Introduction to Emerging Technologies
JIMMA
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Emerging Technologies
• Concepts discussed in this chapter:
Evolution of Technologies
Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
Enabling devices and network (Programmable devices)
Human to Machine Interaction
Future Trends in Emerging Technologies
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Evolution of Technologies
Activity 1.1
➢ Define Technology and Evolution in the context of your prior knowledge
➢ Define emerging technologies?
Technology: is an application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human
life. Named as a science of the mechanical and industrial arts is first recorded in 1859.
Evolution: evolution means the process of developing by gradual changes.
Emerging technology:- is a term generally used to describe a new technology.
It may also refer to the continuing development of existing technology based on its
domain areas, such as media, business, science, or education.
Commonly it refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that are expected
to be available within the next five to ten years. 3
List of some currently available emerged technologies
Artificial Intelligence (AI) 3D printing
Blockchain Nanotechnology
Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Drones
Cloud Computing 5G.
Angular and React Biometrics
DevOps Big Data
Internet of Things (IoT)
Robotic Processor Automation (RPA)
Intelligent Apps (I-Apps)
Activity 1.2
List out at least top five currently available emerged technologies?
Introduction to the Industrial Revolution (IR)
Industrial Revolution
a change from making things by hand to making them in factories.
Before the Industrial Revolution, people relied on the horse and their own
feet to get around.
With the invention of the steam locomotive, transportation took a huge step
forward.
The revolution started in England, with a series of
innovations to make labor more efficient and productive.
This shift brought about changes in culture as people moved from rural areas
to big cities in order to work.
Introduction to the Industrial Revolution (IR)
• The American Industrial Revolution commonly referred to as the Second
Industrial Revolution, started sometime between 1820 and 1870. The impact of
changing the way items was manufactured had a wide reach. Industries such as
textile manufacturing, mining, glass making, and agriculture all had undergone
changes.
• The Most Important Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
• Transportation: The Steam Engine, The Railroad, The Diesel Engine, The
Airplane.
• Communication.: The Telegraph. The Transatlantic Cable. The Phonograph.
The Telephone.
• Industry: The Cotton Gin. The Sewing Machine. Electric Lights.
Introduction to the Industrial Revolution (IR)
• Generally, the following industrial revolutions fundamentally
changed and transfer the world around us into modern society.
• The steam engine,
• The age of science and mass production, and
• The rise of digital technology
• Smart and autonomous systems fueled by data and machine
learning
Historical Background
• Began in Great Britain in the late 1770s before spreading to the rest of
Europe
The four types of industries are:
• The primary industry involves getting raw materials e.g. mining,
farming, and fishing.
• The secondary industry involves manufacturing e.g. making cars and
steel.
• Tertiary industries provide a service e.g. teaching and nursing.
• The quaternary industry involves research and development industries
e.g. IT.
Historical Background… Cont’d
• Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
– first coined in the 1760s,
– The transitions in the first IR included going from hand
production methods to machines, the increasing use of
steam power , the development of machine tools and the rise
of the factory system.
Industrial
Industrial Revolution Revolution
(IR 2.0) (IR 2.0)
• began somewhere in the 1870s
• also known as the Technological Revolution
• included the development of methods for
manufacturing interchangeable parts and widespread
adoption of pre-existing technological systems such as
telegraph and railroad networks.
• Electrical power and telephone system were
introduced at this period.
Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0)
• Began from the late 1950s
• Known as Digital Revolution
• introduced the transition from mechanical and analog
electronic technology to digital electronics.
• The core factor of this revolution is the mass production and
widespread use of digital logic circuits and its derived
technologies such as the computer, hand phones and the
Internet.
Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
• We are here now
• Characterized by advanced digital system
• Technologies like
– Advanced Artificial Intelligence
– Robotics
– Internet of Things
– additive manufacturing and
– autonomous vehicles
• A cyber-physical system is a mechanism that is controlled or
monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly integrated with
the Internet and its users.
Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
Data is a new oil and strategic asset since we are living in the age of big data.
Drives or even determines the future of science, technology, the economy, and
possibly everything in our world today and tomorrow.
Fields like data science getting more attention currently.
Data science involve multiple disciplines such as computing, informatics,
statistics, business, social science, and health/medical science
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Enabling devices and network (Programmable devices)
• Programmable device refers any device whose operation is controlled by a stored program that
can be changed or replaced.
• Used to build reconfigurable digital circuits.
Four basic components in digital system
Memory
Microprocessors
Logic, and
Networks.
Memory devices store random information such as the contents of currently running programs.
Microprocessors execute software instructions to perform a wide variety of tasks such as running
system or application software's.
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Cont. ..
• Logic devices provide specific functions, including device-to-
device interfacing, data communication, signal processing, data
display, timing and control operations, and almost every other
function a system must perform.
• The network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes,
network devices, peripherals, or other devices connected to one
another to allow the sharing of data.
• An excellent example of a network is the Internet, which
connects millions of people all over the world
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Enabling devices and network (Programmable devices)
• Programmable devices usually refer to chips that
incorporate field programmable logic devices
(FPGAs), complex programmable logic devices
(CPLD) and programmable logic devices (PLD).
Human to Machine Interaction (HMI)
• Human-machine interaction (HMI) refers to the communication and interaction
between a human and a machine via a user interface.
• Human can interact with machine using the following ways
Natural language(text to speech or speech to text)
Graphical user interface(menu, form and web based interface)
Command line interface and others
• HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with
computers and to what extent computers are or are not developed for successful
interaction with human beings.
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Future Trends in Emerging Technologies
Extended Reality
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Emerging technology trends in 2023 Quantum Computing
5G Networks Internet of Things (IoT)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Datafication
Autonomous Devices 3D Printing
Blockchain
Robotic Process Automation
Augmented Analytics (RPA)
Digital Twins
Enhanced Edge Computing and
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Cont…..d
Emerging technologies that will shape the
future of you and your business
Chatbots,
virtual/augmented reality,
blockchain,
Ephemeral Apps and
Artificial Intelligence
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Any Question?
