Name: Everesto M. Cabasag Jr.
Platform Technologies
SUBJECT IT48 PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES
This module is intended to the subject IT48 Platform technologies. This subject deals
with the computing requirements needed to design an appropriate solution, Design and
develop computing solutions using a system level perspective and Utilize modern computing
tools.
UNIT I. INTRODUCTION TO PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES
Lesson 1. Platform Technologies
Lesson 2. Platform Definition and Examples
Lesson 3. Different Software Platform
Lesson 4. Types of Operating Systems
UNIT II. PLATFORM FOR WEB APPLICATIONS
Lesson 1. Web Development Applications
Lesson 2. Web-based Platform
Lesson 3. Difference between web app and website
Lesson 4. Examples of Web Applications
UNIT III. PLATFORM FOR MOBILE APPLICATION
Lesson 1. Mobile programming languages
Lesson 2. Challenges with Mobility and Wireless communication
Lesson 3. Mobile Platform and Mobile Platform Constraints
Lesson 4. Emerging Technologies
UNIT III. PLATFORM FOR MOBILE APPLICATION
Lesson 1. Mobile programming languages
Lesson 2. Challenges with Mobility and Wireless communication
Lesson 3. Mobile Platform and Mobile Platform Constraints
Lesson 4. Emerging Technologies
UNIT IV. CURRENT MOBILE PLATFORMS AND THEIR ARCHITECTURE
Lesson 1. Current Mobile Platforms
Lesson 2. Mobile Architecture
Lesson 3. Mobile Application Development Languages
UNIT V. DESKTOP PLATFORM APPLICATIONS
Lesson 1. Desktop Platform Applications
Lesson 2. Programming Languages for Desktop Application
Lesson 3. Desktop Application Development Frameworks
Lesson 4. Technologies for Desktop Application Development
UNIT VI. OFFICE APPLICATIONS
Lesson 1. Microsoft Word
Lesson 2. Microsoft Excel
Lesson 3. Microsoft Powerpoint
UNIT VII. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PLATFORM
Lesson 1. AI platforms for open-source data science and machine learning
What is a Platform?
A computing platform is, in the most general sense, whatever pre-existing environment a piece
of software is designed to run within, obeying it constrains, and making use of its facilities. Platform is
any base of technologies on which other technologies or processes are built. Most services that the end
users use will be build on top of platforms.
What does it contain?
3 Typical platforms may include A hardware architecture An Operating System (OS) and software
application Various possibility of connecting through network.
Examples Probably the most familiar platform is Microsoft Windows running on the x86
architecture Macintosh, custom Apple Computer Hardware and Mac OS operating system, now migrated
to x86 Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel.
Software Frameworks
An abstraction in which software providing generic functionality can be selectively changed by
additional user-written code. It is a universal, reusable software platform to develop software
applications, products and solutions.
Examples The Java Platform is a virtual machine platform which runs on many operating systems
and hardware types.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
Table Contents
✓Definition
✓Introduction
✓Types of Operating System
✓Examples of Operating System
✓Conclusion
Definition
An operating system (OS) manages all
other applications and programs in a computer,
and it is loaded into the computer by a boot
program.
Introduction
It enables applications to interact with a computer’s hardware. Through a designated application
programme interface, the application programmes request services from the operating system
(API).
The kernel is the software that contains the operating system’s core components. To run other
programmes, every computer has to have at least one operating system installed.
Types of Operating
System Batch OS
• Batch OS is the first operating system for second-generation computers. This OS does not directly
interact with the computer.
• Instead, an operator takes up similar jobs and groups them together into a batch, and then these
batches are executed one by one based on the first-come, first, serve principle.
Distributed OS
• A distributed OS is a recent advancement in the field of computer technology and is utilized all over the
world that too with great pace. In a distributed OS, various computers are connected through a single
communication channel.
• These independent computers have their memory unit and CPU and are known as loosely coupled
systems. Example: Cloud Computing
Multitasking OS
• The multitasking OS is also known as the time-sharing operating system as each task is given some time
so that all the tasks work efficiently.
• This system provides access to a large number of users, and each user gets the time of CPU as they get
in a single system. Example: Unix, Ubuntu, MacOS, Windows and all Linux based OS
Network OS
• Network operating systems are the systems that run on a server and manage all the networking
functions.
• They allow sharing of various files, applications, printers, security, and other networking functions over
a small network of computers like LAN or any other private network. Example: UNIX, Linux, Microsoft
Windows Server 2022, Novell NetWare, Banyan's VINES, Artisoft's LANtastic, Mac OS X, and BSD
Real-Time OS
• Real-Time operating systems serve real-time systems.
• These operating systems are useful when many events occur in a short time or within certain
deadlines, such as real-time simulations. Example: airline traffic control systems, Command Control
Systems, airline reservation systems, Network Multimedia Systems, robots, etc.
Mobile OS
• A mobile OS is an operating system for smartphones, tablets, and PDA’s. It is a platform on which other
applications can run on mobile devices.
• Some of mobile operating systems give poor battery quality to users.
• Some of the mobile operating systems are not user-friendly.
Examples of Operating System
Microsoft Windows
• It is a series of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. The first
version of Windows was released in 1985 as a GUI add-on to MS-DOS.
• The first version of Windows sold as a standalone operating system was Windows 95.
macOS
• It is a series of graphical operating systems developed by Apple Inc.
• It is the successor to Mac OS X, and it is the operating system that powers Apple’s Mac family of
computers.
Linux
• Linux is built around the Linux kernel and is a free and open-source software OS. It is one of the most
popular operating systems for servers and embedded devices.
• It is also used by millions of desktop users around the world.
Android
• It is a mobile OS developed by Google.
• It is based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as
smartphones and tablets.
iOS
• Another example of a mobile OS developed by Apple Inc.
• iOs is the successor to iPhone OS. It is an operating system that powers the iPhone, iPad, and iPod
Touch products.
Conclusion
✓ An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the
computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware.
✓ It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's
language.
Types of Software Platforms
Platform is hardware and software architecture that acts as foundation or base upon which
other applications, processes, or technologies are developed. In computing, platform refers to
basic hardware i.e., computer system and software i.e., operating system on which software
applications are often run. An application also can serve as platform if it’s base for other
programs. For instance, the web browsers that we use in our day-to-day life accept few third
party plugins, and hence browser application becomes platform for interfacing.
In recent times, almost every software enterprise builds some quite ‘platform’. Yet all platforms
that are created aren’t same. Facebook, Amazon Web Services, Amazon Marketplace, Google
Search, Android, Uber are all platforms, but at same time, these platforms are very different in
how they create network effects, kind of interactions they allow, approaches they follow,
strategies and other methods.
Now let us discuss the various types of platforms. They are:
1. Utility Platforms: Google Search, Bing, Kayak, Skyscanner are some examples of Utility
Platforms. Utility Platforms attract their users by providing useful and also usually free service.
Once there’s certain mass of users using service, platform opens to second sort of participants,
like advertisers in case of Google Search, airlines in case of Kayak or Skyscanner. There is no
network effect within useful service itself. Users attract businesses, but businesses on platform
don’t necessarily attract users. We attend Google Search trying to find information, to not see
ads.
2. Content Distribution Platforms: Google AdSense, PropellerAds, and Millennial Media are
samples of Content Distribution Platforms. Such platforms connect owners with content who
are wishing to deliver content (or ads) to users. More content available on platform, more
attractive platform becomes. User reach and accuracy of content matching are two most
important aspects of this platform.
3. Data Harvesting Platforms: Google Maps, Waze, Salesforce, OpenSignal, and Inside Sales are
some examples of Data Harvesting Platforms. These platforms offer useful services to users and
generate data through usage of platform services. Data collected from all users of platform is
fed back to service, thus making it more useful for users. Network effect on these platforms is
connoted on data instead of users. Usage of platform service generates data, which in turn
makes platform more valuable for users, which attracts more users, whose usage generates
more data, and so on.
4. Interaction Networks: Facebook, WeChat, Telegram, and Bitcoin are some examples of
Interaction Networks. These sorts of platforms facilitate interactions between specific
participants (people and/or businesses). Digital interactions can be in form of message, voice
call, image, or money transfer. Foundational characteristic of Interaction Networks is identity. All
interactions on platform are ground to specific accounts. Users join platform to interact with
other users, and thus first network effect is between users of platform. Users attract users, who
attract more users. Platform may be one-sided platform connecting participants of similar kind
5. Technology Platforms: Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure are some examples of
Technology Platforms. Technology Platforms provide building blocks or services that are reused
during sizable amount of products. Technology Platforms are not two-sided markets. Technology
Platforms generate revenue by selling their services to developers and are typically invisible to
top-level users (end users). For instance, while OTT’s like Netflix and Amazon Prime run its video
streaming services on top of Amazon Web Services platform (AWS), top-level users interact
solely with Netflix and Amazon Prime. In this type of platform, there are no implicit network
effects. These platforms grow with favorable reception by developers and do not rely on
interaction between demand side and supply side. As a result, Technology Platforms are much
easier to launch than multi-sided or peer-to-peer platforms.
6. Marketplaces: Shopee, Lazada, Amazon, eBay, Flipkart, Kickstarter, or UpWork are some
examples of Marketplaces. These are two-sided platforms connecting supply with demand.
Marketplaces enable transactions between demand-side participants i.e., buyers, and supply-
side participants i.e., sellers. In these platforms, prices of products and offered services are set
by sellers. Network effect in Marketplaces is between demand-side participants and supply-side
participants. Sellers attract buyers with exciting offers, who in turn attract more sellers, and so
on. Identity plays secondary role in this platform. Buyers search for selected product or service
but not for selected seller. Products or services are offered by multiple sellers who compete on
price, reputation etc.
7. On-demand Service Platforms: Grab taxi, Cityart Enterprises app, Uber, DoorDash, Go-Mart,
and Doz are samples of On demand Service Platforms. These types of platforms offer end-to-
end services to be fulfilled by group of independent service providers or contractors. On-
demand Service Platforms incorporate processes of search, order, payment, fulfillment, and
confirmation of service under one roof. Price, quality standards, and fulfillment processes are
set and managed by platform. User or buyer usually has less freedom, in selecting how service
will be delivered and by whom.
8. Computing Platforms: Apple iOS, Google Android are some examples of computing
platforms. Computing Platforms render interactions between platform users and third-party
developers. In Computing Platforms, connection between users and developers is established
through an app store/marketplace. These platforms tend to develop strong bi-directional
network effects once platform reaches certain mass of users. Users attract developers,
developers make apps, apps attract users, and users attract developers, and so on.
9. Content Crowdsourcing Platforms: YouTube, Crackle, Twitch, and Yelp are some examples of
Content Crowdsourcing Platforms. These types of platforms collect content from users in form
of videos, blog posts, reviews, etc, and share this content with wide range of users. In Content
Crowdsourcing Platforms users interact with platform and interaction is ground to content.
Network effect is observed between content contributors i.e., creators, and content consumers
i.e., viewers of platform. If more content is available on platforms, more content consumers will
join platform making it more valuable for content contributors, who in turn generate more
content.
Apart from the above Platforms, there are also eight types of Software Platforms:
What is CSS?
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to format the layout of a webpage.
With CSS, you can control the color, font, the size of text, the spacing between elements, how
elements are positioned and laid out, what background images or background colors are to be
used, different displays for different devices and screen sizes, and much more!
Using CSS
CSS can be added to HTML documents in 3 ways:
1. Inline - by using the style attribute inside HTML elements
2. Internal - by using a <style> element in the <head> section
3. External - by using a <link> element to link to an external CSS file
The most common way to add CSS, is to keep the styles in external CSS files. However, in this
tutorial we will use inline and internal styles, because this is easier to demonstrate, and easier
for you to try it yourself.
Inline CSS
An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element.
An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element.
The following example sets the text color of the <h1> element to blue, and the text color of the
<p> element to red:
Example
<h1 style="color:blue;">A Blue Heading</h1>
<p style="color:red;">A red paragraph.</p>
Internal CSS
An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page.
An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within a <style> element.
The following example sets the text color of ALL the <h1> elements (on that page) to blue, and
the text color of ALL the <p> elements to red. In addition, the page will be displayed with a
"powderblue" background color:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color: powderblue;}
h1 {color: blue;}
p {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
External CSS
An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages.
To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of each HTML page:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
CSS Colors, Fonts and Sizes
Here, we will demonstrate some commonly used CSS properties. You will learn more about them later.
The CSS color property defines the text color to be used.
The CSS font-family property defines the font to be used.
The CSS font-size property defines the text size to be used.
Example
Use of CSS color, font-family and font-size properties:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
h1 {
color: blue;
font-family: verdana;
font-size: 300%;
}
p{
color: red;
font-family: courier;
font-size: 160%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
HTML Table
A table in HTML consists of table cells inside rows and columns.
Example
A simple HTML table:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Company</th>
<th>Contact</th>
<th>Country</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Alfreds Futterkiste</td>
<td>Maria Anders</td>
<td>Germany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Centro comercial Moctezuma</td>
<td>Francisco Chang</td>
<td>Mexico</td>
</tr>
</table>
Table Cells
Each table cell is defined by a <td> and a </td> tag.
td stands for table data.
Everything between <td> and </td> are the content of the table cell.
Example
<table>
<tr>
<td>Emil</td>
<td>Tobias</td>
<td>Linus</td>
</tr>
</table>
Table Rows
Each table row starts with a <tr> and ends with a </tr> tag.
tr stands for table row.
Example
<table>
<tr>
<td>Emil</td>
<td>Tobias</td>
<td>Linus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
</table>
Table Headers
Sometimes you want your cells to be table header cells. In those cases use the <th> tag instead of the
<td> tag:
th stands for table header.
Example
Let the first row be table header cells:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Person 1</th>
<th>Person 2</th>
<th>Person 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Emil</td>
<td>Tobias</td>
<td>Linus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
</table>
HTML Table Tags
Tag Description
<table> Defines a table
<th> Defines a header cell in a table
<tr> Defines a row in a table
<td> Defines a cell in a table
<caption> Defines a table caption
<colgroup> Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting
<col> Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element
<thead> Groups the header content in a table
<tbody> Groups the body content in a table
<tfoot> Groups the footer content in a table
What is UML?
-Software engineers use UML (Unified Modeling Language), a standardized modeling language, to
design, build, and record the behavior and structure of software systems. It offers a collection of
graphical notation tools for producing abstract system models, or UML diagrams, that aid in the
comprehension, creation, and communication of system architecture by developers and other
stakeholders.
2 Types of UML?
-Behavioral Diagram
The interactions between several users (or actors) and a system are depicted in a use case diagram. It
describes, from the viewpoint of the user, the primary tasks (or use cases) carried out by the system.
Example:
-Structural Diagram
An illustration of a system's classes and the connections between them, including dependencies,
linkages, and inheritance, is called a class diagram.
Example:
