Add Math Paper Solving Week 2
Add Math Paper Solving Week 2
Syllabus
Worksheet on Syllabus
Cambridge O Level
Additional Mathematics 4037
Paper solving week 1 (June 2020, V11, 12, 21, 22)
Exams are available in the June and November series.
Version 1
Please check the syllabus page at www.cambridgeinternational.org/4037
to see if this syllabus is available in your administrative zone.
For the purposes of screen readers, any mention in this document of Cambridge IGCSE
refers to Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education.
Cambridge IGCSE™
* 1 7 7 4 6 3 4 2 5 2 *
2 hours
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You should use a calculator where appropriate.
● You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a
calculator.
● Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 80.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
DC (PQ/CT) 327629/3
© UCLES 2024 [Turn over
2
Mathematical Formulae
1. ALGEBRA
Quadratic Equation
Binomial Theorem
( a + b) n = a n + e o a n - 1 b + e o a n - 2 b 2 + f + e o a n - r b r + f + b n
n n n
1 2 r
Arithmetic series un = a + (n - 1) d
1 1
Sn = n (a + l ) = n {2a + (n - 1) d}
2 2
Geometric series un = ar n - 1
a (1 - r n )
Sn = ( r ! 1)
1-r
a
S3 = ( r 1 1)
1-r
2. TRIGONOMETRY
Identities
sin 2 A + cos 2 A = 1
sec 2 A = 1 + tan 2 A
cosec 2 A = 1 + cot 2 A
– 120° – 100° – 80° – 60° – 40° – 20° 0 20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° i
–2
–4
–6
–8
2 (a) Given that log p a + log p 12 - log p 6 = 3 log p 4 , find the value of a. [3]
(b) Find the exact solutions of the equation 4 log 3 x = 9 log x 3. [4]
3 The curve C has equation y = ln `x 3 + 3j . The normal to C at the point where x = 1 meets the
line y = x at the point P. Find the exact coordinates of P. [7]
(c) On the axes, sketch the graphs of y = f (x) and y = f - 1 (x) , stating the coordinates of the points
where the curves meet the coordinate axes. State the equations of any asymptotes. Label your
curves. [4]
O x
(d) Find the exact solution of the equation gf (x) = 12. [4]
5 The polynomial p is such that p (x) = 5x 3 + ax 2 + 39x + b , where a and b are constants.
(a) Given that x + 3 is a factor of both p (x) and pl (x) , find the values of a and b. [5]
(c) A line L is a tangent to the circle at point B. Find the equation for line L in the
form ax + by + c = 0 [4]
10
6 In this question all distances are in metres and all times are in seconds.
(a)
v ms–1
V
10
0 30 70 120 ts
(i) The diagram shows the velocity–time (v–t) graph of a particle travelling in a straight line.
The particle travels a distance of 2750 m in 120 s. Find the velocity, V, of the particle
when t = 70 . [2]
(b) A different particle moves in a straight line such that its velocity, v ms -1 , t seconds after leaving a
1
v = t `t 2 + 5j .
2
fixed point O, is given by
(ii) Explain why the particle does not change direction for t 2 0 . [1]
y
4 2
7 (a) Find (5x - 2) - 3 dx , giving your answer in exact form. [4]
2
1
J 4 8 NO
(b) Find y 2
KK +
2x + 1 (2x + 1) 2O
dx , giving your answer in the form a + ln b , where a and b are
0
L P
integers. [5]
(ii) Find how many of these 5-digit numbers are greater than 50 000 and even. [3]
(b) A team of 9 people is to be chosen from 6 doctors, 4 dentists and 2 nurses. Find how many possible
teams include at least 2 doctors, at least 2 dentists and at least 2 nurses. [3]
(i) Given that the sum to n terms of this progression is 4732 lg i , find the value of n. [5]
(ii) This sum is equal to -14196 . Find the exact value of i . [1]
(i) Determine whether this geometric progression has a sum to infinity. [2]
(ii) Find the nth term of this geometric progression, giving your answer in the form 3 A lg z ,
where A is a function of n. [3]
(iii) Find the value of z , given that the 20th term is 3 -18 . [1]
10
y
C i rad
O x
The diagram shows the circle with centre C (– 4, 5) and radius 20 units. The circle intersects the y-axis
at the points A and B. The size of angle ACB is i radians.
(a) Find the equation of the tangent to the circle at the point (–6, 9). [3]
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(d) Find the perimeter and area of the segment shaded in the diagram. [4]
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1(a) 4 B1
1(b) 120o B1
a = 32 B1
9 4 B1
( log3 x ) or ( log x 3) = soi
2 2
=
4 9
3 3x 2 B1
x3 + 3
dy 3 M1 dy
When x = 1 , = oe For finding the value of their
dx 4 dx
y = ln 4 B1
4(a) f 2 B1
p ( −3) : 135 − 6a + 39 = 0 oe B1
a = 29 B1
b = −9 B1
5(b) (
( x + 3) 5x2 + 14 x − 3 ) 2 M1 for attempt by any valid method,
to obtain a quadratic with 2 correct
terms or correct follow through on
their a and b.
1 A1 For both
x = −3,
5
7(b) 2ln ( 2 x + 1) oe B1
4 B1
− oe
2x + 1
8(a)(i) 15 120 B1
Alternative
Total = 116 A1
Alternative
9(a)(i) d = 3lg B1
3n2 + n − 9464 = 0 A1
9(a)(ii) 0.001 oe B1
9(b)(i) 1 B1
r= soi
3
9(b)(ii) n −1 B1
1
(
nth term lg
3
3
)
32−n lg 2 3lg
B1 for ( 3lg ) 31−n or
3n −1
9(b)(iii) 10 B1
Using m1m2 = −1 obtain the gradient of the tangent and use it to form a M1 m1 must be from an attempt to find the gradient of the
straight line equation for a line containing (–6, 9) radius using the centre and the given point.
Obtain y = 12 x + 12 A1 1
OE e.g. y − 9 = ( x + 6) .
2
10(c) Substitute x = 0 in equation of circle to find y-values 3 and 7 B1 May be implied by AB = 4 or use of |x-coordinate of C|.
or state C to AB = 4
Attempt value of either using cosine rule or via 12 using right-angled M1 Using their AB. If /2 used, must be multiplied by 2.
triangle
10(d) Attempt arc length using r formula with their (not their /2) and M1 Expect 4.15.
r = 20
Obtain perimeter = 8.15 or greater accuracy A1 Condone missing units or incorrect units.
Obtain area = 1.27 or greater accuracy A1 Condone missing units or incorrect units.
−
1 1 M1 Substitution SOI if dealt with correctly later
Equate first derivative to zero and reach a solution for x 3 or x3 with no
error in use of indices
2 1
3 1 −
or complete square to find minimum point 2 a − − where a = x 3
4 8
Obtain x = 64
27
A1 Or exact equivalent.
SC B1 if no working shown.
Ignore extra solution x = 0 .
57 - 9x
(b) Solve the inequality 16x - 5x 2 - 3 1 . [4]
6
a+b 5
1+7 5
4+2 5 20
3 (a)
B
b
P
O a A
The diagram shows a triangle OAB. The point P lies on AB. The ratio AP : PB is 1 : 3.
Given that OA = a and OB = b , find an expression for OP in terms of a and b. Simplify your
answer. [2]
J 6N
(b) Vector q has magnitude 12 5 and direction KK OO .
L- 3P
J- 5N
Vector r has magnitude 15 2 and direction KK OO .
L 5P
Find the unit vector in the direction of q + r . [6]
dy
4 (a) (i) Given that y = 3 sin 2 x + cos x , show that y + cot x = k (1 + cos 2 x) , where k is an
dx
integer. [4]
(ii) Using your value of k, solve the equation k (1 + cos 2 x) = 4 for - r G x G r . [4]
x
5 Variables x and y are related by the equation y= . Use differentiation to find the approximate
ln 3x
change in y when x increases from 1 to 1 + h , where h is small. [4]
6 Find the exact area of the region enclosed by the curve y = e 2 - 4x , the x-axis, the line x =- 0.25 and
the line x = 0.5. [4]
2
7 (a) The curves 4x 2 - 3y 2 + xy = 24 and y = intersect at the points P and Q. Find the coordinates
x
of P and Q. [5]
(b) Find the length of PQ. Give your answer in the form a b, where a is rational and b is the smallest
possible integer. [2]
8 Variables y and x are known to be connected by the relationship y = Ab x where A and b are constants.
The table shows values of y for certain values of x.
x 1 3 5 10 12
y 38 150 600 20 500 82 000
lg y
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 x
(b) Use your graph to find values of A and b, giving each to 1 significant figure. [6]
9 In this question all lengths are in centimetres and all angles are in radians.
B
A
0.5
2
O
1
E
D
F
The diagram shows a company logo. Each part of the logo is a sector of a circle with centre O.
(b) Use differentiation to find the minimum possible area of the logo. [5]
(b) Given also that the third term is 1056b 2 x 2 , find the values of n, a and b. [6]
11 A cylinder, open at both ends, has base radius r cm and height 4r cm. Its curved surface area is S cm 2 .
dS dr
Given that r varies with time t, find S at the instant when =6 . [5]
dt dt
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
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publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
1 Unless a particular method has been specified in the question, full marks may be awarded for any correct
method. However, if a calculation is required then no marks will be awarded for a scale drawing.
2 Unless specified in the question, non-integer answers may be given as fractions, decimals or in standard
form. Ignore superfluous zeros, provided that the degree of accuracy is not affected.
3 Allow alternative conventions for notation if used consistently throughout the paper, e.g. commas being
used as decimal points.
4 Unless otherwise indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working
following a correct form of answer is ignored (isw).
5 Where a candidate has misread a number or sign in the question and used that value consistently
throughout, provided that number does not alter the difficulty or the method required, award all marks
earned and deduct just 1 A or B mark for the misread.
6 Recovery within working is allowed, e.g. a notation error in the working where the following line of
working makes the candidate’s intent clear.
The following notes are intended to aid interpretation of mark schemes in general, but individual mark schemes
may include marks awarded for specific reasons outside the scope of these notes.
Types of mark
A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained. For accuracy
marks to be given, the associated Method mark must be earned or implied.
When a part of a question has two or more ‘method’ steps, the M marks are in principle independent unless the
scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly where there are several B marks allocated. The notation ‘dep’
is used to indicate that a particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier mark in the scheme.
Abbreviations
1(a) 8 – 4x = 10 oe soi M1
and
8 – 4x = −10 oe soi
OR
16x2 − 64x − 36= 0 oe
2 a+b 5 20 20(1 + 7 5) B1
= or oe, soi
1+ 7 5 4 + 2 5 4+2 5
20 1 + 7 5 4 − 2 5
M1 condone one slip providing it is not in
the rationalisation factor
4+2 5 4−2 5
1+ 7 5 2 − 5
or 10 oe
2+ 5 2− 5
20(28 5 − 70 + 4 − 2 5) A1
16 − 20
10(14 5 − 35 + 2 − 5)
or oe
4−5
Alternative method
a+b 5 20 (B1)
= oe, soi
1+ 7 5 4 + 2 5
Cross multiplies and multiplies out: (M1) condone one sign or arithmetic error
20 + 140 5 = 4a + 4b 5 + 2a 5 + 10b
3(a) 3 1 B2 1 3
a + b or equivalent simplified B1 for a + (b – a) or b + (a – b)
4 4 4 4
expression oe
or for 3( OP – a) = b – OP oe
3(b) 24 2 1 6
q= oe M1 for 12 5 oe,
−12 6 + (−3) −3
2 2
soi
−15 2 1 −5
r= oe M1 for 15 2 oe,
15 (−5)2 + 52 5
soi
1 9 A1
[unit vector in direction q + r =] oe,
90 3
isw
cos x M1 dy
3sin 2 x + cos x + ( 6sin x cos x − sin x ) FT their of the form
sin x dx
k sin x cos x sin x
and
2 tan ( x − x ) + c nfww A1
δy ln 3 − 1 M1 dy
= oe, soi FT their providing quotient
h (ln 3) 2 dx x =1
rule or appropriate product rule
attempted
6 1 2−4 x
0.5 B2 B1 for ke2− 4 x , k −4
− 4 e oe
−0.25
1 1 A1
− + e3 or exact equivalent, isw
4 4
2 A1
x 2 = 6 oe, nfww or y 2 = nfww
3
4 A1
15
3
9(a) B1
A = 1 x2 0.5 + 1 ( x + 2)2 2 + 1 y 2 [1] soi
2 2 2
9 A1
Equates P to 24 and rearranges: y = 16 − x
2
5 81 A1
A = x 2 + 4 x + 4 + 128 − 72 x + x 2 oe
4 8
leading to given answer
91
A = x 2 − 68 x + 132
8
9(b) dA 91 M1
= x − 68
dx 4
dA M1 dA
Solves = 0 for x FT their providing at least one
dx dx
term is correct
272 90 A1
x= or 2 or
91 91
2764 34 A1
A= or 30 or
91 91
10(a) 1 M1
a n = b 4 and na n −1 = 48b3 oe
a
( ) ( )
2 2
n 2 2 3n 3
−2 48 −6 3
48 3
a 4 = or a 4 =
n n
n 2
−4 48
→ a2 =
n
Correct equation in a, n A1
n(n − 1) n − 2 1
n
a 2 = 1056a 2 oe
2 a
n(n − 1) n
−4 A1
a 2 = 1056 oe →
2
n2 – 12n = 0 or n – 12 = 0 oe A1
n = 12 only A1
11 dS dS dr dS B1
= or = 6 soi
dt dr dt dr
6 A1
r= oe, isw
16π
9 A1
S= oe, isw
8π
2 a+b 5 20 20(1 + 7 5) B1
= or oe, soi
1+ 7 5 4 + 2 5 4+2 5
20 1 + 7 5 4 − 2 5
M1 condone one slip providing it is not in
the rationalisation factor
4+2 5 4−2 5
1+ 7 5 2 − 5
or 10 oe
2+ 5 2− 5
20(28 5 − 70 + 4 − 2 5) A1
16 − 20
10(14 5 − 35 + 2 − 5)
or oe
4−5
Alternative method
a+b 5 20 (B1)
= oe, soi
1+ 7 5 4 + 2 5
Cross multiplies and multiplies out: (M1) condone one sign or arithmetic error
20 + 140 5 = 4a + 4b 5 + 2a 5 + 10b
3(a) 3 1 B2 1 3
a + b or equivalent simplified B1 for a + (b – a) or b + (a – b)
4 4 4 4
expression oe
or for 3( OP – a) = b – OP oe
3(b) 24 2 1 6
q= oe M1 for 12 5 oe,
−12 6 + (−3) −3
2 2
soi
−15 2 1 −5
r= oe M1 for 15 2 oe,
15 (−5)2 + 52 5
soi
1 9 A1
[unit vector in direction q + r =] oe,
90 3
isw
cos x M1 dy
3sin 2 x + cos x + ( 6sin x cos x − sin x ) FT their of the form
sin x dx
k sin x cos x sin x
and
2 tan ( x − x ) + c nfww A1
δy ln 3 − 1 M1 dy
= oe, soi FT their providing quotient
h (ln 3) 2 dx x =1
rule or appropriate product rule
attempted
6 1 2−4 x
0.5 B2 B1 for ke2− 4 x , k −4
− 4 e oe
−0.25
1 1 A1
− + e3 or exact equivalent, isw
4 4
2 A1
x 2 = 6 oe, nfww or y 2 = nfww
3
4 A1
15
3
9(a) B1
A = 1 x2 0.5 + 1 ( x + 2)2 2 + 1 y 2 [1] soi
2 2 2
9 A1
Equates P to 24 and rearranges: y = 16 − x
2
5 81 A1
A = x 2 + 4 x + 4 + 128 − 72 x + x 2 oe
4 8
leading to given answer
91
A = x 2 − 68 x + 132
8
9(b) dA 91 M1
= x − 68
dx 4
dA M1 dA
Solves = 0 for x FT their providing at least one
dx dx
term is correct
272 90 A1
x= or 2 or
91 91
2764 34 A1
A= or 30 or
91 91
10(a) 1 M1
a n = b 4 and na n −1 = 48b3 oe
a
( ) ( )
2 2
n 2 2 3n 3
−2 48 −6 3
48 3
a 4 = or a 4 =
n n
n 2
−4 48
→ a2 =
n
Correct equation in a, n A1
n(n − 1) n − 2 1
n
a 2 = 1056a 2 oe
2 a
n(n − 1) n
−4 A1
a 2 = 1056 oe →
2
n2 – 12n = 0 or n – 12 = 0 oe A1
n = 12 only A1
11 dS dS dr dS B1
= or = 6 soi
dt dr dt dr
6 A1
r= oe, isw
16π
9 A1
S= oe, isw
8π
1
y
–2
The diagram shows the graph of y = a sin bx + c , for - 320° G x G 320° , where a, b and c are
constants. Find the values of a, b and c. [3]
2 Solve the equation 3 `2 2x + 1j - 11 `2 xj + 3 = 0 , giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [4]
3 (a) Find the coordinates of the stationary points on the curve y = (2x + 1) 2 (x - 3) . [4]
(b) On the axes, sketch the graph of y = (2x + 1) 2 (x - 3) , stating the intercepts with the axes. [3]
O x
(c) Write down the values of k for which the equation (2x + 1) 2 (x - 3) = k has exactly one solution.
[2]
2
y
2
4 Find `1 + e 2xj dx , giving your answer in exact form. [5]
0
5 When e 2y is plotted against x 3 , a straight line graph that passes through the points (2, 5) and (6.4, 7.2)
is obtained.
ln `2x 2 + 1j
6 It is given that y = , x ! -2 .
x+2
dy
(a) Find . [3]
dx
(b) Given that x increases from 1 to 1 + h , where h is small, find the approximate corresponding
change in y. [2]
(c) When x = 1, the rate of change in y is 3 units per second. Find the corresponding rate of change
in x. [2]
7 (a) A 6-digit number is to be formed using the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The 6-digit number
cannot start with 0. Each digit can be used at most once in any 6-digit number. Find how many of
these 6-digit numbers are divisible by 5. [3]
(b) The number of combinations of (n + 1) objects taken 13 at a time is equal to 16 times the number
of combinations of n objects taken 12 at a time. Find the value of n. [3]
A particle P moves in a straight line such that, t seconds after leaving a fixed point O, its displacement,
s, is given by s = 4t - 4 cos 2t + 4 .
(b) On the axes, sketch the velocity–time graph for P for 0 G t G r , stating the intercepts with the
axes in exact form. [5]
O r t
(d) Find the times when the acceleration of P is zero for 0 G t G r . Give your answers in terms of r .
[2]
10 (a) In an arithmetic progression, the first term is a and the common difference is d. The sum of the
first three terms of this arithmetic progression is 42. The product of the first three terms of this
arithmetic progression is -6720 .
(ii) Hence, given that a is positive, find the values of a and d. [4]
e 4x e 11x
(b) In a geometric progression, the 3rd term is and the 10th term is . Find the first term and
4 512
the common ratio. [5]
11 Solve the following simultaneous equations, giving your answers in exact form.
8 log 3 x + 12 log 81 y = 5
J N
12 Solve the equation sec KK3i - OO = 2 for - G i G . Give your answers in exact form.
r r r
[5]
2 2 2
L P
dx differentiate a product or
dy expansion and then differentiate.
12 x 2 16 x 11
dx
3(c) k 0 B1
686 B1 686
k or k 25.4 FT on their or 25.4
27 27
from part (a)
3 4 e8 A1
e
4 4
1 A1 For both
m , c4
2
1 x3 A1
y ln 4 oe
2 2
5(b) x3 M1 x3
40 Allow their 4> 0
2 2
x 2 A1
6(a) 4x 3 4x
x 2 ln 2 x 2 1
2x
B1 for
2
1 2x 2
1
x 2 2
M1 for correct attempt at a
quotient or equivalent product
A1 for all other terms correct
6(b) dy 4 ln 3 B1
When x 1, or 0.322
dx 9
4 ln 3 B1 4 ln 3
h or 0.322h FT on their or 0.322
9 9
6(c) dx 3 M1
dt their 0.322
9.31 or 9.32 A1
Ending in 5: 13440 or 8 P1 8 P4 or B1
8 8 7 6 5 oe
Total: 28560 B1
8 When x 2 , y 12 B1
dy 15 1 2 1
15
5x 6 2 M1 for k 5 x 6
2 , k
dx 2 2
dy 15 A1
When x 2, ,
dx 8
212 2 A1
When x 2 k or 14
15 15
10(a)(i) a d 14 soi B1
a a d a 2d 6720 B1
10(b) e4 x B1
ar 2
4
e11x B1
ar 9
512
ex A1
r
2
a e2 x A1
8log 3 x 3log 3 y 5 oe B1
2log 3 x 3log 3 y 2 oe B1
Alternative
log 3 y12 B1
12log81 y oe or
4
log 3 x 4
4log 9 x oe
2
x 32 y12 320 or x8 y 3 35 oe B1
x 4 y 6 34 or x 2 y 3 32 oe B1
12 π 1 B1
cos 3 oe soi
2 2
1 The point A has coordinates (1, 4) and the point B has coordinates (5, 6). The perpendicular bisector of
AB intersects the x-axis at the point C and the y-axis at the point D. Given that O is the origin, find the
area of triangle OCD. [5]
2 Given that the equation kx 2 + (2k - 1) x + k + 1 = 0 has no real roots, find the set of possible values
of k. [4]
3 (a)
y
10
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
-1
-2
-3
10
(a) Find and simplify the term independent of x in the expansion of ex 2 - o .
1
4 [2]
2x 3
to be found. [4]
`1 + 2 2j - `1 - 2 2j
4 4
(ii) Hence write in the form a + b 2 , where a and b are integers. [2]
1+ 2
1 + 2 sin 2 x r r
5 (a) The function f is defined by f (x) = for - 1 x 1 .
cos 2 x 2 2
2
(i) Show that f (x) can be written as a tan x + b , where a and b are integers. [2]
(iii) Hence also find the gradient of the curve y = f (x) at each of the points where y = 4 . [4]
(a) Given that x - 3 and x+1 are both factors of 2x 3 - 3x 2 - 8x - 3, solve the equation
2x 3 - 3x 2 - 8x - 3 = 0 . [2]
(b) The polynomial p (x) = x 3 + ax 2 + bx + c , where a, b and c are constants, has remainder - 5
4
when divided by x - 1. The curve y = p (x) has stationary points at x = and x = 2 .
3
(i) Find the values of a, b and c. [7]
(ii) Hence use the second derivative test to show that the stationary point at x = 2 is a minimum.
[2]
7
C
i rad
O A B
5 cm 4 cm
(b)
C
i rad
O A B
5 cm 4 cm
The straight line AC is added to the diagram and the region ACD is now shaded.
Find the perimeter of the shaded region ACD. [5]
d2y
b l e
3r r o
r dy 3
8 A curve is such that 2 = cos 4x - 4 . Given that dx = 4 at the point 16 , 4 on the curve, find
dx
the equation of the curve. [7]
9
y
-1 x=9
y = 4 + `3x - 1j
O B x
The diagram shows a sketch of part of the curve y = 4 + (3x - 1) -1 and the line x = 9 .
The point A has x-coordinate 1. The tangent to the curve at A meets the x-axis at the point B.
Find the area of the shaded region. [10]
10
A B
O D C
The diagram shows a parallelogram OABC. The point D divides the line OC in the ratio 2 : 3.
OA = a and OC = c
The point P lies on AD such that OP = m OB and AP = nAD , where m and n are scalars.
Find two expressions for OP , each in terms of a, c and a scalar, and hence show that P divides both
DA and OB in the ratio m : n, where m and n are integers to be found. [7]
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
The following notes are intended to aid interpretation of mark schemes in general, but individual mark schemes
may include marks awarded for specific reasons outside the scope of these notes.
Types of mark
A Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained. For accuracy
marks to be given, the associated Method mark must be earned or implied.
When a part of a question has two or more ‘method’ steps, the M marks are in principle independent unless the
scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly where there are several B marks allocated. The notation ‘dep’
is used to indicate that a particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier mark in the scheme.
Abbreviations
1 y 5 2 x 3 oe 3 5 1 6 4
M1 for midpoint , or 3, 5
2 2
1
M1for m oe or 2
1
2
1 A1
k> mark final answer
8
9
shape with vertex at (4, 0)
8
A1 Correct graph with y-intercept at
7 (0, 4)
6
5 M1 for y 2 x 5 :
4 shape with vertex at (2.5, 0)
3
2
A1 Correct graph with y-intercept at
(0, 5)
1
x
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1
-2
4(a) 105 2 1
4
isw or 13.125 oe B1 for 10C4 ( x 2 )6 3 oe
8 2x
or
1 4( 2 2) 6( 2 2) 2 4( 2 2)3
( 2 2) 4
soi
1 8 2 48 64 2 64 or A1
1 8 2 48 64 2 64
144 2 nfww A1
x π , π or 0.785[39…] nfww
A2 A1 for each, ignoring extra solutions
4 4
and no other solutions
M1 for
f ( x) k tan x sec2 x where k ≠ 2their 3
5(b) Correct use of sin 2 cos2 1 to form M1 Condone one sign or arithmetic error in
a 3-term quadratic in sin in solvable rearrangement
form
50sin 2 5sin 3 0 oe
4
2
4 B1 OR forms the product (3x – 4)(x – 2) = 0
3 2a b 0
3 3
3x 2 10 x 8 0
Solves to find the value of one unknown M1 FT their linear equations in a and b oe
a = 5, b = 8 A1
[1 – 5 + 8 + c = 5] A1
c = 9
7(a) 1 2 1 M2 1 2 1 2
9 52 4π oe, soi M1 for 9 or 5 oe,
2 2 2 2
soi
π A1
oe or 0.449 or 0.4487 to 0.4488
7
7(b) 5π 2 π
[Arc AD = ] M1 for [Arc AD = ] 5 their FT any
7 7
stated value of from (a)
8 π 1 π B2 B1 for
cos 4 x dx sin 4 x c
4 4 4 π 1
k sin 4 x where k > 0 or k
4 4
1 π 1 2 M1 FT for
cos 4 x x A π 1
16 4 2 m cos 4 x their x A
4 2
π
FT their k sin 4 x their c
4
providing at least B1 M1 awarded
1 π 1 5π 2 M1 FT for
y cos 4 x x oe, cao
16 4 2 32 π 1 3π π 1 3π
cos A
4 16 4 4 2 16
FT
π
their m cos 4 x
1
their x A
4 2
providing previous M1 awarded
9 dy M2 dy
(3 x 1) 2 3 M1 for k (3 x 1) 2 where k > 0
dx dx
dy 3 9 A1 dy
[When x = 1] and y = FT their providing M1 has been
dx 4 2 dx
awarded
Equation of tangent: M1 dy
FT the value of their at x = 1
9 3 dx
y ( x 1) oe isw
2 4 and their y
B(7, 0) oe A1
Correct and actioned plan e.g. M1 dep on at least previous B1 and correct
27 plan or correct FT area of triangle oe
F(9) – F(1) – their
2
1 1 A1
18 ln13
2 3
or 19.4 or 19.35[49...]
10 OP a + c oe B1
2 B2 2
OP a a + c oe B1 for OP a a + their c
5 5
Equates components: A1
2
1 and
5
5 2 A2 5 2
and A1 for or
7 7 7 7
DP : PA = 2 : 5 = OP : PB oe
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(iii) Find the set of values of x satisfying the inequality 6f ′ x + 2f −1 x − 5 < 0. [6]
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f : x → 12 x − 2,
g : x → 4 + x − 12 x2 .
(i) Find the points of intersection of the graphs of y = f x and y = g x. [3]
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(ii) Find the set of values of x for which f x > g x. [2]
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(iii) Find an expression for fg x and deduce the range of fg. [4]
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(iv) Find the smallest value of k for which h has an inverse. [2]
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(i) Express 7 − 2x2 − 12x in the form a − 2 x + b2 , where a and b are constants. [2]
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(ii) State the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve y = f x. [1]
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(iii) State the smallest value of k for which g has an inverse. [1]
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(iii) Solve the equation ff x = 51, giving your answer in the form a + ïb. [5]
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11 (i) Express 2x2 − 12x + 11 in the form a x + b2 + c, where a, b and c are constants. [3]
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(ii) State the largest value of the constant k for which f is a one-one function. [1]
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(iii) For this value of k find an expression for f −1 x and state the domain of f −1 . [4]
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(iv) With k now taking the value 1, find the largest value of the constant p which allows the composite
function fg to be formed, and find an expression for fg x whenever this composite function
exists. [3]
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(ii) State the largest value of k for which f is a decreasing function. [1]
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2
(iv) The function g is defined by g x = for x > 1. Find an expression for gf x and state the
x−1
range of gf. [4]
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(i) Obtain expressions for f −1 x and g−1 x, stating the value of x for which g−1 x is not defined.
[4]
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(ii) Hence find the set of values of x for which f x < 9, giving your answer in exact form. [3]
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48
4 The function f is defined by f x = for 3 ≤ x ≤ 7. The function g is defined by g x = 2x − 4 for
x−1
a ≤ x ≤ b, where a and b are constants.
(i) Find the greatest value of a and the least value of b which will permit the formation of the
composite function gf. [2]
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It is now given that the conditions for the formation of gf are satisfied.
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(iii) Find an expression for fg−1 x, giving your answer in the same form as for part (ii). [3]
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2 The function g is defined by g x = x2 − 6x + 7 for x > 4. By first completing the square, find an
expression for g−1 x and state the domain of g−1 . [5]
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9 (a) Express 2x2 + 12x + 11 in the form 2 x + a2 + b, where a and b are constants. [2]
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(c) For the case where k = −1, solve the equation fg x = 193. [2]
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(d) State the largest value of k possible for the composition fg to be defined. [1]
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where k is a constant.
(a) Given that the range of the function g f is gf (x) H 39 , find the value of k. [4]
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(b) For this value of k, determine the range of the function f g. [2]
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(c) The function h is defined for all real values of x and is such that gh (x) = 35x + 19 .
Find an expression for g -1 (x) and hence, or otherwise, find an expression for h (x) . [3]
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© UCLES 2024 9709/12/F/M/24 [Turn over
Page 855 l Nayeem Sir
7
O x
2
The function f is defined by f (x) = + 4 for x 1 0 . The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) .
x2
(a) On this diagram, sketch the graph of y = f -1 (x) . Show any relevant mirror line. [2]
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(d) Explain why the equation f -1 (x) = f (x) has no solution. [1]
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11
O x
4 3
A function is defined by f (x) = - + 2 for x ! 0 . The graph of y = f (x) is shown in the diagram.
x3 x
(a) Find the set of values of x for which f (x) is decreasing. [5]
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f (x) = x - 1 for x 2 1.
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y
O x
1
The diagram shows the graph of y = g (x) where g (x) = 2 for x ! R .
x +2
(b) State the range of g and explain whether g -1 exists. [2]
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© UCLES 2024 9709/12/M/J/24
Page 875 l Nayeem Sir
7
1
The function h is defined by h (x) = 2 for x H 0 .
x +2
(c) Solve the equation hf (x) = f e o. Give your answer in the form a + b c , where a, b and c are
25
16
integers. [4]
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(a) Determine the set of values of x for which f (x) is decreasing. [4]
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(a) Find the set of values of x for which y decreases as x increases. [4]
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© UCLES 2024 ĬãÐûÑğĕěÚóĊÅåÂġËĥĂ 9709/11/O/N/24
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* 0000800000013 *
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© UCLES 2024 ĬãÏüÙĩęīßą÷ĄñºµËĕĂ
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9709/11/O/N/24 [Turn over
* 0000800000016 *
(a) Express f (x) in the form a - b (x - c) 2 , where a, b and c are constants, and state the range
of f. [3]
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(b) The graph of y = f (x) is transformed to the graph of y = h (x) by a reflection in one of the axes
followed by a translation. It is given that the graph of y = h (x) has a minimum point at the origin.
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© UCLES 2024 ĬãÏüÔīĜĦÏûĆġë·ÇīĕĂ 9709/11/O/N/24
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* 0000800000017 *
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(c) Sketch the graph of y = g (x) and explain why g is a one-one function. You are not required to find
the coordinates of any intersections with the axes. [2]
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(d) Sketch the graph of y = g -1 (x) on your diagram in (c), and find an expression for g -1 (x) .
You should label the two graphs in your diagram appropriately and show any relevant mirror line.
[4]
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* 0000800000006 *
2x + 1 1
5 The function f is defined by f (x) = for x 1 .
2x - 1 2
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(ii)
y
4
−2
−4
The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) . Sketch the graph of y = f -1 (x) on this diagram.
(iii) Find an expression for f -1 (x) and state the domain of the function f -1 . [4]
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9709/12/O/N/24
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[Turn over
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9709/12/O/N/24
9709/12 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme March 2018
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks Guidance
x = −1 A1
x =1/ 3 A1 1
[Alt 1: dy / dx = −1 / x 2 = c , when c = −1, x = ±1, c = −9, x = ±
3
Give M1 for equating the gradients, A1 for all four answers and
M1A1 for checking and eliminating]
[Alt 2: dy / dx = −1 / x 2 = c leading to
1 / x − 1 / x 2 = ( −1 / x 2 ) ( x ) − 3
Give M1 A1 at this stage and M1A1 for solving]
10(i)(a) f(x) > 2 B1 Accept y > 2, (2, ∞), (2, ∞], range > 2
10(i)(b) g(x) > 6 B1 Accept y > 6, (6, ∞), (6, ∞], range > 6
10(i)(c) 2 < fg(x) < 4 B1 Accept 2 < y <4, (2, 4), 2 < range < 4
10(iii) −8 B1 SOI
f ′( x) = 2
( x − 2)
8 8 8 M1 Order of operations correct. Accept sign errors
y= +2 → y−2= → x−2=
x−2 x−2 y−2
8 A1 SOI
f −1 ( x ) = +2
x−2
( x − 6 )( x − 14 ) or 6, 14 A1 SOI
11(i) dy / dx = [ −2] − 3 (1 − 2 x ) ×[ −2] (= 4 − 24 x + 24 x 2 ) B2,1,0 Award for the accuracy within each set of square brackets
2
At x = ½ dy / dx = ‒2 B1
9 x x2
f:x↦ − 2, g:x↦4+x–
2 2
→ (4, 0) and (−3, −3.5) A1 A1 A1 For both x values or a correct pair. A1 all.
Trial and improvement, B3 all correct or B0
9(ii) f(x) > g(x) for x > 4, x < −3 B1, B1 B1 for each part. Loses a mark for ⩽ or ⩾.
1 1 A1 1 1
→y= → Range of fg ⩽ , CAO, OE e.g. y - , [–∞, ) etc.
4 4 4 4
164.6 – 76.8 = 87.8 awrt B1 awrt 87.8 with little or no working can be awarded 3/3. SC Final
answers that round to 88 with little or no working can be awarded
2/3.
7(i) 25 – 2(x + 3)² B1 B1 Mark expression if present: B1 for 25 and B1 for – 2(x + 3)².
If no expression award a = 25 B1 and b = 3 B1.
7(iii) (k) = –3 also allow x or k ⩾ – 3 B1FT FT from answer to (i) or (ii) NOT x = –3
7(iv) EITHER
OR
−12 ± 122 − 8 ( y − 7 ) DM1 Correct use of their ‘a, b and c’ in quadratic formula.
x= Allow just + in place of ±.
4
10(ii) 2
y = ( x − 2) + 2 → x − 2 = ( ± ) y − 2 → x = ( ± ) y − 2 + 2 M1 Order of operations correct. Allow sign errors
f −1 ( x ) = x − 2 + 2 A1 Accept y = x−2 +2
10(iii) 2
( x − 2 )2 + 2 − 2 + 2 = 51 SOI Allow 1 term missing for M mark M1A1 ALT. f ( x ) = f −1 ( 51) ( M1) = 51 − 2 + 2 (A1)
2
(
Or x 2 − 4 x + 6 ) ( )
− 4 x 2 − 4 x + 6 + 6 = 51
4 A1 2
( x − 2) = 49 or ( x 2 − 4 x + 4) 2 = 49 ( x − 2) + 2 = 49 + 2 OR f(x) = 9
OR x − 8 x + 24 x − 32 x − 33 = 0 often implied by next line
4 3 2
= 7 OR x = f −1 ( 9 )
2 A1 2
( x − 2) = ( ± ) 7 OR x 2 − 4 x − 3 = 0 . Ignore x 2 − 4 x + 11 = 0 ( x − 2)
Equation of normal is y − 2 = ½ ( x − 2 3 ) M1 Line through (⅔, their 2) and with grad ‒1/m. Dep on m from
diffn
1 5 A1
y= x+
2 3
11(i)
[ 2] ( x − 3)2 [ −7] B1B1B1
11(iii) 2 2
y = 2 ( x − 3) − 7 → ( x − 3) = ½ ( y + 7 ) or with x/y transposed M1 Ft their a, b, c. Order of operations correct. Allow sign errors
x = 3 ± ½ ( y + 7 ) Allow 3 + √ or 3 ‒√ or with x/y transposed DM1 Ft their a, b, c. Order of operations correct. Allow sign errors
f −1 ( x ) = 3 − ½ ( x + 7 ) A1
(Domain is x) . their − 7 B1FT Allow other forms for interval but if variable appears must be x
fg ( x ) = f ( x + 3) = 2 x 2 − 7 cao B1
0 = tan(−bπ / 6) + √ 3 taken as far as tan −1 , angle units consistent M1 A0 if tan −1 − 3 is not exact; (b=2 no working scores
( )
B2)
b=2 A1
8(iii) 2
y = ( x − 2) + 3 ⇒ x − 2 = ( ± ) y − 3 M1
Since f ( x ) > 4 ⇒ gf ( x ) < 2 / 3 (or since x < 1etc ) M1A1 2/3 in answer implies M1 www
range of gf(x) is 0 < gf(x)( < 2/3) B1 Accept 0 < y < 2/3, (0, 2/3) but 0 < x < 2/3 is
SCM1A1B0
9(i) V = ( π ) ∫ x 3 + x 2 ( dx )
( ) M1 Attempt ∫ y 2 dx
x 4 x3
3 A1
(π ) +
4 3 0
(π ) ( −0 )
81 DM1 May be implied by a correct answer
+9
4
7(i) x+2 B1
(f−1(x)) = oe
3
7(ii) 3 ( 2 x + 3) 7 B1
( fg ( x ) = ) x −1
– 2 (= )
3
7 13 B1
(f−1( )) =
3 9
2 x + 3 13 M1 13
= → 9(2x + 3)= 13(x – 1) (→ 5x = – 40) Correct method from g ( x ) = their leading to a
x −1 9 9
linear equation and collect like terms.
x = −8 A1
1(ii) ( x − 2)
2
< 5 → − 5 < x − 2 and/or x − 2 < 5 M1 Allow e.g. x − 2 < ± 5 , x ‒ 2 = ± 5 and decimal equivalents for √5
For M1, ft from their(i). Also allow √13 instead of √5 for clear slip
2− 5 < x<2+ 5 A1A1 A1 for each inequality – allow two separate statements but there must
be 2 inequalities for x. Non-hence methods, if completely correct,
score SC 1/3. Condone -
[3]
Min(b) is 24 B1 Allow b = 24 or b . 24
4(ii) 96 100 − 4 x B1 48
gf(x) = − 4 or gf(x) = 2 − 4 is insufficient
x −1 x −1 x −1
Apply ISW
96 A1 100 + x
( gf )−1 ( x ) = +1 OR . Must be a function of x. Apply ISW
x+4 x+4
7(i) Range of f is 0 < f(x) < 3 B1B1 OE. Range cannot be defined using x
−1 2x A1
(( fg ) ( x )) =
3 − 5x
1(ii) 2 M1 2
( )
1 + 6 px − 2 x 2 + 15 px − 2 x 2( ) (
SOI. Allow 6C1 ×15 px − 2 x 2 , 6C2 ×14 px − 2 x 2
( ) )
(15 p 2
)
− 12 ( x 2 ) = 48 x 2 ( ) A1 1 term from each bracket and equate to 48
2
( y = ) ( x − 3)2 [ −2] *B1 DB1 dependent on 3 in 1st bracket
DB1
−1 A1 Must be in terms of x
(g ( x )) = 3 + x+2
Domain (of g −1 ) is (x) > ‒1 B1 Allow (‒1, ∞). Do not allow y > ‒1 or g(x) > ‒1 or
g −1 ( x ) > ‒1
9(b) Obtaining ( 3 ( 5 x − 1) − 2 ) + their k M1 May simplify and/or use k at this stage; k may have come
2
5(a) sin 2 x cos x 1 1 cos 2 x cos x 1 cos 2 x cos x M1 For use of sin 2 x cos 2 x 1 .
or
1 cos x 1 cos x 1 cos x Allow use of s, c, t or omission of x throughout.
= cos x A1
5(b) 1 1 M1
cos x ⇒ x cos 1 1
2 4 2
x 120 or x 240 A1
2 A1
f 1 x
x4
6(c) x 2 B1
6(d) Because f 1 is always negative and f is always positive or curves do not B1 Accept other correct answers e.g. ‘f is only defined for
intersect positive values of x and f–1 is only defined for negative
values of x’ or ‘domains do not overlap’ or ‘the y values
cannot be the same’ or ‘the x values cannot be the same’.
10
x 32 y2 18 y mx 9 leading to x 3 mx 9 18
2 2 M1 Finding equation of tangent and substituting into circle
equation.
Must be mx 9 .
6 18m
2
4 m 2 1 72 0 *M1 Use of b 2 4 ac . Not in quadratic formula. m cannot be
numeric, c must be numeric.
6, 3 ,
6 3 A1
,
5 5
4(b) 1 1 1 B1
Do not allow g x 0, g x
1
0 g x or g x 0 and g x or 0, .
2 2 2 2
1
Do not allow g x 0 or g x .
2
Condone g or y in place of g x .
g–1 does not exist because it is one to many or B1 g–1 can be replaced by ‘It’ throughout.
g–1 does not exist because it is not one to one.
Or A correct statement followed by any further incorrect
g–1 does not exist because g is not one to one or explanation can be awarded B1.
g–1 does not exist because g is many to one or
g–1 does not exist because g fails the horizontal line test.
4(c) 25 1 B1 SOI
f
16 4
1 1 M1 1
Equating , or their ‘simplified’
2 2
x 1 2 4 x 1 2
25
version, to their f .
16
x 1 2 2 4 leading to
A1 Simplification as far as x =…
2
x 1 2 leading to x 1 2
9 B1
x 1 ,
4
9 9 9 DB1FT OE
1 x or x 1 and x or 1, Condone consistent use of ⩽ and ⩾ or [ ].
4 4 4 9 9
Do not allow x 1or x nor x 1, x .
4 4
FT on their values coming from a correct initial
statement.
1 1 3 12 C
3 M1 f x 1 equated to their integrated expression,
defined by two terms with at least one correct power
+ C, with x = 1.
f x 2 x 3 3x 2 3 A1 CAO
3
f x 24 x 2 78 x 54 leading to f x 8 x3 39 x 2 54 x C (B2,1,0) B2 completely correct, B1 any two correct terms.
10(a) x 2 B1
dy 1
3 1
M1* OE
k 5 2x 2 2 2 5 2 x 2 1
dx Differentiating to get k 5 2 x 2 only.
5 A1 AWRT
or 0.556 =
9
8(b) Use correct identity to obtain 3-term quadratic equation in sin *M1
Obtain 195.5 A1
28 A1 28
Obtain k = SC B1 for k = from solving 5 + 12 x − 9 x 2 = 9
9 9
without simplifying to a 3-term quadratic.
5 − 5R M1 OE
(5 + d )R = 5 + 4d → d = , ( 5 + d ) R 2 = 5 + 10 d → R2 – 3R + 2 [= 0] Eliminates d.
R−4
Obtain d = 2.5 A1
11(a) 3 B1
Obtain b = 2 and c =
2
2 B1
15 3
Obtain − 2 x −
2 2
11(c) Sketch the correct graph appearing in second and third quadrants only B1
State that each y-value is associated with a single x-value or equivalent B1 Accept passes the horizontal line test.
Ignore passes the vertical line test.
11(d) Sketch the correct graph with suitable labelling to distinguish the two curves B1 Appearing in third and fourth quadrants only.
Attempt correct process for finding the inverse function M1 Allowing use of and y so far.
4(b) 6 3
3 3
6.5.4 3 B1 OE
20 or x3 2 or x6 May be in a list.
3 x 3! x3
540 B1 1
= Identifying term.
x3 x3
This can be implied by sight of 2160 as part of the constant
term.
5(a)(ii) 4
y
B1 For showing the correct mirror line.
2 B1 For correct shape: the curves should intersect in the first square
in the third quadrant. To the left of the point of intersection, the
−10 −8 −6 −4 −2 2 4 reflection is below the original and crosses the x-axis. To the
right of the point of intersection, the reflection is to the right the
−2
original.
−4
1 1 A1 OE
+
x −1 2 Allow ‘ f −1 ’or ‘y =’ but NOT ‘x =’, nor fractions within
fractions.
5(b) 1 B1
gf = −7
4
2x + 1 M1 2x + 1 1
= −7 Equating to their gf .
2x −1 2x −1 4
3 A1 OE
x =
8
1 B1
gf = −7
4
x= f −1
( −7) M1
x= f −1 1
their gf
4
3 A1 OE
x =
8