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Dynamics Notes

Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion, explaining how and why objects move. Key concepts include force, types of forces, Newton's laws of motion, inertia, mass, weight, momentum, impulse, friction, and free body diagrams. The document outlines fundamental principles and formulas related to these concepts.

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Fatima Malik
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130 views2 pages

Dynamics Notes

Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion, explaining how and why objects move. Key concepts include force, types of forces, Newton's laws of motion, inertia, mass, weight, momentum, impulse, friction, and free body diagrams. The document outlines fundamental principles and formulas related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

Fatima Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dynamics Notes

1. Introduction to Dynamics

Dynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the study of forces and their effects on motion.

It explains why objects move (or do not move) by analyzing the forces acting upon them.

2. Force

Force is a push or pull acting on an object. It is a vector quantity.

Unit: Newton (N)

Formula: F = ma

3. Types of Forces

- Contact Forces: Friction, Tension, Normal force, Air resistance

- Non-contact Forces: Gravitational, Magnetic, Electrostatic

4. Newton's Laws of Motion

First Law (Law of Inertia):

An object remains in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Second Law:

The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force.

F = ma

Third Law:

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

5. Inertia and Mass

Inertia: The tendency of a body to resist a change in its state of motion.


Mass: Measure of inertia, scalar quantity, SI unit: kg

6. Weight

Weight = mass x gravitational acceleration

W = mg (N)

7. Momentum

Momentum (p) = mass x velocity

p = mv

Unit: kg·m/s

8. Impulse

Impulse = Change in momentum = F x delta(t)

9. Friction

Friction is a force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact.

- Static Friction: Prevents motion

- Kinetic Friction: Acts during motion

f = mu x N (mu = coefficient of friction, N = normal force)

10. Free Body Diagrams (FBD)

A diagram that shows all the forces acting on a body.

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