Helwan University
Business Information System Program
Chapter2: Management
Information Systems: An Overview
Part 1
Contents
1. Understand the Perspectives of Information
Systems
2. Present Different Type of Information Systems
3. Discuss Management Information Systems Role
in Business
4. Discuss Management Information Systems
Components, Functions, and Processes
5. Explain the role of blockchain in IS
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2.1 Perspectives on Information Systems
An information system is a software system
to capture, transmit, store, retrieve,
manipulate, or display information, thereby
supporting people, organizations, or other
software systems.
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2.1.1 The Information Concept
• Information is data that has been interpreted so
that it has a meaning for the user, (see figure
2.1).
• Information is a basic resource like materials,
money, and personnel.
• Information, like any other resource in an
organization, should be properly managed to
ensure its cost-effective use.
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2.1.1 The Information Concept
Its content can be distinguished either (see
figure 2.2)
• by source (internal or external) or
• by form (numeric or nonnumeric).
– Non-numeric can either bestructured or
unstructured.
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Internal and External Information
• Internal information is that generated within an
organization and generally is of interest and value only
to decision makers within that organization.
• External information can be regarded as that created
by others, that is, by publishers in the form of books
or journals, or by Governments, external contacts, and
the like.
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Information is defined “as the meaning that a human
expresses by, or extracts from, representations of
facts and ideas, by means of the known conventions
of the representations used”.
“information is simply (data, text, images, voices, etc.) that
convey meaning through their relative ordering, timing, shape,
context, etc.
Information is the raw material for making decisions for
creating knowledge and fueling the modern organization”.
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2.1.2 The Information Systems
Concept
• Information systems are becoming of ever greater
interest in progressive and dynamic organizations.
• The need to obtain access conveniently, quickly,
and economically.
• Information system is a system for accepting
data/information as a raw material and through
one or more transmutation processes, generating
information as a product.
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Information management has been
defined as
The organization-wide capability of creating,
maintaining, retrieving, and making immediately
available
• the right information,
• in the right place,
• at the right time,
• in hands of the right people,
• at the lowest cost,
• in the best media,
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• for use in decision
Chaptermaking.
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Information system comprises the following
functional elements which relate to the
organization and its environments:
• Perception: initial entry of data whether captured or generated, into the organization.
• Recording: store data.
• Processing: transformation according to the “specific” needs of the organization.
• Transmission: the flows, which occur in an information system.
• Storage: presupposes some expected future use.
• Retrieval: search for recorded data.
• Presentation: reporting, communication; and
• Decision making: a controversial inclusion, except to the extent that the information system
engages in decision making that concerns itself.
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The definition of information systems is :
A collection of people, procedures, a base of data and
(sometimes) hardware and software that collects, processes,
stores, and communicates data for transaction processing at
operational level and information to support management
decision making.
• An information system can be manual or computer-based that
information systems have existed in organizations.
• Information system is supposed to support both the basic
operations of an organization and its management.
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• Information Retrieval system (IR);
• Question-answering system;
• Database System (DBS);
• Management Information System (MIS);
• Decision Support System (DSS).
MIS is a sub-system of information systems
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2.2 Types of Information Systems
• Many types of information systems exist on the market.
• This section first provides a broad classification of information
systems.
• Then narrow view to enterprise information systems and
present for this class of information systems an overview of
existing types of software systems.
• Provide examples of typical enterprise information systems in
various industries.
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2.2.1 Classifying Information Systems
First class (personal information systems)
A high-level classification that distinguishes three
classes of information systems will presented:
The first class of information systems is personal
information systems.
Such an information system can manage and store
information for a private person.
Examples are an address book or address database and an
audio CD collection.
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Second class
Enterprise information systems
Enterprise (or organizational) information systems are the
second class of information systems. An enterprise information
system is tailored toward the support of an organization.
Examples are workflow management systems, enterprise
resource planning systems, data warehouse systems, and
geographic information systems.
Information systems for certain types of organizations offer
functionality that is tailored toward certain industries or
organizations.
Examples are hospital information systems, airline reservation
systems, and electronicChapter
learning systems.
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Third class (public information systems)
The third class of information systems is public information
systems.
• Unlike personal information systems, public information
systems can manage and store information that can be
accessed by a community.
• Examples: Public libraries, information systems for
museums, Web-based community information systems,
and Web-based stock-portfolio information systems.
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End of Lecture
Thank you
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