Index
1 . Introduction
2.Components
-Power Source
-Magnet
-Coil of Wire (Armature)
-Commutator
-Brushes
3.Working Principle
-Current Flow
-Magnetic Field Interaction
-Force Generation
-Commutation
-Continuous Motion
4.Construction Steps
-Materials Needed
-Coil Formation
-Insulation Removal
-Assembly
-Operation
5.Applications
-Household Appliances
-Toys
-Electronics
6.Conclusion
7.Bibliography
Introduction
An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Simple electric motors are found in many
everyday devices, such as fans, toys, and household appliances.
This report will explain a simple electric motor's basic
components and working principles.
Problem Statement
The objective of this project is to design and construct a simple
electric motor that demonstrates the fundamental principles of
electromagnetism and mechanical motion. The motor should be
capable of converting electrical energy from a battery into
mechanical rotational energy, using basic components such as a
magnet, a coil of wire, a commutator, and brushes. The project aims
to provide a hands-on understanding of how electric motors work
and their applications in everyday devices.
Components
A simple electric motor typically consists of the following
components:
1 . Power Source: Usually a battery that provides the electrical
2.Magnet: Creates a magnetic field.
3.A coil of Wire (Armature): Conducts electricity and interacts with
the magnetic field.
4.Commutator: Reverses the direction of current flow through the
coil.
5.Brushes: Conduct current between the stationary wires and the
rotating coil.
Working Principle
The operation of a simple electric motor is based on the interaction
between the magnetic field and the electric current flowing through
the coil. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1 . Current Flow: When the battery is connected, current flows
through the coil of wire.
2. Magnetic Field Interaction: The current-carrying coil generates
a magnetic field that interacts with the field of the permanent
magnet.
3. Force Generation: According to Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, a
force is exerted on the coil, causing it to rotate.
4. Commutation: The commutator reverses the direction of the
current at the appropriate time, ensuring continuous rotation of the
coil.
5. Continuous Motion: The brushes maintain electrical contact
with the rotating commutator, allowing the motor to keep spinning
as long as the battery supplies power.
Construction Steps
To build a simple electric motor, follow these steps:
1 -Materials Needed: Battery, magnet, copper wire, paper clip, tape,
clay and sandpaper.
2. Coil Formation: Wrap the copper wire around a cylindrical
object to form a coil, leaving two ends free.
3. Insulation Removal: Sand off the insulation from the ends of
the wire.
4. Assembly: Attach the safety pins to the battery with a
rubber band, place the magnet under the coil, and position the
coil ends through the safety pins.
5. Operation: Connect the battery, give the coil a gentle spin, and
observe the motor in action.
Applications
Simple electric motors are used in various applications, including:
-Household Appliances: Fans, blenders, and washing machines.
-Toys: Electric cars and spinning tops.
-Electronics: CD/DVD players and hard drives.
Conclusion
Understanding the basic principles and construction of a simple
electric motor provides insight into the operation of more
complex motors used in various technologies. This knowledge is
fundamental to the fields of electronics and engineering.
Bibliography
(1)Build a Simple Electric Motor! I Science Project - Science Buddies.
https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Elec
p051/electricity-elec tronics/build-a-simple-electric-motor.
(2)Simple Motor - Society of Physics Students.
https://www.spsnational.org/the-sps-observer/summer/2017/simple-motor.
(3)Simple Motor: Electric Construct & DC Operation Principles - Vaia.
https://www.vaia.com/en-us/explanations/physics/electromagnetism/simple-motor/.
(4)BUILDING A SIMPLE MOTOR - Bowling Green State University.
https://www.bgsu.edu/content/dam/BGSU/nwo/documents/STEMinPark/2017activity_card
s/ Build-a-Simple-Motor-Activity.pdf.
(5)Simple Motor Activity - Auburn University.
https://www.auburn.edu/cosam/departments/physics/intro-courses/ugrad-lab/physicsl
500/activities/files/Simple%20Motor%20Activity.pdf.
(6)undefined. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W10pGk0MMhg
