CONTENTS

Sl. No. Contents Page No.

1 Preamble 1-2

2 Competencies for the Indian D. Pharm Holders 3-4

Competency Mapping with the Courses (Part I, II & III) of

3 5
Education Regulation 2020

4 ER-2020 D. Pharm Syllabus - An Overview 6-8

5 Guidelines for the conduct of theory examinations 9

6 Guidelines for the conduct of practical examinations 10-11

7 ER-2020 D. Pharm Syllabus - Part I 12-35

8 ER-2020 D. Pharm Syllabus - Part II 36-64

9 Appendices 65-77
 1. Preamble

"Revamping the curriculum, pedagogy, assessment, and student support" is one of the vision
statements and recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP) of Govt. of India for
attaining enhanced learning experiences by the students. In light of this, Pharmacy Council of
India, the apex body regulating the pharmacy education in the country, committed to revise the
education regulations of Diploma In Pharmacy (D. Pharm) program and thus, the 'Education
Regulation 2020' (ER-2020) has been notified in the Gazette of India in October 2020. This new
regulation has given due consideration for the fact that, universally the role of pharmacist has
undergone continuous evolution form 'dispenser of medicines' to 'medicine expert' in the
multidisciplinary health care team.

Accordingly, the courses (course means the subject) of the existing education regulations (ER-
91) have been revisited, compared with the present and future needs of the society, expectations
of the healthcare team and other stakeholders from the pharmacists were assessed, feedback form
the experts in the pharmacy and other healthcare professions were sought. Thus, the course of
study prescribed in ER-2020 is an amalgamation of all such exercises to arrive at a curriculum
structure for D. Pharm that is more relevant to the current practice standards, dynamic to
accommodate and address the upcoming changes.

Though the total number of courses across the program remain 21 as that of ER-91, the number
of theory courses is reduced form 12 to 11 in the new regulation, while the number of practical
courses is increased from 9 to 10. Further, the theory teaching hours across the program have
been reduced form 850 to 825, while the practical hours have been increased from 750 to 800 in
the new regulation. Three practical courses have been introduced for the first time in ER-2020.
Further, about 275 hours have been assigned for the first time in D. Pharm curriculum for
'Tutorial' activities. All such changes explicitly reveal that the ER-2020 is intended to provide a
little edge to the experiential learning through the practical courses and encourages the small
group teaching-learning, self-directed learning, etc. in the tutorial hours.

Introduction of 'Pharmacotherapeutics' courses (theory and practical) is one of the revolutionary

changes in the new curriculum, that will help the students to hone their knowledge and skills in
the area of pharmaceutical care services which will certainly redefine the roles of the D. Pharm
qualified pharmacists in both community and hospital settings. Also the introduction of 'Social
Pharmacy' courses (theory and practical) will provide insights about the primary and preventive
healthcare concepts in the country and the potential roles of pharmacists in such healthcare
segments.

In this backdrop, the Council has formulated a Committee which comprised of 16 Members who
have rich experiences in various domains such as education, hospital
pharmacy practice, community pharmacy practice, clinical pharmacy practice, administrative and
regulatory affairs to design the syllabus for the individual theory and practical courses as per the
curriculum framework difined in ER-2020. The Committee with its clear understanding about the
philosophy and objectives of the ER-2020, drafted the syllabus for individual theory and practical
courses with utmost care to avoid repetitions, redundancy, over/under utilization of hours, etc.
Every course is defined with scope, set of course objectives and course outcomes which will help
to understand the significance and the expectations of the course from both teachers and students.
Lots of scope has been given in the syllabus for the active learning by the students through the
assignment topics and field visit activities which will enhance their critical thinking, searching
scientific literatures, interpretational skills and communication skills.

According to the ER-2020 curriculum framework, the students do not earn any credits based on
the academic hours they spend. However, as per the conventional methodology of credit
calculations, the curriculum of ER-2020 shall be deemed equivalent to 80 credits that shall be
used for the administrative purposes, wherever necessary.

Further, the 'Competencies for the Indian D. Pharm Holders' based on the knowledge, skill,
attitude and value that are essential for the successful practice of the profession have been
derived. These competencies have also been mapped with the individual courses of the
curriculum based on the expected outcomes of the individual course. Thus, the courses and the
competencies are interlaced in such a way that multiple courses contribute to build one
competency and one course contributes to build more than one competency, which reveal the
strength of the competency mapping.

The Council strongly believes that the ER-2020 regulations, curriculum and syllabus will uplift
the knowledge and skills of the students on par with the contemporary and future professional
demands and enable them to be a successful practitioner in the chosen field of pharmacy.

By considering the substantial changes and inclusion of advanced and current subject matters in
the new syllabus, the Council shall conduct series of meetings, seminars, conferences,
workshops, and webinars for the faculty members handling D. Pharm courses and equip them to
deliver such new courses I topics more effectively and efficiently.

The Council appreciate all the efforts of the Members for successfully bringing out the Education
Regulations 2020, curriculum and syllabus. Also, profound gratitude to all the stakeholders who
contributed directly or indirectly in completing this task.
 2. Competencies for the Indian D. Pharm Holders

Competency is defined as "A distinct composite of knowledge, skill, attitude and value that is
essential to the practice of the profession in real life contexts".

The candidates who successfully complete the Diploma in Pharmacy (D. Pharm) program of
Education Regulations 2020 (ER-2020), from the institutions approved by the Pharmacy Council
of India are expected to attain the following professional competencies.

1. Review Prescriptions.
2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription Medicines
3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education
4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management
5. Expertise on Medications
6. Proficiency on drugs / pharmaceuticals
7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership
8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare
9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice
10. Continuing Professional Development

1. Review Prescriptions : The student should receive and handle prescriptions in a professional
manner and be able to check for their completeness and correctness. Also, the prescribers should
be contacted for any clarifications and corrections in the prescriptions with suggestions if any.

2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription Medicines : The student should be able to

dispense the various scheduled drugs / medicines as per the implications of the Drug &
Cosmetics Act and Rules thereunder. Also, the non-prescription medicines (over-the-counter
drugs) should be dispensed judicially to the patients as required.

3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education : The student should be able to effectively counsel /
educate the patients / caretakers about the prescription / non-prescription medicines and other
health related issues. Effective communication includes using both oral and written
communication skills and various communication techniques.

4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management : The student should be able to manage
the drug distribution system as per the policies and guidelines of the hospital pharmacy, good
community pharmacy practice and the recommendations of regulatory agencies. Also, be able to
manage the procurement, inventory, and distribution of medicines in hospital / community
pharmacy settings.
5. Expertise on Medications : The student should be able to provide an expert opinion on
medications to health care professionals on safe and effective medication-use, relevant policies
and procedures based on available evidences.

6. Proficiency on Pharmaceutical Formulations : The student should be able to describe the

chemistry, characteristics, types, merits and demerits of both drugs and excipients used in
pharmaceutical formulations based on her/his knowledge and scientific resources.

7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership : The student should be able to acquire the

entrepreneurial skills in the dynamic professional environments. Also, be able to
achieve leadership skills through teamwork and sound decision-making skills.
8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare : The student should be able to contribute to
various healthcare programs of the nation including disease prevention initiatives to improve
public health. Also contribute to the promotion of national health policies.

9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice : the student should be able to deliver professional
services in accordance with legal, ethical, and professional guidelines with integrity.

10. Continuing Professional Development : The student should be able to recognize the gaps in
the knowledge and skills in the effective delivery of professional services from time to time and
be self-motivated to bridge such gaps by attending continuing professional development
programs.
 3. Competency Mapping with the Courses (Part I, II & III) of
Education Regulations 2020

Biochemistry & Clinical

Community Pharmacy

Pharmacotherapeutics
Human Anatomy &

Hospital & Clinical

Practical Training
Pharmacy Law &
Social Pharmacy
Pharmacognosy

& Management
Pharmaceutical
Pharmaceutics

Pharmacology
Physiology
Chemistry

Pharmacy
Pathology

Ethics
Competencies

1. Review the Prescriptions √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

2. Dispense Prescription / Non-Prescription

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Medicines

3. Provide Patient Counselling / Education √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

4. Hospital and Community Pharmacy Management √ √ √ √ √

5. Expertise on Medications √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

6. Proficiency on Pharmaceutical Formulations √ √ √ √ √ √

7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership √ √ √

8. Deliver Primary and Preventive Healthcare √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice √ √ √ √ √ √

10. Continuing Professional Development √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

 4. ER-2020 D. Pharm Syllabus – An Overview
The ER-2020 D. Pharm Syllabus has the following structure in every course. Though the theory
and practical courses are not mutually exclusive, as per the Regulations, the theory and practical
are to be considered as individual courses.

Scope : These are broader statements on the purpose of the course in the curriculum, key
contents of the course that will contribute to the specific knowledge and or skill developments.
The teacher is expected to orient the students about the scope of the particular course at the
beginning and intermittently.

Course Objectives : The course objectives describe the key topics that are intended by the
teacher to be covered in the course. In general, these are more specific than the scope and broader
than the course outcomes. The teacher is expected to discuss the objectives of the course with the
students and break-down the course objectives into micro levels are objectives of a specific topic
/ objectives of a specific lecture, etc. Such an exercise shall make the students to understand the
significance of the course / topic / lecture and enhance their attention on the course / topic /
lecture.

Course Outcomes : The course outcomes are more specific than the course objectives describe
that describe the abilities of the students to perform/act, upon successful completion of the
course. Hence, conventionally the course outcomes are described with verbs that are measurable
or observable actions. The teacher is expected to describe the desired outcomes of the particular
course, so that the students shall understand the various assessment criteria, modalities, and
parameters. This also serves as a broader guideline for the teachers for preparing the assessment
plan. A well-structured assessment plan associated with the course outcomes shall enable to
mapping with the professional competencies and their attainment levels that are attributed to the
program outcomes. .

Theory Courses : The theory courses basically provide concepts and explain the
relationships between the concepts. Understanding of the theoretical courses enable the
students to identify the problems in real life situation and make a plan for addressing such
problems. Also, the theory course helps to understand what is not known and thus is the
tool for accumulation of knowledge. The syllabus of the theory courses has been
systematically and logically described as different chapters and the minimum number of hours to
be spent on teaching are mentioned chapter wise and course wise. The teachers shall further
distribute the total hours of any given chapter among the sub-topics as required by the subject
matter.
Practical Courses : The practical courses are designed for applying the theoretical knowledge in
the given experimental I simulated conditions. The practical courses deepen the understanding of
theories, develop the skills, hone professional competencies, provide opportunities to observe,
think and analyse problem solving methods. Further, they help to gain experience with the real
things in practice. The teachers shall train the students in actual I simulated practical conditions.

Tutorials : The purpose of the tutorial hour is typically to engage the students- in smaller groups
in order to pay a closer attention on their learning process. This is an opportunity for the students
to complete their assignments, develop specific skills, discuss any problems in the study topics in
a less formal way. During the, tutorial hour, the students shall exchange their ideas within the
small group, and learn to accept constructive criticism and listen to others. Also, the tutorial hour
enables the teachers to closely monitor the progress of the individual student and provide
additional academic support to individuals, if necessary.

Assignments : The purpose the assignments are to encourage the students for self-directed
learning. Further, the assignments will provoke critical thinking, enhance the skills such as
literature search, data mining, data interpretation, report formatting, time-management, and
written communication. This is also a mode of self-assessment for the student about the level of
understanding of the concepts of a particular course. The teachers shall apply their knowledge
and wisdom in choosing the assignment topics at a micro level in alignment with the topics given
in the syllabus. The assignments shall be evaluated against a set of criteria. A typical format for
the assessment of an assignment is given in Appendix-1.

Field Visits : The purpose of field visits is to provide a real-world experience to the students.
The field visits will help them to realize that what they learn within the walls of the classroom /
laboratory can help them solve the problems they see in the world around them. Also, this is
helpful to the teachers to widen their horizons of knowledge and broadening the scope of the
syllabus. Every student shall submit a report describing their objectives, experience, learning
points, etc. pertaining to the field trip in the typical format given in Appendix-2.

Recommended Books : For each course, a list of recommended books is given in the syllabus.
The list shall be considered as an important and common resource for the teaching-learning
process, but not the complete list. It is always encouraged to use the latest edition of the books
specified. Further, the teachers and students are encouraged to explore more primary, secondary,
and tertiary resources as required.
Practical Training : The goal of the practical training for the students is to provide a real-time,
supervised experience on the professional tasks emphasised in their course of study. Further, it
helps them to apply their acquired knowledge and skills in the professional working environment.
The practical training intensively prepares the students with adequate competencies and
qualifications required for the career opportunity in the future.

Thus, the ER 2020 D. Pharm syllabus is designed to nurture the students in all the three domains
of Bloom's Taxonomy viz. cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitude) and psychomotor (skills).
Further, it also provides ample of scope to the students for different learning styles viz. visual,
auditory and kinaesthetic, i.e., 'see, hear and do'.

The summary of the curriculum, courses and other activities and their metrics across the ER-
2020 D. Pharm program (Part I, II & III) are given here.

Criteria Metrics
Number of subject areas (considering both theory & practical together) 11
Number of theory courses 11
Number of practical courses 10
Number of theory hours 825
Number of practical hours 600
Number of practical training hours 500
Number of tutorial hours 275
Number of course outcomes for theory courses 45
Number of course outcomes for practical courses 40
Number of courses which have given assignments 9
Number of assignment topics given 75
Number of assignments reports each student shall submit 27
Number of courses which have field visit 5
Number of field visit reports each student shall submit 9
Number of professional competencies 10
 5. Guidelines for the conduct of theory examinations
Sessional Examinations

There shell be two or more periodic sessional (internal assessment) examinations during each
academic year. The duration of the sessional exam shall be 90 minutes. The highest aggregate of
any two performances shall form the basis of calculating the sessional marks. The scheme of the
question paper for theory sessional examinations shall be as given below.

I. Long Answers (Answer 3 out of 4) 3 x 5 = 15

II. Short Answers (Answer 5 out of 6) 5 x 3 = 15
III. Objective type Answers (Answer all 10 out of 10) 10 x 1 = 10
(Multiple Choice Questions / Fill-in the Blanks /
One word OR one Sentence questions)
----------------
Total = 40 marks
----------------
Internal assessment : The marks secured by the students out of the total 40 shall be reduced to
20 in each sessional, and then the internal assessment shall be calculated based on the best two
averages for 20 marks.

Final Board / University Examinations

The scheme of the question paper for the theory examinations conducted by the examining
authority (Board / University) shall be as given below. The duration of the final examination
shall be 3 hours.

I. Long Answers (Answer 6 out of 7) = 6 x 5 = 30

II. Short Answers (Answer 10 out of 11) = 10 x 3 = 30
III. Objective type Answers (Answer all 20) = 20 x 1 = 20
(Multiple Choice Questions / Fill-in the Blanks /
One word OR one Sentence questions)
----------------
Total = 80 marks
----------------
 6. Guidelines for the conduct of practical examinations
Sessional Examinations

There shell be two or more periodic sessional (internal assessment) practical examinations during
each academic year. The duration of the sessional exam shall be three hours. The highest
aggregate of any two performances shall form the basis of calculating the sessional marks. The
scheme of the question paper for practical sessional examinations shall be as given below.

I. Synopsis = 10
II. Experiments = 50*
III. Viva voce = 10
IV. Practical Record Maintenance = 10
----------------
Total = 80 marks
----------------
* The marks for the experiments shall be divided into various categories, viz. major experiment,
minor experiment, spotters, etc. as per the requirement of the course.

Internal assessment : The marks secured by the students out of the total of 80 shall be reduced
to 10 in each sessional, and then the internal assessment shall be calculated based on the best two
averages for 10 marks from the sessional and other 10 marks shall be awarded as per the details
given below.

Actual performance in the sessional examination = 10 marks

Assignment marks (Average of three) = 5 marks
Field Visit Report marks (Average for the reports) = 5 marks
----------------
Total = 20 marks
----------------
*, $ Only for the courses given with both assignments and field visit/s

Note :

1. For the courses having either assignments or field visit/s, the assessments of assignments or
field visit/s shall be done directly for 10 marks and added to the sessional marks

2. For the courses not having both assignment and field visit, the whole 20 marks shall be
calculated form the sessional marks.
Final Board / University Examinations

The scheme of the question paper for the practical examination conducted by the examining
authority (Board / University) shall be as given below. The duration of the final examination
shall be 3 hours.

I. Synopsis = 10
II. Experiments = 60*
III. Viva voce = 10
----------------
Total = 80 marks
----------------

* The marks for the experiments shall be divided into various categories, viz. major experiment,
minor experiment, spotters, etc. as per the requirement of the course.
 7. ER.-2020 D.Pharm syllabus – Part I

S.No Course Name of the Total Total Theory/ Tutorial

Code Course Theory/ Tutorial Practical Hours
Practicl Hours Hours per per
Hours Week Week
1. ER20-11T Pharmaceutics – 75 25 3 1
Theory
2. ER20-11P Pharmaceutics – 75 - 3 -
Practical
3. ER20-12T Pharmaceutical 75 25 3 1
chemistry- Theory
4. ER20-12P Pharmaceutical 75 - 3 -
Chemistry –
Practical
5. ER20-13T Pharmacognosy – 75 25 3 1
Theory
6. ER20-13P Pharmacognosy – 75 - 3 -
Practical
7. ER20-14T Human Anatomy & 75 25 3 1
Physiology –
Theory
8. ER20-14P Human Anatomy & 75 - 3 -
Physiology –
Practical
9. ER20-15T Social Pharmacy – 75 25 3 1
Theory
10. ER20-15P Social Pharmacy – 75 - 3 -
Practical
 PHARMACEUTICS - THEORY
Course Code: ER20-11T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: The course is designed to impart basic knowledge and skills on the art and science of
formulating and dispensing different pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of pharmaceutical dosage
forms

1. Basic concepts, types and need

2. Advantages and disadvantages, methods of preparation /formulation
3. Packaging and labelling requirements
4. Basic quality control tests, concepts of quality assurance and good manufacturing
practices

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Describe about the different dosage forms and their formulation aspects
2. Explain the advantages, disadvantages, and quality control tests of different dosage forms
3. Discuss the importance of quality assurance and good manufacturing practices

Chapter Topic Hours

1  History of the profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to 7
Pharmacy education, industry, practice, and various
professional associations.
 Pharmacy as a career
 Pharmacopoeia: Introduction to IP, BP, USP, NF and Extra
Pharmacopoeia. Salient features of Indian Pharmacopoeia
2 Packaging materials: Types, selection criteria, advantages and 5
disadvantages of glass, plastic, metal rubber as packaging materials
3 Pharmaceutical aids: Organoleptic (Colouring, flavouring, and 3
sweetening) agents
Preservatives: Definition, types with examples and uses
4 Unit operations: Definition, objectives/applications, principles, 9
construction, and workings of
Size reduction: hammer mill and ball mill
Size separation: Classification of powders according to IP, Cyclone
separator, Sieves and standards of sieves
 Mixing: Double cone blender, Turbine mixer, triple roller mill and
Silverson mixer homogenizer
Filtration: Theory of filtration, membrane filter and sintered glass
filter
Drying: working of fluidized bed dryer and process of freeze drying
Extraction: Definition, Classification, method, and applications

5 Tablets – Coated and uncoated, various modified tablets (sustained 8

release, extended-release, fast dissolving, multi-layered, etc.)
Capsules – hard and soft gelatine capsules 4
Liquid oral preparations – solution, syrup, elixir, emulsion, 6
suspension, dry powder for reconstitution
Topical preparations – ointments, creams, pastes, gels, liniments 8
and lotions, suppositories, and pessaries
Nasal preparations, Ear preparations 2
Powders and granules – Insufflations, dusting powders, effervescent 3
powders, and effervescent granules
Sterile formulations – Injectables, eye drops and eye ointments 6
Immunological products: Sera, vaccines, toxoids, and their 4
manufacturing methods.
6 Basic structure, layout, sections and activities of pharmaceutical 5
manufacturing plants
Quality control and quality assurance: Definition and concepts of
quality control and quality assurance, current good manufacturing
practice (cGMP), Introduction to the concept of calibration and
validation
7 Novel drug delivery systems: Introduction, Classification with 5
examples, advantages, and challenges

PHARMACEUTICS - PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-11P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: The course is designed to Train in formulating and dispensing common pharmaceutical
dosage forms.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss and train the following aspects of preparing and
dispensing various pharmaceutical dosage forms

1. Calculation of working formula from the official master formula

 2. Formulation of dosage forms based on working formula
3. Appropriate Packaging and labelling requirements
4. Methods of basic quality control tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Calculate the working formula from the given master formula
2. Formulate the dosage form and dispense in an appropriate container
3. Design the label with the necessary product and patient information
4. Perform the basic quality control tests for the common dosage forms

Practicals

1. Handling referring the official references: Pharmacopoeias, Formularies, etc. for retrieving
formulas, procedure, etc.
2. Formulation of the following dosage forms as per monograph standards and dispensing with
packaging and labelling
 Liquid Oral: Simple syrup, Piperazine citrate elixir, Aqueoius Iodine solution
 Emulsion: Castor oil emulsion, Cold liver oil emulsion
 Suspension: Calamine lotion, Magnesium hydroxide mixture
 Ointment: Simple ointment base, Sulphur ointment
 Cream: Centrimide cream
 Gel: Sodium alginate gel
 Liniment: Turpentine liniment, White liniment BPC
 Dry Powder: Effervescent powder granules, Dusting powder
 Sterile Injection: Normal Saline, Calcium gluconate Injection
 Hard Gelatine Capsule: Tetracycline capsules
 Tablets: Paracetamol tablets
3. Formulation of at least five commonly used cosmetic preparations – e.g. cold cream,
shampoo, lotion, toothpaste etc
4. Demonstration on various stages of tablet manufacturing processes
5. Appropriate methods of usage and storage of all dosage forms including special dosage such
as different types of inhalers , spacers, insulin pens
6. Demonstration of quality control tests and evaluation of common dosage forms viz. tablets,
capsules, emulsion injections as per the monographs
Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)
1. Various systems of measures commonly used in prescribing, compounding and
dispensing practices
2. Market preparations (including Fixed Dose Combinations) of each type of dosage forms,
their generic name, minimum three brand names and label contents of the dosage forms
mentioned in theory/practical
3. Overview of various machines/equipments/instruments involved in the formulation and
quality control of various dosage forms/pharmaceutical formulations.
4. Overview of extemporaneous preparations at community/hospital pharmacy vs.
manufacturing of dosage forms at industrial level
5. Basic pharmaceutical calculations: ratios, conversion to percentage fraction, allegation,
proof spirit, isotonicity

Field Visit

The student shall be taken for an industrial visit to pharmaceutical industries to witness and
understand the various processes of manufacturing of any of the common dosage forms viz.
tablets, capsules, liquid orals, injectables, etc. Individual report from each student on their
learning experience from the field visit shall be submitted.
 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-12T 75 Hours(3Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impact basic knowledge on the chemical structure, storage
conditions and medicinal uses of organic and inorganic chemical substances used as drugs and
pharmaceuticals. Also, this course discusses the impurities, quality control aspects of chemical
substances used in pharmaceuticals.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of the chemical substances
used as drugs and pharmaceuticals for various disease conditions
1. Chemicals classification, chemical name, chemical structure
2. Pharmacological uses, doses, stability and storage conditions
3. Different types of formulations/dosage form available and their brand names
4. Impurity testing and basic quality controls tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course,, the students will be able to
1. Describe the chemical class, structure and chemical name of the commonly used drugs
and pharmaceuticals of both organic and inorganic nature
2. Discuss the pharmacological uses, dosage regimen, stability issues and storage conditions
of all such chemical substances commonly used as drugs
3. Describe the quantitative and qualitative analysis, impurity testing of the chemical
substances given in the official monographs
4. Identify the dosage form & the brand names of the drugs and pharmaceuticals popular in
the marketplace

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to Pharmaceutical chemistry: Scope and objectives 8
Sources and types of errors: Accuracy, precision, significant figures
Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: Sources and effect of impurities in
Pharmacopoeial substances, importance of limit test, Principle and
procedures of Limit tests for chlorides, sulphates, iron, heavy metals
and arsenic.
2 Volumetric analysis: Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, Acid-base 8
titration, non-aqueous titration, precipitation titration , complexometric
titration, redox titration
Gravimetric analysis: Principle and method.
 3 Inorganic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutical formulations, market 7
preparations, storage conditions and uses of
 Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous fumarate, Ferric
ammonium citrate, Ferrous ascorbate, Carbonyl iron
 Gastro-intestinal Agents: Antacids :Aluminium hydroxide gel,
Magnesium hydroxide, Magaldrate, Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium
Carbonate, Acidifying agents, Adsorbents, Protectives, Cathartics
 Topical agents: Silver Nitrate, Ionic Silver, Chlorheixidine
Gluconate, Hydrogen peroxide, Boric acid, Bleaching powder,
Potassium permanganate
 Dental Products: Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluride, Denture
cleaners, Denture adhesives, Mouth washes
 Mecicinal gases: Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen
4 Introduction to nomenclature of organic chemical systems with 2
particular reference to heterocyclic compounds containing up to Three
rings
Study of the following category of medicinal compounds with respect to classification,
chemical name, chemical structure (compounds marked with*) uses, stability and storage
conditions, different types of formulations and their popular brand names
5 Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System 9
 Anaesthetics: Thiopental Sodium*, Ketamine Hydrochloride*,
Propofol
 Sedatives and Hypnotics: Duazepam*, Alprazolam*, Nitrazepam,
Phenobarbital*
 Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride*, Haloperidol*,
Risperidone*, Sulpiride*, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Lurasidone
 Anticonvulsants: Phenytion*, Carbamazepine*, Clonazepam,
Valporic Acid*,Gabapentin*, Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Lamotrigine
 Anti-Depressants: Amitriptyline Hydrochloride*, Imipramine
Hydrochloride*, Fluoxetine*, Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Sertraline,
Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine
6 Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System 9
 Sympathomimetic Agents: Direct Acting: Nor-Epinephrine*,
Epinephrine, Phenylephrine, Dopamine*, Tertaline, Salbutamol
(Albuterol), Naphazoline*, Tetrahydrozoline. Indirect Acting
 Agents: Hydroxy Amphetamine, Psedoephedrine. Agents With
Mixed Mechanism: Ephedrine, Metaraminol
 Adrenegric Antagonists: Alpha Adrenergic Blockers: Tolazoline,
Phentolamine
 Phenoxybenzamine, Prazosin. Beta Adrenergic Blockers:
Propranol*, Atenolol*, Carvedilol
 Cholinergic Drugs and related Agents: Direct Acting Agents:
Acetylocholine*, Carbachol, And Pilocarpine. Cholinesterase
Inhibitors: Neotigime*, Edrophonium Chloride, Tacrine
Hydrochloride, Pralidoxime Chloride, Echothiopate Iodine
 Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Atropine Sulphate*, Ipratropium
Bromide
Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Tropicamide,
Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride, Clidinium Bromide, Dicyclomine
Hydrochloride*
7 Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System 5
 Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine Sulphate, Procainamide
Hydrochloride, Verapamil, Phenytoin Sodium*, Lidocaine
Hydrochloride, Lorcainide Hydrochloride, Amiodarone and
Sotaalol
 Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Propranolol*, Captopril*, Ramipril,
Methylopate Hydrochloride, Clonidine Hydrochloride,
Hydralazine, Nifedipine,
 Antianginal Agents: Isosorbide Dinitrate
8 Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Frusemider*, Bumetanide, Chlorthalidone, 2
Benzthiazide, Metolazone, Xlpamide, Spironolactone
9 Hypoglycemic Agents: Insulin and its Preparations, Metformin*, 3
Glibenclamide*, Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Repaglinide, Gliflozins,
Gliptins
10 Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Morphine Analogues, 3
Narcotic Antagonists; Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory (NSAIDs) –
Aspirin*, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen*, Piroxicam, Celecoxib, Mefenamic
Acid, Paracetamol*, Aceclofenac
11 Anti-Infective Agents 8
 Antifungal Agents: Amphotericin-B, Griseofulvin, Miconazole*,
Ketoconazole*, Itraconazole, Fluconazole*, Naftifine
Hydrochloride
  Urinary Tract Anti-Infective Agents: Norfloxacin,
Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin*, Moxifloxacin,
 Anti-Tubercular Agents: INH*, Ethambutol, Para Amino
Salicylic Acid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin, Bedaquilite, Delamanid,
Pretomanid*
 Antiviral Agents: Amantadine Hydrochloride, Idoxuridine,
Acyclovir*, Foscarnet, Zidovudine, Ribavirin, Remdesivir,
Favipiravir
 Antimalarials: Quinine Sulphate, Chloroquine Phosphate*,
Primaquine Phosphate, Mefloquine*, Cycloguanil, Pyrimethamine,
Artemisinin
 Sulfonamides: Sulfonamide, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole,
Sulfacetamide*, MafenideAcetate, Cotrimoxazole, Dapsone*
12 Antibiotics: Penicillin G, Amoxicillin*, Cloxaxillin, Streptomycin, 8
Tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Minocycline, Marcrolides:
Erythomycin, Azithromycin, Miscellaneous: Chloramphenicol*
Clindamycin
13 Anti-Neoplastic Agents: Cyclophosphamide*, Busulfan, 3
Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil*, Methotrexate, Dactinomycin,
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Vinblastine Sulphate, Cisplastin*,
Dromostanolone Propoinate

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-12p 75 Hours (3Hours/week)

Scope: This is designed to impart basic training and hands-on experiences to synthesis chemical
substances used as drugs and pharmaceuticals. Also, to perform the quality control tests, impurity
testing, test for purity and synthetic qualitative analysis of chemical substances used as drugs and
pharmaceuticals.

Course Objectives: This course will provide the hands-on experience on the following aspects
of chemical substances used as drugs and pharmaceutical
1. Limit tests and assays of selected chemical substances as per the monograph
2. Volumetric analysis of the chemical substances
3. Basic of preparatory chemistry and their analysis
4. Systematic qualitative analysis for the identification of the chemical drugs
Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Perform the limit tests for various inorganic elements and reports
2. Prepare standard solutions using the principles of volumetric analysis
3. Test the purity of the selected inorganic and organic compounds against the monograph
standards
4. Synthesize the selected chemical substances as per the standard synthetic scheme
5. Perform qualitative tests to systematically identify the unknown chemical substances

Practicals

S. No. Experiment
1 Limit test for
 Chloride; sulphate; Iron; heavy metals
2 Identification tests for Anios and Cations as per Indian Pharmacopoeia
3 Fundamentals of Volumetric analysis
Preparation of standard solution and standardization of Sodium Hydroxide, Potasssium
Permanganate
4 Assay of the following compounds
 Ferrous sulphate- by redox titration
 Calcium gluconate-by complexometric
 Sodium chloride-by Modified Volhard's method
 Ascorbic acid by iodometry
 Ibuprofen by alkalimetry
5 Fundamentals of preparative organic chemistry
Determination of Melting point and boiling point of organic compounds
6 Preparation of organic compounds
 Benzoic acid from Benzamide
 Picric acid from Phenol
7 Identification and test for purity of pharmaceutricals
Aspirin, Caffeine, Paracetamol, Sulfanilamide
8 Systematic Qualitative analysis experiments (4 substances)
Assignments
The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per students)

1. Different monographs and formularies available and their major contents

2. Significance of quality control and quality assurance in pharmaceutical industries
3. Overview on Green Chemistry
4. Various software programs available for computer aided drug discovery
5. Various instrumentations used for characterization and quantification of drug
 PHARMACOGNOSY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-13T 75 Hours

(3Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart knowledge on the medicinal uses of various drugs of
natural origin. Also, the course emphasizes the fundamental concepts in the evaluation of crude
drugs, alternative systems of medicine, nutraceuticals, and herbal cosmetics.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following aspects of drug substances derived
from natural resources.
1. Occurrence, distribution, isolation, identification tests of common phytoconstituents
2. Therapeutic activity and pharmaceutical applications of various natural drug substances
and phytoconstituents
3. Biological source, chemical constituents of selected crude drugs and their therapeutic
efficacy in common diseases and ailments
4. Basic concepts in quality control of crude drugs and various system of medicines
5. Applications of herbs in health foods and cosmetics

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Identify the important/common crude drugs of natural origin
2. Describe the uses of herbs in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals
3. Discuss the principles of alternative system of medicines
4. Describe the importance of quality control of drug of natural origin

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Definition, history, present status and scope of Pharmacognosy 2
2 Classification of drugs: 4
 Alphabetical
 Taxonomical
 Morphological
 Pharmacological
 Chemical
 Chemo-taxonomical

3 Quality control of crude drugs: 6

 Different methods of adulteration of crude drugs
 Evaluation of crude drugs
4 Brief outline of occurrence, distribution, isolation, identification tests, 6
therapeutic activity and pharmaceutical application of alkaloids,
terpenoids, glycosides, volatile oils, tannins and resins.
5 Biological source, chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of the 30
following categories of crude drugs.
Laxatives Aloe, Castor oil, Ispaghula, Senna
Cardiotonic Digitals, Arjuna
Carminatives and Coriander, Fennel, Cardamom, Ginger,
G.I. regulators Clove, Black Pepper, Asafoetida,
Nutmeg, Cinnamon
Astringents Myrobalam, Black Catechu, Pale
Catechu
Drugs acting on nervous system Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, Ephedra,
Opium, Tea leaves, Coffee seeds, coca
Anti-hypertensive Rauwolfia
Anti-tussive Vasaka, Tolu Balsam
Anti-rheumatics Colchicum seed
Anti-tumour Vinca, Podophyllum
Antidiabetics Pterocarpus, Gymnema
Diuretics Gorkhu, Punarnava
Anti-dysentric Ipecacuanha
Antiseptics and disinfectants Benzoin, Myrrh, Neem, Turmeric
Antimalarials Cinchona, Artemisia
Oxytocic Ergot
Vitamins Cod liver oil, Shark liver oil
Enzymes Papaya, Diastase, Pancreatin, Yeast
Pharmaceutical Aids Kaolin, Lanolin, Beewax, Acacia,
Tragacanth, Sodium alginate, Agar,
Guar gum, Gelatine
Miscellaneous Squill, Galls, Ashwagandha, Tulsi,
Guggul
6 Plant fibres used as surgical dressings: Cotton, Silk , wool and 3
regenerated fibres
Sutures – Surgical Catgut and Ligatures
7  Basic Principles involved in the traditional systems of medicine 8
like: Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy

 Method of preparation of Ayurvedic formulations like: Arista,

Asava, Gutika, Taila, Churna, Lehya and Bhasma
 8 Role of medicinal and aromatic plants in national economy and their 2
export potential
9 Herbs as health food: 4
Brief introduction and therapeutic application of: Nutraceuticals,
Antioxidants, Pro-biotics, Pre-biotics, Dietary fibres, Omega-3-fatty acids,
Spirulina, Carotenoids, Soya and Garlic
10 Introduction to herbal formulations 4
11 Herbal cosmetics: 4
Sources, chemical constituents, commercial prepartations, therapeutic and
cosmetic uses of: Aloe vera gel, Almond oil, Lavender oil, Oliive oil,
Rosemary oil, Sandal Wood oil
12 Phytochemical investigation of drugs 2

PHARMACOGNOSY – PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-13P 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: This course is designed to train students in physical identification, morphological
characterization, physical and chemical characterization and evaluation of commonly used herbal
drugs.

Course Objectives: This will provide hands-on experiences to the students in

1. Identification of the crude drugs based on their morphological characteristics
2. Various characteristic anatomical characteristics of the herbal drugs studied through
transverse section
3. Physical and chemical tests to evaluate the crude drugs

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Identify the given crude drugs based on the morphological characteristics
2. Take a transverse section of the crude drugs
3. Describe the anatomical characteristics of the given crude drug under mocroscopical
conditions
4. Carry out the physical and chemical tests to evaluate the given crude drugs
Practicals

1. Morphological Identification of the following drugs:

Ispaghula, Senna, Coriander, Fennel, Cardamom, Ginger, Nutmeg, Black Pepper, Cinnamon,
Clove, Ephedra, Rauwolfia, Gokhru, Puunarnava, Cinchona, Agar.

2. Gross anatomical studies (Transverse Section) of the following:

Ajwain, Datura, Cinnamon, Cinchona, Ashwagandha, Liquorice, Clove, Curcuma, Nux vomica,
Vasaka

3. Physical and chemical tests for evaluation of any FIVE of the following drugs:
Asafoetida, Benzoin, pale catechu, Black catechu, Castor oil, Acacia, Tragacanth, Agar, Guar
gum, Gelatine.

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)
1. Market preparations of various dosage forms of Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathic
(Classical and Proprietary), indications, and their labelling requirements
2. Market preparations of various herbal formulations and herbal cosmetics, indications and
their labeling requirements
3. Herb-Drug interactions documented in the literature and their clinical significances

Field Visit

The students shall be taken in groups to a medicinal garden to witness and understand the nature
of various medicinal plants discussed in theory and practical courses. Additionally, they shall be
taken in groups to the pharmacies of traditional systems of medicines to understand the
availability of various dosage forms and their labeling requirements. Individual reports from each
student on their learning experience from the field visit shall be submitted.
 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSILOGY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-14T 75 Hours (3Hours/week)

Scope: This is designed to impart basic knowledge on the structure and functions of the human
body. It helps in understanding both homeostasis mechanisms and homeostatic imbalances of
various systems of the human body.

Course Objective: This course will discuss the following:

1. Structure and functions of the various organ systems and organs of the human body
2. Homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances in the human body
3. Various vital physiology parameters of the human body and their significances

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Describe the various organ systems of human body
2. Discuss the anatomical features of the important human organs and tissues
3. Explain the homeostatic mechanisms regulating the normal physiology in the human
system
4. Discuss the significance of various vital physiology parameters of the human body

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Scope of Anatomy and Physiology 2
Definition of various terminologies
2 Structure of Cell: Components and its functions 2
3 Tissues of the human body: Epithelial, Connective, Muscular 4
and Nervous tissues – their sub-types and characteristics.
4 Osseous system: structure and functions of bones of axial and 3
appendicular skeleton
Classification, types and movements of joints, disorders of joints 3
5 Haemopoietic system 8
 Composition and functions of blood
 Process of Hemopoiesis
 Characteristics and function of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
 Mechanism of Blood Clotting
 Importance of Blood groups
6 Lymphatic system 3
 Lymph and lymphatic system, composition, function and its
formation.
 Structure and functions of spleen and lymph node.
7 Cardiovascular system 8
 Anatomy and Physiology heart
 Blood vessels and circulation (Pulmonary, coronary and
systematic circulation)
 Cardiac cycle and Heart sounds, Basics of ECG
 Blood pressure and its regulation
8 Respiratory system 4
 Anatomy of respiratory organs and their functions.
 Regulation, and Mechanism of respiration.
 Respiratory volumes and capacities – definitions
9 Digestive system 8
 Anatomy and Physiology of GIT
 Anatomy and functions of accessory glands
 Physiology of digestion and absorption
10 Skeletal muscles 2
 Histology
 Physiology of muscle contraction
 Disorder of skeletal muscles
11 Nervous system 8
 Classification of nervous system
 Anatomy and physiology of cerebrum, cerebellum, mid brain
 Function of hypothalamus, medulla oblongata and basal
ganglia
 Spinal cord-structure and reflexes
 Name and functions of cranial nerves.
 Anatomy and physiology of sympathetic and parasympathetic
nervous system (ANS)
12 Sense organs – Anatomy and physiology of 6
 Eye
 Ear
 Skin
 Tongue
 Nose
13 Urinary system 4
 Anatomy and physiology of urinary system
 Physiology of urine formation
 Renin – angiotensin system
 Clearance tests and micturition
 14 Endocrine system (Hormones and their functions) 6
 Pituitary gland
 Adrenal gland
 Thyroid and parathyroid gland
 Pancreas and gonads
15 Reproductive system 4
 Anatomy of male and female reproductive system
 Physiology of menstruation
 Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
 Pregnancy and parturition

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-14P 75 Hours (3Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to train the students and instill the skills for carrying out basic
physiological monitoring of various systems and functions.

Course Objectives: This course will provide hands-on experience in the following:
1. General blood collection techniques and carrying out various haematological assessments
and interpreting the results
2. Recording and monitoring the vital oh physiological parameters in human subjects and
the basic interpretations of the results
3. Microscopic examinations of the various tissues permanently mounted in glass slides
4. Discuss the anatomical and physiological characteristics of various organ systems of the
body using models, charts and other teaching aids

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Perform the haematological tests in human subjects and interpret the results
2. Record, monitor and document the vital physiological parameters of human subjects and
interpret the results
3. Describe the anatomical features of the important human tissues under the microscopical
conditions
4. Discuss the significance of various anatomical and physiological characteristics of the
human body
 Practicals

1. Study of compound microscope

2. General techniques for the collection of blood
3. Microscopic examination of Epithelial tissue, Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle, Skeletal
muscle, Connective tissue and Nervous tissue of ready/prepared slides.
4. Study of Human Skeleton-Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
5. Determination of
a. Blood group
b. ESR
c. Haemoglobin content of blood
d. Bleeding time and Clotting time
6. Determination of WBC count of blood
7. Determination of RBC count of blood
8. Determination of Differential count of blood
9. Recording of Blood Pressure in various postures, different arms, before and after exertion and
interpreting the results
10. Recording of Body temperature (using mercury, digital and IR thermometers at various
locations), Pulse rate/Heart rate (at various locations in the body, before and after exertion),
Respiratory Rate
11. Recording Pulse Oxygen (before and after exertion)
12. Recording force of air expelled using Peak Flow Meter
13. Measurement of height, weight, and BMI
14. Study of various systems and organs with the help of chart, models and specimens
a. Cardiovascular system
b. Respiratory system
c. Digestive system
d. Urinary system
e. Endocrine system
f. Reproductive system
g. Nervous system
h. Eye
i. Ear
j. Skin
 SOCIAL PHARMACY-THEORY
Course Code: ER20-15T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: This course is designed to impart basic knowledge on public health, epidemiology,
preventive care and other social health related concepts. Also, to emphasize the roles of
pharmacists in the public health programs.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss about basic concepts of

1. Public health and national health programs

2. Preventive healthcare\
3. Food and nutrition related health issues
4. Health education and health promotion
5. General roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in public health

Course outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Discuss about roles of pharmacists in the various national health programs

2. Describe various sources of health hazards and disease preventive measures
3. Discuss the healthcare issues associated with food and nutritional substances
4. Describe the general roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in public health

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to Social Pharmacy 9
 Definition and Scope. Social Pharmacy as a discipline and its scope
in improving the public health. Role of Pharmacists in Public
Health. (2)
 Concept of Health –WHO Definition, various Dimensions,
Determinants, and health indicators. (3)
 National Health Policy- Indian perspective (1)
 Public and Private Health System in India, National Health
Mission(2)
 Introduction to Millennium Development Goals, Sustainable
Development Goals, FIP Development Goals (1)
2 Preventive healthcare – Role of Pharmacists in the following 18
 Demography and Family Planning (3)
 Mother and child health, importance of breastfeeding, ill effects of
infant milk substitutes and bottle feeding (2)
 Overview of Vaccines, types of immunity and immunization (4)
  Effect of Environment on Health – Water pollution, importance of
safe drinking water, waterborne diseases, air pollution, noise
pollution, sewage and solid waste disposal, occupational illnesses,
Environmental pollution due to pharmaceuticals (7)
 Psychosocial Pharmacy: Drugs of misuse and abuse –
psychotropic's, narcotics, alcohol, tobacco products. Social Impact
of these habits on social health and productivity and suicidal
behaviours (2)

3 Nutrition and Health 10

 Basics of nutrition – Macronutrients and Micronutrients (3)
 Importance of water and fibres in diet (1)
 Balanced diet, Malnutrition, Nutrition deficiency diseases, ill effects
of junk foods, calorific and nutritive values of various foods,
fortification of food (3)
 Introduction to food safety, adulteration of foods, effects of
artificial ripening, use of pesticides, genetically modified foods (1)
 Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, food supplements –
indications, benefits, Drug-Food Interactions (2)

4 Introduction to Microbiology and common microorganisms (3) 28

Epidemiology: Introduction to epidemiology, and its applications.

Understanding of terms such as epidemic, pandemic, endemic, mode of
transmission, outbreak, quarantine, isolation, incubation period, contact
tracing, morbidity, mortality, (2)

Causative agents, epidemiology and clinical presentations and Role of

Pharmacists in educating the public in prevention of the following
communicable diseases:
 Respiratory infections – chickenpox, measles, rubella, mumps,
influenza (including Avian-Flu, H1N1, SARS, MERS, COVID-19),
diphtheria, whooping cough, meningococcal meningitis, acute
respiratory infections, tuberculosis, Ebola (7)
 Intestinal infections – poliomyelitis, viral hepatitis, cholera, acute
diarrheal diseases, typhoid, amebiasis, worm infestations, food
poisoning (7)
  Arthoropod-borne infections – dengue, malaria, filariasis and,
chikungunya (4)
 Surface infections – trachoma, tetanus, leprosy (2)
 STDs, HIV/AIDS (3)
5 Introduction to health systems and all ongoing National Health programs in 8
India, their objectives, functioning, outcome, and the role of pharmacists.
6 Pharmacoeconomics – Introduction, basic terminologies, importance of 2
pharmacoeconomics

SOCIAL PHARMACY – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-15P 75 Hours (3 Hours/Week)

Scope: This course is designed to provide simulated experience in various public health and
social pharmacy activities.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students on various roles of pharmacists in
public health and social pharmacy activities in the following areas:

1. National immunization programs

2. Reproductive and child health programs
3. Food and nutrition related health programs
4. Health education and promotion
5. General roles and responsibilities of the pharmacists in public health
6. First Aids for various emergency conditions including basic life support and
cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Describe the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists in various National health programs
2. Design promotional materials for public health awareness
3. Describe various health hazards including microbial sources
4. Advice on preventive measures for various diseases
5. Provide first aid for various emergency conditions

Note: Demonstration / Hands-on experience / preparation of charts / models / promotional

materials / any other innovative activities to understand to concept of various elements of social
pharmacy listed here. (At least one activity to be carried out for each one of the following):
Practicals

1. National immunization schedule for children, adult Vaccine schedule, Vaccines which are
not included in the National Immunization Program.
2. RCH – reproductive and child health – nutritional aspects, relevant national health
programmes.
3. Family planning devices
4. Microscopical observation of different microbes (readymade slides)
5. Oral health and Hygiene.
6. Personal hygiene and etiquettes – hand washing techniques, Cough and sneeze etiquettes.
7. Various types of masks, PPE gear, wearing/using them, and disposal.
8. Menstrual hygiene, products used
9. Firs Aid – Theory, basics, demonstration, hands on training, audio-visuals, and practice,
BSL (basic Life Support) Systems [SCA – Sudden Cardiac Arrest, FBAO – Foreign Body
Airway Obstruction, CPR, Defibrillation (using AED) Includes CPR techniques, First
Responder).
10. Emergency treatment for all medical emergency cases viz. snake bite, dog bite,
insecticide poisoning, fractures, burns, epilepsy etc.
11. Role of Pharmacist in Disaster Management.
12. Marketed preparations of disinfectants, antiseptics, fumigating agents, antilarval agents,
mosquito repellents, etc.
13. Health Communication: Audio/Video podcasts, Images, Power Point Slides, Short Films,
etc. in regional language(s) for mass communication /education/Awareness on 5 different
communicable diseases, their signs and symptoms, and prevention.
14. Water purification techniques, use of water testing kit, calculation of Content/percentage
of KMnO4, bleaching powder to be used for wells/tanks
15. Counselling children on junk foods, balanced diets – using Information. Education and
Communication (IEC), counselling, etc. (Simulation Experiments).
16. Preparation of various charts on nutrition, sources of various nutrients from Locally
available foods, calculation of caloric needs of different froups (e.g. child, mother,
sedentary lifestyle, etc.). Chart of glycemic index of foods.
17. Tobacco cessation, counselling, indentifying various tobacco containing products through
charts/pictures
Assignment
The students shall be asked to submit the written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)

1. An overview of Women's health Issues

2. Study the labels of various packed foods to understand their nutritional contents
3. Breastfeeding counselling, guidance – using Information, Education and Communication
(IEC)
4. Information about the organizations working on de-addiction services in the region
(city/district, etc.)
5. Role of a pharmacist in disaster management – A case study
6. Overview on the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP)
7. Drug disposal systems in the country, at industry level and citizen level
8. Various Prebiotics of Probiotics (dietary and market products)
9. Emergency preparedness: Study of local Government structure with respect to Fire, Police
departments, health department
10. Prepare poster/presentation for general public on any one of the Health Days. E.g. Day,
AIDS Day, Hand washing Day,_ ORS day, World Diabetes Day, World Heart Day, etc.
11. List of home medicines, their storage, safe handling and disposal of unused medicines
12. Responsible Use of Medicines: From Purchase to Disposal
13. Collection of newspaper clips (minimum 5) relevant to any one topic and its submission in
an organized form with collective summary based on the news items
14. Read a minimum of one article relevant to any theory topic, from Pharma/Science/or other
Periodicals and prepare summary of it for submission
15. Potential roles of pharmacists in rural India

Field Visits
The students shall be taken in groups to visit any THREE of the following facilities to witness and
understand the activities of such centres/facilities form the perspectives of the topic discussed in
theory and/or practical courses. Individual reports from each student on their learning experience
from the field visits shall be submitted.

1. Garbage Treatment Plant

2. Sewage Treatment Plant
3. Bio-medical Waste Treatment Plant
4. Effluent Treatment Plant
5. Water purification plant
6. Orphanage/Elderly-Care-Home/School and or Hostel/Home for persons with disabilities
7. Primary health care centre
 8. ER-2020 D.Pharm Syllabus-Part II
S. Course Name of the Total Total Theory/ Tutorial
No. Code Course Theory/ Tutorial Practical Hours
Practical House Hours per
Hours per Week Week
1. ER20-21T Pharmacology- 75 25 3 1
Theory
2. ER20-21P Pharmacology- 50 - 2 -
Practical
3. ER20-22T Community Pharmacy 75 25 3 1
& Management -
Theory
4. ER20-22P Community Pharmacy 75 - 3 -
& Management -
Practical
5. ER20-23T Biochemistry & 75 25 3 1
Clinical Pathology –
Theory
6. ER20-23P Biochemistry & 50 - 2 -
Clinical Pathology –
Practical
7. ER20-24T Pharmacotherapeutics 75 25 3 1
-Theory
8. ER20-24P Pharmacotherapeutics 25 - 1 -
- Practical
9. ER20-25T Hospital & Clinical 75 25 3 1
Pharmacy - Theory
10. ER20-25P Hospital & Clinical 25 - 1 -
Pharmacy - Practical
11. ER20-26T Pharmacy Law & 75 25 3 1
Ethics
 PHARMACOLOGY-THEORY
Course Code: ER20-21T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: This course provides basic knowledge about different classes of drugs available for the
pharmacotherapy of common diseases. The indications for use, dosage regimen, routes of
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and contraindications of the drugs
discussed in this course are vital for successful professional practice.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following:

1. General concepts of pharmacology including Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics,

routes of administration, etc.
2. Pharmacological classification and indications of drugs
3. Dosage regimen, mechanisms of action, contraindications of drugs
4. Common adverse effects of drugs

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will able to

1. Describe the basic concepts of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

2. Enlist the various classes and drugs of choices for any given disease condition
3. Advice the dosage regimen, route of administration and contraindications for a given drug
4. Describe the common adverse drug reactions

Chapter Topic Hours

1 General Pharmacology 10

 Introduction and scope of Pharmacology

 Various routes of drug administration – advantages and
disadvantages
 Drug absorption – definition, types, factors affecting drug
absorption
 Bioavailability and the factors affecting bioavailability
 Drug distribution – definition, factors affecting drug distribution
 Biotransformation of drugs–Definition, types of biotransformation
reactions, factors influencing drug metabolisms
 Excretion of drugs – Definition, routes of drug excretion
 General mechanisms of drug action and factors modifying drug
action
2 Drugs Acting on the Peripheral nervous System 11

 Steps involved in neurohumoral transmission

 Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose,
indications, and contraindications of
a) Cholinergic drugs
b) Anti-Cholinergic drugs
c) Adrenergic drugs
d) Anti-adrenergic drugs
e) Neuromuscular blocking agents
f) Drugs used in Myasthenia gravis
g) Local anaesthetic agents
h) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
3 Drugs Acting on the Eye 2

Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indication and

contraindications of
 Mlotics
 Mydriatics
 Drugs used in Glaucoma
4 Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System 8
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indication, and
contraindications of
 General anaesthetics
 Hypnotics and sedatives
 Anti-Convulsant drugs
 Anti-anxiety drugs
 Anti-depressant drugs
 Anti-psychotics
 Nootropic agents
 Centrally acting muscle relaxants
 Opioid analgesics
5 Drugs Acting on the Cardiovascular System 6
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indications and
contraindications of
 Anti-hypertensive drugs
 Anti-anginal drugs
 Anti-arrhythmic drugs
 Drugs used in atherosclerosis and
 Congestive heart failure
 Drug therapy for shock
6 Drugs Acting on Blood and Blood Forming Organs 4

Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indications and

contraindications of
 Hematinic agents
 Anti-coagulants
 Anti-platelet agents
 Thrombolytic drugs
7 Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indications and 2
contraindications of
 Bronchodilators
 Expectorants
 Anti-tussive agents
 Mucolytic agents
8 Drugs Acting on the Gastro Intestinal Tract 5
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose, indications and
contraindications of
 Anti-ulcer drugs
 Anti-emetics
 Laxatives and purgatives
 Anti-diarrheal drugs
9 Drugs Acting on the Kidney 2
Definition, Classification, pharmacological actions, does, indications, and
contraindications of
 Diuretics
 Anti-Diuretics
10 Hormones and Hormone Antagonists 8
Physiological and pathological role and clinical uses of
 Thyroid hormones
 Anti-Thyroid drugs
 Parathormone
 Calcitonin
 Vitamin D
 Insulin
 Oral hypoglycaemic agents
 Estrogen
 Progesterone
 Oxytocin
 Corticosteroids
11 Autocoids 3
 Physiological role of Histamine, 5 HT and Prostaglandins
 Classification, clinical uses and adverse effects of antihistamines
and 5 HT antagonists

12 Chemotherapeutic Agents: Introduction, basic principles of 12

chemotherapy of infections, infestations and neoplastic diseases,
Classification, dose, indication and contraindications of drugs belonging
to following classes:
 Penicillins
 Cephalosporins
 Aminoglycosides
 Fluoroquinolones
 Macrolides
 Tetracyclines
 Sulphonamides
 Anti-tubercular drugs
 Anti-fungal drugs
 Anti-viral drug
 Anti-amoebic agents
 Anthelmintics
 Anti-malarial agents
 Anti-neoplastic agents

13 Biologicals 2
Definition, types and indications of biological agents with examples

PHARMACOLOGY-PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-21P 50 Hours (2 Hours/week)

Scope: This course provides the basic understanding about the uses, mechanism of actions, dose
dependent responses of drugs in simulated virtual animal models and experimental conditions.

Course Objectives: This course will demonstrate / provide hand-on experience in the virtual
platform using appropriate software on the following

1. Study of pharmacological effects of drugs like local anaesthetics, mydriatic and mitotic
on rabbit eye
2. Screening the effects of various drugs acting the central nervous system
3. Study of drug effects of isolated organs/tissues
4. Study of pyrogen testing on rabbit
Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to
1. Study and report the local anaesthetic, mydriatic and mitotic effects of the given drug on
the rabbit eye
2. Choose appropriate animal experiment model to study the effects of the given drugs
acting on the central nervous system and submit the report
3. Perform the effects of given tissues (simulated) on isolated organs /tissues and interpret
the results
4. Interpret the dose dependent responses of drugs in various animal experiment models

Practicals
Introduction to the following topics pertaining to the experimental pharmacology have to
be discussed and documented in the practical manuals

1. Introduction to experimental pharmacology

2. Study of laboratory animals
(a) Mice; (b) Rats; (c) Guinea pigs; (d) Rabbits
3. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology
4. Different routes of administration of drugs in animals
5. Types of pre-clinical experiments: In-Vivo, In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo, etc.
6. Techniques of blood collection from animals

Experiments

Note: Animals shall not be used for doing/ demonstrating any of the experiments given. The
given experiments shall be carried-out/demonstrated as the case may be, ONLY with the use of
software program(s) such as Ex Pharm' of any other suitable software

1. Study of local anaesthetics on rabbit eye

2. Study of Mydriatic effect on rabbit eye
3. Study of Miotic effect on rabbit eye
4. Effect of analgesics using Analgesiometer
5. Study of analgesics activity by writhing test
6. Screening of anti-convulsant using Electro Convulsiometer
7. Screening of Muscle relaxants using Rota-Rod apparatus
8. Screening of CNS stimulants and depressants using Actophotometer
9. Study of anxiolytic activity using elevated plus maze method
10. Study of effect of drugs (any 2) on isolated heart
11. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility on frog's buccal cavity
12. Pyrogen testing by rabbit method
Assignments
The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per student)

1. Introduction to allergy Testing

2. Introduction to Toxicity Studies
3. Drug Facts Labels of US FDA
4. Pre-clinical studies in new drug Development
5. Medicines and meals: before of After food
6. Pre-clinical studies in new drug development
7. Drugs available as paediatric formulations
8. Drug information apps
 COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – THEORY
Course Code: ER20-22T 75 Hours (3 Hours /week)

Scope: The course is designed to impart basic knowledge and skills to provide various
pharmaceutical care services to patients and general practitioners in the community setup.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following:

1. Establishing and running a community pharmacy and its legal requirements

2. Professional aspects of handling and filling prescriptions
3. Patient counselling on diseases, prescription and or not-prescription medicines
4. Scope for performing basic health screening in community pharmacy settings

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Describe the establishment legal requirements, and effective administration of a

community pharmacy
2. Professionally handle prescriptions and dispense medications
3. Counsel patients about the disease, prescription and or not prescription medicines
4. Perform basic health screening on patients and interpret the reports in the community
pharmacy settings

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Community pharmacy practice – Definition, history and development 2
of community pharmacy – International and Indian scenarios

2 Professional responsibilities of community pharmacists 3

Introduction to the concept of Good Pharmacy Practice and SOPs.
3 Prescription and prescription handling 7
 Definition, parts of prescriptions, legality of prescriptions,
prescription handling, labelling of dispensed medications (Main
label, ancillary label, pictograms), brief instructions on medication
usage
 Dispensing process, Good Dispensing Practices, dispensing errors
and strategies to minimize them
4 Communication Skills 6
 Definition, types of communication skills
 Interactions with professionals and patients
 verbal communication skill (one-to-one, over the telephone)
 Written communication skills
 Body language
 Patient interview techniques
5 Patient counselling 10
 Definition and benefits of patients counselling
 Stages of patient counselling- Introduction, counselling contents,
counselling process and closing the counselling session
 Barriers to effective counselling- Types and strategies to
overcome the barriers
 Patient counselling points for chronic Diseases/disorders-
Hypertension, diabetes, Asthma, Tuberculosis, Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary disease and AIDS
 Patient Package Inserts- Definition, importance and benefits,
Scenarios of PPI use in India and other countries
 Patient Information Leaflets- Definition and uses
6 Medication Adherence 2
Definition, factors influencing non-adherence, strategies to overcome
non-adherence
7 Health Screening Services in Community Pharmacy 5
Introduction, scope and importance of various health screening services-
for routine monitoring of patients, early detection and referral of
undiagnosed cases
9 Over The Counter (OTC) Medications 15
 Definition, need and role of Pharmacists in OTC medication
dispensing
 OTC medications in India, counselling for OTC products
 Self-medication and role of pharmacists in promoting the safe
practices during self-medication
 Responding to symptoms, Minor ailments and advice for self-care
in conditions such as – Pain management, Cough, Cold, Diarrhea,
Constipation, Vomiting, Fever, Sore throat, Skin disorders, Oral
health (Mouth ulcers, dental pain, gum swelling)
10 Community Pharmacy Management
 Legal requirements to set up a community pharmacy
 Site selection Requirements
 Pharmacy designs and interiors
 Vendor selection and ordering
 Procurement, inventory control methods, and inventory
management
 Financial planning and management
 Accountancy in community pharmacy – Day book Cash book
 Introduction to pharmacy operation softwares- usefulness and
availability
 Customer Relation Management (CRM)
 Audits in Pharmacies
 SOP of Pharmacy Management
 Introduction to Digital health, Health and Online pharmacies

COMMUNITY PHARMACY AND MANAGEMENT – PRACTICAL

Course Code: ER20-22P 75 Hours (3 Hours /week)

Scope: The course is designed to train the students and improve professional skills to provide
various pharmaceutical care services in community pharmacy.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students in the following

1. Professional handling and filling prescriptions

2. Patient counselling on diseases and minor aliments
3. Patient counselling on prescription and /or not-prescription medicines
4. Preparation of counselling materials such as patient information leaflets
5. Performing basic health screening tests

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Handle and fill prescription in professional manner

2. Counsel patients on various diseases and minor ailments
3. Counsel patients on prescription and or non- prescription medicines
4. Design and prepare patient information leaflets
5. Perform basic health screening tests
Practicals

Note: the following practicals shall be carried out in the model community pharmacy with
appropriate simulated scenarios and materials. Students shall be trained through role plays
wherever necessary. The activities of the students shall be assessed / evaluated using a structured
objective assessment form.

1. Handling of prescriptions with professional standards, reviewing prescription, checking

for legal compliance and completeness (minimum 5)
2. Identification of drug-drug interactions in the prescription and follow-up actions
(minimum 2)
3. Preparation of dispensing labels and auxiliary labels for the prescribed medications
(minimum 5)
4. Providing the following health screening services for monitoring patients/ detecting new
patients (one experiments for each activity)
Blood Pressure Recording, Capillary Blood Glucose Monitoring, Lung function
assessment using Peak Flow Meter and incentive spirometer, recording capillary
oxygen level using Pulse Oximeter, BMI measurement
5. Providing counselling to simulated patients for the following chronic diseases/ disorders
including education on the use of devices such as insulin pen, inhalers, spacers,
nebulizers, etc. Where appropriate (one experiment for each disease)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Primary Hypertension, Asthma, Hyperlipidaemia,
Rheumatoid Arthritis
6. Providing counselling to simulated patients for the following minor ailments (any three)
Headache, GI disturbances (Nausea, Vomiting, Dyspepsia, Diarrhoea,
constipation), Worm infestations, Pyrexia, Upper Respiratory Tract infections,
Skin infections, Oral and dental disorders.
7. Appropriate handling of dummy dosage forms with correct administration techniques –
oral liquids with measuring cup/cap/dropper, Eye Drops, Inhalers, Nasal drops, Insulin
pen, nebulizers, different types of tablets, patches, enemas, suppositories
8. Use of Community Pharmacy Software and digital health tools

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e. a minimum of THREE assignments per student)

1. SOPs for various activities in Community Pharmacy (as discussed in theory and practical)
2. List out the various abbreviations, short forms used in prescriptions and their
interpretation
3. Patient information leaflet for a given chronic disease / disorder
4. Patient Information Leaflet for prescription / non-prescription medicines
5. Preparation of window / shelf display materials for the model community pharmacy
6. Overview of software available for retail pharmacy management including billing,
inventory, etc.
7. Dosage / Medication Reminder Aids
8. Overview on the operations and marketing strategies of various online pharmacies
9. Overview on the common fixed dose combinations
10. Overview on the medications requiring special storage conditions
11. Role of Community Pharmacists in prevention Antimicrobial Resistance
12. Jan Aushadhi and other Generic Medicine initiatives in India
13. Global Overview of Online Pharmacies
14. Community Pharmacy Practice Standards: Global Vs Indian Scenario
15. Overview of pharmacy associations in India

Field visit

The students shall be taken in groups to visit community pharmacies and medicine distributors to
understand and witness the professional activities of the community pharmacists, and supply
chain logistics. Individual reports from each student on their learning experience from the field
visit shall be submitted.
BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY – THEORY

Course Code: ER20-23T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)

Scope: The Course is designed to impart basic knowledge on the study of structure and functions
of biomolecules and the chemical processes associated with living cells in normal and abnormal
states. The course also emphasizes on the clinical pathology of blood and urine.

Course Objectives: The course will discuss the following at the fundamental level

1. Structure and functions of biomolecules

2. Catalytic activity, diagnostic and therapeutic importance of enzymes
3. Metabolic pathways of biomolecules in health and illness (metabolic disorders)
4. Biochemical principles of organ function tests and their clinical significance
5. Qualitative and quantitative determination of biomolecules / metabolites in the
biological sample
6. Clinical pathology of blood and urine

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to

1. Describe the functions of biomolecules

2. Discuss the various functions of enzymes in the human system
3. Explain the metabolic pathways of biomolecules in both physioiogical and
pathological conditions
4. Describe the principles of organ function tests and their clinical significances
5. Determine the biomolecules / metabolites in the given biological samples, both
qualitatively and quantitatively
6. Describe the clinical pathology of blood and urine

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Introduction to Biochemistry: Scope of biochemistry in pharmacy; 2
Cell and its biochemical organization.
2 Carbohydrates 5
 Definition, classification with examples, chemical properties
 Monosaccharides – Structure of glucose, fructose, and galactose
 Disaccharides – structure of maltose, lactose, and sucrose
 Polysaccharides – chemical nature of starch and glycogen
 Qualitative tests and biological role of carbohydrates
3 Proteins 5
 Definition, classification of proteins based on composition and
solubility with examples
 Definition, classification of amino acids based on chemical
nature and nutritional requirements with examples
 Structure of proteins (four levels of organization of protein
structure)
 Qualitative tests and biological role of proteins and amino acids
 Diseases related to malnutrition of proteins.
4 Lipids 5
 Definition, classification with examples
 Structure and properties of triglycerides (oils and fats)
 Fatty acid classification – Based on chemical and nutritional
requirements with examples
 Structure and functions of cholesterol in the body
 Lipoproteins – types, composition and functions in the body
 Qualitative tests and functions of lipids
5 Nucleic acids 4
 Definition, purine and pyrimidine bases
 Components of nucleosides and nucleotides with examples
 Structure of DNA (Watson and Crick model), RNA and their
functions
6 Enzymes 5
 Definition, properties and IUB and MB classification
 Factors affecting enzyme activity
 Mechanism of action of enzymes, Enzyme inhibitors
 Therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance of enzymes
7 Vitamins 6
 Definition and classification with examples
 Sources, chemical nature, functions, coenzyme form,
recommended dietary requirements, deficiency diseases of fat-
and water-soluble vitamins
8 Metabolism (Study of cycle/pathways without chemical structures) 20
 Metabolism of carbohydrates: Glycolysis, TCA cycle and
 glycogen metabolism, regulation of blood glucose level,
Diseases related to abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates
 Metabolism of lipids: Lipolysis, β-oxidation of Fatty acid (Palmitic
acid) ketogenesis and ketolysis. Diseases related to abnormal
metabolism of lipids such as Ketoacidosis, Fatty liver,
Hypercholesterolemia
 Metabolism of Amino acids (Proteins): General reactions of amino
acids and its significance-Transamination, deamination, Urea cycle
and decarboxylation, Diseases related to abnormal metabolism of
amino acids, Disorders of ammonia metabolism, phenylketonuria,
alkaptonuria and Jaundice.
 Biological oxidation: Electron transport chain and Oxidative
phosphorylation
9 Minerals: Types, Functions, Deficiency diseases, recommended dietary 05
requirements
Water and Electrolytes 05
 Distribution, functions of water in the body
 Water turnover and balance
10
 Electrolyte composition of the body fluids, Dietary intake of
electrolyte and Electrolyte balance
 Dehydration, causes of dehydration and oral rehydration therapy
11 Introduction to Biotechnology 01
12 Organ function tests 06
 Functions of kidney and routinely performed tests to assess
the functions of kidney and their clinical significances
 Functions of liver and routinely performed tests to assess the
functions of liver and their clinical significances
13 Introduction to Pathology of Blood and Urine 06
 Lymphocytes and platelets, their role in health and disease
 Erythrocytes – Abnormal cells and their significance
 Normal and Abnormal constituents of Urine and their
significance
 BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY – PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-23P 50 Hours (2 Hours/week)
Scope: The course is designed to train the students in the qualitative testing of various
biomolecules and testing of biological samples for determination of normal and abnormal
constituents

Course Objectives: This course will train and provide hands-on experiences on the following

1. Qualitative determination of biomolecules / metabolites in simulated biological

samples
2. Determination of normal and abnormal constituents of simulated blood and urine
samples

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Qualitatively determine the biomolecules / metabolites in the given biological samples

2. Determine the normal and abnormal constituents in blood and urine samples and
interpret the results of such testing

Practicals

1. Qualitative analysis of carbohydrates (4 experiments)

2. Qualitative analysis of Proteins and amino acids (4 experiments)
3. Qualitative analysis of lipids (2 Experiments)
4. Qualitative analysis urine for normal and abnormal constituents (4 experiment)
5. Determination of constituents of urine (glucose, creatinine, chlorides) (2
Experiments)
6. Determination of constituents of blood/serum (simulated) Creatine, glucose,
cholesterol, calcium, Urea, (SGOT?DHPT) (5 experiments)
7. Study the hydrolysis of starch from acid and salivary amylase enzyme (1
experiments)

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on Various Pathology Lab Reports
(One assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per
student)
 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - THEORY
Course Code: ER20-24T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: The course is designed to impart basic knowledge on etiopathogenesis of common
diseases and their management along with quality use of medicines.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss about

1. Etiopathogenesis of selected common diseases and evidence-based medicine therapy

2. Importance of individualized therapeutic plans based on diagnosis
3. Basic methods for assessing the clinical outcomes of drug therapy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Help assessing the subjective and objective parameters of patients in common disease
conditions
2. Assist other healthcare providers to analyse drug related problems and provide
therapeutic interventions
3. Participate in planning the rational medicine therapy for common diseases
4. Design and deliver discharge counseling for patients

Chapter Topic Hours

1 Pharmacotherapeutics – introduction, scope, and objectives. Rational 8
use of Medicines, Evidence Based Medicine, Essential Medicines
List, Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs)
2 Definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, non-pharmacological
management of the diseases associated with

(a) Cardiovascular System 8

 Hypertension
 Angina and Myocardial infarction
 Hyperlipidaemia
 Congestive Heart Failure
(b) Respiratory System 4
 Asthema
 COPD
(c) Endocrine System 5
 Diabetes
Thyroid disorders – Hypo and Hyperthyroidism
(d) Cardiovascular System 8
 Epilepsy
 Parkinson’s disease
  Alzheimer’s disease
 Stroke
 Migraine
(e) Gastro Intestinal Disorders 8
 Gastro oesophageal reflux disease
 Peptic Ulcer Disease
 Alcoholic liver disease
 Inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s Disease and
Ulcerative Colitis)
(f) Haematological disorders 4
 Iron deficiency anaemia
 Megaloblastic anaemia
(g) Infectious diseases 12
 Tuberculosis
 Pneumonia
 Urinary tract infections
 Hepatitis
 Gonorrhoea and Syphilis
 Malaria
 HIV and Opportunistic infections
 Viral Infections (SARS, CoV2)
(h) Musculoskeletal disorders 3
 Rheumatoid arthritis
 Osteoarthritis
(i) Dermatology 3
 Psoriasis
 Scabies
 Eczema
(j) Psychiatric Disorders 4
 Depression
 Anxiety
 Psychosis
(k) Ophthalmology 2
 Conjunctivits (bacterial and viral)
 Glaucoma
(l) Anti-microbial Resistance 2
(m) Women’s Health 4
 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
 Dysmenorrhea
 Premenstrual Syndrome
 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-24P 25 Hours (1 Hours/week)
Scope: This course is designed to train the students in the basic skills required to support the
pharmaceutical care services for selected common disease conditions.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students on

1. How to prepare a SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan) note for
clinical cases of selected common diseases
2. Patient counseling techniques/methods for common disease conditions

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Write SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan) note for clinical cases of
selected common diseases
2. Counsel the patients about the disease conditions, uses of drugs, methods of handing
and administration of drugs, life-style modifications, and monitoring parameters.

Practicals

I. Preparation and discussion of SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan) notes for at
least SIX clinical cases (real / hypothetical) of the following disease conditions.

1. Hypertension
2. Angina Pectoris
3. Myocardial Infarction
4. Hyperlipidaemia
5. Rheumatoid arthritis
6. Asthma
7. COPD
8. Diabetes
9. Epilepsy
10. Stroke
11. Depression
12. Tuberculosis
13. Anaemia (any one type as covered in theory)
14. Viral infection (any one type as covered in theory)
15. Dermatological conditions (any one condition as covered in theory)
II. Patient counseling exercises using role plays based on the real / hypothetical clinical case
scenarios. The students are expected to provide counselling on disease condition, medications,
life-style modifications, monitoring parameters, etc. and the same shall be documented.
(Minimum 5 cases)

III. Simulated cases to enable dose calculation of selected drugs in paediatrics, and geriatrics
under various pathological conditions. (Minimum 4 cases)
 PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS - THEORY
Course Code: ER20-25T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: This course is designed impart fundamental knowledge and professional skills required
for facilitating various hospital and clinical pharmacy services.

Course Objectives: This course will discuss and train the students in the following

1. Hospital and hospital Pharmacy organization and set-ups

2. Basics of hospital pharmacy services including the procurement, supply chain, storage
of medicines and medical supplies
3. Basics of clinical pharmacy including introduction to comprehensive pharmaceutical
care services
4. Basic interpretations of common laboratory results used in clinical diagnosis towards
optimizing the drug therapy

Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Explain about the basic concepts of hospital pharmacy administration

2. Manage the supply chain and distribution of medicines within the hospital settings
3. Assist the other healthcare providers in monitoring drug therapy and address drug
related problems
4. Interpret common lab investigation reports for optimizing drug therap

Sr. No Topic Hours

1 Hospital Pharmacy 6
 Definition, scope, national and international scenario
 Organisational structure
 Professional responsibilities, Qualification and experience
requirements, job specification, work-load requirements and
inter professional relationships
 Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in hospital
 Hospital Pharmacy Standards (FIP Basel Statements, AHSP)
 Introduction to NAQS guidelines and NABH Accreditation
and Role of Pharmacists
2 Different Committees in the Hospital 4
 Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee – Objectives,
Composition, and functions
 Hospital Formulary – Definition, procedure for development
and use of hospital formulary
  Infection Control Committee – Role of Pharmacist in
preventing Antimicrobial Resistance
3 Supply Chain and Inventory Control 14
 Preparation of Drug lists – High Risk drugs, Emergency
drugs, Schedule H1 drugs, NDPS drugs, reserved antibiotics
 Procedures of Drug Purchases – Drug selection, short term,
long term, and tender/e-tender process, quotations, etc.
 Inventory control techniques: Economic Order Quantity,
Reorder Quantity Level, Inventory Turnover etc.
 Inventory Management of Central Drug Store – Storage
conditions, Methods of storage, Distribution, Maintaining
Cold Chain, Devices used for cold storage (Refrigerator, ILR,
Walk-in-Cold rooms)
 FEFO, FIFO methods
 Expiry drug removal and handling disposal, Disposal of
Narcotics, cytotoxic drugs
 Documentation – purchase and inventory
4 Drug distribution 7
 Drug distribution (in- patients and out – patients) – Definition,
advantages and disadvantages of individual prescription order
method, Floor Stock Method, Unit Dose Drug Distribution
Method, Drug Basket Method.
 Distribution of drugs to ICCU/ICU/NICU/Emergency wards.
 Automated drug dispensing systems and devices
 Distribution of Narcotic and Psychotropic substances and
their storage
5 Compounding in Hospitals. Bulk compounding, IV admixture 4
services and incompatibilities, Total parenteral nutrition
6 Radio Pharmaceuticals – Storage, dispensing and disposal of 2
radiopharmaceuticals
7 Application of computers in Hospital Pharmacy Practice, Electronic 2
health records, Softwares used in hospital pharmacy
8 Clinical Pharmacy: Definition, scope, and development – in India 12
and other countries

Technical definitions, common terminologies used in clinical settings

and their significance such as Paediatrics, Geriatric, Anti-natal Care,
Post-natal Care, etc.
Daily activities of clinical pharmacists: Definition, goal, and
 procedure of
 Ward round participation
 Treatment Chart Review
 Adverse drug reaction monitoring
 Drug information and poisons information
 Medication History
 Patient counselling
 Interprofessional collaboration

Pharmaceutical care: Definition, classification of drug related

problems. Principles and procedure to provide pharmaceutical care

Medication Therapy Management, Home Medication Review

9 Clinical laboratory tests used in the evaluation of disease states – 6
significance and interpretation of test results
 Haematological, Liver function, Renal function, thyroid
function tests
 Test associated with cardiac disorders
 Fluid and electrolyte balance
 Pulmonary Function Tests

10 Poisoning: Types of Poisoning: Clinical manifestation and antidotes 6

Drugs and Poison Information Centre and their services – Definition,
Requirements, Information resources with examples, and their
advantages and disadvantages
`11 Pharmacovigilance 2
 Definition, aim and scope
 Overview of Pharmacovigilance
12 Medication errors: Definition, types, consequences, and strategies 6
to minimize medication errors, LASA drugs and Tallman lettering as
per ISMP

Drug Interactions: Definition, type clinical significance of drug

interactions.
 HOSPITAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACY - PRACTICAL
Course Code: ER20-25P 25 Hours (1 Hours/week)
Scope: This course is designed to train the students to assist other healthcare providers in the
basic services of hospital and clinical pharmacy.

Course Objectives: This course will train the students with hands-on experiences, simulated
clinical case studies in the following.

1. Methods to systematically approach and respond to drug information queries

2. How to interpret common laboratory reports to understand the need for optimizing
dosage regimens
3. How to report suspected adverse drug reactions to the concerned authorities
4. Uses and methods of handling various medical/surgical aids and devices
5. How to interpret drug-drug interactions in the treatment of common diseases.

Course Outcomes: Upon completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Professionally handle and answer the drug information queries

2. Interpret the common laboratory reports
3. Report suspected adverse drug reactions using standard procedures
4. Understand the uses and methods of handling various medical/surgical aids and
devices
5. Interpret and report the drug-drug interactions in common diseases for optimizing the
drug therapy

Note: Few of the experiments of Hospital and clinical Pharmacy practical course listed here
require adequate numbers of desktop computers with internet connectivity, adequate drug
information resources including reference books, different types of surgical dressings and other
medical devices and accessories. Various Charts, models, exhibits pertaining to the experiments
shall also be displayed in the laboratory.

Practicals

1. Systematic approach to drug information queries using primary / secondary / teritiary

resources of information (2 cases)
2. Interpretation of laboratory reports to optimize the drug therapy in a given clinical case (2
cases)
3. Filling up IPC’s ADR Reporting Form and perform causality assessments using various scales
(2 cases)
4. Demonstration / simulated / hands-on experience on the identification, types, use / application
/administration of

 Orthopaedic and Surgical Aids such as knee cap, LS belts, abdominal belt, walker,
walking sticks, etc.
  Different types of bandages such as sterile gauze, cotton, crepe bandages, etc.
 Needles, syringes, catheters, IV set, urine bag, RYLE’s tube, urine pots, colostomy bags,
oxygen masks, etc.

5. Case studies on drug-drug interaction (any2 cases)

6. Wound dressing (simulated cases and role play – minimum 2 cases)
7. Vaccination and injection techniques (IV, IM, SC) using mannequins (5 activities)
8. Use of Hospital Pharmacy Software and various digital health tools

Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e. a minimum of THREE assignments per student)

1. Typical profile of a drug to be included in the hospital formulary

2. Brief layout and various services of the Central Sterile Supplies Department (CSSD)
3. Various types of sterilizers and sterilization techniques used in hospitals
4. Fumigation and pesticide control in hospitals
5. Role of Pharmacists in Transition of Care: Discharge cards, post hospitalization care,
medicine reconciliation activities in developed countries
6. Total parenteral nutrition and IV admixtures and their compatibility issues
7. Concept of electronic health recodes
8. Invasive and Non-invasive diagnostic tests – HRCT, MRI, Sonography, 2D ECHO, X-ray,
Mammography, ECG, EMG, EEG
9. Home Diagnostic Kits – Pregnancy Test, COVID testing etc
10. Measures to be taken in hospitals to minimize Antimicrobial Resistance
11. Role and responsibilities of a pharmacist in public hospital in rural parts of the country
12. Safe waste disposal of hospital waste

Field Visit

The Students shall be taken in groups to visit a Government / private healthcare facility to
understand and witness the various hospital and clinical pharmacy services provided. Individual
reports from each student on their learning experience from the field visit shall be submitted.
 PHARMACY LAW AND ETHICS - THEORY
Course Code: ER20-26T 75 Hours (3 Hours/week)
Scope: The course is designed to impart basic knowledge on several important legislations
related to the profession of pharmacy in India

Course Objectives: This course will discuss the following

1. General perspectives, history, evolution of pharmacy law in India

2. Act and Rules regulating the profession and practice of pharmacy in India
3. Important code of ethical guidelines pertaining to various practice standards
4. Brief infroduction to the patent laws and their applications in pharmacy
Course Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course, the students will be able to

1. Describe the history and evolution of pharmacy law in India

2. Interpret the act rules regulating the profession and practice of pharmacy in India
3. Discuss the various codes of ethics related to practice standards in pharmacy
4. Interpret the fundamentals of patent laws from the perspectives of pharmacy

Chapter Topics Hou

rs
1 General principles of Law, History and various Acts related to Drugs and 2
pharmacy profession
2 Pharmacy Act-1948 and Rules: Objectives, Definitions, Pharmacy Council 5
of India: its constitution and functions, Education Regulations, State and Joint
state pharmacy councils, Registration of Pharmacists, Offences and Penalties.

Pharmacy Practice Regulations 2015

3 Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945 and New Amendments 23
Objectives, Definitions Legal definitions of schedules to the Act and Rules
Import of drugs – Classes of drugs and cosmetics prohibited from import,
Import under license or permit.
Manufacture of dugs – prohibition of manufacture and sale of certain drugs,
Conditions for grant of license and conditions of license for manufacture of
drugs, Manufacture of drugs for lest, examination and analysis, manufacture
 of new drug, loan license and repacking license.

Study of schedule C and C1, G, H, H1, K, P, M, N, and X.

Sale of Drugs – Wholesale, Retail sale and Restricted license, Records to be

kept in a pharmacy Drugs Prohibited for manufacture and sale in India

Administration of the Act and Rules – Drugs Technical Advisory Board,

Central Drugs Laboratory, Drugs Consultative Committee, Government
analysts, licensing authorities, controlling authorities, Drug Inspectors.
4 Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985 and Rules Objectives, 2
Definitions, Authorities and officers, Prohibition, Control and Regulation,
Offences and Penalties.
5 Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act 1954 2

Objectives, Definitions, Prohibition of certain advertisements, Classes of

Exempted advertisements Offences and Penalties.

6 Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act-1960: Objectives, Definitions, 2

CPCSEA – brief overview, Institutional Animal Ethics Committee Breeding

and Stocking of Animals, Performance of Experiment, Records, Power to

suspend or revoke registration, Offences and Penalties.

7 Poisons Act-1919: Introduction, objective, definition, possession, possession 2

for sales and sale of any poison, import of poisons

8 FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) Act and Rules: 2

brief overview and aspects related to manufacture, storage, sale and labeling

of Food Supplements

9 National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority: Drugs Price Control order 5

(DPCO) – 2013 Objectives. Definitions, Sale prices of bulk drugs, Retail price

of formulations, Retail price and ceiling price of scheduled formations,

pharmaceutical Policy 2002, National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM)

10 Code of Pharmaceutical Ethics: Definition, ethical principles, ethical 5

problem solving, registration, code of ethics for pharmacist in relation to his

job, trade, medical profession and his profession, pharmacist’s oath.

11 Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act and Rules – basic understanding, 2

salient features, and Amendments

12 Role of all the government pharma regulator bodies – Central Drugs Standards 1

Control Organization (CDSCO), Indian Pharmacopeia Commission (IPC)

13 Good Regulatory practices (Documentation, licenses, renewals, e governance) 3

in Community Pharmacy, Hospital pharmacy, Pharma manufacturing,

Wholesale business, inspections, import, export of drugs and medical devices

14 Introduction to BCS system of classification, Basic concepts of Clinical Trials, 7

ANDA, NDS, New Drug development, New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules,

2019, Brand v/s Generic, Trade name concept, introduction to Patent Law and

intellectual property Rights, Emergency Use Authorization

15 Blood bank – basic requirements and functions 2

16 Clinical Establishment Act and Rules – Aspects related to Pharmacy 2

17 Biomedical Waste Management Rules 2016 – Basic aspects, and aspects 2

related to pharma manufacture to disposal of pharma / medical waste at

homes, pharmacies, and hospitals

18 Bioethics – Basic concepts, history and principles, Brief overview of ICMR’s 2

National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research involving

human participants

19 Introduction to the Consumer Protection Act 1

20 Introduction t the Disaster management Act 1

21 Medical Devices – Categorization, basic aspects related to manufacture and 2

sale
Assignments

The students shall be asked to submit written assignments on the following topics (One
assignment per student per sessional period. i.e., a minimum of THREE assignments per
students)

1. Requirements for Ayurvedic, Homeopathic manufacturing, sale, and licensing requirements.

2. Layout and contents of official websites of various agencies regulating the profession of
pharmacy in India; e.g., CDSCO, SUGAM portal, PCI, etc.
3. Licenses required, application processes (online/offline), drug regulatory office website of the
respective state
4. Case studies – actions taken on violation of any act / rule related to pharmacy
5. Schedule H1 drugs and its implementation in India
6. Counterfeit/ Spurious medicines
7. Drug Testing Labs in India
8. Overview of Pharma marketing practices
9. Generic Medicines
 9. Appendices

No Appendix Documents

1. A typical format for the assessment of an Assignment

2. A typical format for the assessment of a Field Visit Report

3. List of instrument and equipment required for the conduct of D.Pharm program as per

ER-2020
 Appendix-1

A typical format for the assessment of an Assignment

Name of the College:

Name of the Student:

Academic year of the Student:
Name of the Subject:
Title of the Assignment:
Date on which the Assignment was given:
Date on which the Assignment was
submitted:
Name & Designation of the Evaluator:
Signature of the Evaluator with Date:

Directions: for evaluation, enter rating of the student utilizing the following scale:

5 – Excellent; 4 – Very Good; 3 – Good: 2 – Satisfactory; 1- Poor

Assessment Criteria Score Comments if any

a. Relevance with the content
b. Use of resource material
c. Organization & Mechanical accuracy
d. Cohesion & coherence
e. Language proficiency & Timely
submission
Total Score

Signature of the Student with Date:

Note: Subject teacher should try to cover all assignment mentioned in the list for each practical
subject by assigning the topics to the students. Students should be encouraged submit an
assignment (in a format decided by the Institute) and encouraged to present assignment (at least
any one assignment per subject) in the class.
 Appendix – 2

A typical format for the assessment of a Field Visit Report

Name of the College:

Name of the Student

Academic year of the Student:
Name of the Subject:
Name & full address of the organization
visited:
Date and Duration of Visit:
Name & Designation of the Evaluator:
Signature of the Evaluator with Date:

Objective set for the field visit: (give 2 -4 objectives one by one)
Prior preparation of the student for the field visit: (Minimum 100 words)
Describe the general experiences during the field visit: (minimum 100 words)
Learning points: Describe what theoretical concept that is correlated during the field visit:
(minimum 300 words)
 Appendix – 3

List of Instruments and Equipment required for the Conduct of D. Pharm

program as per ER- 2020

As per ER 2020 regulation:

At least four laboratories specified below should be provided for:

1. Pharmaceutics Lab.
2. Pharm. Chemistry Lab.
3. Physiology, Pharmacology and Phamacognosy Lab.
4. Biochemistry, Clinical Pathology, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy Lab.

The institutions shall provide “Model Pharmacy” as per following details

Model Pharmacy No. Area

Essential: 01 80 Sq. Mts.
(Including 10 Sq mt. for Drug
Running Model Community information Centre & 10 Sq.
mt. fro Patient Counselling)
Pharmacy

Desirable:

Drug Model Store

NOTE: Where animal experimentations are prescribed in the curriculum, the required
knowledge and skill should be imparted by using computer assisted modules. Animals hold area
shall be as per the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on
Animals (CPCSEA) guidelines.

Practical of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapeutics can be conducted in any one of the

laboratories by making necessary provisions.
 Department wise List of Minimum Equipment required for D. Pharm
(For a practical batch of 20 students )

1. Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy Lab.

S.No Name Minimum required Nos. For

DPharm 60 intake
1 Microscopes 20
2 Haemocytometer with micropipettes 20
3 Sahli’s haemoglobinometers 20
4 Sphygmomanometers 5
5 Stethoscopes 10
6 Human Permanent Slides for various tissues One pair of each tissue organs and
endocrine glands
7 Models for various organs One model of each organ system
8 Specimen for various organs and systems One model for each organ system
9 Human skeleton and bones One set of skeleton and one spare
bone
10 Different Contraceptive devices and Models One set of each device
11 Digital Balance (10 mg Sensitivity) 1
12 Computer with LCD 1
13 Licensed Software packages for Physiological & 1
Pharmacological experiment
14 IR Thermometer 2
15 Refrigerator 1
16 First aid equipment Adequate number
17 Stop watch 20
18 Dummy Inhalers and Nebulizer 1
19 Pharmacotherapeutic charts for various diseases & Adequate number
disorders
20 Surgical devices and Sutures Adequate number
21 Digital BP Instrument 5
22 Mercury Thermometer 10
23 Digital Thermometer 10
24 Pulse Oximeter 5
25 ESR Apparatus (Westergren and Wintrobe) 10
26 Peak Flow meter 10
27 Stadiometer 2
28 Adult Weighing Scale (150 kg) 5
29 Clucometer 10
30 Projection microscope 1
31 Permanent slide set for plants and charts for Adequate number
Pharmacognosy Lab
32 Drug information resources Adequate number
33 Various types of PPE Kits, Adequate number
 34 Charts / displays/ AVs on tobacco control, glycemic Adequate number
index of foods, nutrition, reproductive health
35 Menstrual hygiene products Adequate number
36 Display for various disinfectants, mosquito repellents Adequate number
etc
37 Water Testing Kit Adequate number
38 Permanent slide of different microbes Adequate number

Note: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory should be provided in
each laboratory and department

2. Pharmaceutical Chemistry/ Biochemistry, Clinical pathology

S. No Name Minimum required Nos. for

DPharm 60 intake
1 Hot plates 5
2 Hot Air Oven 1
3 Refrigerator 1
4 Analytical Balances for demonstration 1
5 Digital balance 10 mg sensitivity 5
6 Magnetic Stirrers with Thermostat 10
7 Vacuum Pump 1
8 Digital pH meter 1
9 Wall Mounted Water Distillation Unit 2
10 Nessler’s Cylinders 40
11 Digital Melting Point Apparatus 2
12 Thieles Tube 20
13 Digital Colorimeter 2
14 Thermostatic Water Bath 1

Note: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory should be provided in
each laboratory and department

3. Pharmaceutics
S. No Name Minimum required Nos. for
DPharm 60 intake
1 Digital balance (10 mg) 5
2 Microscopes 10
3 Autoclave 1
4 Vacuum Pump 1
5 Standard sieves, sieve no. 8, 10, 12, 22, 24, 44, 54, 60, 10 Sets
80, 85, 100, 120
6 Tablet dissolution test apparatus IP (Digital 1
single/double Unit)
7 Magnetic stirrer, 500ml and 1 litter capacity with speed 5
control
 8 Digital pH meter 1
9 Capsule Counter 2
10 Hot Plate 2
11 Distillation Unit 1
12 Tablet counter – small size 2
13 Hot air oven 1
14 Electric water bath unit 2
15 Stalagmometer 5
16 Desiccator 5
17 Buchner Funnels (Medium) 10
18 Filtration assembly with Vacuum pump 1
19 Andreasen’s Pipette 5
20 Ointment slab 20
21 Ointment spatula 20
22 Pestle and mortar porcelain 20
23 Refrigerator 1
24 Micrometer slide Eyepiece 5
25 Micrometer slide Stage 5
26 Viscometer Ostwald/Brookfield 1
27 Stop watch 1
28 Sintered glass fitter with vacuum 4

Note: Aseptic cabinet or area should be provided as per Appendix A of ER 2020 Adequate
number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory should be provided in each laboratory and
department

Machine Room

S. No Name Minimum required Nos. for

D.Pharm 60 intake
1 Capsule filling machine 1
2 Automated Single Station Tablet punching machine 1
3 Tablet disintegration test apparatus IP (Digital 1
single/Double unit)
4 Monsanto’s hardness tester 2
5 Pfizer type hardness tester 2
6 Friability test apparatus (Digital Single/Double unit) 1
7 Sieve shaker with sieve set 1
8 Ointment filling machine 1
9 All-purpose equipment with all accessories 1
10 Bottle Washing Machine 1
11 Bottle Sealing Machine 1
12 Liquid Filling Machine 1
13 Ampoule Washing Machine 1
14 Ampoule filling and sealing machine (Jet Burner) 1
 15 Clarity test apparatus 1
16 Collapsible tube – Filling and Sealing 1
17 Liquid Mixer 1

Note: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory should be provided in
each laboratory and department

4. Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy Lab

S. No Name Minimum required Nos. for

D.Pharm 60 intake
1 Orthopaedical &Surgical Aids such as knee cap, LS
Adequate Number
belts, abdominal belt, walker, walking sticks, etc
2 Different Types of bandages such as sterile gauze,
Adequate Number
cotton, crepe bandages, roll bandage etc
3 Mannequins for CPR – 1 (with indication Signals) 2
4 Mannequins for injection IV Arm 2
5 Variety of Needles 20
6 Variety of Syringes 20
7 Variety of catheters 5
8 IV set 20
9 Urine bag 2
10 RYLE’s tube 2
11 Urine pots 2
12 Colostomy bags 2
13 Oxygen masks 10
14 Inventory Software for Retail Pharmacy 1

Note: Adequate number of glassware commonly used in the laboratory should be provided in
each laboratory and department
5. Model Pharmacy

S. No Name Minimum required Nos. for

D.Pharm 60 intake
1  Empty cartons of variety medicines
(across variety dosage forms)
 Various name plates indicating different
parts of Pharmacy.
 Proper arrangement of medicines,
shelves racks, drawers
 Box/area for expiry medicines,
 Display windows, shelves
 Computer
 Refrigerator
 Designated patient counseling area,
 Patient Information Leaflets/Cards
 Patient waiting area,
 Drug information books
Adequate
 Health information display,
 Various devices for screening services
(B.P. monitor, glucometer etc)
 Height and body weight chart
 Dummy devices (eg. Inhalers)
 Display of pharmacist registration,
license and other licenses
 Display of name of owner
 Inspection book,
 Lock and key arrangement for Schedule
X and NDPS medicines,
 Bill book (dummy) , Computer
stationary
for bill printing
2 Computers: hospital and community pharmacy
1
management software
 Appendix 4

Subject wise list of Recommended Books (Latest Edition)

Pharmaceutics
1. History of Pharmacy in India by Dr. Harikishan Singh
2. India Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India publication
3. A Text book of Pharmaceuticals Formulation by B.M Mithal, Vallabh Prakashan.
4. Bentieys’ Text book of Pharmaceutics, Editor E.A. Rawlins, Elsevier Int.
5. The Theory and Practice of industrial Pharmacy. Leon Lachman, Herbert Liberman and
Joseph Kanig, Editors, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia. Varghese Publishing House
6. Responsible Use of Medicines: A Layman’s Handbook, www.ipapharma.org/publications

Pharmaceutical Chemistry

1. Medicinal & Pharmaceutical chemistry by Harikishan Singh and VK Kapoor

2. Wilson and Griswold’s Text book of Organic Medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry
3. practical Organic Chemistry by Mann and Saunders.
4. Practical pharmaceutical Chemistry, Volume – I & II by Beckett and J.B. Stenlake
5. Indian Pharmacopoeia
6. Vogel’s text book of Practical Organic Chemistry

Pharmacognosy

1. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C.K. Kokate, S.B. gokhale, A.P. Purohit, Nirali Prakashan
2. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C.S Shah and J.S. Qadry, CBS Publishers & Distributors
Pvt. Ltd.
3. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by T. E. Wallis. CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
4. Study of crude drugs by M. A. lyengar,Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
5. Powder crude drugs by M. A. lyengar, Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
6. Anatomy of crude drugs by M. A. lyengar, Manipal Press Ltd, Manipal
7. Augmented Text Book of Homeopathic Pharmacy by Dr. D D Banerjee, B jain Publishers
(P) Ltd
Human Anatomy and Physiology

1. Human Physiology by C.C. Chatterjee

2. Human Anatomy and Physiology by S. Chaudhary and A. Chaudhary
3. Derasari and Gandhi’s elements of Human anatomy, Physiology and health Education
4. S. R. Kale and R. R. Kale, Textbook of Practical Anatomy and Physiology
5. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness
6. Human Anatomy and Physiology by Tortora Gerad J
7. Fundamentals of medical Physiology by K. Sambulingam and P Sambulingam
8. Ranade V.G. Text Book of Practical Physiology
9. Goyal R.K Natvar M.P. and Shah S.A. Practical Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry,
Experimental Physiology

Social Pharmacy

1. Social Pharmacy – Innovation and development. Geoff Harding, Sarah nettleton and Kevin
Taylor. The Pharmaceutical Press.
2.Text Book of Community Pharmacy Practice. RPSGB Publication
3. Community Pharmacy Handbook – Jonathan Waterfield
4. S Khurana, P Suresh and R Kalsi, Health Education & Community Pharmacy. S Vikas & Co
5. Social Pharmacy: Tayler, Geoffrey. Pharmaceutical Press. London.
6. Textbook by Dandiya PC, Zafer ZYK, Zafer A. Health education & Community Pharmacy,
Vallabh Prakashan.
7. Websites of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National health Portal
8. Pharmacists at the Frontlines: A Novel Approach at Combating TB www.ipapharma.org
Visit Publications
9. Where There Is No Doctor: A Village Health Care Handbook by David Werner 2015
updated version
10. Various WHO publications www.who.int

Pharmacology

1. Pharma Satoskar, R. S. and Bhandarkar, S.D. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics

2. B. Suresh, A Text Book of Pharmacology
3. Derasari and Gandhi’s elements of Pharmacology
4. S.K. Kulkarni, Practical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
5. H.K. Sharma. Principles of Pharmacology
6. Mary J. Mycek, Lippincott Williams and Wikins. Lippincott’s illustrated Reviews:
Pharmacology
7. Tripathi, K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology
8. Various Drug Information Books like British National Formulary, MIMS, CIMS, Drug
Today etc, WHO NIH Websites
Community Pharmacy and management

1. Health Education and Community Pharmacy by N.S. Parmar.

2. WHO consultative group report.
3. Drug store and Business management by Mohammed Ali and Jyoti.
4. Handbook of Pharmacy – health care. Edt. Robin J Harman. The Pharmaceutical Press
5. Comprehensive Pharmacy Review – Edt. Leon Shargel. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
6. Good Pharmacy Practices Training Manual by IPA/CDSCO/WHO India
7. Training Module for Community Pharmacists in TB Care and Controlby MoH/IPA
8. Hand Book of PharmaSoS, Drugs in Special population – Pregnancy and Lactation, Tabacco
free future – Choice is Yours: KSPC Publications.
9. Responsible Use of Medicines: A Layman’s Handbook, www.ipapharma.org/publications
10. Community Pharmacy Practice around The Globe: Part One:
www.ipapharma.org/publications

Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology

1. Essentials of Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana, Books and Allied (P) Ltd.

2. A Textbook of Biochemistry by A.V.S.S. Rana Rao, UBS Publishers Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
3. Practical Biochemistry by R.C. Gupta and S. Bhargava.
4. Laboratory manual of Biochemistry by Pattabiraman and Sitaram Acharya

Pharmacotherapeutics

1. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics – Roger and Walker, Churchill Livingstone Publication
2. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics – Eric T. Herfindal, Williams and Wilkins Publication
3. Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs. Lloyd Young and Koda – kimble MA
Lippincott, Williams and Wikins Publication.
4. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic approach – Joseph T. Dipiro et al. Appleton and Lange
Publication.
5. National Formulary of India , Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad.
Hospital and Clinical pharmacy

1. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacy Practice – Essential concepts and skills – Pathasarathi G,

Karin Nyfort-Hansen and Milap Nahata. Orient Longman Pvt. Ltd. Hyderabad.
2. Text Book of Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy by Dr. Pratibha Nand and Dr. Roop k Khar,
Birla publications, New Delhi.
3. Gupta B.K. and Gupta R.N. GPP in Hospital Pharmacy, Vallabh Prakashan.
4. Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data – Scott LT, American Society of health System
Pharmacists inc.
5. Australian drug information – Procedure manual. The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of
Australia.

Pharmacy Law and Ethics

1. Text book of Forensic Pharmacy by B.M. Mithal

2. Forensic Pharmacy by B. Suresh
3. Hand book of drug law - by M.L. Mehra
4. A text book of Forensic Pharmacy by N.K. Jain
5. Drugs and Cosmetics Act/Rules by Govt. of India publications.
6. Medicinal and Toilet preparations Act 1955 by Govt. of India publications.
7. Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act by Govt. of India publications
8. Drugs and Magic Remedies Act by Govt. of India publications.
9. CDSCO Website, NPPA Website
10. Books on Drugs and Cosmetic Act by Nilesh Gandhi and Sudhir Deshpande
11. Text Book of Forensic Pharmacy by Dr Guruprasad Mohanta