Multimedia
Chapter-4
Multimedia Hardware Peripherals
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Multimedia
Multimedia Hardware Peripherals
Input devices
Output devices
Storage devices
Communication devices
Input Devices
Keyboards And Mice
Scanners And Digital cameras
MIDI Keyboards
Touch screens
Voice recognition systems
Trackballs
Tablets
Infrared remotes
Video cameras
Magnetic Card Encoders and Readers
Output Devices
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Multimedia
Monitors
Speakers
VR helmet and VR immersive display
Video Devices
Storage Devices
CD-ROM Drives
Syquest drives
Magneto-optical drives
Laserdisc Player
Communication Devices
Communication devices helps computer users to communicate and to exchange items such
as data, instructions with another computer.
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Multimedia
Modems: A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device that modulates an analog carrier
signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode
the transmitted information.
Network Interfaces: is a system's (software and/or hardware) interface between two
pieces of equipment or protocol layers in a computer network.
Multimedia Operating Systems
Introduction
Operating system is the layer between hardware and the applications.
Operating system provide the environment for executing programs and various services
regarding:
• CPU
• Main Memory
• File system
• Input and output devices
• Networking device
Multimedia OS
• Multimedia applications demand the human perception of the media in a error free way.
• The key to the Multimedia OS is the real-time processing of the continuous data
• An audio application will involve
• I/O devices: microphone, speakerphone
• CPU: processing the data
• Memory: temporarily store the data
• Network: real-time transmission of the data
CPU management: appropriate scheduling is necessary
Memory management: guaranteed timing delay and buffer management
File system: guarantee continuous retrieval of multimedia data to guarantee real-time
processing of the media data, one concept used is resource reservation. The resource is
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Multimedia
reserved prior to the execution of the application. This has to be performed for all
components along the data path of a multimedia application.
Real-Time Multimedia OS
• A real-time process is a process which delivers the results of the processing in a given time
span.
• The system continuously
• Receiving information from the environment
• Processing
• Deliver to the environment
• The correctness of a real-time system:
The correctness in the results
The correctness in timing
Example: Video Playback
• Read data from DVD
• Decoding and formatting
• Send it to frame buffer
• Timing is everything
• The latest acceptable time for the presentation of the processing results
• Soft deadline: if violated does not result in unacceptable results
• Hard deadline: should never be violated
Resource management
Multimedia systems with integrate audio and video at the limit of their capacity
Active resources and passive resource
• Active resources: CPU or network adapter that provide service
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Multimedia
• Passive resources: memory, bandwidth, file systems, system capability required by active
resources
Resource Requirements
Processing and transmission requirement of a multimedia (local or distributed) system can
be specified according to the following characteristics
• The throughput – determined by the needed data rate, depending on the size of the data
unit
• Local and global delay
- Local delay – the delay at the resource is the maximum time span for the completion of the
task
- The end-to-end delay is the time span for a data unit to be transmitted from the source to
the destination
• The jitter – determines the maximum allowed variance in the arrival data at the destination
• The reliability – error detection and correction mechanisms used for the transmission and
processing of the multimedia data
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