Mathematics
5
Std X
Introduction The teaching of Mathematics should
be imparted through various activities which
Mathematics is the language of all
may involve the use of concrete materials,
sciences. Mathematics as a subject at the
models, patterns, charts, pictures, posters,
secondary level has great importance in a
games, puzzles, experiments and through
progressive country like India as it develops
field visits and projects.
various life skills. The challenges caused by
tremendous growth in the population, Objectives
globalization, pollution, competitions between To enable the students
countries, natural disasters emphasise the
need to develop the curriculum in 1. to consolidate the mathematical
Mathematics at the secondary level. knowledge and skills acquired at the
Knowledge of the subject and skills acquired upper primary stage.
while learning-Mathematics helps in 2. to acquire knowledge and
developing the ability to execute, manage, understanding of mathematical terms,
plan with precision. This could be effectively symbols, concepts principles and
inculcated at the secondary level and hence processes and proofs.
Mathematics has got the pivotal place in the
scheme of studies of secondary education. 3. to develop the ability to apply
mathematical knowledge to solve
Mathematics helps to develop problems in real life situations.
decision making which is applicable to real
life situations. In addition, it helps enormously 4. to develop analytical, logical thinking
in the development of the other disciplines and problem solving abilities of
which involves analysis, reasoning and students.
adoption of innovative ideas. A study of the 5. to develop skills in drawing geometrical
different applications of Mathematics at figures, diagrams, graphs, charts etc.
secondary level in various fields like science, 6. to identify the inter relationship between
geography, economics, social sciences etc. different parts of problems and draw
gives the student a comprehensive and logical conclusions.
global perspective.
7. to develop an interest in students to
The curriculum in the subject of study mathematics as a discipline.
Mathematics has undergone changes from
time to time in accordance with the growth of 8. to develop awareness of the need for
the subject to address the emerging needs national integration, protection of
of the society. The proposed syllabus for the environment, by nuclear family removal
state of Maharashtra has been designed by of social barriers, elimination of sex bias.
adopting all units and subunits from the 9. to develop reverence and respect
respective syllabus of NCF 2005. The towards great mathematicians
proposed curriculum includes the . study of particularly towards Indian
Number system, Algebra, Geometry, Mathematicians.
Trigonometry, Mensuration, Statistics, Graphs
and Co-ordinate geometry.
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Std. X
Algebra
1. Arithmetic Progression : · Cramer's rule
· Introduction to Sequence · Consistency of pair of linear equations
· Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) and 4. Probability :
Geometric Progression (G.P.) Introduction to probability and related
·
· General term of an A.P. and G.P. terms
· Sum of the first 'n' terms of an A.P. and · Classical definition of probability
G.P. Types of events
·
· Arithmetic Mean and Geometric Mean. Equally likely outcomes
·
2. Quadratic Equations Probability of an event
·
· Introduction to quadratic equations Properties of Probability
·
· Solutions of quadratic equations Addition theorem (without proof)
·
· Nature of roots based on discriminant 5. Statistics :
· Relation between roots of the equation Brief revision of Tabulation of data,
·
and coefficient of the terms in the inclusive and exclusive type of tables
equation Equations reducible to
quadratic form · Mean, median and mode of grouped
data
3. Linear equations in two variables
· Histograms, frequency polygon,
· System of linear equations in two frequency curve, pie diagram
variables
· Ogives (Cumulative frequency graphs)
· Algebraic methods of solving linear
equations in two variables · Applications of ogives in determination
of median
· Graphical representation of different
possibilities of solutions/Inconsistency · Relation between measures of central
tendency
· Graphical method of solving a system
of linear equations · Introduction to normal distribution
· Determinantof order two · Properties of normal distribution
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Geometry
1. Similarity : · Construction of tangent to the circle
· Properties of ratios of areas of two from the point on the circle and out side
triangles the circle.
· Basic proportionality theorem · Construction of tangent without using
· Introduction to similarity centre
· Similar triangles · Construction of triangle If the base,
· Areas of two similar triangles angle apposite to it and either median
· Similarity in right angled triangles altitude is given
· Pythagoras theorem and its converse · Construction of a triangle similar to a
· 30o-60o-90o theorem and 45 o-45 o- given triangle
90 o theorem 5. Trigonometry :
· Application of Pythagoras theorem in · Angles in standard position.
acute and obtuse angle. · Trigonometric ratios in terms of
· Appolonius theorem coordinates of point
2. Circle : · Trigonometric Identities (with proof)
· Tangents and its properties · Use of basic identities and their
· Theorem - Tangent at any point to the applications
circle is perpendicular to the radius and · Problems on height and distance
its converse 6. Menstruation :
· Number of tangents from a point to a · Length of an arc
circle · Area of the sector
· Theorem- The length of two tangent · Area of a Circular Segment
segments drawn from a point outside · Euler's formula
the circle are equal · Surface area and volume of cuboids
· Touching circles Spheres, hemispheres, right circular
· Introduction to an arc cylinders cones, frustum of a cone.
· Angle subtended by the arc to the centre · Problems based on areas and
and to the point on the circle perimeter/circumference of circle,
· Cyclic quadrilateral sector and segment of a circle.
· Tangent - Secant theorem · Problems on finding surface areas and
3. Co-ordinate Geometry : volumes of combinations of any two of
· Slope of a line the following : cuboids, spheres,
· Intercepts made by a line hemispheres and right circular
· Standard forms of equation of a line cylinders/ cones
· General equation of a line. · Problems involving converting one type
4. Geometric Constructions : of metallic solid into another.
· Division of line segment in a given ratio
· Basic geometric constructions
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