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Overview of Grammar Types and Usage

The document outlines various types of grammars, focusing on descriptive grammar, which systematically describes language structure based on how people actually use it. It contrasts prescriptive grammar, which dictates rules of correctness, with descriptive grammar that reflects socially accepted usage. Key features of descriptive grammar include observation of speech, absence of value judgments, and allowance for variation.

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22 views8 pages

Overview of Grammar Types and Usage

The document outlines various types of grammars, focusing on descriptive grammar, which systematically describes language structure based on how people actually use it. It contrasts prescriptive grammar, which dictates rules of correctness, with descriptive grammar that reflects socially accepted usage. Key features of descriptive grammar include observation of speech, absence of value judgments, and allowance for variation.

Uploaded by

thanhulis020785
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Types of Grammars

1. Prescriptive grammar
2. Descriptive grammar
3. Traditional grammar
4. Immediate constituent grammar (I.C.G.)
5. Transformational grammar
6. Functional grammar
Descriptive Grammar

Learning English adjectives is more Explanations???


harder than Vietnamese ones.
1. Right or Wrong???
A1: Right because people can
understand the meaning.
A2: Wrong in terms of
grammar.
2. Understandable???
A: Yes, socially accepted.
Descriptive grammar

1. Descriptive grammar is a systematic description


of the structure of the language.
Definition 2. Grammar came to mean the system of
word structures and word arrangements
of a given language at a given time.
3. It appeared at the end of the 19th century.

(Valeika, L., & Buitkiene, J., 2003)


Descriptive grammar

1. Observe how people speak (socially


accepted)
Features
2. Describe usage without value judgments
3. Allow for variation

 Constitutive rules
Kiss (when the sun don’t shine) [Chorus]
I only kiss kiss kiss when the sun
don't shine
Oh Ohoh! Oh Ohoh!
You wanna kiss kiss kiss then
tonight is fine
Oh Ohoh! Oh Ohoh!
…
Can live without it
I don't want a full time love
Cause it's not on my mind now
baby
You know my freedom
Is what I'm thinking of
And I ain't got the time now
baby
…
Please speak louder!
I can’t hear nothing!!!

P.G. D.G.

1. Ungrammatical 1. Grammatical
2. Not allow double 2. Socially accepted
negatives in one sentence
P.G. D.G.
1. Prescribes rules governing 1. Describe the rules that
what people should/ govern what people do or
shouldn’t say can say
2. Tell what should be in the 2. Tell what is in the language
language
3. In written language 3. In spoken language or
dialects
Further discussion

1. It's time for you and I to talk this over.


2. This site uses a Google Maps interface for
users to quickly locate international, national,
regional, or local news.
3. Then she cursed and screamed and told my
grandma she didn’t want to live no more.

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