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 Seed
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appropriate triers should
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239
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Seed Production of Vegetable, Tuber
and Spice Chops
different layers of the bag, then it is again closed and with drawn and
emptied in a
plastic bucket. This trier is used for drawing seed samples from the seed
lots packed in
bags or in containers.

Types of samples
1. Primary sample
Each probe or handful of sample taken either in bag
or in bulk is called primary
sample.
2. Composite sample
All the primary samples drawn are combined
together in suitable container to
form a composite sample.

3. Submitted sample
When the composite sample is properly reduced to the required size
that to be
submitted to the seed testing lab, it is called submitted sample.
Submitted sample of
requisite weight or more is obtained by repeated halving or by
abstracting and
subsequently combining small random portions.
4.Working sample
It is the reduced sample required weight obtained from the
submitted sample on
which the quantity tests are conducted in seed testing lab.

240
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Secd Production of
Vegetable, Tuber and Spice Crops
Weight of submitted sample
The minimum weights for
follows submitted samples for various tests are as
1. Moisture test

100 g for those species that have to be

2. For verification of
ground and 50 g for all other species.
species and cultivars (genuineness of variety)
Crop Lab Field plot
Peas, beans, maize, soybean and crop seeds of only (g) & Lab (g)
1000 2000
similar size
Barley, oats, wheat and crop seeds of similar size 500 1000
Beet root and seeds of similar size
200 500
All other genera, seed potato, sweet potato and 100 250
other vegetatively propagated crops

3. For other tests like purity and count of other species

Crop Size of Size of Size of working Sample

seed lot submitted Sample for count of other
(kg) sample(g) purity (g) species(g)

Brinjal 20,000 1000 140 1000

Chillies 10,000 70 7 70

Bhendi 10,000 7

Tomato (variety) 10,000 100 10 100

Tomato (hybrid) 10,000 100 10 100

10,000 100 10 100

Cabbage
Cucumber, muskmelon 1000 150 150

and longmelon
2000 1000 450 1000
Bitter gourd

241 www.AgriMoon. Com

Seed Production of Vegetable,
Tuber and Spice Crops
The samples taken may be packed in bags, sealed and marked for
For moisture testing the samples should be identification.
packed separately in moisture proof
polythene bag and kept in the container along with the submitted
samples.
Information to accompany the sample:
Date... Kind......
Class of seed..... Variety...s
Lot No. ....
Quantity of seed in lot (kg) . .
Tests required (1) Punity...... (2) Germination. (3) Moisture
Senders Name and Address.
Mixing and dìviding of seeds
The main objective of mixing and
dividing of seeds is to obtain the
representative homogenous seed sample for analysis by reducing the
to the desired size of submitted sample
working sample.
Method of mixing and dividing
1. Mechanical dividing
2. Random cups method
3. Modified halving method
4. Spoon method
5. Hand halving method

1. Mechanical method

The reduction of sample size is carried out by the

mechanical dividers suitable for
all seeds except for chaffy and fuzzy seeds.

Objective of mechanical dividing

To mix the seed sample and make
homogenous as far as possible
To reduce the seed sample to the required size
without any bias
The submitted sample can be thoroughly mixed by
passing it through the divider
to get 2 parts and passing the whole sample second time
and 3rd time if

242
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Seed Production of Vegetable, Tuber and Spice
Crops
necessary to make the seeds mixed and blended so as to get honogenous eed
NAmple when the same secds passed through it into approzimately equal parts.
The sample is reduced to desired size by passing the seeds through the dividers
repcatedly with one half remain at each occasion.

Types of mechanical dividers

a. Boerner divider
It consists of a hopper, a conc and series of baffles directing the seeds into 2
spouts. The baffles are of cqual size and equally spaced and every alternate one leading
to onespout. They are arranged in circle and are directed inward. A valve at the base of
the hopper retains thc sceds in the hopper. When the valve is opcncd the seeds fall by
gravity over the cone where it is equally distributed and approximately equal quantity of
seeds will be collected in cach spout. A disadvantagc of this divider ís that it is difficult
to check for cleanliness.

b. Soil divider
It is a sample divider built on the same principles as the Boerner divider. Here the
channels are arranged in a straight row. It consists of a hopper with attached channels, a
frame work to hold the hopper, two receiving pans and a pouring pan. It is suitable for
large seeds and chaffy seeds.

243 www.AgriMoon.Com
Seed Production of Vegetable, Tuber and Spice Cops

c Centritugal or Ganmet Divider

The principle involved is the centriÀugal force which is used for mixing and
dividing the seeds. The sceds fall on a shallow nubber spinner which on rotation by an
electrie motor, throwout the seeds by centrifiugal force. Thecircle or the area where the
seeds fall is cqually divided into two parts by a stationary bafte so that approximately
equalquantities of seed willfall in cach spout.

2. Random cup method

This is the method suitable for seeds requiring working sample upto 10
grams
provided that they are not extrenmely chatty and do not bounce or roll (e.g) Brassica spp.
Six to cight small cups are placed at random on a tray. After a
preliminary
mixing the seed is poured unifomly over the tray, The seeds that fall into the cup is
taken as the working sample.

3. Modifiedhalving nethod
The apparatus consists of a tray into which is fitted a grid of equal sized cubical
cups open at the top and every alternate are having no botom. After preliminary mixing
the seed is pouted evenly over the grid. When the grid is lifted approximately half the
sample remains on the tray. The submitted sample is suceessively halved in this method
until a working sample size is obtained.

4. Spoon method
This is suitable for samples of single small seeded species, A tray, spatula and a
spoon with a straight edge are required. After preliminary mixing the seed is poured

244 www.AgriMoon.Com