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Notes 1

Dynamics is a branch of physical science focused on the motion of objects influenced by factors like force and energy. Rectilinear motion, or straight-line motion, is characterized by particles moving along parallel lines, with specific formulas for calculating distance, velocity, and acceleration under constant acceleration. Examples illustrate the application of these concepts, including the motion of a car and the interaction of two stones in free fall.

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28 views10 pages

Notes 1

Dynamics is a branch of physical science focused on the motion of objects influenced by factors like force and energy. Rectilinear motion, or straight-line motion, is characterized by particles moving along parallel lines, with specific formulas for calculating distance, velocity, and acceleration under constant acceleration. Examples illustrate the application of these concepts, including the motion of a car and the interaction of two stones in free fall.

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mynjqdvjzz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DYNAMICS

What is Dynamics
• Dynamics branch of physical science and
subdivision of mechanics that is concerned with
the motion of material objects in relation to the
physical factors that affect them: force, mass,
momentum, energy.
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• Rectilinear motion is another name for straight-line motion.
This type of motion describes the movement of a particle or a
body.

A body is said to experience rectilinear motion if any two


particles of the body travel the same distance along two
parallel straight lines. The figures below illustrate rectilinear
motion for a particle and body.
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• When acceleration constant
• Formulas
• x = x0 +ῡt
Where : x = Total distance travelled
x0 = Initial distance travelled
ῡ = Average Velocity
t = time
vo + v
• ῡ=
2
Where : ῡ = Average Velocity
V0 = Initial Velocity
V = Final Velocity
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• When acceleration constant
• Formulas :
• v = vo + at
1 2
• x = v0t + at
2
• v2 = v02 + 2 ax

Where : v = Final velocity


v0 = Initial Velocity
a = Acceleration
t = Time
x = Displacement or Distance travelled
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• Example
A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 5.21
seconds for a distance of 110 m. Determine the acceleration of the
car.
Given : Required:
v0 = 0 a=?
t=5.21s
x= 110m

Solution:
1
x = v0t + at2
2
1
110 = 0 + (a)(5.212)
2
𝑚
a= 8.10
`
𝑠2
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• Free-Falling Bodies
• Formulas:
• v = vo + gt
1
• y = v0t + gt2
2
• v2 = v02 + 2 gy

Where : v = Final velocity


v0 = Initial Velocity
g = gravity (9.81 𝑚 𝑠2, 32.2𝑓𝑡 𝑠2)
t = Time
y = Displacement or Distance travelled
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• Example
• A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 80 m high
at the same instant that a second stone is thrown
upward from the ground with and initial velocity of
40 𝑚 𝑠. When and where do they pass?

y1

y2 80m
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• y1 + y2 =80 y1
1
* (y= v0t + gt2)
2 80m
y2
1 1
• v01t1 + gt12 + v02t2 - gt22 = 80
2 2
* (t1 = t2, since they were both released at the
time and when they will pass each other at
the same time also)
* ( we also know that v0 = 0 since it was released )/
1 1
• gt2 + 40t - gt2 = 80
2 2
• 40t =80
• t =2 sec
1 1 1
• y1 = v01t1 + gt12 y1 = gt12 y1 = (9.81)(22) y1=19.62m
2 2 2
RECTILINEAR MOTION
• The two stones will pass each other at 2 seconds from a
distance of 19.62m from the top of the tower

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