International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol (6), Issue (3), March (2025), Page – 6133-6135

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews

Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421

Partial replacement of cement with rice husk ash and fly ash in Manu-
facturing of brick
1st Prof. R. S. Bute, 2nd Miss. Snehal S. Sahare, 3rd Mr. Arshil H. Sheikh, 4th Mr. Fardeen A. Sheikh,
5th Mr. Chetan A. Sawankar, 6th Mr. Shubham V. Katole

1
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India
2
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India
3
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India
4
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India
5
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India
6
Department of Civil Engineering Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur Nagpur, Maharashtra India

ABSTRACT —

Brick production is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly through the use of energy-intensive materials such as sound and concrete. To
mitigate these emissions, researchers looked at alternative materials for brick production, including industrial and agricultural waste. Industrial waste such as flying
ash, and agricultural waste such as rice shell ash (RHA). It can also be used as a complementary material in brick production. These wastes have been shown to
improve the resulting brick properties, such as pressure resistance and durability, and at the same time reduce the energy savings required for production. Overall,
using industrial and agricultural waste and brick production increases greenhouse gas emissions and sustainability in the construction industry. However, further
research is needed to optimize the use of these wastes and ensure that brick results meet the required quality standards.

Introduction:

Generally there are bricks that are heavy in size. The bricks are placed on a horizontal course, sometimes dry, and sometimes mortar. When the term is
used in that sense, bricks can be made from clay, lime, sand, concrete, or shaped sounds. If you have little clinical or colloquial sensation, bricks are
usually made up of dry soil from a surface containing clay. In the case of Adobe, bricks just dry out. Often, they are fired in some way to form the actual
ceramic. Bricks are blocks or individual unit ceramic materials used in the construction of masonry. As a rule, bricks are either bundled together or
assembled as masonry with different types of mortars to form the bricks together forever. Bricks are usually produced in bulk sizes, either corn or standard
size. They were considered one of the longest and strongest building materials. Generally there are bricks that are heavy in size.

Literature Survey :

1) Varun Yadav, Nitinin Rajput, "Developing Bricks Using Industrial and Agricultural Wastes", International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET), July 2021, Edition: Wasser Absorption increases with increased absorption of engraved pairs of density
and bricks Cytzigram is easy. The increased proportion of rice straw reduces pressure resistance. The pressure strength test is code 516-1459.

2) Yasodha T. "The agriculture industry is discarded as a sustainable resource for brick production." India Ministry of Biotechnology, PGPCAS. Se
ptember 17th Vol. Increased the shooting temperature and reduced the amount of brick ash, resulting in reduced water absorption.

Raw Materials :

Material collections are the fundamental and important steps of every project. Furthermore, the materials used in the project do not cause environmental
damage. In our project we used cement, flight ash and rice shell ash. Rice shell ash was produced by burning the rice shell.

• Rice Husk Ash (RHA)

Rice shells, also known as rice hull, are coatings of seeds or rice grains. It is formed from hard materials containing silica and lignin to protect seeds
during vegetation periods. Free-of-of-art Each Ig of white rice leads to approximately 0.28 kg of rice shells as the production of rice production during
the meal. Rice shell (RHA) fillers are derived from rice shells, which are usually considered agricultural waste and environmental risks. When burned
outside the rice mill, the rice shell supplies two types of ashes that act as fillers for plastic materials .
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol (6), Issue (3), March (2025), Page – 6133-6135 6134

• Cement
Cement is the only bonding material used throughout the project by mixing sand. 43 Notes (ACC) of regular Portland cement is used in the project. The
cement state is fresh, and the lumps prove that John Aspidine's Portland cement was invented. This is a problem for each powder and is most frequently
used in various types as a bonding material. It is a mixture of chalk or limestone along with clay. It is a binder, a substance that is affected by the structure
that hardens, hardens, retains and ties other materials together. In India, three OPC classes are created. In other words, it's 33 classes, 43 classes, and 53
classes. According to the standard testing process, the pressure resistance of the cement is pushed out after 28 days. 43 grades of OPCs have been used
in research.

• Fly Ash
Flying ash in the most thermal power plants is a resource material for the cement industry and construction products. It is also used as a building material
on the streets and flies over embankments, saving the earth and contributing to the deterioration of good farmland. Using flight ash on concrete improves
the processability of plastic concrete and the strength and durability of hardened concrete. Flying ash is also inexpensive. When flight ash is added to
concrete, you can reduce the amount of Portland cement. Airtock concrete is resistant to acidic and sulfate attacks. Flight ash concrete shrinks very little.

Methodology :

The process and method of brick production using flight ash and rice shells was determined and carried out after a deep literature overview. Below are
steps to achieve the formation of eco-friendly bricks
1. .1. Literature review on "Utilization of industrial and agricultural waste to produce eco-friendly.
2. Deciding the method to perform the making operations and test.
3. Collection of raw materials.
4. Specimen making (19cm x 9cm x 9cm).
5. Preliminary Test.
6. 6 Manufacturing of bricks
7. Basic test on BIAW bricks.
8. Performance and analysis of test on bricks sample.

Type of Test

• Water Absorption
The absorption test is performed on bricks to determine the amount of moisture content absorbed under extreme conditions of bricks. This test involves
taking samples of dried bricks and measuring them. After measuring, these bricks are placed in water 24 hours. Next, weigh the wet bricks and write
down their value. The difference in weight between dry and wet bricks leads to water absorption. With quality bricks, water intake should not exceed
20% of the weight of dry bricks.

• Compressive Strength test

The shredded strength of the brick is determined by placing the brick on a compression texting machine. After placing the bricks in the compression test
machine, you can charge them until the brick burner breaks. Pay attention to the fault load value and ensure that the minimum strength value for brick
bricks is 3.50 n/mm². This test was conducted by a compression tester after 7, 14, and 28 DE from the date of Gasvia-W-ziegel. Biaw bricks have Brinle
behavior as the structure first showed some cracks and then collapsed, causing the Biaw brick to fail under higher loads.

• Soundness Test
Two stones were placed and stacked together for this test. The bricks were not broken and a transparent bell was created. Therefore, bricks are operated
safely.

• Hardness Test
The surface of the brick has a scratch created on the surface of the brick, with its hard components. If this doesn't affect the bricks, then a good first gra
de brick.

Future Scope :

1. The use of green waste materials such as plastic, flight ash, and rice straws can avoid any problems associated with disposal.
2. By changing the brick-changing tone, you can significantly reduce the lack of fertile soil and an agricultural environment.
3. Traditional techniques for producing bricks pollute the air. Air pollutants can be reduced by forcing new, unfree brick technology.

REFERENCES :

1. Hammond, G.P. and Jones, C.I. (2008), ―Embodied energy and carbon in construction materials‖, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil
Engineers - Energy, Vol. 161 No. 2, pp. 87– 98.[10]
 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol (6), Issue (3), March (2025), Page – 6133-6135 6135

2. Awasthi, A., Singh, N., Mittal, S., Gupta, P.K. and Agarwal, R. (2010), ―Effects of agriculture crop residue burning on children and young
on PFTs in North West India‖, Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier B.V., Vol. 408 No. 20, pp. 4440–4445.[5]
3. El-Turki, A., Ball, R.J. and Allen, G.C. (2007), ―The influence of relative humidity on structural and chemical changes during carbonation
of hydraulic lime‖, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 37 No. 8, pp. 1233–1240. [8]
4. Banerjee, S. (2015), ―Brick kilns contribute about 9 per cent of total black carbon emissions in India‖, Cseindia.Org, at:
http://www.cseindia.org/brick-kilns-contribute about-9- per-cent-of-total-blackcarbon emissions-in-india-5713.[7]
5. Gadling, P. and Varma, M.B. (2016), ―Comparative study on fly ash bricks and normal clay bricks comparative study on fly ash bricks and
normal clay bricks‖, No. January 2016, pp.