SHREE SWAMI ATMANAND SARSWATI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, SURAT
Branch: IT 21
Subject Name: DM Date: 17/1/2025
Tutorial-4
1 Show that the premises “Everyone in this discrete mathematics class has taken a course in computer
science” and “Marla is a student in this class” imply the conclusion “Marla has taken a course in
computer science.”
2 Define Functionally complete set of connectives, Principal Disjunctive Normal Form (PDNF). Obtain
PDNF for the expression ~((𝑝 ∧ 𝑞) ∨ (~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞)) ∨ (𝑞 ∧ 𝑟)).
3 Find the CNF of the form ¬(𝑝 ∨ 𝑞) ↔ (𝑝 ∧ 𝑞).
4 For the universe of integers, let p(x), q(x), r(x), s(x) and t(x) be the following open statements:
p(x): x > 0;
q(x): x is even;
r(x): x is a perfect square;
s(x): x is divisible by 4;
t(x): x is divisible by 5.
Write the following statements in symbolic form:
(i) At least one integer is even
(ii) There exists a positive integer that is even
(iii) If x is even then x is not divisible by 5
(iv) No even integer is divisible by 5
(v) There exists an even integer divisible by 5.
5 Rewrite the following statements using quantifier variables and predicate symbols:
1) All birds can fly.
2) Some women are genius.
3) There is a student who likes Discrete Mathematics but not Probability and Statistics.
4) Each integer is either even or odd.
6 If M(x): “x is man”, C(x):” x is cleaver”. Then translate the following statement into English
1. ∃ 𝑥 (𝑀(𝑥) → 𝐶(𝑥))
2. ∀ 𝑥 (𝑀(𝑥) ∧ C(x))
7 Identify the statement (¬𝑞⋀(𝑝 → 𝑞)) → ¬𝑝 is tautology or contradiction without constructing the
truth table.
8 Symbolize the following expressions
“𝑥 is the father of the mother of 𝑦”
1
where
P(𝑥): 𝑥 is a person.
F(𝑥,y): 𝑥 is the father of 𝑦.
M(𝑥,y): 𝑥 is the mother of 𝑦.
9 A function 𝑓: ℝ+ → ℝ is defined by𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 8. Check whether 𝑓 is one-one and onto.
ANS : One-one but not Onto.
10 Define even and odd functions. Determine whether the 𝑓: 𝕀 → ℝ+ defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 7 is one-to-
one or onto or bijective.
11 Define one-one function. Show that the function 𝑓: ℝ → ℝ, 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 7 is one- one and onto
both. Also find its inverse.
12 Is function ∶ ℝ − {− 3} → ℝ − {3} , 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥+2
one-one and onto? If yes then find its inverse.
2 2 2𝑥+3
3𝑥−2
ANS: 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3−2𝑥
13 Let 𝑌 = {𝑛2 : 𝑛 ∈ ℕ} and 𝑓: ℕ → 𝑌 defined as𝑓(𝑛) = 𝑛2 . Show that 𝑓 is invertible and find the inverse
of 𝑓
ANS: 𝑓 −1 : 𝑌 → ℕ; 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √𝑥
14 Show that the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 14 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ are inverses of one another.
15 Let 𝑓: ℝ → ℝ be function defined by𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏. Find values of 𝑎 and 𝑏 for which 𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 = 𝐼𝑅 .
16 Find the composition of two functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 , (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) and (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥). Hence,
show that (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(𝑥) ≠ (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(𝑥).
17 Define Composite function. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 , ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 1, then find (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔) ∘ ℎ and
𝑓 ∘ (𝑔 ∘ ℎ).
18 Find the domain of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = √81 − 𝑥 2 .
ANS: [-9,9]
19 Show that the function 𝑓: ℝ → ℝ+ ∪ {0} defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| is not invertible. Modify the domain
or codomain of 𝑓 so that it becomes invertible.
