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Numerical Analysis Revision Notes

The document provides step-by-step examples of various numerical analysis methods including the Bisection Method, Newton-Raphson Method, Lagrange Interpolation, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson's 1/3 Rule, Euler's Method, and Runge-Kutta 4th Order Method. Each method is illustrated with specific functions and calculations to demonstrate how to find roots, approximate integrals, and solve differential equations. The document serves as a revision sheet for these numerical techniques.

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33 views3 pages

Numerical Analysis Revision Notes

The document provides step-by-step examples of various numerical analysis methods including the Bisection Method, Newton-Raphson Method, Lagrange Interpolation, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson's 1/3 Rule, Euler's Method, and Runge-Kutta 4th Order Method. Each method is illustrated with specific functions and calculations to demonstrate how to find roots, approximate integrals, and solve differential equations. The document serves as a revision sheet for these numerical techniques.

Uploaded by

gaziamanuladb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Numerical Analysis - Step-by-Step Examples & Revision Sheet

1. Bisection Method

Function: f(x) = x^3 - x - 2

Step 1: Choose interval [a=1, b=2] such that f(a)*f(b) < 0

f(1) = -2, f(2) = 4 --> signs differ, continue

Step 2: Compute midpoint m = (1+2)/2 = 1.5

f(1.5) = 1.5^3 - 1.5 - 2 = -0.125

Step 3: f(1)*f(1.5) = -2*(-0.125) > 0 root lies in [1.5, 2]

Repeat until desired accuracy.

2. Newton-Raphson Method

Function: f(x) = x^2 - 2, f'(x) = 2x

Initial guess: x0 = 1

x1 = x0 - f(x0)/f'(x0) = 1 - (1^2 - 2)/(2*1) = 1.5

x2 = 1.5 - (1.5^2 - 2)/(2*1.5) = 1.4167 ...

Continue iterations until convergence.

3. Lagrange Interpolation

Given points: (1, 2), (3, 6), (4, 5)


Numerical Analysis - Step-by-Step Examples & Revision Sheet

L0(x) = [(x-3)(x-4)] / [(1-3)(1-4)] = (x-3)(x-4)/6

L1(x) = [(x-1)(x-4)] / [(3-1)(3-4)] = -(x-1)(x-4)/2

L2(x) = [(x-1)(x-3)] / [(4-1)(4-3)] = (x-1)(x-3)/3

f(x) = 2*L0 + 6*L1 + 5*L2

4. Trapezoidal Rule

Approximate 01 x2 dx

f(x) = x2, a = 0, b = 1, h = 1

T h/2 [f(0) + f(1)] = 1/2 * [0 + 1] = 0.5

5. Simpson's 1/3 Rule

Approximate 02 x2 dx

f(x) = x2, a = 0, b = 2, h = 1

S h/3 [f(0) + 4f(1) + f(2)] = 1/3 * [0 + 4*1 + 4] = 2.67

6. Euler's Method
Numerical Analysis - Step-by-Step Examples & Revision Sheet

dy/dx = x + y, y(0) = 1, h = 0.1

y1 = y0 + h*f(x0, y0) = 1 + 0.1*(0+1) = 1.1

y2 = 1.1 + 0.1*(0.1 + 1.1) = 1.22

Repeat for more steps.

7. Runge-Kutta 4th Order Method

dy/dx = x + y, y(0) = 1, h = 0.1

k1 = h*f(x0, y0)

k2 = h*f(x0 + h/2, y0 + k1/2)

k3 = h*f(x0 + h/2, y0 + k2/2)

k4 = h*f(x0 + h, y0 + k3)

y1 = y0 + 1/6*(k1 + 2k2 + 2k3 + k4)

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