Science Test

Part 1
Section 1: Life Science

1. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

 A. Producing energy for the cell

 B. Controlling the passage of materials into and out of the cell
 C. Storing genetic information
 D. Synthesizing proteins

2. Which process results in the production of two identical daughter cells?

 A. Meiosis
 B. Fertilization
 C. Mitosis
 D. Photosynthesis

3. In which part of the cell does photosynthesis occur?

 A. Mitochondria
 B. Nucleus
 C. Chloroplast
 D. Ribosome

4. What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

 A. Water
 B. Sunlight
 C. Soil
 D. Wind

Section 2: Physical Science

5. What is the atomic number of an element?

 A. The number of protons in its nucleus

 B. The number of electrons in its outer shell
 C. The sum of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
 D. The number of neutrons in its nucleus

6. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

 A. Melting ice
  B. Shredding paper
 C. Rusting iron
 D. Boiling water

7. Newton’s First Law of Motion states that:

 A. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

 B. An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless
acted on by an outside force
 C. Force equals mass times acceleration
 D. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed

8. What is the pH level of a neutral solution?

 A. 0
 B. 7
 C. 14
 D. 3

Section 3: Earth and Space Science

9. Which layer of the Earth is composed mostly of iron and nickel?

 A. Crust
 B. Mantle
 C. Outer core
 D. Inner core

10. Which of the following best describes the main cause of seasons on Earth?

 A. The changing distance between the Earth and the Sun

 B. The tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun
 C. The shape of the Earth's orbit around the Sun
 D. The gravitational pull of the Moon

11. Which gas is most abundant in the Earth's atmosphere?

 A. Oxygen
 B. Nitrogen
 C. Carbon dioxide
 D. Hydrogen

12. What is the term for a naturally occurring, solid mass of mineral or mineral-like
matter?

 A. Rock
  B. Ore
 C. Gem
 D. Sediment

Answer Key

1. B. Controlling the passage of materials into and out of the cell

2. C. Mitosis
3. C. Chloroplast
4. B. Sunlight
5. A. The number of protons in its nucleus
6. C. Rusting iron
7. B. An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion unless
acted on by an outside force
8. B. 7
9. D. Inner core
10. B. The tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun
11. B. Nitrogen
12. A. Rock

Part 2
Section 1: Life Science

1. Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?

 A. Proteins
 B. Lipids
 C. Carbohydrates
 D. Nucleic acids

2. In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?

 A. Nucleus
 B. Mitochondria
 C. Chloroplast
 D. Golgi apparatus

3. Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic organism?

 A. Plant
 B. Animal
 C. Bacterium
 D. Fungus
4. What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

 A. DNA replication
 B. Protein synthesis
 C. Energy production
 D. Lipid metabolism

5. What process do plants use to convert sunlight into chemical energy?

 A. Cellular respiration
 B. Photosynthesis
 C. Fermentation
 D. Digestion

6. What is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms?

 A. Atom
 B. Molecule
 C. Cell
 D. Organ

7. Which phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes aligning at the cell’s equator?

 A. Prophase
 B. Metaphase
 C. Anaphase
 D. Telophase

8. What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

 A. Ionic bonds
 B. Covalent bonds
 C. Hydrogen bonds
 D. Peptide bonds

9. Which part of a plant is primarily responsible for water absorption?

 A. Stem
 B. Leaf
 C. Root
 D. Flower

10. Which human body system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes?

 A. Digestive system
 B. Respiratory system
  C. Circulatory system
 D. Nervous system

11. What is the primary function of red blood cells?

 A. Fighting infections
 B. Clotting blood
 C. Transporting oxygen
 D. Removing waste

12. Which process involves the movement of water molecules through a selectively
permeable membrane?

 A. Diffusion
 B. Osmosis
 C. Active transport
 D. Endocytosis

13. What is the function of the human skeletal system?

 A. Producing hormones
 B. Storing calcium
 C. Providing support and protection
 D. Filtering waste from the blood

14. Which type of tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses in the body?

 A. Epithelial tissue
 B. Muscle tissue
 C. Nervous tissue
 D. Connective tissue

15. What is the main purpose of white blood cells?

 A. Transporting oxygen
 B. Clotting blood
 C. Fighting infections
 D. Digesting food

16. Which process do plants use to release energy from glucose?

 A. Photosynthesis
 B. Glycolysis
 C. Fermentation
 D. Cellular respiration
17. What is a gene?

 A. A molecule that carries oxygen

 B. A segment of DNA that codes for a protein
 C. A type of cell
 D. A chemical messenger

18. What do we call organisms that can make their own food?

 A. Consumers
 B. Decomposers
 C. Producers
 D. Parasites

19. Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

 A. Nucleus
 B. Mitochondria
 C. Cell wall
 D. Ribosomes

20. What is the term for a group of similar cells that perform a specific function?

 A. Organ
 B. Tissue
 C. Organ system
 D. Organism

21. What is the powerhouse of the cell?

 A. Nucleus
 B. Endoplasmic reticulum
 C. Mitochondria
 D. Lysosome

22. Which molecule carries genetic information in cells?

 A. RNA
 B. DNA
 C. ATP
 D. Enzyme

23. Which process involves the splitting of a cell into two daughter cells with the same
number of chromosomes?

 A. Meiosis
  B. Binary fission
 C. Mitosis
 D. Fertilization

24. What is the function of the chloroplast in plant cells?

 A. Storing genetic material

 B. Synthesizing proteins
 C. Converting sunlight into chemical energy
 D. Breaking down waste

25. What is homeostasis?

 A. The process of evolution in populations

 B. The maintenance of stable internal conditions
 C. The production of offspring
 D. The breakdown of food molecules

26. Which type of macromolecule are enzymes?

 A. Carbohydrates
 B. Lipids
 C. Proteins
 D. Nucleic acids

27. What is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment?

 A. Homeostasis
 B. Metabolism
 C. Adaptation
 D. Evolution

28. What is the primary function of the digestive system?

 A. Circulating blood
 B. Removing waste
 C. Breaking down food
 D. Protecting against pathogens

29. Which structure in the cell is responsible for producing proteins?

 A. Nucleus
 B. Ribosomes
 C. Mitochondria
 D. Golgi apparatus
30. What term describes the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration?

 A. Osmosis
 B. Active transport
 C. Diffusion
 D. Endocytosis

31. What is the smallest unit of life that can function independently?

 A. Organelle
 B. Cell
 C. Tissue
 D. Organ

32. Which organ system is responsible for producing hormones?

 A. Circulatory system
 B. Nervous system
 C. Endocrine system
 D. Respiratory system

33. What is the function of the cell nucleus?

 A. Producing energy
 B. Controlling cell activities
 C. Transporting materials
 D. Digesting waste

34. Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic cell?

 A. Bacterium
 B. Virus
 C. Human cell
 D. Archaeon

35. What are the building blocks of proteins?

 A. Nucleotides
 B. Fatty acids
 C. Amino acids
 D. Monosaccharides

36. Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?

 A. Protein synthesis
  B. Photosynthesis
 C. Cellular respiration
 D. DNA replication

37. What is the main difference between plant and animal cells?

 A. Plant cells have a cell wall, and animal cells do not

 B. Animal cells have a cell wall, and plant cells do not
 C. Both have cell walls
 D. Neither have cell walls

38. What is the main function of the respiratory system?

 A. Transporting nutrients
 B. Removing waste
 C. Exchanging gases
 D. Producing blood cells

39. What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?

 A. Phenotype
 B. Genotype
 C. Allele
 D. Chromosome

40. Which structure in the human body is primarily responsible for filtering blood?

 A. Heart
 B. Lungs
 C. Kidneys
 D. Liver

41. Which process describes the division of the cytoplasm during cell division?

 A. Mitosis
 B. Meiosis
 C. Cytokinesis
 D. Binary fission

42. What is the primary role of the human nervous system?

 A. Transporting oxygen
 B. Fighting infections
 C. Coordinating body activities
 D. Producing hormones
44. What is the role of the vacuole in plant cells?

 A. Synthesizing proteins
 B. Storing water and nutrients
 C. Converting sunlight into energy
 D. Regulating cell division

45. What are alleles?

 A. Different forms of a gene

 B. Structures within the cell nucleus
 C. Types of cells in the human body
 D. Organs within an organism

46. What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

 A. Evaporation
 B. Transpiration
 C. Condensation
 D. Precipitation

47. Which human organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

 A. Stomach
 B. Small intestine
 C. Large intestine
 D. Pancreas

48. What is the name of the process by which cells release energy from food molecules in
the absence of oxygen?

 A. Photosynthesis
 B. Glycolysis
 C. Fermentation
 D. Cellular respiration

49. Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?

 A. Insulin
 B. Adrenaline
 C. Thyroxine
 D. Estrogen

50. What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence of an organism?

 A. Mutation
  B. Evolution
 C. Adaptation
 D. Natural selection

Section 2: Physical Science

1. What is the chemical formula for water?

 A. H2O
 B. CO2
 C. O2
 D. H2SO4

2. Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

 A. Solid
 B. Liquid
 C. Gas
 D. Plasma

3. What is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element?

 A. Molecule
 B. Atom
 C. Compound
 D. Ion

4. What is the law of conservation of mass?

 A. Matter can be created or destroyed

 B. Matter cannot be created or destroyed
 C. Energy cannot be converted
 D. Energy can be created

5. Which of the following elements is a noble gas?

 A. Oxygen
 B. Nitrogen
 C. Helium
 D. Hydrogen

6. What is the pH of an acidic solution?

 A. Less than 7
 B. 7
 C. More than 7
  D. Exactly 14

7. What is the SI unit for force?

 A. Joule
 B. Newton
 C. Pascal
 D. Watt

8. Which of the following best describes an exothermic reaction?

 A. A reaction that absorbs energy

 B. A reaction that releases energy
 C. A reaction that is neutral
 D. A reaction that has no energy change

9. What is the formula for calculating speed?

 A. Speed = Distance / Time

 B. Speed = Mass / Volume
 C. Speed = Force / Area
 D. Speed = Work / Time

10. What is the most abundant gas in Earth’s atmosphere?

 A. Oxygen
 B. Carbon dioxide
 C. Nitrogen
 D. Hydrogen

11. Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

 A. Ionic bond
 B. Covalent bond
 C. Hydrogen bond
 D. Metallic bond

12. What is the main difference between a mixture and a compound?

 A. Mixtures have fixed compositions

 B. Compounds can be separated physically
 C. Mixtures can be separated physically
 D. Compounds have variable compositions

13. What is the primary source of energy in the sun?

  A. Chemical reactions
 B. Nuclear fusion
 C. Nuclear fission
 D. Combustion

14. What is the unit of electrical resistance?

 A. Volt
 B. Ampere
 C. Ohm
 D. Watt

15. Which of the following is a conductor of electricity?

 A. Rubber
 B. Glass
 C. Copper
 D. Plastic

16. What is the name of the force that opposes the motion of objects through the air?

 A. Gravity
 B. Friction
 C. Air resistance
 D. Tension

17. What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

 A. KE = 1/2 mv^2
 B. KE = mgh
 C. KE = Fd
 D. KE = ma

18. What is the principle of buoyancy described by Archimedes?

 A. An object immersed in fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced by the object
 B. An object immersed in fluid will sink if it is denser than the fluid
 C. An object immersed in fluid will float if it is less dense than the fluid
 D. An object immersed in fluid experiences a force opposite to gravity

19. Which element is the most abundant in the Earth's crust?

 A. Hydrogen
 B. Oxygen
 C. Silicon
  D. Iron

20. What is the boiling point of water at sea level in degrees Celsius?

 A. 0°C
 B. 50°C
 C. 100°C
 D. 212°C

21. Which type of radiation has the highest energy?

 A. Alpha particles
 B. Beta particles
 C. Gamma rays
 D. Ultraviolet rays

22. What is the basic unit of electric current?

 A. Coulomb
 B. Volt
 C. Watt
 D. Ampere

23. What is the formula for calculating density?

 A. Density = Mass / Volume

 B. Density = Volume / Mass
 C. Density = Force / Area
 D. Density = Speed / Time

24. What type of reaction is the rusting of iron?

 A. Physical change
 B. Chemical change
 C. Endothermic reaction
 D. Exothermic reaction

25. Which of the following best describes a catalyst?

 A. A substance that slows down a reaction

 B. A substance that increases the rate of a reaction
 C. A product of a reaction
 D. A reactant in a reaction

26. What is the term for a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
by chemical means?
  A. Compound
 B. Element
 C. Mixture
 D. Solution

27. What is the main difference between weight and mass?

 A. Weight is the amount of matter, mass is the force of gravity

 B. Mass is the amount of matter, weight is the force of gravity
 C. Weight is constant, mass changes with gravity
 D. Mass is constant, weight changes with location

28. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

 A. Sand and water

 B. Oil and water
 C. Air
 D. Salad

29. What is the principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?

 A. Law of Conservation of Mass

 B. Law of Conservation of Energy
 C. First Law of Thermodynamics
 D. Second Law of Thermodynamics

30. What is an isotope?

 A. An atom with the same number of protons and electrons

 B. An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
 C. An atom with the same number of neutrons but a different number of protons
 D. An atom with a different number of protons and electrons

31. Which type of wave does not require a medium to travel through?

 A. Sound wave
 B. Water wave
 C. Seismic wave
 D. Electromagnetic wave

32. What is the primary cause of the greenhouse effect?

 A. Deforestation
 B. Carbon dioxide
 C. Ozone layer depletion
 D. Water vapor
33. What is the term for the smallest particle of a compound that retains the chemical
properties of that compound?

 A. Atom
 B. Molecule Continuing from where we left off:

33. What is the term for the smallest particle of a compound that retains the chemical
properties of that compound?

 A. Atom
 B. Molecule
 C. Ion
 D. Proton

34. What type of bond forms between sodium and chlorine in table salt?

 A. Covalent bond
 B. Ionic bond
 C. Metallic bond
 D. Hydrogen bond

35. Which element is known as the “building block of life” due to its ability to form a vast
number of compounds?

 A. Oxygen
 B. Carbon
 C. Nitrogen
 D. Hydrogen

36. What is the principle of superposition in physics?

 A. The total energy in an isolated system remains constant

 B. The displacement of a medium caused by two or more waves is the algebraic sum of
the displacements caused by the individual waves
 C. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
 D. Force equals mass times acceleration

37. What is the difference between an endothermic and an exothermic reaction?

 A. Endothermic reactions release heat, exothermic reactions absorb heat

 B. Endothermic reactions absorb heat, exothermic reactions release heat
 C. Endothermic reactions occur in living organisms, exothermic reactions do not
 D. Endothermic reactions do not change temperature, exothermic reactions do

38. Which law states that pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at
constant temperature?
  A. Boyle’s Law
 B. Charles’s Law
 C. Avogadro’s Law
 D. Ideal Gas Law

39. What is the term for the amount of space an object occupies?

 A. Mass
 B. Density
 C. Volume
 D. Weight

40. What is the primary difference between conductors and insulators?

 A. Conductors allow heat and electricity to flow through them easily, insulators do not
 B. Conductors do not allow heat and electricity to flow through them, insulators do
 C. Conductors are always metals, insulators are always non-metals
 D. Conductors have high resistance, insulators have low resistance

41. Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

 A. Burning wood
 B. Rusting iron
 C. Melting ice
 D. Baking a cake

42. What is the charge of a neutron?

 A. Positive
 B. Negative
 C. Neutral
 D. Variable

43. What is the name of the process by which a gas turns into a liquid?

 A. Evaporation
 B. Condensation
 C. Sublimation
 D. Deposition

44. Which scientist is known for the discovery of the electron?

 A. Isaac Newton
 B. Albert Einstein
 C. J.J. Thomson
 D. Niels Bohr
45. What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

 A. Atomic mass
 B. Atomic number
 C. Mass number
 D. Isotope number

46. Which of the following is a vector quantity?

 A. Speed
 B. Distance
 C. Time
 D. Velocity

47. What does pH measure?

 A. Salinity
 B. Temperature
 C. Acidity or alkalinity
 D. Density

48. What is the product of the reaction between an acid and a base?

 A. Water and a salt

 B. Hydrogen gas and water
 C. Carbon dioxide and water
 D. Oxygen and a salt

49. What is the most common isotope of hydrogen?

 A. Protium
 B. Deuterium
 C. Tritium
 D. Quadrium

50. What is the term for the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of
water by 1 degree Celsius?

 A. Joule
 B. Calorie
 C. Watt
 D. Volt

Section 3: Earth and Space Science

1. Which layer of the Earth is solid and composed mostly of iron and nickel?
  A. Crust
 B. Mantle
 C. Outer core
 D. Inner core

2. What is the name of the supercontinent that existed about 200 million years ago?

 A. Gondwana
 B. Laurasia
 C. Pangaea
 D. Rodinia

3. Which process is primarily responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?

 A. Convection currents in the mantle

 B. Gravity
 C. Earth’s rotation
 D. Solar radiation

4. What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?

 A. Iron
 B. Silicon
 C. Oxygen
 D. Aluminum

5. What is the term for molten rock beneath the Earth's surface?

 A. Lava
 B. Magma
 C. Ash
 D. Sediment

6. Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

 A. Sedimentary
 B. Metamorphic
 C. Igneous
 D. Fossiliferous

7. What causes the phases of the Moon?

 A. The Moon's rotation

 B. The Earth's rotation
 C. The relative positions of the Moon, Earth, and Sun
 D. The distance of the Moon from the Earth
8. Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?

 A. Mercury
 B. Venus
 C. Mars
 D. Jupiter

9. What is the primary driver of weather on Earth?

 A. Ocean currents
 B. Solar energy
 C. Wind patterns
 D. Earth's magnetic field

10. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

 A. Elliptical
 B. Spiral
 C. Irregular
 D. Lenticular

11. What is the term for the boundary between two air masses?

 A. Front
 B. Fault
 C. Ridge
 D. Current

12. Which of the following best describes the greenhouse effect?

 A. Trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere

 B. Reflection of solar radiation by clouds
 C. Absorption of UV radiation by the ozone layer
 D. Circulation of warm air in the atmosphere

13. What is the primary cause of tides on Earth?

 A. Wind
 B. Earth's rotation
 C. Gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun
 D. Ocean currents

14. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

 A. Troposphere
 B. Stratosphere
  C. Mesosphere
 D. Thermosphere

15. What type of volcano is characterized by broad, gently sloping sides and eruptions of
fluid lava?

 A. Composite volcano
 B. Shield volcano
 C. Cinder cone volcano
 D. Stratovolcano

16. What is the most common gas in Earth's atmosphere?

 A. Oxygen
 B. Carbon dioxide
 C. Nitrogen
 D. Argon

17. What is the term for a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or
valuable mineral can be profitably extracted?

 A. Rock
 B. Mineral
 C. Ore
 D. Gem

18. Which planet has the most extensive ring system?

 A. Jupiter
 B. Saturn
 C. Uranus
 D. Neptune

19. What is the term for the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an
earthquake?

 A. Epicenter
 B. Hypocenter
 C. Fault line
 D. Seismic point

20. Which of the following best describes a metamorphic rock?

 A. Formed from cooling and solidification of magma

 B. Formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments
 C. Formed from the alteration of other rocks by heat and pressure
  D. Formed from the deposition of volcanic ash

21. What is the name of the closest star to Earth?

 A. Proxima Centauri
 B. Alpha Centauri
 C. Sirius
 D. The Sun

22. What is the primary component of the Earth's core?

 A. Silicon
 B. Nickel
 C. Iron
 D. Magnesium

**[Link] from where we left off:

23. What is the primary component of the Earth's core?

 A. Silicon
 B. Nickel
 C. Iron
 D. Magnesium

24. What is the term for a rock formed by the cooling of magma or lava?

 A. Sedimentary rock
 B. Metamorphic rock
 C. Igneous rock
 D. Fossiliferous rock

25. Which planet is known for having a storm called the Great Red Spot?

 A. Mars
 B. Jupiter
 C. Saturn
 D. Neptune

26. What is the name of the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?

 A. Evaporation
 B. Condensation
 C. Sublimation
 D. Precipitation
27. What is the term for the time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay?

 A. Half-life
 B. Decay constant
 C. Radioactive decay
 D. Isotope ratio

28. Which of the following is NOT a type of fossil fuel?

 A. Coal
 B. Natural gas
 C. Uranium
 D. Oil

29. What is the term for the point in the orbit of a planet at which it is closest to the Sun?

 A. Aphelion
 B. Perihelion
 C. Zenith
 D. Nadir

30. Which type of star is the hottest?

 A. Red giant
 B. Yellow dwarf
 C. Blue giant
 D. White dwarf

31. What is the main driving force behind the water cycle?

 A. Gravity
 B. Wind
 C. Solar energy
 D. Earth's rotation

32. What are the two most abundant elements in the Sun?

 A. Oxygen and nitrogen

 B. Carbon and hydrogen
 C. Hydrogen and helium
 D. Helium and oxygen

33. What is the name of the galaxy that contains our Solar System?

 A. Andromeda Galaxy
 B. Milky Way Galaxy
  C. Triangulum Galaxy
 D. Whirlpool Galaxy

34. Which phenomenon explains the expansion of the universe?

 A. The Big Bang Theory

 B. Redshift
 C. Blueshift
 D. Cosmic microwave background radiation

35. What is the term for the force of attraction between two masses?

 A. Electromagnetic force
 B. Nuclear force
 C. Gravitational force
 D. Centripetal force

36. What is the most common type of star in the universe?

 A. Red dwarf
 B. White dwarf
 C. Yellow dwarf
 D. Blue giant

37. What type of galaxy is the Andromeda Galaxy?

 A. Elliptical
 B. Spiral
 C. Irregular
 D. Lenticular

38. What is the term for a fracture in the Earth's crust where movement has occurred?

 A. Fault
 B. Joint
 C. Fold
 D. Rift

39. What is the primary cause of seasons on Earth?

 A. Distance from the Sun

 B. Earth's axial tilt
 C. Solar flares
 D. Moon's orbit

40. What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of sediments?

  A. Igneous rock
 B. Sedimentary rock
 C. Metamorphic rock
 D. Volcanic rock

41. What is the term for the layer of the Earth directly below the crust?

 A. Core
 B. Mantle
 C. Lithosphere
 D. Asthenosphere

42. Which planet has the most moons?

 A. Mars
 B. Jupiter
 C. Saturn
 D. Neptune

43. What is the term for the effect where the apparent frequency of a wave changes due to
the motion of the source or observer?

 A. Doppler effect
 B. Redshift
 C. Blueshift
 D. Parallax

44. What is the primary component of natural gas?

 A. Methane
 B. Propane
 C. Butane
 D. Ethane

45. What is the name given to the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle?

 A. Moho (Mohorovičić discontinuity)

 B. Lithosphere
 C. Asthenosphere
 D. Core-mantle boundary

46. Which planet is closest in size to Earth?

 A. Mars
 B. Venus
 C. Mercury
  D. Neptune

47. What is the term for the measure of the amount of matter in an object?

 A. Weight
 B. Mass
 C. Density
 D. Volume

48. Which layer of the Earth is liquid?

 A. Crust
 B. Mantle
 C. Outer core
 D. Inner core

49. What is the main cause of ocean currents?

 A. Wind
 B. Earth's rotation
 C. Temperature and salinity differences
 D. Gravitational pull of the Moon

50. What is the term for a celestial body that orbits a planet?

 A. Star
 B. Comet
 C. Moon
 D. Asteroid