Identify 10 new complex or compound English words and discuss how
these combinations of roots and additional morphemes create new lexical
forms that all speakers instantly understand.
First of all, we will discuss the roots and additional morphemes create
new lexical forms as follow:
Definition of the root:
root Compound word
Port airport
line deadline
board blackboard
writer typewriter
wife housewife
shop bookshop
up root uproot
grave yard graveyard
break fast breakfast
tooth paste toothpaste
It is the smallest unit of meaning or grammatical function.
Morpheme can be a root word prefix or suffix.
We will show the type of morpheme in the following table:
Types of Morpheme
Free Morpheme Bound Morpheme
Lexical functional Derivational inflectional
e.g . Child , teach e.g . and ,the Re -ness s- ed
Free Morpheme can be divided into lexical morpheme and functional
morpheme as shown on the above table. Free morpheme is one that can
have uttered alone with meaning such as the words such as
book table bag deliver learn pick read
Lexical morphemes are usually free morphemes. They carry their full
meaning in the word itself. Lexical morphemes include noun, verbs,
adjective, adverb. We will show lexical morpheme in the following table
Definition of lexical morpheme
Lexical morphemes are usually free morphemes. They carry their full
meaning in the word itself. Lexical morphemes include noun, verbs,
adjective, adverb
Example
Noun verbs adjective adverb
table speak big well
Functional Morphemes are morpheme which have grammatical
function. Functional morpheme has a job or function in a sentence.
Functional morphemes include (articles- preposition-pronoun
conjunction). we will show functional morphemes in the following
example
Functional Morphemes
They are morpheme which have grammatical function. Functional
morpheme has a job or function in a sentence. Functional morphemes
include (articles- preposition-pronoun conjunction). we will show
functional morphemes
Example
Articles preposition pronoun conjunction
The, a, an At ,in ,on ,above He,she,it,they And ,nor
,we,these ,or , but,so
Bound Morphemes
They can't be uttered alone with meaning.it can't stand alone and are
usually tied to another morpheme examples (s,er,ed,ing,re…..)Bound
morpheme can be divivded into derivational morpheme and inflectional
morpheme
Derivational morpheme causes a word to change in meaning or
grammatical category for example,
Happy-unhappy, both words are adjectives but the meaning changes. We
proved many example for derivational morpheme as
Able: verb verb into adjective: read readable
Ship : noun Noun : friend friendship
Er: verb verb : cover recover
Inflectional morphemes make a different form of the same word, such
as:
-S: plural morpheme dogs
-S : 3 rd person singular present lives
- ing : progressive living
-ed : past tense lived
-ed : past participle had lived
-er : comparative taller
-est : superlative tallest
- we will provide table which shows prefix and meaning:
prefix meaning example
Fore before foresight
In opposite incorrect
re again rebuild
ir not irregular
Dis Not, opposite of disconnect
inter between international
mis wrongly misunderstand
anti against antithesis
pre before preschool
semi half semicircle
We will provide some examples for suffixes
Suffix meaning example
ion A process state or result decorion
ism A belief of condition Judaism
ment An action or state measurement
able Able to do inflarable
ess Make afminisme form waitress
ish A little greenish
full As much as will fill spoonful
