ckj fd;k tk,xk] gj O;ogkj ds fy, ,d lnL; dks ysaA
 igys ldkjkRed c<+kos dks n'kkZ,aA
 nwljh ckj çfr:i / uewuk dk ukVd djsaA
 rhljh ckj O;ogkj dks <kyus dks n'kkZ,aA

tc ,d ckj lkjh 'kSfy;ksa dk çn'kZu gks tk, rks bl fØ;k dks fQj ls nksgjk ldrs gSaA bl ckj lewg lnL;
dks ns[kHkky djus okyh dh Hkwfedk fuHkkuh gS vkSj QSflfyVsVj dks fj'rsnkj dhA lnL;ksa dks NksVs&NksVs lewgksa
esa bl vH;kl dks djus dks dgsaA QSflfyVsVj lcdk fujh{k.k djsA

fØ;k ls lh[k%
bl fØ;k }kjk ns[kHkky djus dh fofHkUu 'kSfy;ksa dk çn'kZu gksuk pkfg,A rkfd ns[kHkky djus okys
muls lh[kdj dfBu O;ogkjksa dks laHkky ik,aA
16 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

fu;fer dk;ZØe
ih ih ,l Mh ds fy, fu;fer dk;ZØe t:jh gS rkfd vkxs dh pht ns[k lds vkSj u, uewus cu ldsaA
mnkgj.k% lqcg dk fu;fer dk;ZØe rkfd og le> lds fd D;k xfrfof/k;ka gS vkSj D;k djuk gSA

 lqcg 7 cts mBs] pknj o dacy r; dj ds cDls esa j[ksA

 eatu djs] eqag /kks,] cky cuk,aA
 lqcg 30 feuV dh lSj ij tk,A
 lqcg 8 cts ifjokj ds lkFk pk; ih,A
 ?kj o vkaxu dh lQkbZ djs vkSj ikyrw i'kq dks [kkuk o ikuh nsA
 9 cts uk'rk djsA

,d fu;fer dk;ZØe tgka ifjokj dk gj lnL; viuk dk;Z tkurk gS viuh ftEesnkjh le>rk gS vkSj mUgsa
irk gS fd ?kj ds dkeksa esa gkFk cVkuk gS] ,d rjhdk gS ftlls vPNh vknrksa dks c<+kok nsus esa enn feyrh
gSA lewg ds lnL;ksa dks tksM+ksa esa ckaVs vkSj bu fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ djus dks dgsa%

 vius ifjokj dh enn djus ds fy, muds ikl D;k fu;fer dk;ZØe gSaA
 dksbZ ,d dk;Z tks og vius ifjokj dh enn ds fy, tksM+uk pkgrs gSaA

fu"d"kZ%
cSBd dks laf{kIr esa crk,a%
 vPNs O;ogkj dk çn'kZu ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä ds O;ogkj esa ifjorZu ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gSA

lnL;ksa dks tksM+s esa ckaVdj bu fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ djus dks dgsa%
 vkt lcls fnypLi pht D;k lh[khA
 vkt D;k nks phts vius ifjokj esa mi;ksx djuk pkgsaxs] foLrkj esa crk,aA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 17

e‚Mîwy 5% nokb;ka
e‚Mîwy dk mís';% vko';d lkexzh%
og le> lds fd ekufld  pkVZ isij
chekjh ls xzLr fj'rsnkj ds  ekdZj isu
lQy mipkj ds fy, D;k  mi;qä LFkku
vko';d gSA  ns[kHkky ds dk;Z dh çfrfyfi ¼tks bLrseky u dh xbZ gks½
 nokbZ ds lk/ku ;k vk—frA

igyh xfrfof/k nwljh xfrfof/k & VsyhQksu dM+h

 ifjp;% xfrfof/k dk  lcdks xksykbZ esa cSBk,aA
ifjp; nsa vkSj fiNys  lnL; ,d okD; lkspsA mnkgj.k% Þvkt /kwi rst gSAß
lIrkg ds euu dks Þ;g esjh ilanhnk lkM+h gSAß
nksgjk,aA  bl okD; dks tksj ls u cksysaA
 u, lnL;ksa gksa rks ifjp;  /khjs ls cxy esa cSBs lnL; ds dku esa dgsaA
djok,aA  blh çdkj vkxs cksyrs tk,a] tc rd fd vkf[kjh okD;
 lewg ls iwNsa dh O;ogkj 'kq: djus okys O;fä u gks ¼og ugha ftlus okD; cuk;k
O;ofLFkr djus ds rjhdksa Fkk½] okD; dks tksj ls cksysaA
esa ls mUgksaus D;k viuk;k  nksuksa vyx okD;ksa ij ppkZ djsaA
vkSj mudk D;k vuqHko
jgkA fØ;k ls lh[k%
lewg dks crk,a fd ekufld chekjh ls xzLr O;fä;ksa ds lkFk
dk;Z djrs le; vko';d gS fd tks tkudkjh nh tk, og Bhd
o lVhd gksA
18 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

nokbZ vkSj nq"çHkko%

nwljh chekfj;ksa dh rjg tc fnekx vLoLFk gksrk gS rks mls Hkh dHkh&dHkh nokbZ dh vko';drk gksrh gSA

 lewg esa ;g ç'u iwaNs%

dc nokbZ ennxkj
jgh vkSj dSls\

vki fdls nokbZ ds

vkidks D;ksa yxrk gS ckjs esa funsZ'k vkSj
fd nokbZ t:jh gS\ lq>ko nsaxsA

D;k gksrk gS tc vki

M‚DVj dh lykg ij
D;k dksbZ nq"çHkko ugha pyrs\
Fks\

lewg dks le>us ds fy, vko';d ckrsa%

 nokbZ ls ekufld chekjh ds y{k.k dks fu;af=r fd;k tk ldrk gS] ijarq lcdks nokbZ dh t#jr ugha
gksrhA
 nokbZ rc dk;Z djrh gS tc vki jkstkuk M‚DVj }kjk crk, vuqlkj ysaA nokbZ eghuksa vkSj lkyksa rd
[kkuh iM+ ldrh gSA
 ;fn vki M‚DVj dh lykg ugha ekurs gSa] rks nokbZ oSlk vlj ugha djrh tSlk djuk pkfg, nokbZ T;knk
ysus ij ejht cgqr chekj gks ldrk gSA
 le>k,a fd nokbZ dSls fnekx ds jlk;uksa dks c<+kdj dk;Z djrh gSA ¼cksMZ dk bLrseky djsa½ Vscy 3%
nokbZ ds nq"çHkkoA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 19

Vscy 3% nokbZ ds nq"çHkko

nq"çHkko çfrfØ;k

eqag lw[kuk ccyxe pck,a] ikuh ih,aA

fnu esa 2 yhVj ikuh ih,aA T;knk lCth] Qy [kk,a] pkoy de [kk,aA
dCt

vksdkbZ ¼th epykuk½ nokbZ [kkus ds lkFk ysaA

[kwc ikuh ih,aA ;fn nks g¶rksa esa Bhd u gks rks M‚DVj dks crk,aA
fljnnZ

jkr dks uhan esa Fkwd fudyuk M‚DVj dks crk,aA jkr esa nks rfd;ksa dk bLrseky djsaA

nok ds dkj.k Ropk esa jS'k iM+uk M‚DVj dks crk,aA

fnu esa rhu ckj [kkuk [kk,aA rsy vkSj ehBk de ysaA dPph lCth [kk,aA ikuh
otu c<+uk [kwc ih,aA lfØ; jgsa vkSj O;k;ke djsaA

M‚DVj ls nokbZ dh [kqjkd vkSj mlds ysus ds le; dks nksckjk iwNsaA
T;knk uhan vkuk

T;knk fpM+fpM+k mrkoykiu ;fn jkr dks gks] rks 'kke dh [kqjkd tYnh ysaA fQj Hkh Bhd u gks rks M‚DVj
dks crk,aA

vki nq"çHkkoksa ds ckjs esa vius M‚DVj ls ckr dj ldrs gSa rFkk vkSj mik; Hkh iwN ldrs gSaA dksbZ vkSj nokbZ ;k [kqjkd esa
cnyko mik; gks ldrk gSA
20 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

js[kkfp=% nokbZ ds fo"k; esa rF;

s gSaA nokb
dr Z
yx l dqN rc rd
kg yksxk
l s 3 lIr k pkfg,
A gSA sa dks ysa tc r
sa 2 gu ftanx d M
d s v lj e kst ysrs j h Hkj ‚DV
nokb j euk u
j
nokbZ dks nokbZ Z [kku
h iM djsA
ejht + ld
rh

dHkh&dHkh igys dqN g¶rksa esa nq"çHkko gks ldrs gSa ij og

Bhd gks tkrs gSa tc 'kjhj dks nokbZ dh vknr iM+ tkrh gSA

js[kkfp= ls le>k,a

nokbZ ysus ds fy, fj'rsnkj dks çksRlkgu nsuk%

tc fj'rsnkj nokbZ ysuk u pkgs rc mldks nokbZ ysus ds fy, çksRlkfgr djuk eqf'dy gks ldrk gS% lewg dks viuk vuqHko
ckaVus ds fy, cksysa tc mUgksaus fj'rsnkj dks nokbZ ysus ds fy, cksyk gks vkSj mUgksaus euk dj fn;k gksA
rc D;k gqvk\ D;k mUgksaus fiNys l= esa crkbZ xbZ O;ogkj ifjorZu dh rduhd dk bLrseky fd;kA

vius vki nokbZ f[kykus dh egRoiw.kZrk ij tksj nsaA

tc og O;fä LoLFk gks tk,] rc og Lo;a ftEesnkjh ys ldrs gSaA

fuEufyf[kr mipkj dk Iyku viuk,a%

QSflfyVsVj lewg dks ns[kHkky ds Iyku dk ,d [kkyh uewuk fn[kk,A
;fn lewg dks nokbZ ls lacaf/kr loky gks rks og muls iwN ldrs gSa%

 ns[kHkky djus okys vius fj'rsnkj ds lkFk M‚DVjh tkap ds fy,] M‚DVj ds ikl tk,aA
 M‚DVj dh lykg lquuk t:jh gS rkfd ns[kHkky djus okys vius fj'rsnkj dh enn dj
ldsaA
 vkidk fj'rsnkj dSlk eglwl dj jgs gSa vkSj tSls muds y{k.k gksa] og vkidks bZekunkjh ls
MkDVj M‚DVj dh iwjh ckr ugha crk,axsA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 21

lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ  lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ ;k lewg vkids fj'rsnkj dh ns[kHkky ds fy, ,d Iyku ;k
leqnk; esa dkSu vkidh ;kstuk ns ldrk gS] tks vkt fl[kk,a lc rRoksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA ¼nokbZ vkSj Lo;a dh
enn dj ldrk gSA ns[kHkky½
 t:jh gS vki vius lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ ds lkFk dk;Z djsa] vkids fj'rsnkj esa cM+k
lq/kkj vk ldrk gS] ;fn vki ns[kHkky ds Iyku dk ikyu djsaA

fu"d"kZ
lewg dks tksM+ksa esa ckaVdj fuEufyf[kr ij ppkZ djus dks dgs%
 nokbZ;ksa ds ckjs esa vkidks D;k egRoiw.kZ pht ;kn gS\
 nq"çHkko ds ckjs esa D;k lh[kk\
 dkSu&dkSu lh pht fj'rsnkj dh chekjh dh ns[kHkky esa lgk;d gks ldrh gS\
 dkSu mipkj dh uhfr dk ikyu djus esa vkidh enn dj ldrs gSa\
 vkt lcls cM+h ckr D;k lh[ksa lh[kh\

vxys lIrkg dk oä vkSj LFkku crkdj l= dks lekIr djsaA

22 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

e‚Mîwy 6 % 'kjkc vkSj lsgr

e‚Mîwy dk mís';  vko';d lkexzh
'kjkc ds vR;f/kd lsou o nq:i;ksx  cM+k isij pkVZ isij
vkSj bldk ifjokj o fj'rsnkjksa ij  ekdZj isu
vlj ds ckjs esa tkusaA  mfpr txg
 fp=ksa dh QksVks d‚ih lHkk esa Hkkx ysus okyksa dks nsus ds fy,A
 'kjkc ls lacaf/kr fp= ;k lalk/ku tks vki nsuk pkgrs gSaA
 vius {ks= esa 'kjkc dh yr NksM+us ds bPNqd yksxksa dks lgkjk nsus okys
lewg dh tkudkjhA

igyk dk;Z nwljk dk;Z & fiNys lIrkg ds dk;Z dks laf{kIr esa
:f>>d feVkus o çfrHkkfx;ksa dks mRlkfgr djus ds fy, nksgjkuk
xksy ?ksjs esa cSB tk,aA çR;sd O;fä ls uhps nh xbZ ckrksa  fiNys lIrkg ds nok o bykt ds Iyku dks
ij muds fopkj lqusa nksgjkukA
 fiNys lIrkg dk eq[; vkd"kZ.k  lewg ls iwNsa fd fiNys lIrkg tks lh[kk mlls
 ,d ijs'kkuh tks chrs lIrkg esa lkeus vkbZ gksA D;k ;kn gSA
 dqN ,slk tks iwjk lewg muds ckjs esa u tkurk  tks mUgksaus fiNys lIrkg lh[kk Fkk D;k mUgksaus mu
gksA ckrksa dks ç;ksx fd;kA

bl lIrkg dk fo"k; crk,a

bl lIrkg dk fo"k; gS 'kjkc ds nq#i;ksx o vfu;af=r lsouA vc bl fo"k; ij ppkZ djsaxs vkSj tks mÙkj feysaxs mls ,d
cM+s dkxt ij fy[ksaxsA ppkZ djus esa fuEu ç'u lgk;d gksaxsA
 'kjkc ds nq#i;ksx ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
 D;k vkids fj'rsnkj 'kjkc ihrs gSa\

mudh f>>d feVkrh gS vkSj

ckr djus esa lgk;rk djrh gSA nksLrksa dk ncko

yksx 'kjkc D;ksa

Lokn ds dkj.k Vsa'ku vkSj ?kcjkgV dks nwj djus ds fy,
ihrs gSa\
¼Lokfn"V yxrh gS½

vius vklikl ls ;gh lh[krs gSaA Releases tension and anxiety

 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 23

'kjkc rc ijs'kkuh curh gS tc%

 tc yksx cksyrs gSa fd mUgsa 'kjkc ihuh gh iM+rh gS ;k 'kjkc mudh
t:jr gSA
 mnkgj.k% eq>s pkSu ls lksus rFkk 'kjhj dks vkjke nsus ds fy,
'kjkc ihuh t:jh gSA.
tc 'kjkc ihuk ijs'kkuh cu tk,
 tc yksx jkst 'kjkc ihrs gSaA
rks le>sa fd vkids fj'rsnkj
 tc og jkstkuk T;knk 'kjkc ihrs gSaA vius 'kjhj dks cgqr cM+k uqdlku
 tc os viuk iSlk 'kjkc ihus ij [kpZ djrs gSa tcfd muds ikl [kkus igqapk jgk gSA
o fdjk;k nsus ds fy, iSls ugha gksrsA
 tc 'kjkc ihdj mudk O;fäRo vkSj O;ogkj cny tk,A
 mnkgj.k% 'kjkc ihdj og nwljksa dks ekjs] mu ij fpYyk, vkSj
?kj ds vU; lHkh yksxksa dks ijs'kku djsaA

'kjkc dk 'kjhj ij vlj

cksMZ ij balku ds 'kjhj dk fp= cuk,a vkSj lewg ls muds fopkj lqusa fd 'kjkc 'kjhj ij dSls çHkko Mkyrh gSA
vc fp= ij fy[ksa vkSj le>k,a%
 'kjkc 'kjhj ij dSls vlj Mkyrh gS tSls fnekx ij] fny ij] isV ij] ;knnk'r ij vkSj dSls gekjs fnekx ij vlj djrh
gS ftlls gekjs ewM o Hkkoukvksa ij vlj iM+rk gSA
 'kjkc 'kjhj esa tgj Hkjrh gSA

fnekx xkao ds eqf[k;k dh rjg gS og 'kjhj dks pykrk gSA

;knnkLr de gksuk
xqLlk

'kjkc 'kjhj esa

ekalisf'k;ksa dk nnZ] lj
tgj Hkjrh gS
nnZ] Nkrh esa nnZ

fny dh ijs'kkuh

yhoj [kjkc djrh gS

fpark djuk ikpu esa ijs'kkuh]
isV dh ijs'kkuh

'kkjhfjd ÅtkZ de gksuk

24 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

nok ysus okyksa ij 'kjkc dk D;k vlj gksrk gS\

 fiNys lIrkg geus fuEu fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ dh Fkh – nok] yksx nok
D;ksa ysrs gSa vkSj ekufld chekjh ds y{k.kksa ls fuiVus esa nok dh
egRoiw.kZrk vxj vkids fj'rsnkj nok ys jgs gksa]
lewg ls iwNsa%
rks mUgsa 'kjkc ugha ihuh pkfg,A D;ksafd
 vki D;k lksprs gSa fd ;fn dksbZ O;fä M‚DVj }kjk nh gqbZ nok
ysus ds lkFk&lkFk 'kjkc Hkh ih jgk gks] rks D;k gks ldrk gS\ ,slk djus ls mudh ekufld chekjh
mÙkj feyus ij lQsn cksMZ / cM+s dkxt ij fy[ksaA ds y{k.k vkSj Hkh cqjs gks ldrs gSaA
.

eq[; fopkjksa dks nksgjk,a

,d ekufld #i ls chekj O;fä dk 'kjkc ;k fdlh vkSj u'ks dk lsou vPNk ugha gSA mUgsa yxrk gS fd 'kjkc ls mUgsa
enn feyrh gS ijarq bls yacs le; rd ç;ksx djus ls ;g ekufld chekjh dks vkSj c<+k nsrk gSA yksx tks ekufld #i
ls chekj gSa vkSj mlds lkFk 'kjkc Hkh ih jgs gSa] os yksx [kqn dks vkSj chekj dj jgs gSaA

fu"d"kZ%
 lewg dks tksM+ks esa ckaVs vkSj mUgsa igys Hkkx ls 3]2]1 vH;kl djus dks dgsaA
 3% rhu phtsa tks vkt lh[kha mu ij ppkZ djsaA
 2% nks phtsa ftUgsa os ç;ksx esa yk,axs mu ij ppkZ djus dks dgsaA
 1% ;fn os dksbZ ç'u iwNuk pkgrs gksa rks iwNsaA
 lewg dks fQj ls ,d lkFk cqykdj iwNsa fd D;k os viuh ppkZ esa ls dqN ckrsa lcds lkFk ckaVuk pkgrs gSa\
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 25

e‚Mîwy 7% ruko dk çcU/ku

e‚Mîwy dk mís'; vko';d lkexzh
ruko dks le>uk vkSj blls  ,d cM+k dkxt
fuiVus ds mik;A  ekdZj isu
 mfpr txg
 ikEiysV ftldk 'kh"kZd gks & ^[kqn dk /;ku j[ksa Hkh
j[ksa*A
 ruko ls lacaf/kr lk/ku o fp=
 vPNs LokLF; ds fy, ikap dne okyk ;w Vîwc fyad

igyh fØ;k
lcdk lewg esa Lokxr djsaA
lewg ds çR;sd O;fä ls iwNsa fd mUgksaus lewg dh fiNyh cSBd ls D;k lh[kk vkSj ,d pht ftls vyx
rjhds ls djus dh dksf'k'k dhA

bl lIrkg dk fo"k; crk,a ns[kHkky djus okyk gksuk cgqr vPNk gks ldrk
bl lIrkg dk fo"k; gS ns[kHkky djus okys dk gS
rukoA. blds dqN ykHk fuEufyf[kr gSa%
 lewg ls muds fopkj lqus o fopkjksa dks cM+s  çfrQy feyuk
dkxt ij fy[ksaA  fo'ks"k volj
 lewg dks tksM+ksa esa ckaVs vkSj mUgsa ns[kHkky  etsnkj
djus dh mudh Hkwfedk ds fo"k; esa nks  mís'; çnku djrk gS
vPNh o cqjh ckrksa ij ppkZ djus dks dgsaA  lewg }kjk crk, x, ykHkksa dks lwph esa
 lewg dks fQj bdëk djsa vkSj muls mudh tksM+sa gks ldrk gS fd lewg vyx&vyx
ppkZ dh eq[; ckrsa iwNsaA ykHkksa ds ckjs esa crk,A
26 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

nwljh fØ;k
 lewg ls iwNsa fd ,d ns[kHkky djus okys vkSj ukSdjh djus okys fdl çdkj leku gSa\
 vius mÙkj ,d cM+s isij ij fy[ksaA
 vxj lewg dks lgk;rk pkfg, rks mlds fy, dqN fgnk;srsa uhps fn, x, gSaA

ns[kHkky djus okyk ukSdjh djus okyk

vQlj vis{kk djrk gS fd deZpkjh ukSdjh ij vk,a

ns[kHkky dh vis{kk dh tkrh gSA
A

;fn vki dke ij ugha tk,axs rks dke iwjk ugha

;fn vki ugha djsaxs rks ns[kHkky ugha gksxhA
gksxkA

ns[kHkky ugha gksxh vxj og dk;Z ugha djsaxsA vxj deZpkjh dke ugha djsxk rks dk;Z ugha gksxkA

ukSdjh djus okys o ns[kjs[k djus okys esa ,d cM+k varj gksrk gSA ¼ru[okg @osru dks NksM+dj½
 ukSdjh okys dke ij tkrs gSa vkSj okil ?kj vkrs gSaA
 ns[kjs[k djus okys ogha jgrs gSa tgka og jgrs gSaA og vius dk;Z ls yxkrkj tqM+s jgrs gSaA
 ns[kHkky djus okys ds fy, egRoiw.kZ fcanq%

ns[kHkky djus okys ds fy, egRoiw.kZ fcanq%

 lewg dks crk,a fd gj O;fä dh ruko lgus dh viuh {kerk gksrh gSA
 gj O;fä dk viuk Lrj gksrk gSA
 ,d O;fä ftruk ruko lg ldrk gS og 'kk;n nwljk u lg ik,A
 ftruk ruko vki lg ldrs gSa mruk gh lgsa ijarq vius vkidks Fkdk,¡ ughaA
 viuh {kerk dks tks vki ns[kjs[k djus esa yxk jgs gSa og ,d ikuh dh Vadh dh rjg gSA
 ftruk ge yxk,axs mruk gh de gksrh tk,xh ftruk ge viuh {kerk dks Fkdk,axs mruk gh gekjh dke djus dh
{kerk de gks tk,xhA
 ns[kjs[k djrs le; flQZ dke djus dh gh u lksps ijarq vius fy, Hkh le; fudkysa vkSj viuk Hkh /;ku j[ksaA
 bl ckr dk /;ku j[ksa fd dgha vkidk ruko vkids fy, ijs'kkuh u cu tk,A vkidk ruko vkids fy, ijs'kkuh cusxk
tc vkidh {kerk fcYdqy [kRe gks tk,xhA bldks ns[kHkky djus okyksa dh FkdkoV dgk tkrk gSA
 bl ckr dk /;ku j[ksa fd dgha vkidk ruko vkids fy, ijs'kkuh u cu tk,A vkidk ruko vkids fy, ijs'kkuh cusxk
tc vkidh {kerk fcYdqy [kRe gks tk,xhA bldks ns[kHkky djus okyksa dh FkdkoV dgk tkrk gSA

http://www.helpguide.org/articles/stress/caregiving-stress-and-burnout.htm

3
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 27

jkst dk ruko o csdkj ruko ij ppkZ djsa

ruko ls nwj jguk vlEHko gSA /kjrh ij gj O;fä ruko eglwl djrk gSA ;g vke ckr gSA
nSfud ruko ds mnkgj.k
lewg dks vius jkst gksus okys ruko ij ppkZ djus dks dgsaA lgk;d mUgsa vkdj nSfud ruko ds mnkgj.k ns ldrk gSA
tSls fjiksVZ fy[kuk] vius lekt ;k /kkfeZd dk;Z

cPpksa dks Ldwy ds fy, rS;kj djuk ¼mBuk] uk'rk cukuk] rS;kj djuk o le; ij Ldwy Hkstuk½
tc dksbZ dke dh pht VwV tk, ¼diM+s /kksus dh e'khu o Qksu½
[ksy [ksyuk ¼vPNk [ksyus dh bPNk] thrus dh bPNk] xyrh u djus dh bPNk½
csdkj ruko%
ruko rc csdkj o cqjk gksrk gS tc og yacs le; rd jgsA Åij fn, x, mnkgj.k os ruko gSa tks FkksM+s le; ds fy,
gksrs gSaA
ruko ijs'kkuh curk gS tc%
 ruko yacs le; rd jgsA
 ruko ds dkj.k vki vius dk;Z Bhd ls u dj ik jgs gksa ¼tSls& [kkuk] lksuk] og dk;Z djuk tks gesa ilan gS½.

ppkZ & ns[kHkky djus okys ds ruko o Fkdku dks igpkuuk

lewg dks bdëk djsa og muds bl fo"k; ij muds fopkj lqus o mls ,d cM+s dkxt ij fy[ksA
fØ;k ds fy, dqN lq>ko
Fkdku ds dqN y{k.k
 fMçs'ku
 fpark djuk / fpafrr jguk
 ijs'kku jguk
 lksus o [kkus dh vknrksa esa ifjorZu
 ns[kHkky ds dk;Z dks [kq'kh ls u djuk
 yksxksa ls laidZ esa u jguk
 tks dk;Z vPNs yxrs Fks mUgsa u djuk
 jkst ds dk;ksaZ dks u djuk ¼?kj ds dk;Z] [kjhnkjh djuk½
bl xfrfof/k ls D;k lh[kk
 lewg ls iwNsa fd D;k mUgsa ns[kHkky djus okys dh Fkdku vkSj muds fj'rsnkjksa }kjk eglwl gksus okys ruko esa dqN
lekurk fn[krh gS ;k ugha\
 D;k muds dksbZ fopkj o lwph esa ls dksbZ fopkj muds fj'rsnkj ij lgh cSBrk gS\ tc os viuh ekufld chekjh ds
dkj.k ijs'kku gksrs gSa
 /;ku nsa fd ns[kHkky djus okys ruko ds y{k.k vkSj muds fj'rsnkj tks Fkdku eglwl djrs gSa] lkeku gks ldrs gSaA
28 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

ikapoh xfrfof/k & ruko çcU/ku

;kn j[ksa & ;fn vki LoLFk gSa rks vkidk ifjokj Hkh LoLFk o g"V&iq"V gksxkA
 jksx dks vkus ls dSls jksdsa\
 fiNys l= dh tkudkjh o rjhdksa esa ls vki D;k ç;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

uhps nh xbZ lwph ij ppkZ djsa vkSj lewg ds lHkh yksxksa ls muds fopkj lqusa

Vscy & 4 ruko ls cpus ds rjhd

ruko dks de djus okyh phtsa fiNys g¶rksa esa lh[ks x, rjhds

 gj ckr ds fy, /kU;okn nsa vkSj vius fj'rsnkj dh

gj vPNh ckr ls [kq'k gksaA
 mu phtksa ij /;ku nsa tks vkidks vPNh yxrh gSaA

 mu phtksa ij /;ku nsa tks vki dj ldrs gSa u fd  O;ogkj dks fu;a=.k djus ds tks rjhds vkius lh[ks Fks
tks vki djuk pkgrs gSaA tSls

 NksVh&NksVh lQyrkvksa dks euk,a muls [kq'k gksaA  vius dks çksRlkfgr djsa tc phtsa vPNh rjg ls gks
tk,

 lcdks c/kkbZ nsaA  /kU;okfnr gksa vkSj vius fj'rsnkj ds fy, tks dk;Z
vki dj jgs gSa mldks igpkusA

 nwljksa ls enn ysaA  ns[kHkky dh ftEesnkjh dks nwljksa ds lkFk ckVsaA

vr% ns[kHkky djus okys dh {kerk cuk, j[kus ds fy, nks egRoiw.kZ rjhds gSa%
 viuk /;ku j[ksa ¼;g nwljs e‚Mîwy esa gS½
 Nqêh iM+ tk,aA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 29

NBh xfrfof/k
fofHkUu rjhdksa dks lkspsa ftuls vki vius fj'rsnkj ls nwj jg ldsaA dqN lq>ko gS%

vius dk;Z fdlh

vkSj ds lkFk ckaVs

nwljs fe=ksa o
fj'rsnkjksa ds lkFk
nwljksa ls enn Nqêh ysa le; fcrk,a
ekaxs

ogh dk;Z djsa

ftuesa etk vkrk

fu"d"kZ l= dks nksgjkuk

 eq[; fcanw dks nksgjk,a] ns[kHkky djus okys ds ruko ds dkj.k o y{k.k vkSj bUgsa nwj djus ds mik;A
 lewg dks tksM+ksa esa ckaVs vkSj mUgsa dgsa fd vkt dk tks fo"k; mUgsa vPNk yxk] os ml ij ppkZ djsaA

x`g dk;Z%
lewg ds çR;sd lnL; dks ?kj tkdj fuEu dk;Z djus dks dgsaA
 fdlh Hkh ,d nksLr o ikfjokfjd lnL; dks pqusa tks mUgsa ns[kHkky djus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA
 ml O;fä dks og lc tks vkius lewg dh cSBd esa lh[kk vkSj mls ;g Hkh crk,a fd og vkidh fdl rjg enn
dj ldrk gSA
 vkt vkius D;k lh[kk og vkils vxys lIrkg fjiksVZ djus dks dgk tk,xkA
30 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

e‚Mîwy 8% Lo;a dh ns[kHkky

e‚Mîwy dk mís';% vko';d lkexzh%
lHkh lewg ds lnL; le> lds%  ,d cM+k isij
 Lo;a dh ns[kHkky ls vki D;k  ekdZj isu
le>rs gSa\  mfpr txg
 ;g D;ksa t:jh gS\  LoLFk jgus ds ikap dne okys cqdekdZ
 Lo;a dh ns[kHkky dSls djsa\  çkstsDV ds czks'kj] tSls bZ-,p-, }kjk çdkf'kr] ftldk 'kh"kZd Þviuh Hkh
ns[kHkky djsaß Fkk
 vU; fp= vkSj vk—fr;ka tks vki mi;ksxh le>rs gSa

igyk fØ;k&mRlkfgr djuk nwljh fØ;k &Lo;a dh ns[kHkky D;k gS\

 fiNys lIrkg ds ,d eq[; vkd"kZ.k o pqukSrh dks lewg dks NksVs lewg ;k tksM+ksa esa ckaVsA
nwljksa ds lkFk ckaVsaA mUgsa ppkZ djus dks dgsa%
 fiNys g¶rksa dh fØ;kvksa esa ls ,d djsa ¼;fn le;  Lo;a dh ns[kHkky ls os D;k le>rs gSa\
gks rks½A  ns[kHkkydrkZ gksus ds lkFk&lkFk Lo;a dh ns[kHkky
 fiNys lIrkg ds l= dks laf{kIr esa crk,aA djuk D;ksa vko';d gS\
 lewg dks cksys fd og crk,a fd bl lewg esa jgus  os ,slk D;k djrs gS ftlls ;dhu gks fd os [kqn
ls mUgksaus tks Hkh lh[kk mls dSls ç;ksx fd;kA dh ns[kHkky djrs gSa\

tc mUgksaus bu ckrksa ij ppkZ dj yh gks rks mUgsa bdëk djsa

vkSj fQj ls ppkZ djsaA

Lo;a dh ns[kHkky D;ksa t:jh gS\

Lo;a dh ns[kHkky t#jh gS D;ksafd nwljksa dh ns[kHkky ls igys Lo;a dh ns[kHkky t#jh gSA

ns[kHkkydrkZ dks [kqn ,d mnkgj.k gksuk pkfg,A vxj vki pkgrs gSa fd vkidk fj'rsnkj viuh [kqn dh ns[kHkky djus dh
ftEesnkjh ys rks vkidks mlds fy, Lo;a dh ns[kHkky djus dk ,d mnkgj.k cuuk gksxkA

viuh ns[kHkkydrkZ dh Hkwfedk dks ,d xkM+h ¼dkj ;k eksVjlkbfdy½ dh rjg le>saA xkM+h dks pyus ds fy, ba/ku dh vko';drk
gksrh gSA vxj isVªksy lekIr gks tk, rks xkM+h ugha pysxhA vxj vki vius 'kjhj :ih xkM+h dh ns[kHkky ugha djsaxs rks vki VwV
tk,axsA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 31

,d ns[kHkkydrkZ ds :i esa vkidks igpkuuk gksxk fd

vkidk bZa/ku D;k gS vkSj mls yxkrkj Hkjuk gksxkA

bu ekufld LokLFk dh vksj ikap dneksa ls viuk ba/ku ysa%

ekufld LokLF; dh vksj ik¡p dne

bu ik¡p ljy ;qfDr;ksa dks vius thou esa viuk,a vkSj LoLFk jgsa

4 Mental Health Association of New Zealand https://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/

32 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

dqN vkSj t:jh ckrsa tks vkidks /;ku j[kuh gS ,d ns[kHkkydrkZ ds :i esa
ns[kHkkydrkZ ds :i esa] vkidks flQZ nsuk gh ugha gS cfYd vidks nwljksa ls enn o leFkZu Hkh ysuk gSA

nwljksa ls enn ysa Nqêh ij tk,a

 viuh ftEesnkfj;ksa dks vius fj'rsnkjksa ds lkFk ckaVsA  mu dk;ksaZ dks djsa ftuesa vkidks etk vkrk gks &
 D;k dksbZ ifjokj ds ,sls lnL; gSa ftuds lkFk  tSls 'kkSd iwjk djuk] ppZ tkuk] çkFkZuk djuk]
vki viuh ftEesnkfj;ksa dks ckaV ldrs gSa\ [kkuk ck¡Vuk] [kjhnkjh djuk
 enn ekaxus dh ftEesnkjh ysa D;ksafd fdlh dks irk  nwljs fj'rsnkjksa o fe=ksa ls laidZ djsa
ugha pysxk fd vki dks Nqêh pkfg, tc rd vki  ets djsa% tSls cky dVok,] ikyZj tk,a vkfn
mudks ugha crk,axs
 vxj yksx enn djuk pkgsa rks muls enn ysaA

viuh lsgr dk /;ku j[ksa

 ikSf"Vd [kkuk [kk,a@[kwc [kk,a
 /;ku@;ksxk djsa
 O;k;ke djsa
 oks djsa] tks vkidks lØh; j[ksa vkSj rktxh ns
 iwjh uhan ys
 çkFkZuk djsa

,d lewg esa ppkZ djsa fd dSls çR;sd lnL; vxys

lIrkg dk;Z djsxkA
xgjh lkal ysa
 ruko dks nwj Hkxkus dk lcls ljy mik; gSa xgjh lkal ysukA
 flj ds uhps rfd;k j[ksa vkSj viuh ihB ds cy ysV tk,aA
 vius isV dks vkjke nsus ds fy,] ?kqVuksa dks eksM+s ;k muds uhps ,d rfd;k j[ksaA
 viuk ,d gkFk isV ij fjc dst ;k iatj ds uhps j[ksaA
 /khjs /khjs viuh ukd ls lkal vanj ysa ,slk djrs oä vkidk isV Qwyuk pkfg,A
 mlds ckn /khjs /khjs vius eqag ls lkal NksM+sa vius QsQM+ksa dks iwjk [kkyh dj nsa vkSj viuk isV vanj djsaA
bls rc rd nksgjk,a tc rd vki 'kkafr vkSj vkjke eglwl u djsaA ,slk jkst djsaA tc vki ,slk vklkuh ls dj ik,] mlds ckn
vki bl fØ;k dks dHkh Hkh vkSj dgha Hkh dj ldrs gSaA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 33

O;k;ke
ruko ls gksus okys uqdlku dks ge çfrfnu O;k;ke djds de dj ldrs gSaA
 O;k;ke 'kjhj dh enn djrk gS
 ekalisf'k;ksa dks vkjke nsrk gS
 efLr"d esa jlk;uksa dks NksM+us esa enn djrk gS ftlls gesa vPNk eglwl gksrk gS
 gesa 'kfä çnku djrk gS
 gesa LoLFk o g"Viq"V cukrk gS
 gekjh fpark o ruko dks nwj djrk gS
 blls gesa Fkdku eglwl gksrh gS ftlds dkj.k ge jkr dks vPNh uhan lksrs gSa

 vkidks fdl rjg dk O;k;ke ilan gS\

 fuf'pr djsa dh vki dkSu lk O;k;ke djuk pkgrs gSa
 r; djsa fd vki dc vkSj fdrus le; ds fy, O;k;ke djuk pkgrs gSa
de dneksa ls 'kq: djsa vkSj /khjs&/khjs c<k;sa
vxj vki O;k;ke djus esa bPNqd u gks rks bldk dkj.k [kkstsa vkSj dksbZ rjhdk fudkysaA
 fdlh fe= ;k ifjokj ds lnL; dks euk, tks vki dks çksRlkfgr djsa o vkids lkFk Vgyus tk,aA
lewg ls ppkZ djsa fd os bl lIrkg dkSu lk O;k;ke djsaxsA

fu"d"kZ
 l= dks nksgjk,a
 lewg dks tksM+ksa esa ck¡Vs vkSj ppkZ djus dks dgsa%
 vkt mUgksaus lcls eq[; ckr D;k lh[kh\
 rhu phtsa tks os vxys lIrkg [kqn ds fy, djsaxsA

 lewg dks bdëk djsa vkSj muls muds fopkj lqus tks mUgksaus tksM+s esa ppkZ fd;sA

xzgdk;Z%
lewg dks crk,a muls vxys lIrkg iwNk tk,xk fd mUgksaus dSls iwjs lIrkg esa nwljksa ls viuh ns[kHkky ds fy, enn yhA
34 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk

e‚Mîwy 9% ,d çHkkoh ns[kHkkydrkZ gksuk o leh{kk djuk

e‚Mîwy ds mís';%  vko';d lkexzh
lc lnL;ksa ls iwNuk fd mUgksaus vc  cM+k isij vkSj ekdZj isu
rd lewg esa D;k lh[kk ,d vPNk  l= ,d esa fd;s x,] dkSu] D;k] dgka] D;ksa vkSj dSls vH;kl fd çfrfyfi
 ,d u;k LVkQ tks dh çfrfØ;k dks fy[k lds
ns[kHkkydrkZ ds :i esa vkSj fiNys g¶rks
dh leh{kk djukA

 igyh fØ;k & mRlkfgr djuk nwljh fØ;k & ,d çHkkoh ns[kHkky djus okyk@
 fiNys lIrkg dk ,d eq[; vkd"kZ.k o pqukSrh dks ns[kHkkydrkZ dSls cus
nwljksa ds lkFk ckaVsaA  ;g crk dj fØ;k dk ifjp; nsa fd vki pkgrs gSa
 fiNys g¶rksa dh xbZ fØ;kvksa esa ls ,d djsa ¼;fn fd çfrHkkxh dks lc dqN tks mUgksaus ,d lkFk
le; gks rks½A lh[kk gS mldks crk,aA
 fiNys lIrkg ds l= dks laf{kIr esa crk,aA  eq[; mís'; gS fd ns[kHkky djus okys ,d nwljs ls
 lewg dks cksys fd og crk,a fd bl lewg esa jgus ckr djsa o uhps nh xbZ Vscy ij ppkZ djsaA
ls mUgksaus tks Hkh lh[kk mls dSls ç;ksx fd;kA  bl vH;kl dk mís'; gS fd lHkh Kku tks chrs
g¶rksa esa lh[kk x;k gS ,d lkFk ,d vH;kl esa
yk;k tk;s ftlls fd os vkSj çHkkoh ns[kHkkydrkZ
cuuk lh[k ldsaA

rhljh fØ;k & dkSu] D;k] dgka] D;ksa vkSj dSls fØ;k
;g fØ;k igys l= esa iwjh gks xbZ FkhA tks fjd‚MZ vkius ml l= ls bl l= rd cuk;k gS og yk,aA vkt%

 Hkkx ysus okys okyksa dks fn[kk,a muds fopkj D;k FksA
 ppkZ djsa fd mudk Kku ns[kHkkydrkZ ds :i esa mudh Hkwfedk ds ckjs esa dSls cny x;k gSA
 fØ;k fQj ls nksgjk,aA blls gesa irk pysxk fd çfrHkkfx;ksa dk Kku fdl gn rd ;k lhek rd vkSj fdl {ks= esa c<+k
gSA
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 35

Vscy 5- ,d çHkkoh ns[kHkkydrkZ@ns[kHkky djus okyk gksuk

bl lEca/k esa ns[kHkkydrkZ@ns[kHkky djus okyk ekufld chekjh ls ihfM+r fj'rsnkj

le>nkjh  vki dk dk;Z ,d ns[kHkky djus okys ds  ekufld chekjh D;k gS\
:i esa  ekufld chekjh vkids fj'rsnkj dh xyrh
 ns[kHkkydrkZ gksus dk D;k eryc gS\ ugha gS

n;k  Lo;a ij n;k djsa 4R's

 dk;Z djus ds fy, [kqn dks ljkgsa  vius fj'rsnkj dks vk'oklu nsa
 Hkkoukvksa dk çfrmÙkj nsa
 igpkusa fd dc mudk fnekx vLoLFk gS
 n;k o la;e ds lkFk çfrfØ;k djsa

ftruk laHko gks mruh gh  vki vdsys lc dqN ugha dj ldrs  viuh ns[kHkky esa 'kkfey gks ldrs gSa
vis{kk j[kuk  tkusa fd vki D;k dj ldrs gS  mudks vlgk; u le>sA mUgsa ?kj ij dke
 vki D;k ugha dj ldrs o ftEesnkjh lkSais
 enn ekaxs o Lohdkj djsa  mUgsa mudh lsgr laca/kh dksbZ ftEesnkjh
 O;ogkj esa vkdkj nsus] djds fn[kkus o udy lkSaisA
djus okyh rduhd dk bLrseky djs

lgkjk ysa  vius fy, le; fudkysa  M‚DVj

 vodk'k ysa@vkjke djsa  lkeqnkf;d laxBu
 nksLr o ifjokj  'kjkc dh yr NksM+us ds bPNqd yksxksa dks
 nwljksa ds lkFk viuh ftEesnkfj;ka ck¡Vs leFkZu nsus okyk lewg
 lkeqnkf;d dk;ZdrkZ@lewg  ppZ
 LVkQ

fpark ds fo"k; igpkus  ns[kHkky djus okyksa dh FkdkoV  pqukSrhiw.kZ O;ogkj

 ruko  ruko
 otu o uhan esa cnyko  otu o uhan esa cnyko
 lkekftd ls vyxko@nwljksa ls nwjh cukuk  lkekftd ,dkdhiu@nwljksa ls nwjh cukuk
 'kjkc dk lsou  'kjkc dk lsou

;kstuk  viuh ns[kHkky dh ;kstuk cuk;s  ns[kHkky dh ;kstuk

 Lo;a dh lsgr dk /;ku j[ksa¼LoLFk jgus ds  LoLFk jgus ds ikap dne
ikap dne½  fnup;kZ
 ns[kHkky djus okyh viuh Hkwfedk ls
le;&le; ij vodk'k ysa
 /;ku j[ksa vkidks dgk¡ ls lgk;rk fey
ldrh gS o mls Lohdkj djsa
 ubZ mEehn & leqnk; vk/kkfjr ns[kHkky dks etcwr djuk 36

ikBîØe dh leh{kk
lewg dks tksM+ks esa ck¡Vs vkSj fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy, dgsaA
 1- e‚Mîwy esa nh x;h tkudkjh esa ls] lewg ds fy, lcls vf/kd #fpdj tkudkjh D;k Fkh\
 2- D;k dksbZ vkSj tkudkjh blesa 'kkfey dh tk ldrh gS\
 3- ns[kHkky djus okyksa dh t:jrksa ds fy, dkSu lk e‚Mîwy mi;qä Fkk\ fdlh ,d ij xksyk yxk,A

cgqr mfpr mfpr fcydqy mfpr ugha

 4- ns[kHkkydrkZ lewg dh rhu lcls vPNh ckrsa crk,A
 5- dksbZ rhu ckrsa crk,a tks e‚Mîwy ds ckjs esa cnyuh pkfg,A
 6- lewg ds ckjs esa dksbZ fVIi.kh ;k lq>ko nsaA

lcdks ,d lewg esa okil cqyk,¡ o bu ç'uksa ij ppkZ djsaA

lewg dk Hkfo"; D;k gS\

lkewfgd :i esa ppkZ djsaA vc tcdh e‚Mîwy lekIr gks x;k gS%
 D;k vki lewg ds :i esa feyrs jgsaxs\
 ;fn çkstsDV LVkQ O;oLFkk u dj ik;sa] rc Hkh D;k vki feyrs jgsaxs\
 lewg ds lapkyu dh ftEesnkjh dkSu ysxk\

xzUFklwph
Dr Ashtekar, S. (2014). Handbook on Mental Health for Community Workers.
Basic Needs India.
Eapen V., Graham P., S. S. (2004). Where There Is No Psychiatrist: A Mental
Health Care Manual. Psychiatric Services, 55(2), 200–200.
http://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.55.2.200
The COPSI Collaborative. (2012). Community Based Care Manual for Lay Health
Workers Working with people with Schizophrenia and their families. Rama
Harmalkar. Sangath.
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NEHRU PLACE, NEW DELHI - 110019
www.eha-health.org