Oracle Net Services.
md 2024-03-03
Oracle Net Services
1. Managing Oracle Network
1a. What is a Listener?
The listener is a process that listens for incoming client connection requests to Oracle databases. It
plays a crucial role in establishing connections between clients and databases.
1b. Concept of Listener
The listener acts as a mediator between clients and the database server. It listens for connection
requests, determines the database service requested by the client, and establishes a connection.
1c. Commands to Start, Stop, and View Status of Listener
Start Listener: lsnrctl start
Stop Listener: lsnrctl stop
View Listener Status: lsnrctl status
1d. Default Port Number for Listener
The default port number for the listener is 1521.
1e. Command to View Port Status in Linux
Command: netstat -an | grep 1521
1f. Default Location of Listener Configuration File in Linux
The default location of the listener configuration file (listener.ora) in Linux is
$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin.
1g. Default Name of Listener
The default name of the listener is LISTENER.
1h. Creating Additional Database Listener
Using Net Manager (netmgr):
Navigate to "Listeners" section.
Right-click and select "Add" to create a new listener.
Using Net Configuration Assistant (netca):
Run netca command and select "Listener Configuration" option to create a new listener.
1i. Starting/Stopping/Viewing Status of Newly Created Listener
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Start Newly Created Listener: lsnrctl start <listener_name>
Stop Newly Created Listener: lsnrctl stop <listener_name>
View Status of Newly Created Listener: lsnrctl status <listener_name>
1j. Advantages of Multiple Listeners
Load Distribution: Distributes client connection requests across multiple listeners, reducing the load on
individual listeners.
High Availability: Provides redundancy and failover capabilities by having multiple listeners.
2. Database Connection Methods
2a. Concept of DB Connection Methods
Database connection methods define how clients establish connections to Oracle databases.
2b. Types of DB Connection Methods
1. Dedicated Server Connection:
Each client connection has its own dedicated server process on the database server.
2. Shared Server Connection (formerly Multi-Threaded Server):
Multiple client connections share a pool of server processes, reducing resource consumption.
3. Easy Connection Methods:
Easy Connect is a method for specifying the database location without the need for a listener.
Example: username/password@hostname:port/service_name
4. Local Naming Method:
Local Naming Method uses a network alias (net service name) mapped to a connect descriptor in
the tnsnames.ora file.
Clients connect using the net service name, and the corresponding connect descriptor provides
the database location information.
2c. What are Connect Identifiers
Connect identifiers are used to uniquely identify a database service. They consist of the service name,
network protocol, and host address.
3. Creating Oracle Net Service Alias
3a. Concept of Net Service Alias
A Net Service Alias is a shortcut name that maps to a connect identifier, making it easier for clients to
connect to Oracle databases.
3b. How to Make Net Service Alias
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Use Net Configuration Assistant (netca) or manually edit the tnsnames.ora file to create a Net Service
Alias.
3c. Default Location of Net Service Alias
The default location of the Net Service Alias configuration file (tnsnames.ora) is
$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin.
4. Using tnsping to Test Oracle Net Connectivity
tnsping is a utility used to test connectivity to a listener.
Command: tnsping <net_service_alias>
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