PHYSICS

COACHING BANSAL PHYSICS (HINGLISH)

UNIT DIMENSION, VECTOR & BASIC MATHS

Practice Exercise

→ →
1. Two vectors P &Q are arranged in such a way that they form adjacent

sides of a parallelogram as shown in figure

Which of the following options have correct relationship

→ → →
A. Q = R + S

→ → →
B. R = P + Q

→ → →
C. R = P + S

→ → →
D. S = Q + P

Answer: B::D

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 2. Two vectors of 10 units & 5 units make an angle of 120
∘
with each

[Link] the magnitude & angle of resultant with vector of 10 unit

magnitude.

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3. Find the value of

(i) cos( − 30
∘
) (ii) sin 120
∘
(iii) sin 135
∘
(iv)cos 120 ∘
(v)

sin 270
∘
(vi) cos 270 ∘

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∞ v π/2
GM m
4. ∫ 2
dx (ii)∫ M vdv (iii) ∫ cos xdx
R x u 0

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Exercise 1 Single Correct Choice Type

1. Write the S. I . unit of temperature.

A. degree centigrade

B. Kelvin

C. degree Celsius

D. degree Fahrenheit

Answer: B

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2. In the S.I. system, the unit of energy is-

A. erg

B. calorie

C. joule

D. electron volt
Answer: C

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3. The dimensions of the ratio of angular momentum to linear

momentum is

A. [M 0
LT
0
]

B. [M LT −1
]

C. [M L 2
T
−1
]

D. [M −1
L
−1
T
−1
]

Answer: A

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4. If Force=(x/density)+C is dimensionally correct, the dimension of x are -

 A. M LT −2

B. M LT −3

C. M L 2
T
−3

D. M 2
L
−2
T
−2

Answer: D

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5. The dimensional formula for angular momentum is

A. M L 2
T
−2

B. M LT 2
T
−1

C. M LT −1

D. M 0
L T
2 −2

Answer: B

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6. For 10 ( at + 3 )
, the dimension of a is -

A. M 0
L T
0 0

B. M 0
L T
0 1

C. M 0
L T
0 −1

D. None of these

Answer: C

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7. The velocity of a moving particle depends upon time t as v

b
= at + . Then dimensional formula for b is-
t + c

A. [M 0
L T
0 0
]

B. [M 0
L T
1 0
]

C. [M 0
L T
1 −1
]
 D. [M 0 1
L T
−2
]

Answer: B

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8. Which of the following pairs of physical quantites does not have same

dimensional formula ?

A. Angular momentum, torque

B. Torque, work

C. Plank's constant, boltzman's constant

D. Gas constant, pressure

Answer: B

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9. If F = ax + bt
2
+ c where F is force, x is distance and t is time. Then
axc
what is dimension of 2
?
bt

A. [M L 2
T
−2
]

B. [M LT −2
]

C. [M 0
L T
0 0
]

D. [M LT −1
]

Answer: B

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10. If force, time and velocity are treated as fundamental quantities then

dimensional formula of energy will be

A. [FTV]

B. F T 2
V]

C. F T V 2
 D. [F T 2
V
2
]

Answer: A

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11. Which of the following physical quantities do not have the same

dimensions

A. Pressure, Youngs modulus, stress

B. Electromotive froce, voltage, potential

C. Heat, Work, Energy

D. Electric dipole, electic field, flux

Answer: D

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12. Out of the following pair, which one NOT have identical dimensions is

A. angular momentum and Planck's constant

B. impulse and momentum

C. moment of inertia and moment of a force

D. work and torque

Answer: C

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13. The frequency f of vibrations of a mass m suspended from a spring of

spring constant k is given by f = Cm k

x y
, where C is a dimensionnless

constant. The values of x and y are, respectively,

1 1
A. x = , y =
2 2

1 1
B. x = − , y =
2 2

1 1
C. x = , y = −
2 2
 1 1
D. x = − , y = −
2 2

Answer: B

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α αz
14. p = exp( − θ)
β KB

θ → T emperature P → P ressure

KB → Boltzman constant Z → Distance

Dimension of (α / β) is -

A. M 0 0
L T
0

B. M −1
L T
1 2

C. M 0 2
L T
0

D. M L −1
T
−2

Answer: D

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 a
15. In Vander Wall's equation (P + )(V − b) = RT What are the
2
V

dimensions of a and b ? Here, P is pressure, V is volume, T is temperature

and R is gas constant.

A. M L 4
T
−2

B. M L 5
T
−2

C. M L 3
T
−2

D. M L 2
T
−2

Answer: B

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16. In a new system of units, unit of mass is 10 kg, unit of length is 100 m,

unit of time is 1 minutes. The magnitude of 1 N force in new system of

units will be

A. 36
 B. 60

C. 3.6

D. 0.06

Answer: C

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17. The distance covered by a particle in time t is given by

x = a + bt + ct
2 3
+ dt , find the dimensions of a,b,c and d.

A. L, T −3

B. L, LT −3

C. L0
, T
3

D. none of these

Answer: B

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18. A wave is represented by -

y = a sin(At − Bx + C)

where A, B, C are constants. The Dimensions of A, B, C are

A. T 1
, L, M
0
L T
0 0

B. T −1
, L
−1
, M
0
L T
0 0

C. T,L,M

D. T −1
, L
−1
, M
−1

Answer: B

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19. If x = k sin(klt) , where x is displacement and t is time then

dimensional formula for l will be (k, l = constant)

A. [M 0 0
L T
0
]
 B. [M 0 1
L T
0
]

C. [M 0
L
−1
T
−1
]

D. [M L −1
T
−1
]

Answer: C

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20. If E, M , J , and G , respectively , denote energy , mass , angular

momentum , and gravitational constant , then EJ

2
/M
5 2
G has the

dimensions of

A. length

B. angle

C. mass

D. time

Answer: B
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Exercise 2 Miscellaneous Exercise

1. Taking foce, length and time to be the fundamental quantities find the

dimension of

a. density, b. pressure,

c. momentum and d. energy

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2. The frequency of vibration of string depends on the length L between

the nodes, the tension F in the string and its mass per unit length m .

Guess the expression for its frequency from dimensional analysis.

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3. The intensity of X-rays decreases exponentially according to the law

I = I0 e
− μx
, where I
0
is the initial intensity of X-rays and I is the

intensity after it penetrates a distance x through lead. If μ be the

absorption coefficient, then find the dimensional formula for μ .

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4. Find the dimensions of Planck's constant h from the equatioin E = hv

where E is the energy and v is the frequency.

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5. If the velocity of light (c) , gravitational constant (G) , and Planck's

constant (h) are chosen as fundamental units , then find the dimensions

of mass in new system.

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6. The distance moved by a particle in time from centre of ring under the

influence of its gravity is given by x = a sin ωt where a and ω are

constants. If ω is found to depend on the radius of the ring (r), its mass

(m) and universal gravitation constant (G), find using dimensional

analysis an expression for ω in terms of r, m and G.

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7. Find the dimensions of

(a) the specific heat capacity c,

(b) the coefficient of linear expansion α and

(c) the gas constant R.

Some of the equations these quantities are

Q = mc(T2 − T1 )lt = l0 [1 + α(T2 − T1 )] and PV=nRT. (Where Q=heat

enegry , m=mass, T1 &T2 = temperatures, l1 =length at temperature t

∘
C ,

l0 = length at temperature 0 ∘
C , P=Pressure, v = volume, n = mole)

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8. A particle of mass m is in a uni-directional potential field where the

potential energy of a particle depends on the x-coordinate given by

ϕx = ϕ0 (1 − cos ax) & ' ϕ0 ' and 'a' are constants. Find the physical

dimensions of 'a' & ϕ . 0

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9. Consider a planet of mass (m), revolving round the sun. The time period

(T) of revolution of the planet depends upon the radius of the orbit (r),

mass of the sun (M) and the gravitational constant (G). Using dimensional

analysis, verify Kepler' third law of planetary motion.

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10. Test if following equation is equation is dimensionally correct

1 mgl
v = √ where, v = frequency, I =moment of inertia, m= mass, l=
2π 1

lengh, g= acc. Due to gravity.

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11. Laplace corrected Newton's calculation for the velocity of sound.

Laplace said that speed of sound in a solid medium depends upon the

coefficient of elasticity of the medium under adiabatic conditons (E) and

E
the density of the medium (ρ) . Prove that v = k√
ρ

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12. The resistance force arising due to pressure difference at the front

and rear sides of a body in a fluid stream depends upon the density of

the fluid, the velocity of flow and the maximum area of cross-section

perpendicular to the flow. Show that the force varies as the square of the

velocity.

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 13. A sphere of incompressible liquid is distorted from the sphericial form

and released. Deduce by the method of dimensions an expression for the

period of its subsequent oscillantions assuming that the only forces

which need to be considered arise from its own surface tension.

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Exercise 3 Section A

a
1. The van der waal's gas equation is (P +
2
)(V − b) = RT , where P
V

is pressure, V is molar volume and T is the temperature of the given

sample of gas. R is called molar gas constant, a and b are called van der

waal's constants.

Which of the following does not posses the same dimensional formula as

that for RT

A. P

B. V
 C. P V 2

D. RT

Answer: B

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a
2. The van der waal's gas equation is (P +
2
)(V − b) = RT , where P
V

is pressure, V is molar volume and T is the temperature of the given

sample of gas. R is called molar gas constant, a and b are called van der

waal's constants.

The dimensional formula for a is same as that for

A. V 2

B. P

C. P V 2

D. RT
Answer: C

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a
3. The van der waal's gas equation is (P + )(V − b) = RT , where P
2
V

is pressure, V is molar volume and T is the temperature of the given

sample of gas. R is called molar gas constant, a and b are called van der

waal's constants.

Which of the following does not posses the same dimensional formula as

that for RT

A. PV

B. Pb

C. a / V 2

D. ab / V 2

Answer: C

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 a
4. The van der waal's gas equation is (P +
2
)(V − b) = RT , where P
V

is pressure, V is molar volume and T is the temperature of the given

sample of gas. R is called molar gas constant, a and b are called van der

waal's constants.
ab
The dimensional formula for is
RT

A. M L 5
T
−2

B. M 0
L T
3 0

C. M L −1
T
−2

D. M 0
L T
6 0

Answer: D

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a
5. The van der waal's gas equation is (P +
2
)(V − b) = RT , where P
V

is pressure, V is molar volume and T is the temperature of the given

sample of gas. R is called molar gas constant, a and b are called van der

waal's constants.

The dimensonal formula of RT is same as that of

A. energy

B. force

C. specific heat

D. laten heat

Answer: A

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6. Match the physical quantities in column A with their dimensional

formula expressed in column B

ColumnA ColumnB

2 −2
(1)Anguar Momentum (a)M L T

2 −2 −2
(2)Latent Heat (b)M L T A

2 −1
(3)Torque (c)M L T

3 −3 −2
(4)Capacitance (d)M L T A

−1 −2 4 2
(5)Inductance (e)M L T A

2 −2 −1
(Resistivity (f)M L T A

−1 −2
(7)Magnetic (g)M L T

2 −2
(8)Magnetic (h)L T

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7. Some physical quantities are given in Column I and some possible SI

units in which these quantities may be expressed are given in Column II.

Match the physical quantities in Column I with the units in column II and

indicate your answer by darkening appropriate bubbles in the 4 × 4

matrix given in the ORS.
Coloumn-I Column-II

(A) GMe Ms (P ) (volt)(coulomb)(meter)

G-universal gravitational

Contant

Me − mass of the earth

Ms − mass of the Sun

3RT 3
(B) (Q) (kilogram)(metre)
3

R − universal gas constant

T − absolute temperature

M − molar mass

2
F 2 −2
(C) 2 2
(R) (metre) (second)
q B

F − force

q − charge

B − magnetic field

GM e 2 −1
(D) (S) (farad)(volt) (kg)
Re

G − universal gravitational constant

Me − mass of the earth

R e − radius of the earth

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8. Planck's constant h, speed of light c and gravitational constant G are

used to from a unit of length L and a unit of mass M. Then the correct

option (s) is / (are)

 A. M ∝ √c

B. M ∝ √G

C. L ∝ √h

D. L ∝ √G

Answer: A::C::D

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Exercise 3 Section B

1. The dimension of magnetic field in M , L, T and C (coulomb) is given

as

A. M T 2
C
−2

B. M T 1
C
−1

C. M T 2
C
−1

D. M LT −1
C
−1
 Answer: B

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Exercise 1 Single Correct Choice Type

1. For the figure shown

A. A+B=C

B. B+C=A

C. C+A=B

D. A+B+C=0
Answer: C

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2. The resultant of two vector A and B is at right angles to A and its

magnitude is half of B. Find the angle between A and B.

A. 120 ∘

B. 150 ∘

C. 135 ∘

D. None of these

Answer: B

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→ → → →→ →
3. If A = B + C , and the magnitudes of ,
A B C, are 5,4, and 3 units,
→ →
then the angle between A and C is
 A. sin −1
(3 / 4)

B. cos −1
(4 / 5)

C. cos −1
(3 / 5)

D. π / 2

Answer: C

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4. A truck travelling due to north at 20ms −1

turns west and travels at the

same speed. Find the change in its velocity.

A. 40 m/s north-west

B. 20√2 m/s north-west

C. 40 m/s south-west

D. 20√2 m/s south-west

Answer: D
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5. What displacement must be added to the displacement 25 î − 6 ĵ m to

give a displacement of 7.0 m pointing in the x-direction ?

A. 18 î − 6 ĵ

B. 32 î − 13 ĵ

C. − 18 î + 6 ĵ

D. − 25 î + 13 ĵ

Answer: C

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6. The value of a unit vector in the direction of vector A = 5 î − 12 ĵ

A. î

B. ĵ
 C. ( î + ĵ) / 13

D. (5 î − 12 ĵ) / 13

Answer: D

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7. Two vectors A and B lie in X-Y plane . The vector B is perpendicular to

vector A . If A î + ĵ , then B may be :-

A. î − ĵ

B. − î + ĵ

C. − 2 î + 2 ĵ

D. Any of the above

Answer: D

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8. The two vectors A ˆ
= 2 î + ĵ + 3k and B ˆ
= 7 î − 5 ĵ − 3k are :-

A. parallel

B. perpendicular

C. anti-parallel

D. None of these

Answer: B

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9. 0.4 î ˆ
+ 0.8 ĵ + ck represents a unit vector, when c is :-

A. 0.2

B. √0.2

C. √0.8

D. 0
Answer: B

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→ → → →
10. The resultant of A and B makes an angle α with A and ω with B ,

then:-

A. α < β

B. α < β if A < B

C. α < β if A > B

D. α < β if A = B

Answer: C

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11. I started walking down a road to day-break facing the sun. After

walking for some-time, I turned to my left, then I turned to the right once
again. In which direction was I going then ?

A. East

B. North-west

C. North-east

D. South

Answer: A

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∣→ →∣ ∣ →∣ ∣ →∣ → →
12. If ∣A + B ∣ = ∣A ∣ = ∣ B ∣ then the angle between A and B is
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

A. 60 ∘

B. 0 ∘

C. 120 ∘

D. 90 ∘

Answer: C
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→ →
13. which of the following is not true ? If A = 3 î + 4 ĵ and B = 6 î + 8 ĵ

where A and B are the third side of the triangle has length equal to :-

→ →
A. A × B = 0

A 1
B. =
B 2

→ →
C. A . B = 48

D. A=5

Answer: C

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→ →
14. If vector A = î + 2 ĵ + 4k̂ and B = 5 î represent the two sides of a

triangle, then the third side of the triangle can have length equal to

A. s√56
 B. √21

C. 5

D. 6

Answer: A

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15. If be a unit vector, then :-

→
a

A. direction of is constant
→
a

B. magnitude of is constant
→
a

C. both (A) and (B)

D. any one of direction or magnitude is constant .

Answer: C

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16. If two numerical equal forces P and P acting at a point produce a

resultant force of magnitude P itself, then the angle between the two

original forces is :-

A. 0 ∘

B. 60 ∘

C. 90 ∘

D. 120 ∘

Answer: D

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→ → → → → →
17. Given that A + B = R and A + 2B is perpendicular to A . Then :-

A. 2B=R

B. B=2R

C. B=R
 D. B 2
= 2R
2

Answer: C

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→ → → →
18. The value of λ for two perpendicular vectors A = 2 i + λ j + k

→ → → →
and B = 4 i − 2 j − 2 k is :-

A. 4

B. 3

C. 1

D. 6

Answer: B

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19. The resultant of two vectors of magnitude 3 units 4 units is 1 unit.

What is the value of their dot product. ?

A. − 12 units

B. − 7 units

C. − 1 units

D. zero

Answer: A

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→ →
20. If i and j are unit vectors along x-axis and y-axis respectively, the
→ →
magnitude of vector i + j will be :-

A. 1

B. √2

C. √3
 D. 2

Answer: B

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→ →
21. The angle subtended by vector i + j with x-axis is :-

π
A.
6

π
B.
4

π
C.
3

2π
D.
3

Answer: B

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22. Moment about point whose coordinate is (1,2,3) of a force represented
→ → →
by i + j + k acting at the point (-2,3,1) is :-

→ → →
A. 6 i + 2 j − 8 k

→
B. i

→ → →
C. − 3 i − 2 j + 4 k

→ → →
D. 3 i + j − 4 k

Answer: D

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→ →
23. If A and B denote the sides of a parallelogram and its area is AB/2 ,
→ →
the angle between A and B is :-

π
A.
2

B. π

π
C.
6
 π
D.
3

Answer: C

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24. A vector perpendicular to ( î ˆ

+ ĵ + k) and ( î ˆ
− ĵ − k) is :-

A. ˆ
î + ĵ + k

B. ˆ
î + k

C. − 1 î ˆ
+ ĵ + k

D. ĵ ˆ
+ k − 2 î

Answer: C

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→ →
25. The unit vector along i + j is :-
 →
A. k

B. î + ĵ

î + ĵ
C.
√2

î + ĵ
D.
2

Answer: A

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→ →
26. Two constant forces F 1 and F 2 acts on a body of mass 8 kg. These

forces displaces the body from point P (1, − 2, 3) to Q(2, 3, 7) in 2s

→
starting from rest. Force F 1 is of magnitude 9 N and is acting along
→
vector (2 î ˆ
− 2 ĵ + k) . Work done by the force F 2
is :-

A. 80J

B. − 80J

C. − 180J

D. 180J
Answer: D

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27. Figure shows three vectors a, b and c. If RQ = 2P R , which of the

following relations is co-rest ?

A. 2a + c = 3b

B. a + 3c = 2b
 C. 3a + c = 2b

D. a + 2c = 3b

Answer: D

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28. Component of − 10ĵ in the direction of 3 î − 4 ĵ is :-

A. 8

B. 2

C. -4

D. 1

Answer: A

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29. If 3 î ˆ
− 2 ĵ + 8k and 2 î ˆ
+ x ĵ + k are at right angles then x=

A. 7

B. -7

C. 5

D. -4

Answer: A

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→
30. If , , then the value of
→
a = 4 î + ĵ − k̂ b = 3 î − 2 ĵ + 2k̂

→
is :-
∣→ →∣
∣ a − b − c ∣
∣ ∣

A. √52

B. √45

C. √54

D. √50
Answer: B

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31. Write a force of 10N in x-y plane in terms of unit vectors î and ĵ if it

makes an angle 30 with x-axis as shown in figure :-

∘

A. 5√3 î + 5 ĵ

B. 5 î + 5√3 ĵ

C. 5 î − 5√3 ĵ
 D. 5√3 î − 5 ĵ

Answer: A

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→ → ∣→ →∣ ∣→ →∣
32. Two vectors A and B are such that ∣A + B ∣ = ∣A − B ∣ then what
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→ →
is the angle between A and B :-

A. 0 ∘

B. 90 ∘

C. 60 ∘

D. 180 ∘

Answer: B

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33. In a clockwise system :-

→ → →
A. j × k = i

→ →
B. i . i = 0

→ →
C. j × j = 1

→ →
D. k . j = 0

Answer: A

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→
34. and are three vectors
→ →
a = 3 î + 5 ĵ, b = 2 î + 7 ĵ c = î + 9 ĵ

which of the following combinations is in the same direction as

→
:
→ →
a + b − c

→
A. 2 a
→
+ b

→
B. 2 a
→
− b

→
C.
→
a − 2 b
 D. None of these

Answer: B

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Exercise 2 Multiple Correct Choice Type

→ →
1. Mark correct statement(s) for and shown in above diagram :
→
a , b c

→
A. −
→ →
a − b = c

−→
B.
→ →
a + c = −b
 →
C.
→ →
a + c = b

→ −
−→
D.
→
b − c = −a

Answer: B::D

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2. Choose the correct statement. Assume ABCDEF to be a regular

hexagon.

−
−→ −
−→ −
−→ →
A. ED + DB + BE = 0
 −
−→ −
−→
B. EF = BC

−
−→ −
−→
C. AD = 2F E

−
−→ −
−→
D. DC = − AF

Answer: A::B::C::D

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3. Which of the following experssions has magnitude unity.

→ →
a + b
A. →
∣→ ∣
∣ a + b ∣
∣ ∣

→
B. ∣∣ â + ˆb∣∣ when angle between and is 120
→ ∘
a b

→ →
a − b
C.
→
∣→ ∣
∣ a − b ∣
∣ ∣

→
D. ∣∣ â − ˆb∣∣ when angle between and is 60
→ ∘
a b

Answer: A::B::C::D

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4. A boy is pulling a block by a force of 10N at an angle of 37
∘
to the

horizontal .

` )`

A. The component of this force in the horizontal direction is 6N

B. The component of this force in the horizontal direction is 8N

C. The component of the force in the vertical direction in 6N

D. The component of this force in the vertical direction is 8N

Answer: B::C

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→
5. Vector A = (3 î + 4 ĵ − 5k̂) is given find out the correct option (s)

below.
 →
A. Along r-axis magnitude of component of A is 4 units

→
B. Along x-axis magnitude of component of A is 3 units

→
C. The magnitude of A is √50units

→
D. Along z-axis magnitude of component of A is 5 units

Answer: A::B::C::D

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6. A man is standing at point (x = 5m, y = 0) . Then be walks along

staight line to (x = 0, y = 5m) . A second man walks from the same

initial position along the x-axis to the arigin and then along the y-axis to

(x = 0, y = 5m) . Mark the correct statement(s) :

A. Displacement vector of first man and second man are equal

B. Distance traveled by second man is greater

C. Magnitude of displacement of second man is same that of first man

but direction is different

 D. Magnitude of displacement is √50m for 2 nd
man .

Answer: A::B::D

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Exercise 2 Matrix Type

1. A set of 2 vectors is given in each option of column I. Match column I

and II .
 View Text Solution

Exercise 3 Miscellaneous Exercise

1. The two vectors A ˆ
= 2 î + ĵ + 3k and B ˆ
= 7 î − 5 ĵ − 3k are :-
→ →
the sum and the differnce of two vectors A and B are ________ and

________ respectively.

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2. A plumber steps out of his truck, walks 60m east and 35m south and

then taken an elevator, 12m down to the basement of a building where a

bad leak is occurring. Assume x axis is east , y-exis is north and z-axis us

up, Find displacement of plumber in term of conventional co-ordinate

system ?

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3. Find the resultant of the three vectors shown in figure (2W1).

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→
4. If & . The condition that would make
→
a = x 1 î + y1 ĵ b = x 2 î + y2 ĵ

→
& parallel to each other is _____________?
→
a b

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5. A bird moves from point (1, − 2) to (4, 2) . If the speed of the bird is

10m / sec , then find the velocity vector of the bird ?

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→ → → → → →
6. A + B = 2 î and A − B = 4 ĵ then angle between A and B is ?

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7. Given the vectors

→
A = 2 î + 3 ĵ − k̂

→
B = 3 î − 2 ĵ − 2k̂

&
→
c = p î + p ĵ + 2pk̂

→ → →
Find the angle between (A − B ) &C

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8. A body constrained to move in y direction is subjected to a force given

→
by F ˆ
= ( − 2 î + 15 ĵ + 6k) N . What is the work done by this force in

moving the body through a distance of 10m along y-axis ?

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9. If the resultant of two forces of magnitudes P and Q acting at a point

at an angle of 60 is √7Q , find the value of ratio P/Q ?

∘

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10. If the resultant of two forces of magnitudes p and 2p is perpendicular

to p, then the angle between the forces is

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11. Given that

→ → → → → → → → → → → → → → →
a = i + j + k , b = i − j + k , c = i + j − c = i + j −

→ → →
, the value of ( a . is ______?
→ → →
b ) + ( b . c ) + ( c . a )

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 ∣ →∣ → →
12. ∣∣ a ∣∣ . Angle between and and and
→ ∣ →∣ → →
= 2, ∣ b ∣ = 3, c = 6 a b , b c
∣ ∣
∣ ∣
→
and is 120 each, find ∣ a ?
→ → ∘
∣→ →∣
c a + b + c ∣
∣ ∣

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13. The magnitude of the vector î + x ĵ + 3k̂ is half of the magnitude of

vector 4 î + (4x − 2) ĵ + 2k̂ . The values of x are ?

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14. The resultant of two forces , one double the other in magnitude is

perpendicular to the smaller of the two forces. The angle between the

two forces is ________?

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 → → → →
15. Two vectors A & B are given such that angle between (A + B )

∣ →∣
∣A ∣
→ → ∣ ∣
and (A − B ) is 90 then find the value of
∘
?
∣ →∣ ∣ →∣
2∣ A ∣ + ∣ B ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

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16. Find the magnitude of the unknown forces if sum of all forces is zero.

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17. Three boys are pulling a heavy trolley by means of 3 ropes. The boy in

the middle is exerting a pull of 100N . The other 2 boys, whose ropes both

make an angle of 30
∘
with the centre rope, are pulling with forces of

50√3N & 100√3N . Find the magnitude of the resultant pull on the

trolley.

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18. A particle is displaced from A = (2, 2, 4) to B = (5, − 3, − 1) .A

−
−→
constant force of 34N acts in the direction of AP . Where

P = (10, 2, − 11) . (Coordinates are in m).

→
(i) Find the (F ) .

(ii) Find the work done by the force to cause a displacement.

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 →
19. A force F = 3 î + c ĵ + 2k̂ acting on a particle causes a displacement
→
d = − 4 î + 2 ĵ + 3k̂ . If the work done is 6j. Find the value of 'c' ?

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20. A mosquito net over a 7ft × 4ft bed is 3fthigh. The net has a hole at

one corner of the bed at origin through which a mosquito enters the net.

It flies and sits at the diagonally opposite upper corner of the net (a) find

the magnitude of the origin, the length of the bed as the x-axis, its width
 as the Y-axis, and vertically up as the Z-axis, write the displacement vector.

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Exercise

dx
1. Find (derivative) of w.r.t. t).
dt

(i) x (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)

3 3
2
= (t + 1) x = √t − 3 x = sin 2t x = cos(2t + 4)

(vi)x
3 3
x = sin t = cos t

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2. If a body is rotating such that its angle from a fixed location is given by

θ = t
3
− 3t
2
− 6t + 3 . Find its angular velocity, angular acceleration,

and the time at which its angular velocity is zero.

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3. The charge flowing through a conducting wire with time t is given by

the formula q = 2t
2
+ 3t + 1 (coulombs). Find the current i = dq / dt at

the end of the 5 second.

th

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4. A particle moves along the space curve

→ 2 3 2 ˆ
r = (t + t) î + (3t − 2) ĵ + (2t − 4t ) k . (t in sec, r in m ) Find at

time t = 2 the (a) velocity, (b) acceleration, (c) speed or magnitude of

velocity and (d) magnitude of acceleration.

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5. Find the following integrals:

9 3 16
dx
(i)∫ (ii) ∫ 3
12x dx (iii) ∫ √t. dt
1 √x 1 4

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6. Find the following integrals:

9 3 16
dx
(i)∫ (ii) ∫ 3
12x dx (iii)∫ √t. dt
1 √x 1 4

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7. If velocity of a particle is given by v = 3t

2
. Find its
− 6t + 4

displacement from t = 0 to 3 sec s.

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8. The velocity-time graph of a linear motion is shown below. Find the (a)

displacement and distance from the origin after 8s. (b) acceleration in the

first second. (c) deceleration during the th

5 second. (d) maximum speed

during the motion.

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9. The position vector of a particle moving in x-y plane is given by

. Find
→ 2
r = (t − 4) î + (t − 4) ĵ

(a) Equation of trajectory of the particle

(b)Time when it crosses x-axis and y-axis

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 10. Find value of √101

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Illustration

1. Calculate the dimensional formula of energy from the equation

1
E = mv
2
.
2

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2. Kinetic energy of a particle moving along elliptical trajectory is given by

K = αs
2
where s is the distance travelled by the particle. Determine

dimensions of α

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3. The position of a particle at time t is given by the relation
v0
x(t) = ( )(1 − c
− at
) , where v0 is a constant and . Find the
α > 0
α

dimensions of v 0
and α .

A. M 0 1
L T
0
&T −1

B. M 0 1
L T
−1
&T

C. M 0 1
L T
−1
&T −1

D. M 1 1
L T
−1
& LT −2

Answer: A

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4. The distance covered by a particle in time t is given by

x = a + bt + ct
2
+ dt
3
, find the dimensions of a,b,c and d.

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 N
5. Young's modulus of steel is 19 × 10
10
. Expres it indyne/cm^2. Here
2
m

dyne is the CGS unit of force.

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6. What are the SI unit and cgs unit of viscosity . Give the relation

between them.

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7. A calorie is a unit of heat or energy and it equals about

4.2J , where1J = 1kgm s

2 −2
. Suppose we employ a system of units in

which the unit of mass equals αkg , the unit of length equals is βm , the

unit of time is γs . Show tthat a calorie has a magnitude 4.2α −1

β
−1
γ
2
in

terms of the new units.

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8. Let us check the dimensional correctness of the relation v .
= u + at

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9. Check the dimensional consistency of the following equations :

1
(i) υ = u + at (ii) s = ut +
2
at
2

(iii) υ 2
− u
2
= 2as

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10. Derive an expression for time period (t) of a simple penduleum, which

may depend upon : mass of bob (m), length of pendulum (I) and

acceleration due to gravity(g).

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11. When a solid moves through a liquid, the liquid opposes the motion

with a force F. The magnitude of F depends on the coefficient of viscosity

η of the liquid, the radius r of the sphere and the speed v of the sphere.

Assuming that F is proportional to different powers of these quantities,

guess a formula for F using the method of dimension.

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12. If P is the pressure of a gas and ρ is its density , then find the

dimension of velocity in terms of P and ρ .

A. P 1/2
ρ
−1/2

B. P 1/2
ρ
1/2

C. P −1/2
ρ
−1/2

D. P −1/2
ρ
−1/2

Answer: D

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13. The diameter of the sun is expressed as 9
13.9 × 10 m . Find the order

of magnitude of the diameter ?

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→
14. The vector -A is :

→
A. greater than A in magnitude

→
B. less than A in magnitude

→
C. in the same direction as A

→
D. in the direction opposite to A

Answer: D

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15. What is the angle between ?

(i) ¯AB
¯
¯¯¯
¯ and ¯
¯¯
AC¯
¯¯
(ii) ¯AB
¯
¯¯¯
¯ ¯
¯¯
and BC
¯
¯¯

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→ → →
16. The vectors are related by . Which
→ → →
a , b and c c = a + b

diagram below illustrates this relationship ?

 A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: B

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17. Two forces P and Q are in ratio P : Q = 1: 2 . If their resultant is at an

√3
angle tan −1
( ) to vector P, then angle between P and Q is :
2

1
A. tan −1
( )
2

B. 45 ∘

C. 30 ∘

D. 60 ∘

Answer: A

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18. Forces of magnitudes 6N and 4N are acting on the body . Which of the

following of the following can be the resultant of the two?

(a) 11N (b) 2N (c) 10N (d) 1N (e) 8N (f) 0N (g) 7N

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19. The resultant of two forces of magnitudes 4N and 4√2 N makes 90
∘

with the smaller force. Then angle between those two forces is ?

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20. Two vectors of equal magnitude 2 are at an angle of 60

∘
to each

other find magnitude of thei. Sum & difference .

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→ → → → →
21. It is given that A + B = C with A ar
⊥ B and
∣ →∣ ∣ →∣
∣ A ∣ = 10, ∣ C ∣ = 20 .
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

∣ →∣ →
Find ∣ B ∣ and angle of with A
→
c
∣ ∣

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→ →
22. Two vectors A and B are drawn from a common point and
→ → →
C = A + B
 → →
A. If C 2
= A
2
+ B
2
, the angle between vectors A and B is 90 ∘

→ →
B. If C 2
< A
2
+ B
2
, the angle between A and B is greater than 90 ∘

→ →
C. If C 2
> A
2
+ B
2
, then angle between the A and B is between0 ∘

and 90 ∘

→ →
D. If C = A − B , angle between the vectors A and B is 180 .
∘

Answer: D

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→
23. The value of a unit vector in the direction of vector A = 5 î − ĵ is

________________ ?

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24. Express the vector in unit - vector notation.

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25. Acceleration due to gravity is always downwards. How will you write it

vectorially if + Y is

(a) downwards, (b) upwards.

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26. A body is thrown form ground making an angle θ with speed u from

horizontal. Write its initial velocity in unit vector notation .

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→
27. Express the given vector A (shown graphically ) in unit vector

notation.

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28. Find angle α made by the vectors with the positive direction of X-axis

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29. A man moves in the following manner in X-Y plane. Find the

magnitude of displacement of man from origin as shown in figure.

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30. A force of 4 N is acting at an angle of 30 to the horizontal. Find its

∘

component along axeses.

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→
31. Find a vector F of magnitude 50N parallel to − 4 î + 3 ĵ .

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32. A particle is moving with speed 6m/s along the direction of

ˆ
2 î + 2 ĵ − k find the velocity vector of a particle ?

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33. Find a vector of magnitude twice of 12 î − 5 ĵ and antil-parallel ot

3 î − 4 ĵ

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34. An insect crawls 10 m towards east, turns to its right, crawls 8 m, and

again turns ot its right, Now crawling a distance of 2 m it turns to its

right and stop after moving 2 m more. Fing its net displacement.

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 → → →
35. Three forces (F 1
, F 2
, F 3
) are acting an a particle moving
→
vertically up with constant speed. Two force F 1
= − 10 ĵN , and
→
F 1
= − 6 î = 8 ĵ , N are acting an particle on acting on particle
→
respectively find F . 3

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36. A car is moving northwards at a constant speed of 5 m/s . It makes a

right turn and continues to move with a constant speed of 5 m/s . Find

the magnitude of change in velocity.

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37. Can you tell the co-ordinates of A, B, C, D, E, F, & G.

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 −
−→
38. What is the magnitude of the diagonal OE ?

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−
−→
39. What is the magnitude of the GB ?

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40. Find the displacement of tip of hour hand of the clock between 1 pm

to 5 pm where the length of hour hand is 6 cm.

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41. The position vectors of two balls are given by

What will be the distance between the

→ →
r 1 = 2 î + 7 ĵ, r 2 = − 2 î + 4 ĵ

two balls?

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42. A particle has initial velocity of 2 î and has constant acceleration of 3ĵ

. Find its displacement and velocity after 3s. If initially, the particle is

located at 3 î + 4 ĵ , find its final location.

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43. A particle who has a constant speed of 50 m/s. it moves along a

straight line from A(2,1) to B(9,25). Find its velocity vector. If at initial

instant of time it is located at (2, 0), find its final location after 3 s.

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44. Find the dot product of vectors

→ →
a = 2 î − 3 ĵ + k̂, b = − î + 3 ĵ + k̂

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45. If î + 2 ĵ + nk̂ is perpendicular to 4 î + 2 ĵ + 2k̂ then find the value of

n?

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46. A force of ( − 3 î − ĵ + 2k̂) N displaced the body from a point (4, -3,

-5) m to a point (-1, 4, 3) m in a staight line. Find the work done by the

force.

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47. For vector , what are its component along X-axis,

→
a = 3 î + 3 ĵ − 2k̂

Y-axis & Z-axis.

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48. Just after firing, a bullet is found to move at an angle of 37

∘
to the

horizontal. Its acceleration is 10m / s downwards. Find the component of

2
its acceleration in the direction of its velocity.

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49. Prove that

→ → → → → → → → →
a × ( b + c ) + b × ( c + a ) + c × ( a + b ) = 0

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→ →
50. Find and if
→ →
a × b b × a

→
(i)
→
a = 3k̂ + 4 ĵ, b = î + ĵ − k̂

→ →
a = (2, − 1, 1), b = (3, 4, − 1)

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→
51. If
→
ˆ ˆ
a = 3 î + ĵ + 2k and b = 2 î − 2 ĵ + 4k

→
(i) find the magnitude of
→
a × b
(ii) find a unit vector perpendicular to both a and b.

(iii) find the cosine and sine of the angle between the vectors a and b

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52. The vectors from origin to the points A and B are

→
respectively. Find the area of
→
a = 3 î − 6 ĵ + 2k̂ and b = 2 î + ĵ − 2k̂

(i) the triangle OAB

−
−→ −
−→
(ii) the parallelogram formed by OA and OB as adjacent sides.

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3
53. Given sin θ = . Find all the other T-rations, if θ lies in the first
5

quadrant.

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54. Find the value of

(i) cos( − 60
∘
) (ii)tan(210 ∘
) (iii)sin(300 ∘
) (iv)cos(120 ∘
)

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55. Evaluate sin 2 ∘

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56. Evaluate sin 2 ∘

(1 − cos 2
∘
)

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57. A car moving on a harizontal road whose position changes with time t

as x3t 2
+ 1 compute its average speed (average rate of change in
change in position Δx
position (v avg
= ( = ) between
time interval Δt

(i) From 2 sec to 3 sec (ii) From 2 sec to 2.1 sec (iii) From 2 sec to
2.001 sec lt brgt (iv) From 2 sec to 2.0001 sec (v) at 2 sec

(instantaneous rate of change )

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58. Suppose displacement y(t) (that is, y as a function of t ) is given by

3
y(t) = t

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59. where a, b and n are a real number then

n
x = (at + b)

dx
.
n−1
= an(at + b)
dt

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dx dθ
60. It x , then find where
2
= sin θ ) = ω
dt dt

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 dr
61. The radius of a circle is increasing at a rate ( ) = α . Find the rate
dt

at which its area is increasing when radius is equal to 3 m.

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→ →
→ d r d v
62. . Find and where
→ → → → →
r = 2t î + 3t 2 ĵ v a v = , a =
dr dt

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63. Find minimum value y = 25x

2
− 10x + 5 .

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64. A body is moving vertically upwards under gravity such that its
1
position from ground is given as y = ut −
2
gt . Find the max height
2

reached by body.

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65. Find the equation of trajectory for the particle moving in circular path

as shown.

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66. Evaluate indefinite integration.

(i) x = ∫ dt (ii) ∫ tdt (iii) x = ∫ (2t)dt (iv) x 2

= ∫ (t )dt

2
(v) x = ∫( −
3
)dt
t

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67. Evaluate the integral :

5 1 5 1

(i) ∫ 2
x dx (ii) ∫ 2
t dt (iii) ∫ tdx (iv) ∫ 3/2
t dx
1 0 3 0

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68. Find displacement of a particle in 1-D if its velocity is

v = (2t − 5)m / s , from t = 0 to t = 4 sec.

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69. From the v versus t graph of figure (a) the time (s) at which the

particle is at rest (b) at what time, if any does the particle reverse the

direction of its motion? (c) The distance and displacement of the particle

from t s to t
= 0 = 6 s.

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70. Find the equation of trajectory of a particle whose velocity

components are

vx = 2x + 1, vy = 2y + 3

Given that particle starts from rest from origin.

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71. Find (1.03)

1/3

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1
72. Differentiate w.r.t. time. (i) y = t
2
(ii) x 3/2
= t (iii) y =
√t

(iv) x = 4t
3
(v) y = 2√t (vi) y = 2t
2
+ t − 1

2
(vii)y = 3√t + (viii) y 3
= t sin t (ix) x = te
t

√t

(x) x = √t(1 − t)

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73. Differentiate with respect to X
2
sin x 3x + 2√x
(i) y = x ln x (ii) y 2
= x e
x
(iii) y = (iv) y =
x x

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74. Find the dimensional formulae of following quantities:

(a) The surface tension S,

(b) The thermal conductivity k and

(c) The coefficient of viscosity η.

Some equation involving these quantities are

ρgrh A(θ2 − θ1 )t v2 − v1
S = Q = k and F = − ηA ,
2 d x2 − x1

where the symbols have their usual meanings. (ρ-density, g- acceleration

due to gravity , r-radius,h-height, A-area, θ1 &θ2 - temperatures, t-time, d-

thickness, v 1
&v2 -velocities, x 1
&x 2 - positions.)

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75. Suppose A = B C
n m
, where A has dimensions LT, B has dimensions

2
L T
−1
, and C has dimensions LT
2
, Then the exponents n and m have

the values:

(A) 2 / 3, 1 / 3 (B) 2, 3 (C)4 / 5, − 1/5 (D) 1 / 5, 3 / 5

(E) 1//2,1//2`

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76. If energy (E),velocity (V) and time (T) are chosen as the fundamental

quantities, then the dimensions of surface tension will be. (Surface

tension=force/length)

(A) EV −2
T
−1
(B)EV
−1
T
−3
(C)E
−2
V
−1
T
−3
(D)EV
−2
T
−2

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77. Given that in (α / pβ) = αz / KB θ where p is pressure, z is distance,

KB is Boltzmann constant and θ is temperature, the dimension of β are

(useful formula Energy = KB × temperature)

(A) L0
M
0
T
0 1
(B)L M
−1
T
2 2
(C)L M
0
T
0
(D)L
−1
M
1
T
−2

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78. The SI and CGS units of energy are joule and erg respectivel. How

many ergs are equal to one joule.

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N
79. Young's modulus of steel is 19 × 10 10
. Expres it indyne/cm^2. Here
2
m

dyne is the CGS unit of force.

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80. If velcoity, time and force were chosen as basic quantities, find the

dimensions of mass.

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 −2
a a − t
81. The dimension of in the equation p = where P is
b bx

pressure, x is distance and t is time are ---------------?

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Solved Example

→ → → →
1. Given that A + B + C = 0 . Out of three vectors, two are equal in

magnitude and the magnitude of the third vectors is √2 times that of

either of the two having equal magnitude. Find the angles between the

vectors.

A. 30 ∘
, 60
∘
, 90
∘

B. 45 ∘
, 45
∘
, 90
∘

C. 45 ∘
, 60
∘
, 90
∘

D. 90 ∘
, 135
∘
, 135
∘
Answer: D

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2. If a particle moves 5m in +x- direction. Show the displacement of the

particle-

A. 5ĵ

B. 5 î

C. − 5ĵ

D. 5k
ˆ

Answer: B

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3. A car travles 6km towards north at an angle of 45

∘
to the east and

then travles distance of 4km towards north at an angle of 135

∘
to east
(figure). How far is the point from the starting point? What angle does

the straight line joining its initial and final position makes with the east?

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4. A body is moving with uniform speed v on a horizontal circle in

anticlockwise direction from A as shown in figure. What is the change in

velocity in (a) half revolution (b) first quarter revolution.

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5. The sum of the magnitudes of two forces acting at a point is 18 and the

magnitude of their resultant is 12. If the resultant is at 90 with the force

∘

of smaller magnitude, What are the magnitudes of forces?

A. 12, 5

B. 14, 4
 C. `5,13 " "

D. 10, 8

Answer: C

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→
6. Let . Evaluate
→
a = 2 î + 3 ĵ − k̂, b = − î + 3 ĵ + 4K̂

→
(i)∣∣ a ∣∣, ∣
→ ∣ ∣
b ∣
∣ ∣

→ →
(ii) a . b

→ →
(iii) the angle between the vectors a and b

→
(iv) the projection of
→
a on b

→
(v) the projection of
→
b on a

area of the ΔAOB where O is origin

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 →
7. The torque of force F = − 3 î + ĵ + 5k̂ acting at the point

is ______________?
→
r = 7 î + 3 ĵ + k̂

A. 14 î − 38 ĵ + 16k̂

B. 4 î + 4 ĵ + 6k̂

C. − 21 î + 4 ĵ + 4k̂

D. − 14 î + 34 ĵ − 16k̂

Answer: A

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8. The vectors from origin to the points A and B are

→
respectively. Find the area of
→
a = 3 î − 6 ĵ + 2k̂ and b = 2 î + ĵ − 2k̂

(i) the triangle OAB

(ii) the parallelogram formed by (OA) and (OB) as adjacent sides.

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9. A bouy is attached to three tugboats by three ropes. The tugboats are

engaged in a tug-0f-war. One tugboat pulls west on the buoy with a force
→
F 1
of magnitude 1000N . The second tugboat pulls south on the buoy
→
with a force F 2 of magnitude 2000N . The third tugboat pulls northeast
→
(that is, half way between north and east), with a force F 3 of magnitude

2000N

a. Express each force in unit vector from ( î , ĵ).

b. Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force.

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10. The angle subtended by the moon's diameter at a point on the earth

is about 0.50
∘
. Use this and the fact that the moon is about 384000km
away to find the approximate diameter of the moon .

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dx
11. Find (derivation of x with respect to t)
dt

(i) x (ii) x
3
2
= (t + 1) = sin 2t

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12. Find the derivative of y(x) with respect to x .

3 2
= x / (x + 1)

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13. The velocity of particle is given by v = √gx . Find its acceleration.

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1
14. If then calculate
→ 2
r = [u cos θ( î ) + u sin θ( ĵ)]t + g( − ĵ)t
2

equation of trajectory.

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π 2
πt t
15. Find the value of definite integral:∫ ( − )dt
0
2 2

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16. The velocity of a body moving in a straight line is given by

v = (3x
2
+ x)m / s . Find acceleration at x = 2m .

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17. Find(104)
1/2
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