Database Connectivity with Java
Prativa Nyaupane
Outline
- JDBC Architecture
- JDBC Driver Types and Configuration
- Managing Connections and Statements
- Result Sets and Exception Handling
- DDL and DML Operations
- SQL Injection and Prepared Statements
- Row Sets and Transactions
- SQL Escapes
Introduction
- A database is an organized collection of data.
- Database Management System provides mechanisms for storing, retrieving and
modifying data for many users.
- DBMS allow for the access and storage of data without concern for the internal
representation of data.
- Relational DBMS stores data in tables. Tables are composed of rows and columns.
- Some popular RDBMSs are Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, PostgreSQL and
MySQL.
- The JAVA API is an interface which consists of description of all the characteristics of
the application. It is just a set of procedures that carry out specific tasks and make
development of applications easier.
JDBC API
- Java programs communicate with database and manipulate their data using
the Java Database Connectivity(JDBC) API.
- It allows any java program to execute SQL(Structured Query Language)
statements and retrieve results, modify data and delete data.
- The [Link] package contains classes and interfaces for JDBC API
Backend
Java application JDBC
database
Fig: JDBC Link with Java Application and Database
JDBC API
- Java provides following APIs with respect to database:
- Defining the DriverManager for respective database drivers.
- Establishing a connection to the database
- Creating statements.
- Executing queries in the database
- Display and update of the resultant tuples.
JDBC simplifies database interaction by providing a set of interfaces for seamless
portability across different databases.
JDBC API
● The JDBC API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of Java classes and
interfaces that define the standard methods and behaviors for database
connectivity.
● It allows Java applications to execute SQL statements, retrieve and
manipulate data, and manage database connections.
● The JDBC API provides a common interface regardless of the specific
database being used, enabling portability and flexibility.
JDBC Architecture Contd..
JDBC Driver Types and Configuration
● A database driver is a software component that acts as an interface between the
Java application and a specific database management system (DBMS).
● It allows Java applications to communicate with the database by translating the
JDBC calls into the appropriate DBMS-specific commands.
● Each database vendor provides its own database driver, which needs to be
included in the Java application's classpath to establish a connection with that
specific database.
Java Native Driver
● A Java Native Driver is a JDBC driver that is specifically designed to work
with a particular database management system (DBMS) using native
protocols.
● It is implemented in Java and provides direct communication between the
Java application and the DBMS without the need for any intermediate
layers or bridges.
● Java Native Drivers offer better performance and platform independence
compared to JDBC-ODBC bridges.
Java Native Driver
Java Native Driver
● Advantage:
○ performance upgraded than JDBC-ODBC bridge driver.
● Disadvantage:
○ The Native driver needs to be installed on the each client
machine.
○ The Vendor client library needs to be installed on client
machine.
Tutorial
- Database Connectivity with JDBC: Step-by-step tutorials on JDBC
configuration, database connection management, executing SQL queries
and handling result sets.
