1

3 NUMBER 1

TASK 3.1

1. What is the value of the underlined digit in each number below:

a 326 b 518 c 6173 d 4953 e 204

2. 5 3 4
a Using all the 3 cards above, what is the smallest number you can
make?
b Using all the 3 cards above, what is the largest number you can make?
3. Jamie bought a new sofa for £1350. Write down the value of the 5 digit.
4. Annie sold her car for £5750. Write down the value of the 7 digit.
5. The 7 in the number 24.73 means 7 . What is the value of the underlined
10
digit in each number below:
a 0.69 b 0.437 c 0.328 d 0.58
e 9.714 f 3.628 g 23.748 h 46.207

6. Which number is the smaller: 0:03 or 0:3

7. Which number is the larger: 0:6 or 0:09

8. Which number is the smallest: 0:7 0:008 0:06

TASK 3.2

    
Copy and complete.
1. 47 2. 564 3 3127 4. 64 5. 83
+64 þ239 þ4386  37  48


6. 481
 264
7. 598
 319
8. 4628
 1386
9. 6217
 4406

10. 38742
þ12638


11. 387 þ 519
12 462  181
13. 1374  648

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14. Hannah has saved £415. She wants to buy a music centre costing £694.
How much more money must she save?
15. The following people collect money for a Cancer charity.
Ellie £138 Dan £193 Shalina £68

Katie £89 Callum £47 Jack £204

How much money have they collected in total?

16. Find the difference between 592 and 176.
17. Marcus is taking part in a 1290 mile car rally. He has completed
863 miles. How many more miles must he cover?


Copy and complete Questions 18 to 23 by writing the missing number
in the box.

18. 360 þ
21. 712 
¼ 589
¼ 508

19. 270 þ

22. 1365 
¼ 440
¼ 980 23.

20. 348 

¼ 230
286 = 461

TASK 3.3

1. Work out
a 6þ42 b 5þ23 c (3 þ 2)  6 d 32  4 þ 6
e 47þ3 f 30  (4 þ 1) g 6  (9  3) h 5þ63þ2
i (5 þ 4)  3 þ 7 j (5 þ 7)  (6  2) k 28  3  6 l 4þ622
m (8  3)  (4 þ 5) n (8 þ 3 þ 9)  5 o 36  (2 þ 7) p (4 þ 16)  (8  3)

2. Work out
a 28 þ 12  3 b (28 þ 12)  3 c 63  14  3 d 21 þ 20  2
e 56  (3 þ 5) f (13 þ 17)  (62  12) g 4 þ 16  5 h 50  100  4
i 72  8  32  4 j 28 þ 48  12 k 31  9  3 þ 16 l 39 þ 63  7
3. Copy each question and write brackets so that each calculation gives the
correct answer.
a 7  4 þ 2 = 42 b 6 þ 9  3 = 5 c 6 þ 3  4 = 36 d 4 þ 3  8  6 = 14
e 12 6  9 = 2 f 15 6  3 6 = 81 g 8  4  2 = 16 h 72  2 þ 6 = 9
þ  þ

TASK 3.4

1. Work out
a 72  100 b 4160  10 c 586 000  10
d 673 000  100 e 570  100 f 6720  1000

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2. Copy and complete

a  100 = 47 b  100 = 3800 c  10 = 4800
d 160  = 16 000 e 36 000  = 3600 f  100 = 72 000
g !  100 ! 21 500 !  10 ! !  100 !

3. A group of 100 people won £8 000 000 in a competition. How much

money did each person win if they each received an equal share?
4. Work out
a 20  60 b 900  30 c 1500  30
d 6400  800 e 36 000  90 f 400  700
5. Copy and complete
a  40 = 3200 b  200 = 8000 c  90 = 540
d  50 = 60 e 72 000  = 90 f  300 = 70
6. 30 houses each costing £90 000 are built on a housing estate. What is the
total cost of all 30 houses?

TASK 3.5

1. Work out
a 7.6 b 2.64 c 19.7 d 6.28
þ 4.2 þ 5.18  12.4  1.6

e 13.0 f 14.68 g 89.53 h 24.7

 7.4 þ 29.31  28.29 8.2
þ 37.43

2. Write down which sets of numbers below add up to 14.

A 3:6 þ 7:1 þ 3:3 B 8 þ 1:9 þ 4:1

C 5:8 þ 6:4 þ 2:8 D 3:12 þ 6 þ 4:88

3. Which answer below is the larger?

A 8:12  5:6 or B 7:36  4:74

4. Work out the following (remember to line up the decimal point):

a 4 þ 2.17 b 6.84 þ 2.19 c 51.4  17.6
d 28.6  15 e 49.81  16.9 f 19  4.8
5. How much change from a $10 note do you get if you spend:
a $4.81 b $2.64 c $8.21 d $6.72

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6. Carmen has $20. She spends $3.25 on the bus and $4.83 on lunch. How much money
does she have left?
7. Nizou can spend up to $1200 on his credit card. He buys a laptop for $895.99,
a desk for $104.95 and a computer game for $4.50. How much more money
could he spend using his credit card?
8. Which answer below is the smaller?

A 5  2:42 or B 19  16:52

9. 3.6 km 7.39 km
Concordia
Villa Union 4 km
Mazatalan Marmol

How far is it from Concordia to Marmol?

10. Work out
a 216.4  83.26 b 18.7 þ 45 þ 13.18
c 51.8  27.27 d 5.187  2.43

11. Find the perimeter of this pentagon.

5 cm
9.26 cm
6.7 cm

12.87 cm
8.4 cm

12. Find the difference between 46 and 17.48.

13. Colin runs a race in 47.28 seconds. Donna runs the race in 51.1 seconds.
By how many seconds did Colin win the race?

TASK 3.6

1. Work out
a 7.418  100 b 0.63  100 c 8.94  10 d 5.234  1000
e 5.29  1000 f 0.4  100 g 7.164  10 h 8.2  1000
2. Copy and fill in the boxes
a 3.498  ¼ 34.98 b 0.81  ¼ 81 c  100 ¼ 3.6
d  1000 ¼ 14.6 e 0.0913  ¼ 91.3 f  10 ¼ 0.2

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3. Work out
a 6  0.1 b 29  0.01 c 0.4  0.1 d 13  0.1
e 0.71  0.1 f 48  0.01 g 631  0.01 h 0.8  0.1
4. Copy and fill in the empty boxes
a 5.6  ¼ 0.56 b 384  ¼ 3.84 c 82  ¼ 0.82
d 3.9  ¼ 0.039 e  0.1 ¼ 0.6 f  0.01 ¼ 0.34

5. For each question below write ‘true’ or ‘false’

a 0.6  0.3 ¼ 0.18 b 0.8  0.6 ¼ 0.48
c 0.4  0.08 ¼ 0.032 d 8  0.05 ¼ 0.4
6. Work out
a 7  0.3 b 0.7  0.5 c 0.9  0.3
d 0.06  0.9 e 0.08  7 f 0.42
7. Work out
a $1.76  3 b $3.64  4 c $7.13  8
8. Find the total cost of 4 packets of washing powder at $3.28 for each packet.
9. 5 people each weigh 68.7 kg. What is their total weight?
10. Which answer below is the correct answer?

A 1:8  0:7 ¼ 1:26 or B 1:8  0:7 ¼ 12:6

11. Work out

a 5.9  0.4 b 26  0.07 c 34  0.03
d 0.17  0.5 e 1.3  0.08 f 2.51  0.9
12. $1 ¼ e1.68. Change $15 into euros by multiplying by 1.68.

TASK 3.7

1. Work out
a 4Þ24.8 b 6Þ12.84 c 4Þ32.20
d 5Þ28.0 e 2Þ19.0 f 8Þ13.000
2. Divide the following numbers by 4
a 9.52 b 23 c 55 d 4.5
3. Sheng Li, Jack, Freja and Wasim go to a rock concert. The total cost of
the tickets is $62.60. What is the cost of one ticket?
4. 6 cars of soda cost $6.48. How much does one can of soda cost?
5. Work out
a 11.4  6 b 30.7  5 c 41.92  8
d 34.48  4 e 4.83  7 f 0.234  9

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6. A multipack of tins of coconut milk costs $1.56. The multipack contains

4 tins of coconut milk. A single can of coconut milk can be bought for
45 cents each. Which is the better price for one tin of coconut milk and by
how much?
7. Copy the questions below and fill in the empty boxes.
a 13.2  0.4 ¼ 132  4 ¼
b 5.84  0.2 ¼ 58.4  ¼
c 7.1  0.02 ¼ 710  ¼
d 15.6  0.02 ¼ 2¼

8. Work out
a 1.35  0.3 b 6.8  0.2 c 3.36  0.6
d 0.192  0.4 e 0.215  0.05 f 0.504  0.08
9. A bottle contains 0.12 litres of medicine. A teaspoon holds 0.005 litres.
How many teaspoons of medicine can be taken from the bottle?
10. Copy and complete the number chains below:

a 6:2 ! 0:4 ! !  0:02 ! !  0:8 !

b 0:348 !  0:06 ! !  0:2 ! !  0:4 !

c 0:485 !  0:05 ! ! 0:6 ! !  0:3 !

TASK 3.8

1. Work out
a 6  4 b 3  8
2 Copy and complete the multiplication square
below:
c 2  4 d 10  2
e 28  4 f 30  5 × −4 −8
g 7  6 h 9  8
i 48  6 j 6  9 3 −12
k 35  7 l 30  6
m 81  9 n 7  8 40 −45

−24 −12

24

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Each empty square contains either a number or an operation (+,  , , ).

Copy each square and fill in the missing details. The arrows are equals signs.


3. 16
÷
÷
×
−4

4 −3 ×
×
12
 5. −15 +
÷
−5
×
−8 + 5 −7 − −6 −3

× 21 − 3 −10 13

TASK 3.9

Write down all the factors of the following numbers:


1. 20 (6 factors)
4. 18

2. 12 (6 factors)

5. 32
 3.
6.
29 (2 factors)
50

7. Which of these numbers are:

a even numbers? b odd numbers? 2 11
c prime numbers? d factors of 24?
13 5 6
9 14

8. Write down all the even factors of 24.

9. Write down all the factors of 35 which are prime.
10. Which numbers between 30 and 40 have 4 as a factor?

11. Write down the first 5 multiples of:

a 3 b 6 c 9 d 8 e 12
12 Which of these numbers are:
a multiples of 6 18 54
21
b multiples of 7 63
c not multiples of 2 42 26
28

13. Copy and complete the first five multiples of 6 and 10.
6: 6 12
10: 10
Write down the Lowest Common Multiple of 6 and 10.
14. Find the Lowest Common Multiple of each of these pairs of numbers.
a 5 and 8 b 8 and 12 c 10 and 60

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15. Amy and Klaus are racing each other. Amy takes 5 minutes to complete
one lap. Klaus takes 7 minutes to complete one lap. After how many
minutes will Amy and Klaus pass the starting point at exactly the same
time?

TASK 3.10

1. a List all the factors of 18.

b List all the factors of 30.
c Write down the Highest Common Factor of 18 and 30.
2. a List all the factors of 30.
b List all the factors of 45.
c Write down the Highest Common Factor of 30 and 45.
3. Find the Highest Common Factor of:
a 20 and 50 b 25 and 60
c 36 and 60 d 16, 32 and 40

4. Work out
a 335 b 22  7 c 22  32
5. For each question below, find the number which belongs in the empty
box:
a 60 = 22  3  b 40 = 23  c 126 = 2  32 
6. Using any method, write the following numbers as products of
prime factors:
a 75 b 44 c 80 d 594
7. 1617 ¼ 3  7  7  11 and 273 ¼ 3  7  13
Find the Highest Common Factor of 273 and 1617.
8. Write 315 and 495 as products of prime factors. Use this to find
the Highest Common Factor of 315 and 495.
9. Write 396 and 420 as products of prime factors. Use this to find
the Highest Common Factor of 396 and 420.

TASK 3.11

1. Copy and fill each box below with < or >.

a 15 19 b 2.4 1.4 c 302 299 d 3 4

2. Answer true or false:

a 3.09 > 3.1 b 8 < 4 c 3 1 > 3.5 d 6.81 > 6.59
4

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3. If n 6 4.5, which of the values for n below would be allowed?

4:2 41 4:75 4:06 41 4:914

4 2

4. shows x  3 shows x 2
3 2
Write down the inequalities shown below:
a b c
6 −3 −1
d e f
2 6 −2 3 −4 0
5. Draw a number line to show the following inequalities.
a x71 b x < 6 c 46x69
d 2 < x < 0 e 3 6 x < 2 f 5 < x 6  1

   
Solve the inequalities in Questions 6 to 17.
6. x þ 6 > 12 7. x þ 3 < 2 8. x  4 6 7


9. x6<0  10. 4x 7 12 11. x > 9


12. 3x þ 2 > 17  13. 4x  8 6 12  2
14. 2(x þ 3) < 18


15. 6(x  2) 7 24  16. 6x  4 > 3x þ 17 17. x  3 6 3
4
18. Write down the largest integer x for which 2x < 7.
19. Write down the largest integer x for which 5x < 12.
20. Write down all the integer values (whole numbers) of x which satisfy each
inequality below.
a 46x67 b 0<x65 c 2 < x < 0
d 3 6 x 6 3 e 4 6 x < 1 f 6 < x < 1

TASK 3.12

1. For each statement below, write true or false:

a 8:30 p.m. ¼ 20:30 b 4:30 a.m. ¼ 16:30
c 2:15 a.m. ¼ 02:15 d 3:42 a.m. ¼ 03:42
e 10:50 p.m. ¼ 10:50 f 5:17 p.m. ¼ 17:17
2. Sunil watches a 2 hour 15 minute film which starts at 7:50 p.m.
At what time does the film end?
3. Tameca flies to Rome and arrives at 13:35. If the flight lasted for 2 hours
45 minutes, when did the flight begin?

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4. Kaya borrows some money and has to pay it back within 5 years. How
many months does she have to pay back the money?
5. Mandume wakes up at the time shown on the clock.
He has to be at work by 9 a.m. How long has he
got before he must be at work?
6. André needs to be at Waterloo station by 5:30 p.m. A train leaves his
home town at 15:48 and takes 1 hour 40 minutes to get to Waterloo
station. Will he arrive at Waterloo station in time?
7. Copy and complete this bus timetable. Each bus takes the same time
between stops.

Bus 1 Bus 2 Bus 3 Bus 4 Bus 5

Bus station 07:50 08:35 08:55 09:45 10:25
Cinema 07:59
Town hall 08:10
Cherry Hill 08:22 09:27
Train station 08:35 10:30

8. Write each length in inches.

a 5 feet b 8 feet c 5 feet 4 inches d 4 feet 9 inches Remember
12 inches ¼ 1 foot
9. Write each volume in pints. 3 feet ¼ 1 yard
a 3 gallons b 5 gallons c 3 1 gallons d 2 3 gallons 1760 yards ¼
2 4
10. Which imperial unit would you use to measure: 1 mile
a the mass of a man 8 pints ¼ 1 gallon
b the length of a book 16 ounces ¼
c the height of a house 1 pound
14 pounds ¼
11. Aathavan is 4 feet 10 inches tall when he is 11 years old. Over the 1 stone
next 5 years he grows 7 inches. How tall is he now? 2240 pounds ¼
12. Yuki runs 1285 yards. How much further must she run to complete 1 ton
1 mile?
13. Copy and complete the following:
a 2.5 gallons ¼ pints b 3 stone 2 pounds ¼ pounds
c 5 stone 9 pounds ¼ pounds d 3 miles ¼ yards
e 36 pints ¼ gallons f 98 pounds ¼ stone
g 5 tons ¼ pounds h 7 stone 12 pounds ¼ pounds
i 1 1 tons ¼ pounds j 5 feet 10 inches ¼ inches
2

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 Number 1 11

TASK 3.13

    
Work out
1. 4 2 2. 63 3. 37 4. 49  3 5. 6  84
 4  5  8

6. 304
 3
 7. 526
 4
 8. 463
 8
 9. 738  6
10. 9  284

11. 629 students at a school each pay $6 to go on a school trip. How much
money do they pay in total?

   
Work out without a calculator.
12. 32  14 13 17  24 14 42  23 15. 64  34
16. 213  15 
17. 421  36 18. 839  28 19. 627  56

20. One evening a restaurant sells 37 set dinners at $16 each. How much
money does the restaurant receive in total for these 37 meals?
21. At the World Cup there were 24 teams. If each team had a squad of
26 players, how many players were there in total?

TASK 3.14

    
Work out
1. 48  6 2. 28  4 3. 36  9 4. 72  8 5. 56  7
6. 3Þ 69 7. 4Þ 136 8. 6Þ 438 9. 8Þ 296 10. 7Þ 1512


11. 384  8 
12. 354  6 
13. 375  5 
14. 2457  7 
15. 2898  6

Work out each answer, giving the remainder.


1. 4Þ 583
6. 828  7

2. 5Þ 712
7. 486  5

3. 8Þ 316
8. 377  8

4. 6Þ 2715
9. 4386  7

5. 9Þ 4814
10. 7245  4

11. 43 children are playing in a 5-a-side tournament. How many complete

teams of 5 players can be made?
12. A calculator costs $7. How many calculators can a school buy for $225?
13. A box at a supermarket can hold 6 packets of rice. How many boxes are
needed to hold 112 packets of rice?

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TASK 3.15

   
Work out
1. 448  16 2. 612  17 3. 575  23 4. 576  36
5. 986  29  6. 774  18 7. 988  26 8.

9. A book of stamps contains 36 stamps. How many books must I buy if

722  38

I need 850 stamps?

10. 1500 sweets are shared equally into 46 packets. How many sweets will be
in each packet and how many sweets will be left over?
11. Which answer is the odd one out?
891  33 406  14 648  24
A B C
12. One coach may carry 47 people. How many coaches are needed to
transport 560 football fans to an away match?
13. 37 screws are used to make a flat pack desk. If a factory has 623 screws
remaining, how may flat packs could the factory supply?

TASK 3.16

1. In a survey 73 out of every 100 people said they loved ice cream. Write
down the percentage of people who love ice cream.
2. 45% of the students in a class said they had been to the cinema in the last
month. What percentage of the students had not been to the cinema in the
last month?
3. 68% of men go jogging at least once during the week. What percentage
of the men do not go jogging at least once during the week?
4 a What percentage of the large square is shaded?
b What percentage of the large square is not shaded?

5. 53 out of every 100 children walk to school each day.

What percentage of children do not walk to school?

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 Number 1 13

6 Change these percentages into fractions. Cancel the answers when

 
possible example: 46% ¼ 46 ¼ 23 .
100 50
a 17% b 20% c 29% d 12% e 25% f 60%
g 24% h 35% i 88% j 32% k 9% l 95%
7. 2% of semi-skimmed milk is fat. What fraction of semi-skimmed milk is fat?
8. Change these fractions into percentages (remember: multiply by 100
unless you can see a quicker way).
a 7 b 2 c 3 d 38 e 13 f 8
10 5 25 50 20 25

9. Elmer scored 17 out of 20 for English coursework. What percentage

was this?

TASK 3.17

1. 19 out of 20 pupils in a class go on a school trip. What percentage of the

class go on a school trip?
2. What percentage of these boxes contain:
a crosses
b circles
3. a Write 19 as a percentage of 50.
b Write 11 as a percentage of 20.
c Write 300 as a percentage of 500.

4. In a survey 120 people were asked if they had internet access at home.
96 people said ‘yes’. What percentage of the people said they had
internet access at home?
5. 150 students in an international Number of
school were asked where Home area students
their home town was. The findings Europe 45
are shown in this table. Asia 24
What percentage of the students
came from: North America 27
a Europe b Latin America Latin America 36
c Africa d North America Australasia 6
Africa 12
Total 150

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 Number 1 14

Use a calculator for the questions below.

Give your answers to the nearest whole number.
6. 28 out of 43 young people at a chess club one evening are male. What
percentage of the young people are male?
7. Sunita is given $60 for her birthday. She spends $47 on computer games.
What percentage of her birthday money has she got left?
8. What percentage of these letters is the O K
letter ‘K’? O K OK
O K
OK K K
OK O
9. Tamsin scored 39 out of 47 in a science test. Johannes scored 47 out of 58 in his
science test. Who scored the higher percentage and by how much?
10. The table shows how some of a 30 g Fat 2.6 g
serving of sultana bran cereal is Sugars 16 g
made up.
What percentage of the 30 g Salt 0.5 g
serving is: Saturated fat 1.4 g

a fat b sugars c salt d saturated fat

11. The population of a town in Brazil is about 30 000. The population
of Brazil is about 180 000 000. What percentage of Brazil’s population
live in the town (give your answer to 2 decimal places)?

TASK 3.18

1. Find 25% of:

a 60 b 24 c 44 d 120 e 36
1
2. Find 33 % of:
3
a 15 b 27 c 90 d 54 e 75
3. Find 20% of:
a 40 b 200 c 140 d 30 e 90
4. Find 15% of:
a 40 b 140 c 300 d 70 e 10 Work out 10% and
5% then add
5. 60% of adults have a mobile phone. If 210 adults were asked, together
how many would have a mobile phone?
6. Arana earns $260 a week. Each week he gives 5% of his
money to charity. How much money does he give
each week?
7. Find the odd one out
a 30% of $30 b 5% of $160 c 25% of $32

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 Number 1 15

Use a calculator when needed.

8. Find 1% of:
a 700 b 250 c 87 d 460 e 6
9. Find 4% of:
a 300 b 900 c 350 d 75 e 5
10. Find 17.5% of:
a 400 b 320 c 48 d 680 e 8
11. 60 people eat at a restaurant one evening. 55% of these people
eat fish. How many people do not eat fish?
12. Find the odd one out
a 6% of 34 b 14% of 26 c 8% of 45.5
13. The garages of 1600 houses were examined. 23% of the garages
had yellow doors. How many garages had yellow doors?
14. Work out, correct to the nearest cent:
a 13% of $24.20 b 37% of $41.60
c 19% of $36.14 d 4.8% of $83

TASK 3.19


Do not use a calculator.
1. a Increase $40 by 10%. b Decrease $70 by 20%.
c Decrease $50 by 40%. d Increase $28 by 75%.

2. Kala earns $340 each week. She is given a pay rise of 5%.
How much does she now earn each year?
3. A laptop costs $1240. One year later it costs 20% less. How much
does the laptop cost now?
4. What is the sale price of each item below?

a b c
Bed $800 Surf board $480 Tennis racket $60
SALE SALE SALE
30% off 25% off 15% off

5. A car costs £24 000. A year later its price has decreased by 3%.
How much does the car cost now?
6. Increase £800 by 17.5%.
Find 10% then 5%
then 2.5% and add
them all together

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 Number 1 16

7. Tax is added to the cost of items at a rate of 17.5%.

a Find 17.5% of $360.
b Find the cost of a bookcase which costs $360 þ tax.

Use a calculator when needed. Give answers to the nearest cent when needed.

8. a Decrease $70 by 3%.
c Decrease $264 by 46%.
b Increase $68 by 2%.
d Increase $89 by 12%.

9. Asu’s caravan is worth $15 500. One year later it is worth 6%

less. How much is the caravan now worth?
10. A cinema increases its prices by 8%. If a ticket was $6.50, what would it
cost after the increase?
11. A pencil costs 42 cents. Its price increases by 9% over the next 12 months.
How much will the pencil cost now? (Remember to give your answer
to the nearest cent.)
12. A new tyre costs $88 þ tax. If tax is 17.5%, work out the total cost of the
tyre.
13. A new dining table costs $450 þ tax. If tax is 17.5%, work out the total
cost of the dining table.
14. If tax is 17.5%, find the price including tax of each of the following:
a guitar $126 b trumpet $870

c flute $220 d maracas $34

15. A ring costs $680 þ tax (17.5%).

a What is the total price of the ring?
b In the summer sales, the price of the ring is reduced by 20%.
How much does the ring cost in the sales?

TASK 3.20

Use a calculator when needed. Give answers to the nearest cent when needed.
1. Lerato invests $8000 in a bank at 5% per annum (year) compound
interest. How much money will she have in the bank after 2 years?
2. $12 000 is invested at 10% per annum compound interest. How
much money will there be after 2 years?
3. A motorbike loses 25% of its value every year. Atin bought it for $720.
How much would it be worth after:
a 2 years b 3 years

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 Number 1 17

4. Bledar buys a guitar for $400. Each year it loses 15% of its value at
the start of the year. How much would the guitar be worth after:
a 2 years b 3 years
5. A bank pays 7% per annum compound interest. How much will the
following people have in the bank after the number of years stated?
a Salil: $5000 after 2 years b Megan: $3500 after 2 years
c Loren: $20 000 after 3 years d Jiao: $900 after 2 years
6. Which of the following will earn more money in 2 years?
a $4000 at 5.6% p.a. simple interest or
b $4000 at 5.5% p.a. compound interest and by how much?
7. A bank pays 4% p.a. (per annum) compound interest. Use the percentage
multiplier 1.04 (100% þ 4% ¼ 104%) to find how much money would be in
the bank after 3 years if Darius invested $1500.
8. A building society offers 8% p.a. compound interest. Candice puts $560
into the building society.
a Write down the percentage multiplier which could be used to
find out how much money is in the building society after 1 year.
b How much money would be in the building society after
5 years?
9. The population of a small town increases by 14% each year. At
the end of year 2001, the town’s population was 2600.
Copy and complete the table below, giving your answers to the nearest
whole number.
End of year Population
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006

10. What is the percentage multiplier to find out how much is left
after a 21% decrease. What percentage
would you have left
11. A boat is worth $28 000. Its value depreciates (goes down) by 12% after you have
of its value each year. How much will the boat be worth after: taken off 21%?
a 3 years b 10 years
12. The value of a house increases by 9% of its value each year. If a house is
worth $170 000, how much will it be worth after:
a 2 years b 7 years c 20 years

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 Number 1 18

TASK 3.21

1. Copy and complete each sentence below:

a
The ratio of black to white is :

b :
The ratio of black to white is
2. For each diagram below, write down the ratio of black to white in
its simplest form.

a b

3. Copy the diagrams and colour them in to match the given ratio.
a
The ratio of black to white is 2 : 3.
b
The ratio of black to white is 2 : 1.
4. In a swimming pool there are 30 people. 20 of the people are male. Find
the ratio of males to females. Give the ratio in its simplest form.
5. In a box there are 14 pens and 6 pencils. Find the ratio of pens to pencils
in its simplest form.
6. The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3 : 4. If there are 12 boys,
how many girls are there?
7. The ratio of blond haired people to dark haired people is 5 to 2. If there
are 6 dark haired people, how many blond haired people are there?
8. Change the following ratios to their simplest form.
a 8 : 10 b 30 : 40 c 12 : 30 d 63 : 27
e 32 : 28 f 12 : 9 : 21 g 50 cm : 4 m h 25p : £3
9. 5 lemons cost 95 cents. What do 3 lemons cost?
10. 4 kiwi fruit cost 84 cents. What do 6 kiwi fruit cost?
11. 7 books cost $42. How much will 9 books cost?
12. 8 hats cost $56. How much will 7 hats cost?
13. 3 dishwashers cost $1245. What do 5 dishwashers cost?
14. 4 calculators cost $23.96. How much will 7 calculators cost?
15. Mindy used 550 g of lamb to make a curry for 8 people. How
much lamb would she have to use to make curry for 12 people?

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 Number 1 19

TASK 3.22


1. a Divide $150 in the ratio 1 : 4.
c Divide 49 g in the ratio 2 : 5.
b Divide $60 in the ratio 3 : 2.
d Divide 96 kg in the ratio 5 : 3.
e Divide $900 in the ratio 6 : 1 : 3. f Divide 75 litres in the ratio 4 : 5 : 6.
2. Lars and Astrid receive a total of 30 presents in the ratio 3 : 7. How many
presents do each of them receive?
3. A man leaves $12 000 to Diego and Malika in the ratio 5 : 1. How
much will each person get?

4. There are 45 000 fans at a football match between Ecuador and Algeria.
The ratio of Ecuador fans to Algeria fans is 5 : 4. How many Ecuador
fans are at the football match?
a How much yellow is used if 8 litres of blue are used?
b How much blue is used if 35 litres of yellow are used?
c How much yellow and how much blue must be used to make 72 litres
of the paint?
5. Some money is left to Shakira and Dido in the ratio 9 : 11. If Shakira
gets $1080, how much will Dido get?
6. Orange squash is diluted with water in the ratio 1 : 7.
a If 12 ml of orange squash is used, how much water should be added?
b If 72 ml of water is used, how much orange squash should be added?
7. Domingo, Simone and Fabiano earn money in the ratio 3 : 2 : 5. If
Domingo earns $27 000 each year, how much do Simone and Fabiano
each earn?
8. Ginny and Khalid have collected hats in the ratio 7 : 4. If Ginny has
63 hats, how many hats do they have in total?
9. Daya, Ria and Lewis own CDs in the ratio 14 : 5 : 9. If Lewis
owns 81 CDs, how many CDs do they own in total?

TASK 3.23

1. If 4 chocolate bars cost $3, find the cost of 7 bars.

2. If 5 cakes cost $4.25, what is the cost of 3 cakes?
3. A dog can run 100 metres in 12 seconds. How long does it take to run
60 metres?
4. A drill can make a hole 15 cm deep in 5 seconds. How long would it take
to drill a hole 18 cm deep?

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 Number 1 20

5. It takes 25 painters 18 months to paint the Eiffel Tower.

a How many months would it take 15 painters?
b How many painters would it take to do the job in 10 months?
6. A man has enough food to feed his 4 dogs for 6 days. How many dogs
would this amount of food feed for 8 days?
7. If 12 spiders can eat 6 flies in 3 hours, how many flies could 8 spiders eat
in 12 hours?
8. If $2 (American dollars) can be exchanged for 93 INR (Indian rupees),
how many American dollars can 348.75 INR be exchanged for?
9. If 1 nautical mile is equal to 1.15 miles, to 2 decimal places, and a boat can
travel 20 nautical miles in an hour, how long does it take the boat to
travel 30 miles? Give your answer to the nearest minute.
10. If it takes g girls d days to build a car, how many days will it take a quarter
of the girls to build 2 cars?

TASK 3.24

Use D to help you work out the questions below.

S T

1. A train travels 504 km in 4 hours. What was the average speed of the train?
2. A coach covers a distance of 225 1 km at an average speed of 73 km/hr.
2
How long was the coach travelling for?
3. Gyasi cycles 3 km in 15 minutes. What was his average speed in km/hr?
4. Yun Hee drives from Daejeon to Seoul at an average speed of 84 km/hr.
The journey takes 1 hour 30 minutes. How far is it from Daejeon to Seoul?
5. A train travels 47 km in 20 minutes. What is the speed of the train in km/hr?
6. Kefilwe drives 24 km from her home to work. She travels at an average speed of
32 km/hr. If she leaves home at 8:05 a.m., when will she arrive at work?

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 Number 1 21

7. Distance from Auckland (miles)

Hamilton 80
70
60
50
40
Services 30
20
10
Auckland 0
0900

0930

1000

1030

1100

1130

1200

1230

1300
Time
The graph at the bottom of the last page shows a car journey from
Auckland to Hamilton and back.
a How far from Auckland is the car at 1015?
b How far from Auckland is the car at 1036?
c Find the speed of the car between the Services and Hamilton.
d On the return journey, at what time was the car 70 miles from Auckland?
e For how long did the car stop in Hamilton?
f Find the speed of the car on the return journey from Hamilton to
Auckland.
8. Leanne is travelling at 13 km/hr. Fernando is moving at 3.5 m/s. Who is
travelling faster?
9. A train travels 253 km at an average speed of 92 km/hr then 45 km at an
average speed of 10 m/s. Find the average speed for the whole journey in
km/hr.
10. Iryana travels for 48 minutes at 75 km/hr then for 1 hour 12 minutes
at x km/hr. If she travels a total distance of 126 km, find the value of x.

TASK 3.25

Use D to help you work out the questions below:

S T
1. Find the speed for each distance and time shown below.
a distance ¼ 60 miles, time ¼ 3 hours
b distance ¼ 325 km, time ¼ 5 hours
2. Find the distance for each speed and time shown below.
a speed ¼ 45 mph, time ¼ 2 hours
b speed ¼ 58 mph, time ¼ 1 hour
2

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 Number 1 22

3. Find the time taken for each distance and speed shown below.
a distance ¼ 280 km, speed ¼ 70 km/hr
b distance ¼ 50 km, speed ¼ 20 km/hr
4. Copy and complete this table.

Distance (km) Time (hours) Speed (km/hr)

324 9
4 51
1.5 60
150 25
245 35
40 0.5

5. Eoin cycles 3 km in 15 minutes. What was his average speed in km/hr?

6. Clytie drives from Larissa to Volos at an average speed of
84 km/hr. The journey takes 1 hour 30 minutes. How far is it from Larissa
to Volos?
7. A train travels 47 km in 20 minutes. What is the speed of the train in
km/hr?
8. Olina drives 24 km from her home to work. She travels at an average
speed of 32 km/hr. If she leaves home at 8.05 a.m., when will she
arrive at work?

Use M to help you work out the questions below:

DV
9. A solid weighs 450 g and has a volume of 50 cm3. Find the density
of this solid.
10. A liquid has a density of 2 g/cm3. How much does the liquid weigh
if its volume is 240 cm3?
11. A metal bar has a density of 12 g/cm3 and a mass of 360 g.
Find the volume of the metal bar.
12. Copy and complete this table.

Density (g/cm3) Mass (g) Volume (cm3)

7 90
240 60
8 152
42 0.5
13 585
1.5 140

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 Number 1 23


13. Gold has a density of 19.3 g/cm3. A gold ring has a volume of 1.1 cm3.
Find the mass of the gold ring.
14. A brass handle has a volume of 17 cm3 and a mass of 139.4 g.
Find the density of the brass.
15. Which has a greater volume  102.6 g of lead with density
11.4 g/cm3 or 78.85 g of steel with density 8.3 g/cm3? Write down by how
much.

16. The density of this metal bar is

7.4 g/cm3.
Find the mass of this metal bar.
Give your answer in kg.
(Note the length is given in metres) 5 cm 1.2 m
8 cm
17. A curtain material costs $38 per metre. How much will 4.5 m cost?
18. Each year a farmer makes a profit of 90 cents per m2
in this triangular field. How much profit does
he make in total? Give your answer in
dollars.
130 m

200 m

TASK 3.26

1 Round to the nearest 10.

a 38 b 43 c 84 d 75 e 328
2. Round to the nearest 100.
a 340 b 764 c 350 d 1240 e 1550
3. Round to the nearest 1000.
a 3700 b 5550 c 7143 d 4238 e 6500
4. Rosario has $13.64. Round this to the nearest pound.
5. Maria weighs 54.37 kg. Round this to the nearest kilogram.
6. Round to the nearest whole number.
a 6.8 b 4.5 c 7.6 d 13.2 e 18.5
7. Work out these answers with a calculator and then round off the answers to the
nearest whole number.
a 7.1  3.89 b 6.31  4.75 c 5.08  3.17 d 693  19
e 512  4.67 f 71.4  5.26 g 5.61  13 h 6.82  1.78

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 Number 1 24

8. One evening around 300 people visit a nightclub. This number is rounded
off to the nearest 100. Which of the numbers below could be the exact
number of people at the nightclub?
260 349 249 359 302 393 287 238
9. Round off 16 456 to
a the nearest 10 b the nearest 100 c the nearest 1000.

TASK 3.27

1. Which of the numbers below are correctly rounded off:

a 48 ! 50 (to nearest 10) b 152 ! 100 (to nearest 100)
c 124 ! 130 (to nearest 10) d 3817 ! 4000 (to nearest 1000)
e 6.2 ! 6 (to nearest whole number) f 42 ! 40 (to nearest 10)
g 5.9 ! 5 (to nearest whole number) h 9500 ! 9000 (to nearest 1000)
i 4750 ! 4800 (to nearest 100) j 8.49 ! 9 (to nearest whole number)
2. Which of these numbers will round to 7000 when rounded
to the nearest 1000:
7604 6450 6550 6508 6878 6243 6500 7143 7500 7338
3. 10 800 people live in a city (to the nearest 100). Write down the least
number of people that might live in the city.
4. Round each of these numbers to the nearest whole number:
a 7.6 b 14.5 c 0.82 d 52.17 e 14.48
5. 75 000 people went on a protest march. If this number had been rounded
to the nearest 1000, write down the lowest number of people that might
have been on the protest march.
6. Round each of these numbers to the nearest 1 kg:
a 2.9 kg b 4.28 kg c 8.47 kg d 3.814 kg e 15.613 kg
7. 8.5238176 is 9 to the nearest whole number because the first
digit after the decimal point is 5 or more so round up.
Round each of these numbers to the nearest whole number:
a 3.498173 b 6.281365
c 12.817624 d 38.48932
e 0.724816 f 67.5186326
8. Work out these answers on a calculator and then round off the answer to the nearest
whole number. Which answer is the odd one out?
a 431  28 b 48.3  0.3206 c 3.91782 d 624  37
9. 58  81 is roughly 60  80 ¼ 4800.
Work out a rough answer to each question below by rounding each number
to the nearest 10:
a 89  32 b 42  91 c 78  11 d 592
3
e 99  98 
f 359 72 g 19 h 349  68

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 Number 1 25

TASK 3.28

1. Which of the numbers below are correctly rounded off to the number of
decimal places shown:
a 3.68 ! 3.6 (to 1 decimal place) b 5.74 ! 5.7 (to 1 decimal place)
c 5.53 ! 5.5 (to 1 decimal place) d 8.264 ! 8.27 (to 2 decimal places)
e 6.828 ! 6.83 (to 2 decimal places) f 17.614 ! 17.6 (to 1 decimal place)
2. Round these numbers to 2 decimal places.
a 4.814 b 0.363 c 28.1894 d 5.645

3. Which numbers opposite 6.746 6.742

round to 6.74 (to
2 decimal places)?
6.7534 6.74 6.73512

6.738 6.749
4. Work out these answers on a calculator and then round the answers to the
accuracy shown.
a 4.16  2.7 (to 1 decimal place) b 14.6  7 (to 2 decimal places)
2
c 284  31 (to 1 decimal place) d p ffiffiffiffiffi (to 2 decimal places)
0.387
e 9  0.53 (to 3 decimal places) f 29 (to 2 decimal places)
g (7.16  3.49)2 (to 3 decimal places) h 0.72  0.81  0.3 (to 3 decimal places)

TASK 3.29

1. Write the numbers below correct to 3 significant figures.

a 3.168 b 5.6163 c 41.689 d 0.1472
e 16.594 f 61 749 g 26 447 h 317.58
2. Which numbers below round to 37 200 (to 3 significant figures)?

37 261 37 169

37 241 37 200 37 212

37 149 37 134

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 Number 1 26

3. Which numbers below are correctly rounded off to 2 significant figures?

a 5.65 ¼ 5.7 b 4189 ¼ 4100
c 0.0176 ¼ 0.018 d 0.0607 ¼ 0.061

4. Use a calculator to work out the following, giving each answer to the number
of significant figures shown.
a 64  3.7 (3 s.f.) b 20.8  11.6 (2 s.f.)
c (8.14 þ 6.5)  19 (2 s.f.) d 14.62 (3 s.f.)
e 48  12.61 (3 s.f.) f 172  486 (2 s.f.)
g 13.63  0.18 (1 s.f.) h 4:8 (2 s.f.)
(6:4 þ 2:34)
5. Estimate, correct to 1 significant figure: 2
þ 15:12 þ 18:87
a 6.9  10.01 b 28.03  6.89 c 19.932 d 4:9 e 9:04
1:961 20:07

f 1 of $23 998 g 3 of $79 999 h 26% of $12 134 i 29:892 þ 19:9

8 4 19:94  10:103
6. Do not use a calculator.
384  27 ¼ 10 368
Work out
a 10 368  27 b 10 368  384 c 38.4  27
7. Do not use a calculator.
486  147 ¼ 71 442
Work out
a 71 442  147 b 48.6  14.7 c 4.86  14.7
8. Do not use a calculator.
37 107  63 ¼ 589
Work out
a 589  63 b 37 107  589 c 3710.7  6.3

TASK 3.30

1. Write each length in cm.

a 3m b 1.2 m c 5.8 m d 3.64 m e 0.7 m Remember
10 mm ¼ 1 cm
2. Write each mass in grams. 100 cm ¼ 1 m
a 4 kg b 6.5 kg c 3.2 kg d 4.718 kg e 0.9 kg 1000 m ¼ 1 km
3. Which metric unit would you use to measure: 1000 g ¼ 1 kg
a the length of a car b the mass of a car c the width of a pin 1000 kg ¼ 1 tonne
1000 ml ¼ 1 litre
4. Sam says that his dad weighs about 80 grams. Is this likely to be 1 ml ¼ 1 cm3
a good estimate?
5. Write each length in metres.
a 600 cm b 450 cm c 5 km d 5.3 km e 7.186 km

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 Number 1 27

6. Write each quantity in ml.

a 8 litres b 9.5 litres c 4.6 litres d 4.315 litres e 60 cm3
7. Venkata has a 1 litre bottle of lemonade. If 560 ml of lemonade is
used, how much is left in the bottle?
8. Esteban is running in a 3 km race. He has covered 900 metres. How much
further to the end of the race?
9. Bilal buys a 2.5 kg bag of potatoes. If he uses up 820 g of
potatoes, what weight is left in the bag?
10. Tereza walks 3.8 km and Miwa walks 937 m. How much further
has Tereza walked than Miwa?
11. Copy and complete the following:
a 2.6 m ¼ cm b 3.82 m ¼ cm c 470 cm ¼ m
d 90 mm ¼ cm e 4 mm ¼ cm f 1500 m ¼ km
g 3.5 kg ¼ g h 600 g ¼ kg i 0.28 kg ¼ g
j 1.9 tonnes ¼ kg k 620 ml ¼ litres l 1937 litres ¼ ml
m 8.2 litres ¼ ml n 3.26 litres ¼ ml o 43 g ¼ kg
12. A shop uses 40 g of cheese in one sandwich. How many sandwiches will
the shop make if it has 3.2 kg of cheese?
13. Write the following amounts in order of size, starting with the smallest.
a 8 cm, 0.81 m, 7.4 cm, 83 mm
b 780 g, 0.7 kg, 738 g, 0.79 kg
c 5 km, 57 m, 509 m, 0.6 km, 4.7 km
d 274 ml, 0.28 l, 0.279 l, 275 ml, 2.14 l

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