Auto Hematology Analyzer

Service Manual
Preface
Thank you for purchasing the Auto Hematology Analyzer manufactured by Dymind Biotech.
Before performing maintenance on the device, please read this service manual carefully to gain an
understanding of how to properly maintain it.
After reading, keep the manual in a convenient location for future reference and easy access.
Product name: Auto Hematology Analyzer
Model: DF50, DF51, DF52, DF53, DF55, DF56

Contact Info for After-Sales Services

Shenzhen Dymind Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
10th Floor, Building B, High-tech Park, Guangqiao Road, Tianliao Community, Yutang
Street, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
Llins Service & Consulting GmbH
Obere Seegasse 34/2, 69124, Heidelberg, Germany
Tel: (86-755)26989825
Service Tel: 400-998-7276
Fax: (86-755)26746162
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://www.dymind.com

Intellectual Property Rights

This document contains proprietary information of Shenzhen Dymind Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
(hereinafter referred to as Dymind Biotech).The corresponding product is the intellectual property of
Dymind Biotech.
No part of this service manual may be reproduced, copied, modified or translated in any form or by
any means without prior written consent of Dymind Biotech.

i
Declaration
Dymind Biotech reserves the right of final interpretation of this service manual.
Dymind Biotech shall be responsible for the safety, security, and performance of the product only
when all of the following conditions are met:
 The assembly, re-commissioning, extension, modification, and repair of the product are
performed by authorized personnel of Dymind Biotech.
 The installation of the relevant electrical devices complies with applicable national standards.
 The product is operated in accordance with this service manual.

Maintenance Services
Scope of free services:
All products complying with Dymind Biotech’s Product Warranty specifications may qualify for free
services.
Scope of fee-based services:
 Free services are available to all products exceeding Dymind Biotech's Product Warranty
specifications.
 Products within the warranty period require maintenance under the following circumstances:
 Artificial damage
 Improper use
 When grid voltage exceeds the specified operational range
 Unavoidable natural disasters
 When parts and supplies are replaced with no prior consent from Dymind Biotech, or machine
maintenance is performed by personnel with no prior authorization from Dymind Biotech.

 Any failure by hospitals or organizations responsible for using this instrument to implement a
competent repair/maintenance plan is likely to result in abnormal instrument failure or even a
health hazard.
 Make sure the analyzer is only operated under the conditions of use as specified in the operator's
manual. If operated outside of the specified conditions of use, the analyzer may not work properly,
which could lead to unreliable measurement results and damaged instrument components or
even bodily injury.

This analyzer must be operated by trained medical testing professionals, doctors, nurses, or
laboratory technicians.

ii
 Contents

Contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................ i
1 Manual Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Who Should Read This Manual ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 Symbols and Legends.............................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Safety Instructions.................................................................................................................... 4
2 Instrument Configuration .............................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Mechanical Components.......................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Hydraulics System ................................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Schematic Diagram of the Hydraulic System ................................................................ 10
2.2.2 Hydraulics Diagram for the Overall Unit ........................................................................ 10
2.2.3 DIFF/WBC Measurement Channel ................................................................................. 11
2.2.4 HGB Measurement Channel .......................................................................................... 12
2.2.5 RBC/PLT Measurement Module .................................................................................... 13
2.2.6 Sampling and Blood-dispensing Module ....................................................................... 13
2.2.7 Power Supply and Waste Discharge Module ................................................................ 14
2.2.8 Status Monitoring Module .............................................................................................. 14
2.2.9 Hydraulic Components ................................................................................................... 15
2.2.10 Main Measurement Modes .......................................................................................... 21
2.2.11 Hydraulics Maintenance ............................................................................................... 27
2.2.12 Troubleshooting Common Hydraulics Problems.......................................................... 28
2.3 Hardware System................................................................................................................... 39
2.3.1 Main Control Panel ........................................................................................................ 40
2.3.2 Other Panels .................................................................................................................. 56
2.4 Optical System ....................................................................................................................... 59
2.4.1 Integral Replacement of the Optical Assembly .............................................................. 59
2.4.2 Replacing the Optical Preamplifier Panel ...................................................................... 61
2.4.3 Replacing the Laser Driver panel................................................................................... 62
2.4.4 Fine Tuning of the Flow Chamber .................................................................................. 64
2.4.5 Replacement of High-angle Receiving Plate ................................................................. 65
2.4.6 Common Problems and Solutions ................................................................................. 66
3 Repairs .......................................................................................................................................... 68
3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................ 68
3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs .......................................................................................... 68
3.2.1 Disassembling the Left Side Panel ................................................................................ 68

iii
 Contents

3.2.2 Open the Right Side Door .............................................................................................. 70

3.2.3 Disassembling the Panel Cover ..................................................................................... 70
3.3 Display Screen Assembly Replacement ................................................................................ 73
3.3.1 Replacing the Touch Screen .......................................................................................... 73
3.4 Sampling Assembly Replacement ......................................................................................... 74
3.4.1 Replacing the Sample probe.......................................................................................... 74
3.4.2 Replacing the Optocoupler ............................................................................................ 76
3.4.3 Replacing the Sampling Assembly in X- or Y-direction .................................................. 76
3.5 Power Assembly Replacement .............................................................................................. 78
3.6 Hydraulics Components incl. Valves, Pumps, and Pressure Chambers Replacement ......... 79
3.6.1 Replacing the valve assembly ....................................................................................... 79
3.6.2 Replacing the Liquid Pump Assembly ........................................................................... 81
3.6.3 Replacing the Negative-pressure Chamber Assembly .................................................. 82
3.7 Syringe Assembly Replacement ............................................................................................ 84
3.7.1 Replacing the syringe .................................................................................................... 84
3.7.2 Replacing the Motor ....................................................................................................... 85
3.8 WBC and RBC Bath Assemblies Replacement ..................................................................... 86
3.8.1 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly ...................................................... 86
3.8.2 Dismantling and replacing the RBC bath assembly....................................................... 89
3.9 Main Control Panel Replacement .......................................................................................... 92
3.10 Reagent Testing Panel Replacement ................................................................................... 93
3.11 Disassembling and Replacing the Temperature Sensor ...................................................... 95
4 Software Upgrade ......................................................................................................................... 97
4.1 Preparation ............................................................................................................................. 97
4.2 Upgrading Steps ..................................................................................................................... 97
4.3 Touch Screen Calibration ....................................................................................................... 99
5 Comprehensive Device Tuning ................................................................................................. 100
5.1 Position Adjustment.............................................................................................................. 100
5.2 HGB Voltage Gain Setting.................................................................................................... 101
5.3 Gain Calibration ................................................................................................................... 102
5.4 Calibration of Calibrators...................................................................................................... 102
5.4.1 Calibration in Whole-blood Mode ................................................................................. 102
5.4.2 Calibration in Predilute Mode ....................................................................................... 103
5.5 LIS Connection..................................................................................................................... 104
5.5.1 Installing LIS Workstation............................................................................................. 104
5.5.2 Host Communication Settings...................................................................................... 104
5.5.3 Connecting Analyzer with LIS ...................................................................................... 105
6 Alarms and Solutions ................................................................................................................ 107
7 Maintenance Inventory ...............................................................................................................113

iv
 1 Manual Overview

1 Manual Overview
This chapter explains the procedures for maintaining Auto Hematology Analyzer. Please read this
manual carefully to guarantee proper device maintenance and operator safety.
This manual is complemented by the operator's manual; there is no overlap between the two.

Be sure to operate the device in strict accordance with the instructions in the maintenance and
operator's manuals.

1.1 Who Should Read This Manual

This service manual should be used by professionals who possess:
 A comprehensive knowledge of electrical circuits and hydraulics
 A comprehensive knowledge of reagents
 A comprehensive knowledge of quality control
 A comprehensive knowledge of troubleshooting
 The ability to skillfully operate this analyzer
 An understanding of basic mechanical tools and any relevant terms
 Skills for using digital voltmeters and oscilloscopes
 The ability to analyze electrical-circuit graphs and hydraulics diagrams, and to understand the
related terminology

1.2 Symbols and Legends

Symbols used in the manual:

Symbol It means

Follow the instruction below the symbol to avoid potential

biocontamination.

Follow the instruction below the symbol to avoid personnel injury.

1
 1 Manual Overview

Symbol It means

Follow the instruction below the symbol to avoid analyzer damage and
failure, or unreliable analysis results.

Follow the instruction below the symbol. The symbol highlights the
important information in operating procedures that calls for special
attention.

Puncture Warning:
The sampling probe is sharp and may contain biohazardous
materials. Special care should be taken when working with it.

The following symbols can be found on the analyzer, reagents, QC materials, or calibrator:

When you see It means

Caution

Biohazard

Exercise caution to prevent puncture

Laser radiation warning:

It is a Class 3R laser product with 5.0 mW of maximum power output at
635nm. Avoid direct eye exposure to the laser beam.

Instruction for Moving

Network interface

USB Interface

Protective grounding

Alternating current (AC)

In vitro diagnostic medical device

Batch code

2
 1 Manual Overview

When you see It means

Use-by-date

Serial number

The device is in full compliance with the council directive concerning in

vitro diagnostic medical devices 98/79/EC.

Authorized Representative in the European Community

Date of manufacture

Manufacturer

+40°C

Temperature limit
-10°C

90%

% Humidity limitation
10%

106kPa

Atmospheric pressure limitation

50kPa

Consult instructions for use

Keep away from sunlight

Keep dry

No rolling

No Stacking.

Let this side face upward.

3
 1 Manual Overview

When you see It means

Fragile, handle with care

Recyclable materials

The analyzer, after being scrapped, should not be disposed with other
household garbage, instead, it should be collected and recycled
following the disposal instructions for scrapped electronic and electrical
equipment.

1.3 Safety Instructions

Device maintenance done in accordance with the following instructions guarantees the safety of both
patients and operators.

 Any failure by hospitals or organizations responsible for using this instrument to implement a
competent repair/maintenance plan is likely to result in abnormal instrument failure or even a
health hazard.
 To prevent risk of explosion, do not use combustible gases (e.g. anesthetics) or liquids (e.g.
ethanol) near this product.
 The machine should be powered off while troubleshooting. Any maintenance operation while the
power is on can lead to electric shock or damage to its electrical components.
 Please connect the device to the socket using a separate fuse and surge protection switch. If the
device shares a fuse and surge protection switch with other equipment, e.g. life support
equipment, any malfunction may cause an electric surge to occur when the instrument is
powered on, which can trip the circuit breaker.
 Maintenance personnel must keep their clothes, hair, and hands away from moving parts such
as the sample probe, jaws, and puncture needle to avoid being stabbed or pinched during
maintenance.
 Parts with special warnings may be subject to mechanical movements and thus lead to injuries
from pinching or stabbing during normal operation or disassembly and repair.
 Operators are obligated to comply with local and national regulations with regard to the disposal
and emission of expired reagents, waste, waste samples, consumables, and so on.
 The reagents are irritating to eyes, skin and mucosa. When handling reagents and their related
items in the laboratory, the operator should comply with laboratory safety regulations and wear
personal protective equipment (such as a protective lab suit, gloves, etc.).
 If the reagent accidentally comes in contact with your skin, wash it off immediately with plenty of
water and see a doctor if necessary. Do the same if you accidentally get any of the reagent in
your eyes.

4
 1 Manual Overview

 Improper maintenance may damage the analyzer. Maintenance personnel should maintain the
device in accordance with the instructions contained in the service manual, and inspect the
device properly after each maintenance.
 If you encounter a problem not specified in the service manual, please contact Dymind's
aftersales service department. A professional will be assigned to offer you maintenance advice.
 When repairing the electronic components of the device, please take off any metal accessories
you might be wearing to prevent personal injury or damage to the device.
 Electrostatic discharge may cause damage to the device’s electronic components. If the repair
process can result in any electrostatic damage, please wear an antistatic wrist strap or maintain
the device on an antistatic workstation.

This analyzer must be operated by trained medical testing professionals, doctors, nurses, or
laboratory technicians.

 Samples, controls, calibrators, and waste may pose a potential risk of bio-contamination. When
handling reagents and related items in the laboratory, the operator should comply with laboratory
safety regulations and wear personal protective equipment (such as a protective lab suit, gloves,
etc.).
 Both the parts and surface of the analyzer are potentially infectious, so please take safety
precautions during operation and maintenance.
 The pointed sample probe, any blood stains left on it, QC materials, and calibrators may be
potentially bio-infectious, so please avoid contact with the sample probe.

This sign warns of laser radiation. Do not look directly at the laser beams or see through the optical
system.

5
 2 Instrument Configuration

2 Instrument Configuration

2.1 Mechanical Components

The Auto Hematology Analyzer consists of the main unit and its accessories.
Figure 2-1 Front of the analyzer

1 - Aspirate key 2 - Sample probe

3 - Status indicator light 4 - Touch screen

6
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-2 Side view of the analyzer

1 - LAN network interface 2 - USB interface

3 - Right side door buckle 4 - Left side small door buckle

Figure 2-3 Back view of the analyzer

1 - AC input 2 - Power switch

3 - Cooling fan 4 - Diluent inlet

5 - Waste outlet 6 - Waste level detection connector

7 - Diluent presence detection 8 - Ground studs

connector

7
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-4 Front view of the analyzer (panel cover removed)

1 - Sampling assembly

Figure 2-5 Right-side view of the analyzer (right-side door removed)

1 - Power assembly 2 - Sampling assembly

3 - Counting bath assembly 4 - Electromagnetic valve assembly

5 - Negative-pressure chamber 6 - Preheating bath assembly

7 - Pinch valve 8 - Liquid pump assembly

8
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-6 Left-side view of the analyzer (Left-side door removed)

1 - Optical assembly 2 - Reagent testing panel

3 - Electromagnetic valve assembly 4 - Sampling syringe

2.2 Hydraulics System

The hydraulics system consists of the DIFF/WBC measurement module, the HGB measurement
module, the RBC/PLT measurement module, the sampling and blood dispensing module, the power
supply and waste discharge module, and the status monitoring module. Detailed description:
 DIFF/WBC measurement module
Consists of the dosing syringe, WBC reaction bath, flow chamber, tubing, and valve.
 HGB measurement module
Consists of the dosing syringe, WBC reaction bath, tubing, valve, HGB emission light, and HGB
receiving tube.
 RBC/PLT measurement module:
Consists of the dosing syringe, RBC/PLT counting bath assembly, tubing, and valve.
 Sampling and blood dispensing module
Consists of the sample probe, sampling syringe, swabs, and sampling assembly.
 Power supply and waste discharge module
Consists of the vacuum chamber, liquid pump, valve, and tubing.
 Status monitoring module
Consists of the optocoupler and sensor.

9
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.1 Schematic Diagram of the Hydraulic System

Figure 2-7 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic system

2.2.2 Hydraulics Diagram for the Overall Unit

Figure 2-8 Hydraulics diagram for the overall unit

10
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.3 DIFF/WBC Measurement Channel

2.2.3.1 Channel Principles and a Description of Their Functions

 Measurement principles: Flow cytometry and scattering emission of the semiconductor laser
 Measurement parameters: WBC, Mon#, Mon%, Lym#, Lym%, Neu#, Neu%, Eos#, Eos%, Bas#,
Bas%
 Graph information: DIFF 2D scattergram and BASO 2D scattergram.
 Reagents for use
 LYC-1 Lyse: Lyses the RBC and combines with hemoglobin.
 LYC-2: Lyses the RBCs and specifically treats different types of WBCs.
 DIL-C Diluent: This diluting and cleaning agent can provide an electrically conductive
environment and process cells and so on in bulk.
 Function description
 DIFF parameters measurement
The diluted sample is mixed well for a full reaction with LYC-2 lyse in the WBC bath. Then the
sample is placed between the flow chamber inlet and the sampling syringe; meanwhile, the
sheath flow is activated and kept steady so that it can hold the sample in motion until it
reaches the measurement section of the flow chamber. The sampling syringe, at a constant
speed and within a certain period of time, pushes the sample fluid wrapped in the sheath flow
so that it travels steadily through the flow chamber for optical measurement.
 WBC parameters measurement
After the first section sheath flow is measured, add the quantitative LYC-1 lyse into WBC
reaction bath to make it react fully. After that, place the sample between the inlet of the flow
chamber and sampling syringe, and open the sheath flow and make it stable, then the sheath
flow wrapping the sample reaches the measurement section of the flow chamber. The
sampling syringe, at a constant speed and within a certain period of time, pushes the sample
fluid wrapped in the sheath flow so that it travels steadily through the flow chamber for optical
measurement.
The measurement channels are cleaned after measurement to restore them to their
pre-measurement status.

2.2.3.2 Measurement Process

The measurement process for the DIFF measurement module is as follows:
1. Dosing: The diluent syringe is first applied to add the diluent into the WBC bath, and then the
sample probe is used to add the blood sample into the WBC bath, where they are mixed with
LYC-2 evenly for incubation.
2. Mixing: Open Valve LV19 to generate air bubbles through the intermittent valve opening to mix
the sample well.
3. Measurement: Aspirate the incubated sample from the WBC bath using the sampling syringe,
then close LV12, and open LV01 and LV05, so that the sheath fluid syringe can push the sheath
fluid into the flow chamber to form a stable sheath flow. Then push the sample into the flow
chamber via the sample injection tube. This is how the sample, wrapped in the sheath flow,
enters the measurement section for measurement.

11
 2 Instrument Configuration

The measurement process for the WBC measurement module is as follows:

1. Dosing: The diluent syringe is first applied to add the diluent into the WBC bath, and then the
sample probe is used to add the blood sample into the WBC bath, where they are mixed evenly.
After aspirating the diluted sample for the RBC channel measurement, LYC-1 lyse is added into
the WBC bath for mixing and incubation.
2. Mixing: Open Valve LV19 to generate air bubbles through the intermittent valve opening to mix
the sample well.
3. Measurement: Aspirate the incubated sample from the WBC bath using the sampling syringe,
then close LV12, and open LV01 and LV05, so that the sheath fluid syringe can push the sheath
fluid into the flow chamber to form a stable sheath flow. Then push the sample into the flow
chamber via the sample injection tube. This is how the sample, wrapped in the sheath flow,
enters the measurement section for measurement.
4. Cleaning: To clean, open LV01 and LV07, and add the diluent into the WBC bath using the
dosing syringe.
5. Waste discharge: Waste is discharged by opening Valve LV14, LV15 and Pump P1.

2.2.4 HGB Measurement Channel

2.2.4.1 Channel Principles and a Description of Their Functions

 Measurement principles: Colorimetric method
 Measurement parameters: HGB
 Reagents for use
 LYC-1: Lyses the RBC and combines with hemoglobin.
 DIL-C Diluent: This diluting and cleaning agent can provide an electrically conductive
environment and process cells and so on in bulk.
 Function description
HGB is measured by colorimetry: Prior to the addition of the blood sample, the baseline voltage
of the diluent is first measured. Then the blood sample and lyse are mixed well for a complete
reaction so that the parameter voltage of the sample can be measured. HGB can then be
calculated based on the local voltage and parameter voltage according to Lambert-Beer's Law.

2.2.4.2 Measurement Process

The measurement process for the HGB measurement module is as follows:
1. Dosing: The diluent syringe is first applied to add the diluent into the WBC bath, and then the
sample probe is used to add the blood sample into the WBC bath, where they are mixed evenly.
After aspirating the diluted sample for the first time, LYC-1 lyse is added into the WBC bath for
incubation.
2. Mixing: Open Valve LV19 to generate air bubbles through the intermittent valve opening to mix
the sample well.
3. Measurement: The blood sample and lyse are mixed well for a complete reaction so that the
parameter voltage of the sample can be measured. HGB can then be calculated based on the
local voltage and parameter voltage according to Lambert-Beer's Law.

12
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.5 RBC/PLT Measurement Module

2.2.5.1 Channel Principles and a Description of Their Functions

 Measurement principles: Impedance method
 Measurement parameters: RBC and PLT
 Graph information: RBC histogram and PLT histogram
 Reagents for use
DIL-C Diluent: This diluting and cleaning agent can provide an electrically conductive
environment and process cells and so on in bulk.
 Function description
RBC and PLT measurement makes use of the impedance method: After the addition of LYA-1
lyse, the red blood cells are dissolved. Through the negative-pressure chamber (with a negative
pressure of -30kPa), the sample is aspirated out of the WBC bath through the aperture. The RBC
and PLT particles generate electric pulses of various amplitudes when traveling through the
aperture, allowing them to be counted according to the number of pulses emitted.

2.2.5.2 Measurement Process

The measurement process for the RBC/PLT measurement module is as follows:
1. Dosing: The diluent syringe is first applied to add the diluent into the RBC/PLT bath as the base
liquid, before using the sample probe to aspirate the sample diluted for the first time from the
WBC bath into the RBC/PLT bath.
2. Mixing: Open Valve LV16 to generate air bubbles through the intermittent valve opening to mix
the sample well.
3. Measurement: Open Valve LV18 to aspirate the sample out of the RBC/PLT bath through the
aperture by means of the negative-pressure chamber (with a negative pressure of -30kPa). The
RBC and PLT particles generate electric pulses of various amplitudes when traveling through the
aperture, allowing the RBC and PLT cells to be counted according to the number of pulses
emitted.
4. Cleaning: To clean, open Valve LV02 and add the diluent into the RBC/PLT bath using the diluent
syringe.
5. Waste discharge: Waste is discharged by opening Valve LV13, LV15 and Pump P1.

2.2.6 Sampling and Blood-dispensing Module

This module consists of the sample probe, the sampling syringe, the sampling tube, the swab, the
horizontal motor, and the vertical motor.
This is how the sampling and blood-dispensing module works:
Open LV04 and aspirate the sample from the testing tube using the sampling syringe→Clean the
outer wall of the sample probe→ until it reaches the WBC bath→Put aside a fixed amount of blood in
the WBC bath→Clean the outer and inner wall of the sample probe→Aspirate out of the WBC bath a
fixed amount of the sample that has been diluted once→Clean the outer wall of the sample probe
and move the sample probe to the RBC bath→Add into the RBC bath the sample that has been
diluted once→Clean the outer wall of the sample probe to complete the entire process of sampling

13
 2 Instrument Configuration

and blood dispensing.

In summary, this module works by aspirating the sample and dispensing a fixed amount of the
sample into the corresponding reaction baths, while cleaning the inner and outer walls of the sample
probe to prevent cross-contamination.

2.2.7 Power Supply and Waste Discharge Module

 Power supply module
By opening LV15 and Pump P1 to establish a negative pressure of -30kPa, this module provides
propulsion for the counting of the impedance channel.
 Waste disposal module
This module consists of the following five parts:
 Discharge of waste resulting from swab cleansing
Pump P1 is opened to discharge any waste resulting from using the swab to clean the
sample probe.
 Discharge of waste from the WBC bath
Valve LV14, LV15 and Pump P1 are opened to discharge any waste from the WBC bath.
 Discharge of waste from the RBC/PLT bath
Valve LV13, LV15 and Pump P1 are opened to discharge any waste from the RBC/PLT bath.
 Discharge of waste from the impedance counting bath
After any waste from impedance counting (RBC/PLT counting) flows through the aperture,
and after any waste that results from cleaning the rear section of the RBC/PLT bath flows into
the negative-pressure chamber, Valve LV15 and Pump P1 are opened for waste discharge.

2.2.8 Status Monitoring Module

This module involves:
 Monitoring of DIL-C
Detection is done by way of a floating sensor; the float moves downwards the diluent level falls,
and an alarm is activated when it reaches empty.
 Monitoring of LYC-1
A reflecting optocoupler is used to monitor the LYC-1 level; as it gets lower, the optocoupler’s
status changes until an alarm is activated once there is no LYC-1 left.
 Monitoring of LYC-2
A reflecting optocoupler is used to monitor the LYC-2 level; as it gets lower, the optocoupler’s
status changes until an alarm is activated once there is no LYC-2 left.
 Monitoring of waste overflow
Waste overflow is done by way of a floating sensor; as waste levels rise, the float moves upward
until it eventually activates an alarm indicating that it is full.

14
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.9 Hydraulic Components

List of Hydraulic Components

No. Component Illustration Material No. Function Description Remarks

No.

1 Sample 56.01.0163A Collects blood samples in None

probe the testing tube and
dispenses a certain portion
of the sample to be placed
in the corresponding
counting bath

2 Swab 20.01.0984A Cleans the outer and inner None

walls of the sample probe

3 Two-way 20.01.0314A On-off switch for fluid None

valve (L) control

4 Three-way 20.01.0315A Directional hydraulic valve None

valve (L)

5 Two-way 20.01.0312A On-off switch for fluid None

valve (S) control

6 Three-way 20.01.0313A Directional hydraulic valve None

valve (S)

7 Liquid pump 23.99.0008A Discharges waste and None

creates a vacuum

8 LS Lyse 20.01.0124A Add the diluent and lyse, None

syringe push the sample into the
measurement area of the
flow chamber for
measurement, and form the
sheath flow.

15
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Component Illustration Material No. Function Description Remarks

No.

9 Isolation 60.01.0012A This chamber insulates the None

chamber liquid from the electric
circuits to prevent any
electrical interference.

10 WBC/HGB 20.01.0121A  Sample incubation None

bath bath
 The counting bath is
accompanied by a
HGB emission light
and a HGB signal
receiving device for
HGB measurement.

11 RBC/PLT 20.01.0144A This consists of the front None

bath bath and the rear bath, with
an aperture in between; the
sample flows from the front
bath through the aperture to
generate electric pulses
that facilitate RBC and PLT
counting.

12 Negative-pr 20.01.1106A  This chamber builds None

essure the negative pressure
chamber needed to drive
impedance-channel
counting
 This chamber builds
positive pressure
needed to drive the
mixing
 This chamber builds
negative pressure
needed to flush the
rear bath of the
impedance counting
bath and to discharge
the waste liquid in the
counting bath.

16
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Component Illustration Material No. Function Description Remarks

No.

13 Lyse check 24.13.0015A Separate the lyse and the None

valve diluent, to prevent the lyse
(7856803) from back flow

14 Pinch valve 23.99.0005A Control the passing and None

suspension of the flow

15 One-way 24.13.0008A Air intake at the inlet of the None

valve air pump, and to prevent
reverse air leakage

16 Air pump 24.01.0002A Build positive pressure None

17 Positive-pre 20.01.1204A  Build the positive None

ssure pressure needed for
chamber bubble generation in
DIFF bath, WBC/HGB
bath, and RBC/PLT
bath
 Build the positive
pressure needed for
back flushing the
aperture of the
counting bath

18 Filter 53.99.0018A Prevent tiny particles from None

blocking the fluidics system

17
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Component Illustration Material No. Function Description Remarks

No.

19 SE 20.01.1114A Divide the blood for a fixed None

Sampling amount, clean the sampling
syringe probe, and help the pushing

List of Tube Types

No. Tube Illustration Material No. Inner Outer Features

Name Diameter Diameter
(mm) (mm)

1 STHT 63.01.0001A 0.9 4.87 Soft tube, adapter for

Tube hard tube

2 Pharmed 63.01.0002A 1.6 4.8 Soft tube with good

Tube resilience

3 EVA Tube 63.01.0007A 1.0 3 Has good flexibility

and resistance to
bending and fatigue

4 Thin 50 63.01.0008A 1.6 3.2 Soft Tube

Tube

5 Thick 50 63.01.0009A 2.4 4 Soft Tube

Tube

6 3603 Tube 63.01.0010A 3.2 6.4 A soft tube used for

the external inflow of
diluent and waste
discharge

7 MPF Tube 63.01.0011A 2 3.5 A hard tube, resistant

to pressure and
deformation

18
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Tube Illustration Material No. Inner Outer Features

Name Diameter Diameter
(mm) (mm)

8 1.5mm 63.01.0013A 1.5 2.5 This tube is hard and

Teflon transparent, and is
Tube very resistant to
erosion

9 1.0mm 63.01.0014A 1.0 1.68 This tube is hard and

Teflon transparent, and is
Tube very resistant to
erosion

10 ABW0000 63.01.0003A 1.6 3.2 Soft tube, the pinch

2 Silicone tube of the pinch valve
Tube

11 ABW0000 63.01.0004A 1.6 4.8 This tube is soft and

3 Silicone can be connected to
Tube hard tubes

12 3.2mm 63.01.0021A 3.2 6.4 This tube is soft and

Saint-gob can be connected to
ain hard tubes; it can also
Silicone be used as a
Tube protective shell

13 2.4mm 63.01.0016A 2.4 4.8 A hard tube, resistant

TPU Tube to pressure and
deformation

14 2.0mm 63.01.0020A 2 4 This tube is hard, has

(i.d.) good resistance to
PTFE erosion, and can be
Tube used as an aspiration
tube inside the bottle
of lyse

15 1.6mm 63.01.0051A 1.6 3.2 Has good flexibility

EVA Tube and resistance to
bending and fatigue

16 Rubber 63.01.0080A 3.2 6.4 Soft Tube

Tube

19
 2 Instrument Configuration

List of Connector Types

No. Connector Illustration Material No. Material Features

Name

1 T420-1 53.05.0003A White T-type Connector for

Connector nylon 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.) Tubing

2 K420-6005 53.05.0005A PP 10-32 screw-thread connector

Connector for 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.) tubing

3 S220-6005 53.05.0008A PP, 1/4-28 screw-thread

Connector natural connector for 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.)
color tubing

4 L420-1 53.05.0010A White L-type Connector for

Connector nylon 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.) Tubing

5 Y420-1 53.05.0012A White Y-type Connector for

Connector nylon 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.) Tubing

6 N430/420-1 53.05.0013A White Thick-to-thin tube connector

Connector nylon for 1.6-2.4mm configuration

7 N420-6005 53.20.0012A PP, Barrel connector for

Connector natural 1.6-2.4mm (i.d.) tubing
color

8 MTLL230-1In 53.05.0016A White Integrated locking ring

tegrated nylon
locking ring

9 MTLL013-3 53.05.0044A Red nylon Integrated locking ring

Integrated
locking ring

10 LNS-1 53.05.0023A White Locking bolt for white panel

Locking bolt nylon installation
for panel
installation

11 LNS-3 53.05.0025A Red nylon Locking bolt for red panel

Locking bolt installation
for panel
installation

20
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Connector Illustration Material No. Material Features

Name

12 CCLR-1 53.05.0028A White White-coded locking ring

Color-coded nylon
locking ring

13 CCLR-3 53.05.0030A Red nylon Red-coded locking ring

Color-coded
locking ring

14 FTLB230-1 53.05.0021A White Female Luer FTLB230-1

Connector nylon Connector

15 FTLLB220-JI 53.05.0077A Natural Female Luer FTLLB220-JIA

A Connector PVDF Connector

2.2.10 Main Measurement Modes

The measurement modes of the analyzer include:
 Whole-blood CBC+DIFF Mode
Whole-blood sample aspiration for CBC+DIFF measurement
 Predilute CBC+DIFF Mode
Dilution is performed in vitro, and the diluted sample is then aspirated for CBC+DIFF
measurement.
 Whole-blood CBC Mode
Whole-blood sample aspiration for CBC measurement
 Predilute CBC Mode
Dilution is performed in vitro, and the diluted sample is then aspirated for CBC measurement.
The dilution and measurement procedures of the sample in different measurement mode will be
presented on the following pages.

21
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.10.1 Dilution Procedure in Whole-blood CBC+DIFF Mode

The dilution procedure in whole-blood CBC+DIFF mode is shown in Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-9 Dilution Procedure in Whole-blood CBC+DIFF Mode

2.2.10.2 Dilution Procedure in Predilute CBC+DIFF Mode

The dilution procedure in Predilute CBC+DIFF mode is shown in Figure 2-10.
Figure 2-10 Dilution Procedure in Predilute CBC+DIFF Mode

22
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.10.3 Dilution Procedure in Whole-blood CBC Mode

The dilution procedure in whole-blood CBC mode is shown in Figure 2-11.
Figure 2-11 Dilution Procedure in Whole-blood CBC Mode

2.2.10.4 Dilution Procedure in Predilute CBC Mode

The dilution procedure in predilute CBC+DIFF mode is shown in Figure 2-12.
Figure 2-12 Dilution Procedure in Predilute CBC Mode

23
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.2.10.5 Measurement Procedure in Whole-blood CBC+DIFF Mode

In whole-blood mode, a total of 5 time slots for sample measurement are set at 0s~4s, 5s~10s,
11s~22s, 20s~64s, and 64s~72s, respectively, during each of which different steps are taken.
Detailed description:
 Steps taken between 0s~4s (Figure 2-13)
a. Aspirate the whole blood using the sampling syringe.
b. Set the sample probe in the initial position for outer-wall cleaning.
c. Empty the WBC/HGB bath.
Figure 2-13 Measurement Flowchart A

 Steps taken between 5s~10s (Figure 2-14)

a. The sampling probe moves down into the WBC/HGB bath, and adds LYC-2 into WBC/HGB
bath.
b. Add the blood sample and the diluent into the WBC/HGB bath, and mix them thoroughly
through air bubbles.
c. Empty the RBC/PLT bath.

24
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-14 Measurement Flowchart B

 Steps taken between 11s~22s (Figure 2-15)

a. Pump the DIFF sample in the WBC/HGB bath to the sample preparation tube, and then
empty the WBC/HGB bath.
b. Clean the WBC/HGB bath.
c. Add the diluent and the blood sample into the RBC/PLT bath.
d. Add the diluent and the blood sample into the WBC/HGB bath, and mix them thoroughly with
air bubbles.
Figure 2-15 Measurement Flowchart C

25
 2 Instrument Configuration

 Steps taken between 20s~64s (Figure 2-16)

a. The sampling probe moves up to the initial position to clean the inner wall, and then enters
into the WBC/HGB bath to aspirate the first diluted sample.
b. The sampling probe moves to the initial position, then moves to the top of the RBC/PLT bath
to add LYC-1 into the WBC/HGB bath, and mix them thoroughly.
c. The sampling probe moves down to the RBC/PLT bath to add into the first diluted sample
aspirated from WBC/HGB bath, and mix them thoroughly.
d. The sampling syringe and lyse syringe push the DIFF sample and the sheath flow at the
same time. After the sheath flow is forming, the measurement in DIFF channel is started.
e. Build negative pressure -24kpa~-27kpa, clean the rear RBC/PLT bath, build negative
pressure -28kpa~-31kpa, and then the measurement in RBC/PLT channel is started.
f. Clean the sample channel after DIFF measurement is completed. Push the residual WBC
reacting sample treated with LYC-1 into the flow chamber to form the second stable sheath
flow. The measurement in WBC/BASA channel is in progress. The measurement in RBC
channel is completed.
Figure 2-16 Measurement Flowchart D

 Steps taken between 64s~72s (Figure 2-17)

a. Empty the WBC bath and RBC/PLT bath.
b. Add the diluent into the RBC/PLT bath for cleansing.
c. Zap the RBC/PLT bath.
d. Clean the sample tube of flow chamber and WBC bath, and add diluent as the base solution
after emptying.
e. Drain the RBC/PLT bath before adding the diluent as the base solution.
f. Clean the rear bath of the RBC/PLT bath.
g. Restore the sample assembly to measurement preparation status.

26
 2 Instrument Configuration

h. At around the 70s mark, the screen will show the current counting results.
i. The next sample can be made as soon as 72s measurement is completed.
Figure 2-17 Measurement Flowchart E

2.2.10.6 Measurement Procedure in Predilute Mode

The measurement principle in predilute mode is generally the same with that in whole-blood mode,
while, the difference lies in that the whole-blood measured shall be quantitatively prediluted prior to
the measurement in predilute mode.

2.2.11 Hydraulics Maintenance

2.2.11.1 Swab Cleaning and Maintenance

In the case of serious device contamination, our service team can provide on-site service either
regularly or by request. The swab requires cleaning and maintenance to get rid of any contamination
found on its lower surface.
The operating procedure as follows:
1. Shut down the device.
2. Disassemble the swab. A certain amount of probe cleanser is diluted with the diluent into a 1:3
(probe cleanser to diluent) solution.
3. Repeatedly scrub the bottom end of the swab and the inside of its lower aperture with a Q-tip
dampened with the diluted probe cleanser. After scrubbing, use another clean Q-tip dampened
with pure diluent to clean away the probe cleanser residue at the bottom end of the swab and the
inside of its lower aperture.

27
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-18 Cleaning the swab

4. After cleaning and reassembling the swab, check and make sure the inflow/outflow interface
tubing is connected correctly.
5. Turn on the device.
6. Go to Service > Maintenance > Clean. Click the Clean Sample Probe icon to perform the
operation before performing cleaning and maintenance on the swab.

2.2.11.2 Cleaning and Maintenance of the WBC Bath

Go to Service > Maintenance > Clean and click the Clean WBC bath button. See Figure 2-19.
Figure 2-19 Cleaning and maintenance interface

2.2.11.3 Cleaning and Maintenance of the RBC Bath

Go to Service > Maintenance > Clean and click the Clean RBC bath button.

2.2.12 Troubleshooting Common Hydraulics Problems

2.2.12.1 Commonly Used Equipment and Tools

Name Illustration Usage Remarks

 Used to contain liquid after a tube is

pulled out
small sample cup  Used as a diluent container None
 The ratio of probe cleanser to
diluent is 1:3.

28
 2 Instrument Configuration

Name Illustration Usage Remarks

plastic syringe  Used to manually unclog the WBC

(disposal syringe and RBC channels None
with no needle)  Used to inject other liquids.

Barrel connector tubing connection None

Used to connect tubing and the plastic

Silicone tube None
syringe

 Used to scrub and clean the swab

Q-tips  Used for other scrubbing and None
cleaning tasks

2.2.12.2 Inspection and Troubleshooting of Valve Clogging

1. To prevent the possibility of liquid flowing onto the base plate when the tube connected to the
valve is pulled out, the tube pulled out needs to be placed into the small sample cup, and tissue
paper should be used as a pad to prop up any affected components. The sample cup should be
removed once the liquid has stopped flowing.
2. Disassemble the valve. Then open the valve cap to check if there is any clogging caused by
impurities; if so, remove the impurities.
3. See Figure 2-20 and Figure 2-21.

Figure 2-20 3-way valve (L) Figure 2-21 2-way valve (L)

4. Place the components in their original positions. (note that the parts with instructions are kept on
the same side during installation. Then remove the tissue paper and scrub and clean the
bottom.)

29
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-22 Installation of the large Figure 2-23 Installation of the small valve
valve

2.2.12.3 Liquid Pump Clogging: Inspection and Troubleshooting

1. Pull out the tubing and place it into the small sample cup. Then prop up any relevant parts with
tissue paper and disassemble the pump.
2. Use the Phillips screwdriver to open the pump cap to observe any clogging resulting from
impurities, as shown in Figure 2-24.
Figure 2-24 Pump cap

3. Remove the impurities and place the pump in its original position.
Make sure to align the two marked lines correctly while installing, as shown in Figure 2-25.
Figure 2-25 Installing the marked lines

4. Make sure the liquid inlet and outlet are connected to the correct tubing (See Figure 2-26).

30
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-26 Symbols for inflow and outflow direction

2.2.12.4 Clogging of the Flow Chamber/DIFF Probe

In the case of flow chamber/DIFF probe clogging, you can manually push the probe cleanser to
clean the flow chamber/DIFF probe. Detailed steps are shown below:
1. Pull out the white tube connected to Valve 11 from the flow chamber (while making sure that the
connecting tube has been pulled out correctly). Put the tube into the probe cleanser with a
dilution ratio of 1:3 (probe cleanser to diluent) below the surface of the liquid. Then pull out the
tube connected to connector No.1 of Valve 20 (this tube is the transfer tube for white Teflon tube
1.5 and thin 50 tube, covered with marking ring 3) , and connect the plastic syringe to such fine
50 transfer tube through silicone tube (as shown in Figure 2-27).
Figure 2-27 Cleaning the flow chamber/DIFF probe

2. Press the pinch valve of Valve 12 with the fingers of one hand, and pull the plastic syringe in step
1 with the other hand, to absorb the probe solution into flow chamber. If the absorption resistance
is high, the plastic syringe shall be pulled with hand to hold for a certain time, and release to
enter into the probe cleanser stage after the level of the diluted probe cleanser in small sample
cup is observed to drop.

When pushing the syringe, the pinch valve must be pressed tightly by hand, otherwise the cleaning
effects cannot be reached.

31
 2 Instrument Configuration

3. After soaking it for five minutes or so, restore the original tubing.
4. Click the error message area, and then click Remove Error in the pop-up dialog box to see if the
problem has been resolved. If the problem persists, keep taking the aforementioned steps until
the problem has been resolved.

2.2.12.5 Aperture Clogging of the RBC Channel

Aperture clogging can be resolved by implementing the procedure for cleaning the RBC bath. The
procedures are shown as below:
1. Go to Service > Maintenance > Clean and click the Clean RBC bath button.
2. Go to the Service > Maintenance > Maintain screen, and click the Zap Apertures button.
3. After you are done, click the error message area, and then click Remove Error in the pop-up
dialog box to see if the clogging problem is resolved.
If clogging persists, the probe cleanser needs to be manually pushed through to clean the
RBC-channel aperture, and the following steps should be taken:
1. Empty the RBC bath.
There are two ways of emptying the RBC bath:
 After obtaining permission from qualified service personnel, go to the Service >
Maintenance > Maintain screen, click the Empty RBC Bath button (note that a prompt box
will pop up for confirmation after draining; do not press the OK button, otherwise the RBC
bath will be refilled with liquid).
 The liquid can also be aspirated dry manually using a plastic syringe or other tools.
2. Pull out the tubing connected to the RBC outflow tube and connect the plastic syringe filled with
the diluted probe cleanser (with a ratio of probe cleanser to diluent of 1:3) to the RBC outflow
tube (as shown in Figure 2-28). Pushing the plastic syringe back and forth will facilitate the
repeated flushing of the aperture with the probe cleanser.
Figure 2-28 Cleaning the RBC-bath aperture

Apply proper force while pushing to prevent the tube from dropping and spilling (you can hold the
tube with your hand to keep it in place).
3. Flush back and forth ten times, and then let it settle for 3 minutes. Afterward, flush it three more
times with a syringe containing the pure diluent using the aforementioned method.

32
 2 Instrument Configuration

4. After the diluent cleaning, drain the liquid inside the WBC bath and reconnect the original tubing.
(To drain the RBC bath by interface operation, click the OK button in the prompt confirmation box
after draining.)
5. Click the error message area, and then click Remove Error in the pop-up dialog box to see if the
clogging problem is resolved.
6. If aperture clogging persists, redo the above procedures until the problem has been resolved.

2.2.12.6 Overflowing of the WBC Bath

First wipe off the liquid with tissue paper, and perform the following troubleshooting steps:
1. Check if the liquid pump is clogged.
Follow the steps specified in 2.2.12.3 Liquid Pump Clogging: Inspection and
Troubleshooting to inspect and resolve any clogging of the liquid pump. After troubleshooting,
run the CBC+DIFF counting procedure to see if the problem has been resolved.
If the problem has been resolved, end the procedure; if the problem persists, continue to perform
the following steps:
2. Check if Valve 14 is clogged.
Follow the steps specified in 2.2.12.2 Inspection and Troubleshooting of Valve Clogging to
inspect and resolve any clogging of Valve 14. After the troubleshooting, run the whole-blood
counting procedures to see if the problem has been resolved.
If the problem has been resolved, end the procedure; if the problem persists, continue to perform
the following steps:
3. Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing.
Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing, as highlighted in red in the picture
below, and replace the corresponding tubing if the problem persists. After the troubleshooting,
run the whole-blood counting to see if the problem has been resolved.
Figure 2-29 WBC tubing for fluid discharge

33
 2 Instrument Configuration

If the problem has been resolved, end the procedure; if the problem persists, continue to perform
the following steps:
4. Check whether or not the isolation chamber is airtight.
a. Empty the WBC bath. There are two ways of emptying the WBC bath:
Method I: after obtaining permission from qualified service personnel, go to the Service >
Maintenance > Maintain screen, click the Empty WBC Bath button (note that a prompt box
will pop up for confirmation after draining; do not press the OK button, otherwise the WBC
bath will be refilled with liquid).
Method II: the liquid can be aspirated dry manually using a plastic syringe or other tools.
b. Disassemble the isolation chamber below the WBC bath and pull out the corresponding
tubing. Use the thick No. 50 tube or 1.6mm (i.d.) silicone tube to attach the two connectors to
the side of the isolation chamber, plugging both apertures. Then attach the plastic syringe to
the connector above the isolation chamber using a 1.6mm (i.d.) silicone tube. Push the
plastic syringe to pressurize the isolation chamber, and hold the syringe steady for 30
seconds to check for any appearance of air bubbles. If any air bubbles occur, the isolation
chamber needs to be replaced. See Figure 2-30.
Figure 2-30 Checking whether or not the isolation chamber is airtight

5. After inspection, the components and tubing need to be restored to their original locations. Click
the OK button in the confirmation box that pops up after the counting bath is drained by opening
the user interface.

If the liquid level in the WBC bath is found to be too high, immediately shut down the device to
prevent any further overflowing.

2.2.12.7 Overflowing of the RBC Bath

The troubleshooting procedure is the same as that in 2.2.12.6 Overflowing of the WBC Bath; the
only difference is that valve to be inspected is Valve 13. The tubing for inspection is shown in the
picture below, and the isolation chamber to be inspected is the one below the RBC bath.

34
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-31 RBC tubing of liquid discharge

2.2.12.8 Leakage from the Swab

First wipe off any liquid with tissue paper, and then perform the following troubleshooting steps:
1. Check if the liquid pump is clogged.
Follow the steps specified in 2.2.12.3 Liquid Pump Clogging: Inspection and
Troubleshooting to inspect and resolve any clogging of the liquid pump. After the
troubleshooting, run the whole-blood counting procedures to see if the problem has been
resolved.
2. Check if Valve 15 and Valve 16 are working normally.
Follow the steps specified in 2.2.12.2 Inspection and Troubleshooting of Valve Clogging to
inspect and resolve any clogging of Valve 15 and Valve 16. After the troubleshooting, run the
CBC+DIFF counting procedures to see if the problem has been resolved.
If the problem has been resolved, end the procedure; if the problem persists, continue to perform
the following steps:
3. Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing.
Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing, as highlighted in red in the picture
below, and replace the corresponding tubing if the problem persists. After the troubleshooting,
run the whole-blood counting to see if the problem has been resolved.

35
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-32 Swab tubing for fluid aspiration

If the problem has been resolved, end the procedure; if the problem persists, continue to perform
the following steps:
4. Check if there is perforation at the bottom of the sample probe.
a. Set the small sample cup below the probe. When pulling out the tube above the probe (push
the tube end outward to pull it out; otherwise there will be crimping in the sampling tube
connected to the end of the probe), disassemble the probe, and connect it to the plastic
syringe filled with the diluent using a 1.6mm (i.d.) silicone tube. Manually push the syringe to
see if any liquid flows from the bottom end of the probe. If such a flow is detected, this
indicates that perforation exists at the bottom of the probe (the liquid normally flows from the
sides. Be sure to collect the waste when pushing the liquid to the correct location, as shown
in the picture below).
Figure 2-33 Check the liquid pushing of the sample probe

36
 2 Instrument Configuration

b. Restore the tubing to its original status (cut off the crimped part at the front end of the
sampling tube, and readjust the tubing for installation. Make sure to check if the sampling
tubing gets into the way of other assemblies whenever the sampling assembly moves up and
down, or if it feels too tight. If this is the case, continue to adjust the sampling tubing until it
looks like it fits properly.)
5. Check for any wear and tear in the top aperture of the swab.
a. To disassemble, take off the swab's fixed jump ring. Pull out the swab's inflow and outflow
tubes.
b. Measure the upper-section aperture with a caliper; an aperture with a diameter of more than
1.71mm indicates that the swab needs to be replaced.
c. When reinstalling or replacing the swab, first put the inflow tube and outflow tube in place ,
then put on the swab (insert the probe into the swab aperture) and tap the swab's fixed jump
ring to complete the procedure.

The inflow tube is the Thin 50 tube, connected to the bottom connector; the outflow tube is the Thick
50 tube, connected to the top connector.

2.2.12.9 Problems with Creating Positive Pressure

The troubleshooting steps are:
1. Check if the pressure chamber is broken: Disassemble the pressure chamber if necessary and
seal the openings with rubber tubes. Then place the pressure chamber into the water tank. Use a
syringe or other equipment to pressurize the pressure chamber. Any air bubbles detected
indicate that the pressure chamber needs to be replaced.
2. Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing to the pressure chamber. Any
replacements should be made using tubing of the proper length and type.
Figure 2-34 Tubing of the positive-pressure chamber

3. Check if the pump is working; if not, replace the pump.

37
 2 Instrument Configuration

4. Check if the positive-pressure sensor and the corresponding electrical circuit are in normal
working order. First replace a reagent testing panel and reconnect its tubing, then check if the
positive pressure is normal in the status interface; if it is normal after the replacement, this means
that the positive-pressure sensor and the corresponding electrical circuit are causing a problem
with building positive pressure (After the reagent testing panel is replaced, note that the tubing
needs to be connected correctly. First keep a record of where it was by marking it before
disassembling the tubing).
5. Check the valve directly connected to the tubing of the positive-pressure chamber to see 1)
whether the on-off switch is normally; and 2) whether there is any clogging.
6. After troubleshooting, complete the steps shown in the Remove Error wizard.

2.2.12.10 Problems in Creating the Negative Pressure

The troubleshooting steps are as follows:
1. Check if the negative-pressure chamber is broken: Disassemble the negative-pressure chamber
if necessary and seal the openings with rubber tubes. Then put the negative-pressure chamber
into the water tank. Use a syringe or other equipment to pressurize the negative-pressure
chamber. Any air bubbles that occur indicate that the negative-pressure chamber needs to be
replaced.
2. Check if there are any kinks or damage along the tubing connected to the negative-pressure
chamber. Any replacements should be made using tubing of the proper length and type.
Figure 2-35 Tubing of the negative-pressure chamber

3. Check if Liquid Pump P1 is working; if not, replace the pump.

4. Check if the negative pressure sensor and the corresponding electrical circuit are in normal
working order. First replace a reagent testing panel and reconnect its tubing; then check if the
negative pressure is normal in status interface. If it is normal after the replacement, this means

38
 2 Instrument Configuration

that the negative-pressure sensor and the corresponding electrical circuit have caused a
problem with building negative pressure (After the reagent testing panel is replaced, note that the
tubing needs to be connected correctly. First keep a record of where it was by marking it before
disassembling the tubing).
5. Check the valve directly connected to tubing of the negative-pressure chamber to see 1) whether
the on-off switch is normally; and 2) whether there is any clogging.
6. After troubleshooting, complete the steps shown in the Remove Error wizard.

2.2.12.11 No Scattergram
Troubleshooting steps are as follows:
1. Check if the two tubes are connected correctly in pinch valve LV12. First confirm that they are
correctly positioned; then determine whether both soft tubes are tucked into the bottom of the
tank (as shown in Figure 2-36). (Note that the position of tubes marked in red in the following
figure shall not be installed reversely.)
Figure 2-36 Tubing connection of pinch valve

2. If the problem persists after the inspection, please check if the optical system is working properly.
For the common problems of the optical system and their solutions, see 2.4.6 Common
Problems and Solutions.

2.3 Hardware System

The hardware system of the Auto Hematology Analyzer consists of the main control panel, reagent
testing panel, laser driver panel, optical preamplifier panel, front panel, reagent sealing panel, etc.
and its block diagram is shown in Figure 2-37.

39
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-37 Block Diagram of Hardware System

Display screen Front panel (LED,

driver panel buzzer)

Reagent Laser driver

closing Panel Main Control Panel panel

Reagent Optical preamp

testing panel panel

Other external connecting unit

(valve, pump, motor, sensor)

Hardware maintenance principles apply to all the panels. All the panels have passed hardware tests
before leaving the factory, and any hardware problem found later may be mainly caused by power
problems. Thus, hardware maintenance primarily involves the power supply. Hardware problems
and maintenance methods for each panel are described in the subsequent sections.

2.3.1 Main Control Panel

The main control panel is the core panel of the Auto Hematology Analyzer; the device cannot work
properly with a problematic main control panel. This section introduces the main control panel from
the perspectives of composition, problem identification, and maintenance.

40
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.3.1.1 Composition of the Main Control Panel

The block diagram of main control panel functions is shown in Figure 2-38.
Figure 2-38 Block Diagram of Main Control Panel Functions

Network interface, LCD screen (user External analog interface

USB interface interface)

monitoring
Impedance

Channel
channel

Optical

Other
External digital interface

Data
communication
ARM unit AD data acquisition part

PFGA unit

Digital power Analog control signal

supply

Motor
External interface

Valve, pump

Constant current

Burning control
source control
Laser control
HGB control
Driver control
module

Micro-switch
Temperature control

The block diagram above gives a brief overview of the composition of main control panel and the
function of each module. Further description can be found below based on the pictures for each
panel. Picture of main control panel is shown in Figure 2-39.

41
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-39 Main control panel

3 9

8
4
7

5 6
1 - External wiring interface 2 - Network interface and USB interface

3 - Digital circuit module 4 - Debugging interface

5 - Motor, pump valve and 6 - Analog impedance channel module

temperature-control module

7 - Analog DIFF channel module 8 - Voltage-multiplying circuit module

9 - Analog HGB channel module

The main control panel can be clearly divided into digital part, analog part and driver part. Among
them:
 The left half of the panel is the digital part, including ARM unit, FPGA unit, external interface,
debugging interface, power supply, etc.
 The right half of the panel is the analog part, including impedance channel, DIFF channel,
hardware monitoring channel, external interface, power supply, etc.
 The lower left corner of the panel is the driver part, including motor driver, valve & pump driver,
temperature control, etc.
 In the middle of the panel there are AD and interface chips, where AD is responsible for
analog-to-digital conversion and the interface chip is responsible for on-off control for relevant
functions of the analog part.

42
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.3.1.2 Peripheral Interface of the Main Control Panel

There are several interfaces on the main control panel, and the detailed interface description is
shown in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 Definition Table of External Interfaces on the Main Control Panel
No. Tag No. Description

1 J2 RBC analog signal interface

2 J21 Motor driver interface

3 J22 Motor driver interface

4 J23 Valve driver interface

5 J24 Valve driver interface

6 J17 Power supply input interface

7 J37 Pump driver interface

8 J39 Heating rod control interface

9 J40 Heating rod control interface

10 J7 MPU_JTAG interface

11 J12 FPGA_JTAG interface

12 J13 FPGA_AS interface

Pressure sensor signal

13 J31
interface

14 J35 Front display panel interface

15 J43 Network interface

16 J46 USB interface

17 J47 USB interface

18 J14 Back-light panel interface

Display screen data

19 J44
communication interface

20 J45 Touch screen data interface

21 J4 Serial port

22 J5 Serial port

23 J48 Printer interface

Reagent testing signal

24 J26
interface

25 J27 Micro-switch signal interface

Motor position optocoupler

26 J28
signal interface

43
 2 Instrument Configuration

No. Tag No. Description

Motor position optocoupler

27 J29
signal interface

28 J30 Temperature sensor interface

29 J18 5V power inlet

30 J19 5V power inlet

31 J20 5V power outlet

32 J49 5V power outlet

33 J50 12V power outlet

34 J11 HGB signal interface

35 J36 Laster drive panel interface

Preamplifier panel signal

36 J33
interface

37 J10 ±12V power inlet

110V burning power input

38 J16
interface

The debugging Interfaces designated for the main control panel are serial interface J7 (RS232
signals), FPGA JTAG interface J3, FPGA AS interface J4, and SD interface for programming before
shipping. Use of these debugging Interfaces is restricted to developers only.

2.3.1.3 Power input and indicator lights on the Main Control Panel

Digital power input and indicator lights

Power input of the digital part is 5V, and it can be tested via testing point TP15 (multimeter shall be
adopted for testing, and during the testing, the red probe shall be connected to TP15, while the black
probe shall be connected to the metal part on the housing). The 5V power input is accompanied by
the fuse F2, Normally the fuse will not be blown since the power supply of the device is equipped
with surge protection. If a short circuit occurs under the input of 5V of power, the power supply will fail
to work properly and a buzzing sound can be heard.
All digital power supplies of the main control panel are equipped with an indicator light and testing
point, and corresponding relationships between the digital power supply, indicator light, and testing
point is shown in the Table 2-2.
Table 2-2 Digital power indicator light
Position Code of Meaning Normal Status
Indicator Light

D21 5V digital power supply On

44
 2 Instrument Configuration

Position Code of Meaning Normal Status

Indicator Light

D17 3.3V digital power supply On

D16 2.5V digital power supply On

D15 1.8V digital power supply On

D14 TPS65910 3.3V working status1 On

1- D14 usually indicates the working status of the ARM power management chip, TPS65910A31A1,
but this indicator light only indicates the working status of one LDO signal channel in TPS65910; the
multimeter can be used to test the corresponding testing points for other LDO and DC-DC channels.
For details, see Digital Testing Points in the section of 2.3.1.4 Testing Points on the Main
Control Panel.

Analog power input and indicator lights

The analog power input of +12V and -12V on the main control panel can be tested for actual voltage
values via the testing points TP21 and TP22. The +12V power input is accompanied by the fuse F4,
while -12V is accompanied by the fuse F5. Like the 5V digital power input, +12V and -12V derive
power from the device's power supply; if both are subject to overload, they will receive surge
protection from the power source and the corresponding indicator lights will not be activated.
Table 2-3 lists the analog power indicator lights:
Table 2-3 Analog power indicator light
Position Code of Meaning Normal Status
Indicator Light

D18 +12V power indicator light On

D19 -12V power indicator light On

D23 -5V power indicator light On

D25 +5V power indicator light On

+5V and -5V originate from the linear stabilizer. The corresponding lights will not be activated by the
+5V or -5V overload, and the linear stabilizer will be very hot. If either the +5V or the -5V power
indicator light is not on, immediately power off the device and troubleshoot the corresponding
electrical circuits. We recommend replacing the main control panel.

Other indicator lights on the main control panel

The ARM and FPGA units are each assigned a single indicator light to show their working status on
the main control panel. In addition, a USB0 power indicator light is designated for the ARM unit.
Table 2-4 lists the indicator lights.

45
 2 Instrument Configuration

Table 2-4 Other indicator lights on the main control panel

Position Code of Meaning Normal Status
Indicator Light

D79 It indicates the ARM working status and flashes after Flashing
proper system loading.

D90 It indicates the FPGA working status and flashes after Flashing
proper system loading.

D52 It indicates the MPU working status and flashes after Flashing
proper system loading.

Indicator lights are very useful in practice; hardware problems can be identified by the status of the
indicator lights. For details, see 2.3.1.5 Identification of Main Control Panel Problems.

2.3.1.4 Testing Points on the Main Control Panel

There are two types of testing points on the main control panel: Digital and analog.

Digital testing points

The digital testing points on the main control panel listed here are commonly used ones, in particular
for power supply and key signals.
Table 2-5 Digital testing point on the main control panel
Position Code of Description
Testing Points

TP15 the testing point for 5V digital input, with the expected voltage of
5V

TP9 TPS65910 VRTC output, with the expected voltage of 1.8V

TP61 DDR3 reference voltage, with the expected value of 0.75V

TP7 TPS65910 VDIG1 output, with the expected value of 1.8V

TP8 TPS65910 VDIG2 output, with the expected value of 1.8V

TP6 TPS65910 VAUX33 output, with the expected value of 3.3V

TP5 TPS65910 VMMC output, with the expected value of 3.3V

TP3 TPS65910 VAUX2 output, with the expected value of 3.3V

TP4 TPS65910 VAUX1 output, with the expected value of 1.8V

TP1 TPS65910 VDAC output, with the expected value of 1.8V

TP2 TPS65910 VPLL output, with the expected value of 1.8V

TP20 the testing point for 3.3V digital power supply, with the expected
voltage of 3.3V

TP19 the testing point for 2.5V digital power supply, with the expected
voltage of 2.5V

46
 2 Instrument Configuration

Position Code of Description

Testing Points

TP17 the testing point for 1.2V digital power supply, with the expected
voltage of 1.2V

TP18 the testing point for 1.8V digital power supply, with the expected
voltage of 1.8V

LS_CLK DIFF low-angle AD clock,4MHz clock signal

MS_CLK DIFF medium-angle AD clock, 4MHz clock signal

HS_CLK DIFF high-angle AD clock, 4MHz clock signal

WBC_CLK WBC-channel AD clock, 1MHz clock signal

RBC_CLK RBC-channel AD clock, 1MHz clock signal

Analog testing points

The following table lists the analog testing points.
Table 2-6 Analog testing point on the main control panel
Position Code of Description
Testing Points

TP5 AVCC_+5V testing point, with the expected voltage of 5V

TP21 AVCC_+12V testing point, with the expected voltage of +12V

TP22 AVCC_-12V testing point, with the expected voltage of -12V

TP25 AVCC_-5V testing point, with the expected voltage of -5V

TP58 HGB_LED_CTL testing point, HGB light-driven control switch; 0 for on

and 1 for off

TP47 WBC channel first-level OPAMP output testing point

TP46 WBC channel third-level OPAMP output testing point

TP43 WBC channel fourth-level OPAMP output testing point

TP44 WBC channel sixth-level OPAMP output testing point

TP45 WBC channel seventh-level OPAMP output testing point

WBC_AD WBC-channel AD front-end testing point

TP39 RBC channel first-level OPAMP output testing point

TP40 RBC channel third-level OPAMP output testing point

TP38 RBC channel fourth-level OPAMP output testing point

TP41 RBC channel sixth-level OPAMP output testing point

TP42 RBC channel eighth-level OPAMP output testing point

RBC_AD RBC-channel AD front-end testing point

47
 2 Instrument Configuration

Position Code of Description

Testing Points

TP31 SELECT_WBC_CTL testing point, the switch control signal for WBC
bath zap and CC source; 0 for zap and 1 for CC source

TP29 SELECT_RBC_CTL testing point, the switch control signal for RBC
bath zap and CC source; 0 for zap and 1 for CC source

TP53 VCONST_MON_AD testing point, 1.36V±0.2V

TP28 RH_MON testing point, 1.9V±0.2V

TP30 WH_MON testing point, 1.7±0.2V

TP33 VCONST_CTL testing point, the switch control signal for CC source; 0
for on and 1 for off

LSIN the testing point for DIFF low-angle signal input

LS_AD DIFF low-angle AD front-end testing point

MSIN the testing point for DIFF medium-angle signal input

MS_AD DIFF medium-angle AD front-end testing point

HSIN the testing point for DIFF high-angle signal input

HS_AD DIFF high-angle AD front-end testing point

HGB_AD HGB-channel AD front-end testing point

TP37 LASER_MON_AD testing point, reflecting the laser current

TP36 AVCC_+12VMON_AD testing point, reflecting the voltage of

AVCC_+12V power source

TP35 AVCC_-12VMON_AD testing point, reflecting the voltage of

AVCC_+12V power source

2.3.1.5 Identification of Main Control Panel Problems

Problems with the main control panel can be categorized as power problems, connection problems,
and functional problems. Power problems can be identified using the status of power indicator lights,
and connection problems can identified by way of direct observation; however, functional problems
are a little tricky, and can be indirectly shown using other indicators.

Power Problems of the Main Control Panel and their Indicators

The power supply of the main control panel is clearly divided between digital and analog. Where,
 A digital power input of 5V is realized by the upper middle J18, J19 interfaces on the main control
panel, as shown in Figure 2-40.

48
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-40 Digital power input, testing point and indicator light

1 - 5V power inlet 2 - testing point for 5V power

supply

3 - 5V power indicator light

 An analog power input of +12V and -12V is enabled by the upper right J10 interface on the main
control panel, as shown in Figure 2-41.
Figure 2-41 Analog power input

1 - ±12V power inlet 2 - +12V testing point

3 - -12V testing point

 A power input of 12V and 24V is enabled by the lower left J17 interface on the main control panel,
as shown in the figure below.

49
 2 Instrument Configuration

1 - 12V and 24V power input interface 2 - 24V testing point

3 - 12V testing point

All power inputs on the main control panel derive from the power input of the device. If either of the
power inputs on the main control panel receives a surge from a grounded or any other input power
source, the device’s power supply will activate its automatic protection mechanism and produce a
buzzing sound.
For the normal status of power indicator lights shown in the figures above, please refer to the
descriptions of the power supply and indicator lights of the main control panel in 2.3.1.1
Composition of the Main Control Panel. If the power indicator light is in a status different from
normal, this means that the power supply is not working properly.
U11 deserves further description as follows. U11 is the ARM power management chip in the digital
section of the main control panel. The working status of this chip determines the working status of
the main control panel. As shown in Figure 2-42, D14 turned on indicates the proper working of U11.
Figure 2-42 ARM power management chip in the main control panel

1 - Power management chip U11 2 - U11 working indicator

Functional Problems with the Main Control Panel and their Indicators
Functional problems with the main control panel are typically related to one of two causes. One
cause may be that the counting function of the main control panel cannot be realized. For example,
the digital part’s operating system on the main control panel is not operational, the FPGA program
does not load, or there is abnormal counting. The other cause refers to control failure of the motor,

50
 2 Instrument Configuration

valve-pump, temperature control, etc.

 ARM OS on the main control panel fails to boot
The ARM on the main control panel boots from NAND using its default factory setting, so the
booting media selection switch S6 should be turned to NAND (i.e. OFF state for DIP switches),
as shown in Figure 2-43.
Figure 2-43 ARM booting and running

1 - DIP switch status 2 - ARM normal working indicator light D79

When the ARM OS is booted properly, the working-status indicator light D79 will flash on the
main control panel. If D79 is not lit up, it means that the ARM OS has failed to boot.
 MPU program loading fails
When the MPU program is booted properly, the working-status indicator light D52 will flash on
the main control panel. If D52 is not lit up, it means that the MPU program has failed to boot. The
location of D52 is shown below.
Figure 2-44 Location of D52

1 - MPU status indicator light

51
 2 Instrument Configuration

 Loading problems with the FPGA program

The FPGA program is loaded from the serial port FLASH. A successful loading of the FPGA will
cause the indicator light D90 to flash. If D90 is not lit up, it means that FPGA program has not
loaded. The location of D90 is shown in Figure 2-45.
Figure 2-45 Indicator of FPGA working status

1 - FPGA status indicator light

 Counting abnormalities
There are many causes that lead to counting abnormalities, and they can include problems with
main control panel problem. Counting abnormalities caused by main control panel problems
usually involve counting results of zero or overly high counting results on multiple occasions. A
counting result of zero usually results from a failure to apply the CC source to the counting bath,
while an overly high counting result is usually caused by too much noise in the analog-channel
circuit.

2.3.1.6 Maintenance of the Main Control Panel

The maintenance of the main control panel mostly deals with problems not related to connections. In
theory, only designated maintenance professionals are allowed to perform the maintenance steps for
the main control panel. Please replace the main control panel if any non-connection problems occur.
This section will introduce the location of fault of the main control panel, as well as common faults
and solutions in repairing the main control panel. The instructions above only apply to designated
maintenance professionals.

Locating Main Control Panel Problems

Successful troubleshooting is a precondition of maintenance. Main control panel problems mostly
involve the power supply. As for functional problems, there is no real value in maintenance and the
main control panel should therefore be replaced at your earliest convenience.
There are four steps in locating power-related problems:
1. Look. Power on the panel and pay attention to the power indicator lights. If any abnormality is
spotted, then there is something wrong with the loading of the indicator light’s corresponding

52
 2 Instrument Configuration

power source. Light abnormality here refers to situations in which a light is off or dimmer than
normal.
2. Smell. Power problems may burn out some components; an acrid smell can suggest a burnout.
Do not power on in this case.
3. Touch. Power on and touch the corresponding component on the main control panel by hand. If
the temperature feels abnormal, the component could be broken.
4. Test. The first three steps can be used to identify power overload problems on the main control
panel. Step 4 is designed for determining what has malfunctioned. Testing can also identify the
problem of circuit breakage. This step is also part of maintenance. A multimeter is used to test for
power problems.

Common Problems Found in Main Control Panel Maintenance and their Indicators
See the following table for details.

Problem Problem Indicators Solution

Description

Analogy power The power indicator light D19 is not This issue is mostly caused by the
input of -12V is not activated. fact that the analog power input of
loaded, and the -12V has shorted out. Another
device power possible reason is the breakdown
supply is switched of the polar capacitors (mostly
into auto protection tantalum capacitors here). Due to
mode when the abundance of -12V networks,
powered on. users are recommended to
replace the motherboard. The
damaged components can be
located by PCB for replacement
by qualified maintenance
personnel.

Analogy power The power indicator light D18 is not This issue is mostly caused by the
input of +12V is not activated. fact that the analog power input of
loaded, and the +12V has shorted out. Another
device power possible reason is the breakdown
supply is switched of the polar capacitors (mostly
into auto protection tantalum capacitors here). Due to
mode when the abundance of +12V networks,
powered on. users are recommended to
replace the motherboard. The
damaged components can be
located by PCB for replacement
by qualified maintenance
personnel.

53
 2 Instrument Configuration

Problem Problem Indicators Solution

Description

Analogy power The power indicator light D23 is not lit This issue is mostly caused by the
input of -5V is not up or looks dim, and the power chip U3 fact that the analog power input of
loaded feels very hot. -5V has shorted out. Another
possible reason is the breakdown
of the polar capacitors (mostly
tantalum capacitors here). Due to
the abundance of -5V networks,
users are recommended to
replace the motherboard. The
damaged components can be
located by PCB for replacement
by qualified maintenance
personnel.

Analogy power The power indicator light D25 is not lit This issue is mostly caused by the
input of +5V is not up or looks dim, and the power chip U2 fact that the analog power input of
loaded feels very hot. +5V has shorted out. Another
possible reason is the breakdown
of the polar capacitors (mostly
tantalum capacitors here). Due to
the abundance of +5V networks,
users are recommended to
replace the motherboard. The
damaged components can be
located by PCB for replacement
by qualified maintenance
personnel.

The ARM system The powered-on device fails to do The power management chip U11
on the main control self-test; the ARM status indicator light may be damaged; it is
panel is not running D79 is not flashing and the indicator recommended that a qualified
light for ARM power management chip maintenance person replace U11
D14 is lit up.

The ARM system The powered-on device fails to do Some circuit in the power
on the main control self-test; the ARM status indicator light management chip U11 may have
panel is not running D79 is not flashing and the indicator shorted out. Qualified
light for ARM power management chip maintenance personnel can use a
D14 is on. multimeter to test the power
output testing points throughout
U11 to locate the problematic
circuit. Start from the capacitor
and move along until locating the
short circuit.

54
 2 Instrument Configuration

Problem Problem Indicators Solution

Description

The ARM system The powered-on device fails to do The boot media for the main
on the main control self-test; the ARM status indicator light control panel, NAND Flash U107,
panel is not running D79 is not flashing and the indicator may be damaged; replace the
light for ARM power management chip main control panel as soon as
D14 is on. A multimeter is used to test possible.
the power management chip only to
find that the power output is normal
throughout the chip and the device
lifetime can last for more than three
years.

The ARM system The powered-on device fails to do The ARM of the main control
on the main control self-test; the ARM status indicator light panel is damaged; replace the
panel is not running D79 is not flashing and the indicator main control panel immediately.
light for ARM power management chip
D14 is on. A multimeter is used to test
the power management chip only to
find that the power output is normal
throughout the chip and the ARM chip
U50 feels hot.

The FPGA program The FPGA running status indicator The FPGA on the main control
fails to load light, D90, is not flashing, the FPGA panel is damaged; replace the
3.3V power indicator light D17 is in main control panel immediately.
normal ON status, and so is the FPGA
2.5V power indicator light D16. The
FPGA 1.8V power indicator light, D15,
is in normal ON status; test the FPGA
1.2V with a multimeter and the voltage
tested at TP17 is normal.

The FPGA program The FPGA running status indicator The FGPA 3.3V power circuit is
fails to load light, D90, is not flashing, and the problematic and the issue can be
FPGA 3.3V power indicator light D17 is located by multimeter testing.
not lit up.

The FPGA program The FPGA running status indicator The FGPA 2.5V power circuit is
fails to load light, D90, is not flashing, and the problematic and the issue can be
FPGA 2.5V power indicator light D16 is located by multimeter testing.
not lit up.

The FPGA program The FPGA running status indicator The FGPA 1.8V power circuit is
fails to load light, D90, is not flashing, and the problematic and the issue can be
FPGA 1.8V power indicator light D15 is located by multimeter testing.
not lit up.

The FPGA program FPGA running status indicator light, The FGPA 1.2V power circuit is
fails to load D90, is not flashing; test the FPGA problematic and the issue can be
1.2V power with a multimeter, and the located by multimeter testing.
voltage tested at testing point TP17 is
not 1.2V.

Liquid has been The main control panel is eroded. Replace the main control panel
spilled onto the
main control panel.

55
 2 Instrument Configuration

Problem Problem Indicators Solution

Description

The driver unit is The hydraulic tubes have collapsed. Some valves' drivers may have
not working malfunctioned; it is suggested that
properly. the panel be replaced as soon as
possible. If the problem persists,
check the driver path for valves,
since this problem is usually
caused by wiring issues or a
broken valve.

The driver unit is The pump is not working. First confirm the reliability of the
not working connection between the driver
properly. panel and the rear panel. If the
connection is reliable, then the
pump may have a problematic
driver; it is suggested that the
panel be replaced right away. If
the problem persists, check the
driver path for pumps, since this
problem is mostly caused by
wiring issues or a broken pump.

The driver unit is The motor is not working. First confirm the reliability of the
not working connection between the driver
properly. panel and the rear panel. If the
connection is reliable, then the
motor may have a problematic
driver; it is suggested that the
panel be replaced right away. If
the problem persists, check the
driver path for motors, since this
problem is mostly caused by
wiring issues.

The driver unit is The driver panel has no heating. Some heating systems may have
not working a problematic driver; it is
properly. suggested that the panel be
replaced right away. If the
problem persists, check the driver
path for heating, since this
problem is mostly caused by
wiring issues.

Panel maintenance is time-consuming. In principle, panel maintenance is not performed on-site. If a

panel problem is confirmed on-site, please replace the panel.

2.3.2 Other Panels

Except for the above-mentioned main control panel, other panels (including reagent testing panel,
laser driver panel, optical preamplifier panel, reagent sealing panel, front display panel, LCD screen

56
 2 Instrument Configuration

driver panel) will not be repaired in principle. If problems with any small panel are found on site,
please replace it directly.
Functions of interfaces on other panels are briefly introduced below.

2.3.2.1 Reagent Testing Panel

Reagent testing panel is mainly responsible for testing whether there is or no reagent. Functions of
interfaces on the reagent testing panel are shown in Figure 2-46.
Figure 2-46 Reagent testing panel

3 4

1 - Positive/negative pressure 2 - Reagent testing result output

signal output interface interface

3 - Photocoupler signal collecting 4 - Pressure signal collecting

module interface module interface

2.3.2.2 Laser Driver Panel

Functions of interfaces on the laser driver panel are shown in Figure 2-47.
Figure 2-47 Picture taken of the laser driver panel

1 - Power interface for connecting to 2 - Output interface of laser

main control panel driver

57
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.3.2.3 Optical Preamplifier Panel

In general, the optical preamplifier panel is classified into two small panels, one for LS, MS signal
amplification panel, as shown in Figure 2-48; the other for HS signal amplification panel, as shown in
Figure 2-49.

Figure 2-48 Physical picture of LS, MS Signal Figure 2-49 Physical picture of HS Signal
Amplifier Panel Amplifier Panel

1 - Panel card power interface 2 - Signal testing interface

3 - HS signal input interface 4 - HS panel power outlet interface

5 - HS panel power inlet interface 6 - HS signal output interface

2.3.2.4 Front Panel

The front panel is mainly responsible for indicating the running status of the device, alarm notification
and linking with the manual control of the sampling touch signal switch, as shown in Figure 2-50.
Figure 2-50 Picture of the front panel

1 - Control signal 2 - micro-switch interface

communication interface

58
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.4 Optical System

2.4.1 Integral Replacement of the Optical Assembly

Purpose
The optical assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in
this section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 Medical syringe attached to a silicone tube
 Optical components that have passed tuning tests

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.
2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. Open the right-side door and disassemble the top cover panel.

Disassembly
1. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the four M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the cover panel of the optical system, and carefully detach it.

1 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head 2 - cover panel of the optical system

combination screw (×4)

59
 2 Instrument Configuration

2. Pull out the tubing. First pull out Tube P1 of Connector 2 in Figure 2-51 and connect the medical
syringe with the silicone tube to Connector 2. Pull out Tube P6 from the L-type connector at the
top end of Connector 1. Drain the water from the sheath flow device with a syringe and pull out
Tube P21 and P4c from the Connector 3 and 4 at the bottom of the flow chamber.
Figure 2-51 Pulling out the tubing

1 - Tube P6 2 - Tube P1

3 - Tube P21 4 - Tube P4c

3. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the four M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the optical assembly, and take off the four large D3 gaskets.
Carefully push upwards and slowly detach the optical assembly.
Figure 2-52 Disassembling the optical assembly

1 - M3×8 cross-recessed 2 - Large D3 gasket

pan-head combination screw (×4)

60
 2 Instrument Configuration

4. Pull out the wires from the J66 and J4 ports on the rear panel; then pull out the heating wire
inside the optical system box, the temperature sensor wire, and the temperature switch wire. To
take the optical assembly apart, slowly hold it up and remove the flow chamber from the opening
of the affixed optical panel.

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

 Put on antistatic gloves and an electrostatic-shielding ring while operating to avoid damaging the
LED.
 All the wirings need to be set up according to the original positions of the machine components
to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.
 During transportation and installation, the flow chamber exposed at the bottom of the optical
system needs to be protected from being crushed or pressed. When pulling out the tubes, hold
the flow chamber by hand to prevent it from being dislocated by external force.

2.4.2 Replacing the Optical Preamplifier Panel

Purpose
The optical preamp panel can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified
in this section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 New optical preamplifier panel

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.
2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. Open the right-side door and disassemble the top cover panel.
4. Take down the cover panel of the optical system box.

Disassembly
1. Pull out the three wires from the optical preamp panel.
2. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the four M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the optical preamp panel, and carefully detach the cover panel of
the optical system box.

61
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-53 Taking down the cover panel of the optical system box

1 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head 2 - Optical preamplifier panel

combination screw (×4)

3 - Pre-optical fixation panel

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

 Put on antistatic gloves and an electrostatic-shielding ring while operating to avoid damaging the
LED.
 All the wirings need to be set up according to the original positions of the machine components
to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.

2.4.3 Replacing the Laser Driver panel

Purpose
The laser driver panel can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in
this section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 New laser driver panel

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.

62
 2 Instrument Configuration

2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. Open the right-side door and disassemble the top cover panel.

Disassembly
1. Use a 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver to disassemble the four M3×6 stainless-steel inner hex
screws that affix the baffle plate of the laser driver panel.
2. Pull out the two wires from the laser driver panel.
3. Pull out the two wires from the laser driver panel. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to
disassemble the four M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head combination screws, and carefully detach
the laser driver panel.
Figure 2-54 Replacing the Laser Driver Panel

1 - M3×6 stainless-steel inner hex 2 - Baffle plate of the laser driver panel
screw (×4)

3 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head 4 - Laser driver panel

combination screw (×4)

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

 Put on antistatic gloves and an electrostatic-shielding ring while operating to avoid damaging the
LED.
 All the wirings need to be set up according to the original positions of the machine components
to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.

63
 2 Instrument Configuration

2.4.4 Fine Tuning of the Flow Chamber

Purpose
The fine tuning of the flow chamber can be performed by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
#2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver

Preliminary Steps
 Open the right-side door and disassemble the top cover panel.
 Take down the cover panel of the optical system box.
 Turn on the device and launch the software application; then enter the Optical Tuning screen.

Tuning Procedures
1. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to loosen the two M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws that affix the locking plates of the flow chamber.
Figure 2-55 Fine tuning of the flow chamber

1 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head 2 - Adjustment knob of the flow

combination screw (×2) chamber

2. Shake the 7um nominal particles well, and use the 7um nominal particles as a sample for DIFF
testing.
 If the resultant scattergram shows a square or diamond with the upper and lower sides
parallel to each other, the device does not need fine-tuning.
 If the scattergram shows that the upper and lower sides are not parallel, then take the next
step.

64
 2 Instrument Configuration

3. If the slanting directional arrow shown in the scattergram is ↗, then rotate the adjustment knob
of the flow chamber counter-clockwise; if the slanting direction shown in the scattergram is ↘,
then rotate the adjustment knob of the flow chamber clockwise (the adjustment knob should be
lightly rotated).
4. Use the 7um nominal particles as a sample for DIFF testing.
 If the resultant scattergram shows a square or diamond with the upper and lower sides
parallel to each other, the device does not need fine-tuning.
 If the scattergram shows that the upper and lower sides are not parallel, then repeat Step 3.
5. After tuning, tighten the two locking screws of the flow chamber, and reinstall the cover panel of
the optical system box as well as the four affixing screws; then lock them in place.

2.4.5 Replacement of High-angle Receiving Plate

Purpose
The high-angle receiving plate can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures
specified in this section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 New high-angle receiving plate

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.
2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. Open the right-side door and disassemble the top cover panel.

Disassembly
1. Disassemble 2 M3 ×8 stainless steel internal hexagon screws used for fixing the fixed seat of the
side panel card by 2.5mm internal hexagonal wrench, and then remove the fixed seat from the
side basal plate.
2. Pull out 2 connecting wires on the high-angle receiving plate.
3. Disassemble 2 M2.5 ×6 cross recess head screws used for fixing the high-angle receiving plate
by #2 (Ph2) Philips screwdriver, and remove the laser driver plate carefully.

65
 2 Instrument Configuration

Figure 2-56 Replacement of High-angle Receiving Plate

1 - M3×6 inner hex screw (×2) 2 - Fixed seat of side panel card

3 - Side basal plate 4 - M2.5×6 Cross recess head screw (2x)

5 - High-angle receiving plate

2.4.6 Common Problems and Solutions

Problem Description Possible Cause Solution

There is no scattergram  The laser Check if the laser is working.

signal when testing the driver panel is  If not, replace the laser driver panel.
DIFF signal of venous not working.
blood.  If the laser is working, check the power
 The optical supply of the optical preamp panel and
preamplifier replace the optical preamp panel.
panel is not
working.

66
 2 Instrument Configuration

Problem Description Possible Cause Solution

One or some of the Optical Check if the laser is working.

signals from the three preamplifier panel  If not, replace the laser driver panel.
angles are 0 when testing problem
the DIFF signal of venous  If the laser is working, check the power
blood. supply of the optical preamp panel and
replace the optical preamp panel.
If the problem persists after the replacement,
replace the main control panel.

There are only sporadic The flow chamber Check if the collecting corner plate has two
background scattergram is dislocated. bilaterally symmetric light spots in the shape of red
signals when testing the The hydraulics vertical stripes.
DIFF signal of venous have no sheath  If there is only one red vertical stripe or the
blood. flow. two stripes are significantly different in
brightness, make small adjustment to the
location of the flow chamber and return the
nominal-particle scattergram to normal.
 If there are two red vertical stripes which are
not significantly different in brightness, check
if the pinch valve is working; if it is, check if
Valve 10, 11, 12, 13, and 18 are also working.

The scattergram signals The laser is burnt Replace the laser.

are basically normal but out.
compressed in size when
testing the DIFF signal of
venous blood.

The neutral-particle signal The flow chamber Make a small adjustment to the location of the flow
(the long horizontal stripe is dislocated. chamber and return the nominal-particle
at the top right corner) in scattergram to normal.
the scattergram is
considerably slanted and
the three signals are
mostly overlapping with
inaccurate classification
when testing the DIFF
signal of fresh venous
blood.

There is a lot of noise The reagent is  If the background noise has a certain shape
when testing the contaminated. and is concentrated at the lower half of the
background signal. Tiny air bubbles scattergram, keep the DIFF1 and DIFF2
get into the fluids at room temperature and perform three
hydraulics. rounds of the reagent replacement sequence
each for the diluent, DIFF1 and DIFF2.
 If the background signal has no shape and
randomly spreads all over the scattergram,
replace the sheath fluid syringe.
If the problem persists, replace the optical
assembly.

67
 3 Repairs

3 Repairs

3.1 Overview
The repair engineer can repair the analyzer using standard tools. See the following section for
repairing procedures (including the tools needed). If any repairing step requires a validating step, the
repair engineer should strictly follow the procedure and take the validating step.

When following the repairing procedure as specified in this section, the operator should put on
rubber gloves and clean both hands with disinfectant after performing any repair work.

3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs

3.2.1 Disassembling the Left Side Panel

Purpose
While performing regular machine maintenance and inspection, the left-side door needs to be
opened to disassemble the sampling syringe assembly, reagent testing panel, or electromagnetic
valve assembly, which are all in the left section of the machine.

Tools/Spare Parts
#2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver

Opening
1. As shown in Figure 3-1, use #2 (Ph2) cross screw driver to take out four M3×8 cross recessed
pan-head combination screws on the back panel, and take off the back panel.

68
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-1 Disassembling the back panel

1 - Back panel 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

combination screw (×4)

2. As shown in Figure 3-2, use #2 (Ph2) cross screw driver to take out three M3×8 cross recessed
pan-head combination screws on the left side panel, and take off the left side panel.
Figure 3-2 Disassembling the left side panel

1- M3×6 cross-recessed 2 - Left side panel

countersunk-head screw (×3)

69
 3 Repairs

3.2.2 Open the Right Side Door

Purpose
While performing machine maintenance and inspection, the right side door needs to be opened to
disassemble the preheating bath assembly, pinch valve, sampling assembly, liquid pump assembly,
impedance counting reaction bath assembly (WBC & RBC), negative-pressure chamber, or
electromagnetic valve & pump assembly, which are all in the right section of the machine.

Tools/Spare Parts
Slot-type screwdriver

Opening
As shown in Figure 3-3, insert the slot-type screwdriver into the slot in the right side door lock and
rotate 90° counterclockwise, then manually open the right side door.
Figure 3-3 Opening the right side door

3.2.3 Disassembling the Panel Cover

Purpose
While performing regular machine maintenance and inspection, the panel cover needs to be taken
down for disassembling the sample probe, cleaning swab, sampling assembly, or indicator light
panel.

Tools/Spare Parts
#2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver

70
 3 Repairs

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device and pull out the power cord plug from the
back panel of the device.
2. The left side panel has been disassembled. See 3.2.1 Disassembling the Left Side Panel.
3. The right-side door is opened. See 3.2.2 Open the Right Side Door.

Disassembly
1. Disassembly the back panel: use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the three M3×6
cross-recessed pan-head combination screw on the back panel, and take off the back panel, as
shown in Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Disassembling the back panel

1 - Right side door 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

countersunk-head screw (×3)

2. Disassembly top cover: Open the right side door and disassemble 4 M3×8 cross-recessed
countersunk-head screws on both sides of top cover by #2 (Ph2) Philips screwdriver, the top
cover can be removed, as shown in Figure 3-5.

71
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-5 Disassembling the top cover panel

1 - Top cover panel 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

countersunk-head screw (×4)

3. Take off the panel cover: as shown in Figure 3-6, take out the six affixing M3×8 cross-recessed
countersunk head screws in order to take off the panel cover.

When removing the panel cover, make sure to pull out the wires connected to the display circuit
panel on the panel cover.

Figure 3-6 Disassembling the panel cover

1 - Panel cover 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

countersunk-head screw (×6)

72
 3 Repairs

3.3 Display Screen Assembly Replacement

3.3.1 Replacing the Touch Screen

Purpose
The display screen can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 Display screen

Disassembly
1. Pull out both interfaces at the shield panel of the LCD screen interface panel, use #2 (Ph2) cross
screw driver to remove four M3×8 cross recessed pan-head combination screws on the shield
panel, take off the shield panel, then detach the black buckles on both ends, gently pull out the
golden ribbon cable, as shown in Figure 3-7.
Figure 3-7 Replacement of display screen (1)

1 - Bunch interface 2 - LCD screen interface panel

3 - M3×8 cross recessed pan-head 4 - Ribbon cable interface

combination screw (×4)

2. Use #2 (Ph2) cross screw driver to remove eight M3×8 cross recessed pan-head combination
screws on the screen support, take off the screen support, display screen and touch screen
respectively, as shown in Figure 3-8.

73
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-8 Replacement of display screen (2)

1 - Touch screen 2 - Display screen

3 - Screen support 4 - M3×8 cross recessed pan-head

combination screw (×8)

3.4 Sampling Assembly Replacement

3.4.1 Replacing the Sample probe

Purpose
The sample probe can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 Sample probe

Disassembly
1. Pull out the swab's snap ring to detach it from the lower bracket panel. See Figure 3-9.

74
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-9 Replacement of sample probe (1)

1 - Cleaning swab 2 - Swab circlip

2. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to take out the two M3×6 small cross recessed pan head
combination screws on the fixed pressure plate of the sample probe, and then take off the fixed
pressure plate. See Figure 3-10.
Figure 3-10 Replacement of sample probe (2)

2 - Pressure plate affixing the

1 - Sample probe
sample probe

3 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

combination screw (×2)

75
 3 Repairs

3.4.2 Replacing the Optocoupler

Purpose
The optocoupler can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 Optocoupler

Disassembly
Use the 2.5mm hex wrench to remove the M3 hex screw affixing the optocoupler, then pull out the
plug attached to the optocoupler wire to disassemble the optocoupler to be replaced. See Figure
3-11.
Figure 3-11 Replacement of optocoupler

1 - Optocoupler 2 - Sampling assembly

3.4.3 Replacing the Sampling Assembly in X- or Y-direction

Purpose
The sampling assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in
this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before
you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 diagonal cutting pliers

76
 3 Repairs

Disassembly
1. Use the diagonal cutting pliers to cut off all the nylon binding tapes affixing the fluid tubes
(aspiration tubes of the sample probe and swab tubes), then pull out the fluid tubes of the sample
probe and the swab to detach them from the sampling assembly.
2. Pull out all the motor wires and optocoupler plug from the horizontal moving module of the
sample assembly, and use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to take out the three M3×6 cross
recessed countersunk head screws affixing the bracket for drag chains to detach the
sampling-specific drag chain from the sampling assembly. See Figure 3-12.
Figure 3-12 Replacement of the sampling assembly in X- or Y-direction (1)

1 - tank drag chain connector 2 - M3×6 cross-recessed

countersunk-head screw (×3)
3. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to take out the four M4×10 cross recessed pan head
combination screws affixing the sampling assembly, and then carefully and gently take the
sampling assembly out of the machine; during the process of removal, carefully pull out the wires
and plugs for the horizontal motor and optocoupler of the sampling assembly from the
corresponding apertures in the machine. Then pull out all the plugs to completely remove the
sampling assembly. See Figure 3-13.

77
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-13 Replacement of the sampling assembly in X- or Y-direction (2)

1 - Sampling assembly 2 - M4×10 cross-recessed

pan-head combination screw (×4)

3.5 Power Assembly Replacement

Purpose
The power assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 Phillips screwdriver
 Power assembly with the same specifications

Disassembly
1. Use Phillips screwdriver to take out four M3×8 cross recessed pan-head combination screws on
the back of the device power supply assembly, then remove one M3×8 cross recessed pan-head
combination screw on the front, as shown in Figure 3-14.

78
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-14 Replacement of power assembly (1)

1 - Power assembly 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

pan-head combination screw (×5)
2. Unplug all the connectors attached to the lead wire of the power assembly.
3. Take off the power supply required to be replaced from the power supply assembly, and replace
with a new power supply, fix it with screws.

3.6 Hydraulics Components incl. Valves, Pumps, and

Pressure Chambers Replacement

3.6.1 Replacing the valve assembly

Purpose
The valve assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this
section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 The replacement valve with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.
2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. If it is only the electromagnetic valve on the left or right clapboard that needs to be replaced,

79
 3 Repairs

open the corresponding left- or right-side door; if the one on the front panel needs to be replaced,
remove the front panel cover by following the instructions in 3.2.3 Disassembling the Panel
Cover.

Disassembly
1. Disassemble the peripheral fluid tubes connected to the valve assembly.
2. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the two M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the valve assembly, and carefully take out the valve assembly
while making sure to unplug the attached wires. See Figure 3-15.
Figure 3-15 Replacement of valve assembly

1 - the corresponding replacement valve 2 - Installation panel affixing the valve

3 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

combination screw (×2)

Installation

 Make sure to the use correct model of valve and create a reliable connection
 All the wirings need to be set up according to the original positions of the machine components
to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.
 This machine involves a great number of valves. Only one valve is discussed as an example
here, and all the other valves follow the same maintenance procedures.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

80
 3 Repairs

3.6.2 Replacing the Liquid Pump Assembly

Purpose
The liquid pump assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified
in this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken
before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 The replacement liquid pump with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device.
2. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the device.
3. Open the right side door.

Disassembly
1. Pull out the peripheral fluid tubes and wire connectors attached to the liquid pump.
2. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to loosen the two M4×10 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the liquid pump, and move the liquid pump assembly to the left till
the big hole on the affixing panel of the liquid pump is aligned to the affixing screw, then carefully
hold up the liquid pump assembly to take it out. See Figure 3-16.
Figure 3-16 Replacement of liquid pump assembly (1)

1 - Liquid pump assembly 2 - M4×10 cross-recessed

pan-head combination screw (×2)

81
 3 Repairs

3. The further dismantling of the liquid pump assembly is shown in Figure 3-17.
Figure 3-17 Replacement of liquid pump assembly (2)

1 - Liquid pump 2- M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex screw (×8)

Installation

 All the wirings need to be set up according to their original positions to prevent them from being
crushed or otherwise damaged, and to prevent the working liquid pump from being shaken,
which affects the fluid tubes.
 Pay special attention to the tubing joints and ensure that the connections are sound.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Close the right side door.
2. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch on the left
panel of the device.

3.6.3 Replacing the Negative-pressure Chamber Assembly

Purpose
The negative-pressure chamber assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the
procedures specified in this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs
need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver

82
 3 Repairs

 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver

 The replacement parts or assembly of the negative-pressure chamber with the corresponding
specifications

Preliminary Steps
Open the right side door.

Disassembly
1. Disassemble the peripheral fluid tubes connected to the negative-pressure chamber.
2. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the two M4×10 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screws which affix the negative-pressure chamber, and carefully take out the
negative-pressure chamber assembly. See Figure 3-18.
Figure 3-18 Replacement of negative-pressure chamber assembly

1 - Negative-pressure chamber 2 - M4×10 cross-recessed

assembly pan-head combination screw (×2)

3. The further dismantling of the negative-pressure chamber assembly is the same as that of the
positive-pressure chamber assembly.

Installation

 Make sure to place the seal ring into the seal tank to keep the pressure chamber airtight.
 All the tubing needs to be set up according to the relevant standards or the original positions of
the machine components to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

Close the right side door.

83
 3 Repairs

3.7 Syringe Assembly Replacement

3.7.1 Replacing the syringe

Purpose
The syringe can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in this section;
however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 The replacement syringe assembly with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
Open the left side door.

Disassembly
1. Pull out the peripheral fluid tubes connected to the syringe assembly to be replaced.
2. Use the 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver to disassemble the two M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex
screws affixing the syringe assembly. Then take out the syringe assembly. See Figure 3-19.
Figure 3-19 Replacement of syringe

2
1

1- Syringe module 2- M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex screw (×2)

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

84
 3 Repairs

3.7.2 Replacing the Motor

Tools/Spare Parts
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 The replacement syringe assembly with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
Open the left side door.

Disassembly
1. Pull out the peripheral fluid tubes connected to the syringe module to be replaced.
2. Use #2 (Ph2) cross screw driver to remove four M3×8 cross recessed pan-head combination
screws, take off the syringe assembly. See Figure 3-20.
Figure 3-20 Replacement of motor (1)

1
2

3. Use the 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver to disassemble the two M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex
screws affixing the syringe module. Then take out the syringe. See Figure 3-19.
4. Take out the two M3×8 inner hex screws on the shield cover, then remove the white bolt from the
motor. Next, remove the four M3×8 inner hex screws from the back of the motor for the
replacement. See Figure 3-21.

85
 3 Repairs

Figure 3-21 Replacement of motor (2)

1 - Motor bolt 2 - Motor

3 - M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex screw (×9)

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

3.8 WBC and RBC Bath Assemblies Replacement

3.8.1 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly

Purpose
The WBC counting bath assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures
specified in this section; however, in each case, Preliminary Steps needs to be taken before you
begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 The replacement WBC counting bath assembly with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Run the draining sequence of the software to drain any residual liquid inside the machine.
2. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device and pull out the power cord plug from the
back panel of the device.
3. Open the right side door.

86
 3 Repairs

Disassembly
1. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screw in the lower section of the shield cover to remove the cover; to take out the
screw, move slightly upwards for 3mm or so and apply force in a direction perpendicular to the
right clapboard. See Figure 3-22.
Figure 3-22 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly (1)

1 - Shield cover of the counting bath 2 - Cross-recessed pan-head combination screw

2. Pull out the peripheral fluid tubes attached to the WBC counting bath assembly. Pay attention to
handling the residual fluid; try to prevent it from flowing onto the other components in the
machine, and wipe clean if necessary.
3. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screw for grounding on the middle clapboard of the shield case cover and pull out
the grounding wire. See Figure 3-23.
Figure 3-23 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly (2)

1 - WBC counting chamber 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

assembly combination screw

87
 3 Repairs

4. Use 2.5mm hex wrench to remove the two M3×8 stainless-steel hex-socket screws affixing the
upper section of WBC counting bath assembly. See Figure 3-24.
Figure 3-24 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly (3)

1 - WBC counting chamber 2 - M3×8 stainless-steel inner

assembly hex screw (×2)

5. Carefully and slowly take out the WBC counting bath assembly. Pay attention to the wiring in the
process of moving to avoid breaking the wires.
6. Remove the protective ring from the shield case and open the wire clip to take out the inner wire
along the stretching direction of the wire. Then take out the WBC counting bath assembly as a
whole.
7. The further dismantling of the WBC counting chamber assembly. See Figure 3-25.
Figure 3-25 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath assembly (4)

1 - Front counting bath (WBC) 2 - HGB emission tube holder

3 - LED 4 - HGB receiving tube holder
5 - Optical filter 6 - Optical receiver

88
 3 Repairs

Installation

 All the wirings need to be set up according to the working procedures or the original positions of
the machine components to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.
 Pay special attention to the tubing joints and ensure that the connections are sound.
 The aperture, seal gasket, and seal ring need to be correctly positioned and oriented in the right
direction.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Reinstall the shield case cover.
2. Close the right side door.
3. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch on the left
panel of the device.

3.8.2 Dismantling and replacing the RBC bath assembly

Purpose
The RBC counting bath assembly can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures
specified in this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be
taken before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2.5mm hex-socket screwdriver
 The replacement WBC counting bath assembly with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Run the draining sequence of the software to drain any residual liquid inside the machine.
2. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device and pull out the power cord plug from the
back panel of the device.
3. Open the right side door.

Disassembly
1. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screw in the lower section of the shield cover to remove the cover; to take out the
screw, move slightly upwards for 3mm or so and apply force in a direction perpendicular to the
right clapboard.
Refer to the corresponding section in 3.8.1 Dismantling and replacing the WBC bath
assembly.

89
 3 Repairs

2. Pull out the peripheral fluid tubes attached to the RBC counting bath assembly.
Pay attention to handling the residual fluid; try to prevent it from flowing onto the other
components in the machine, and wipe clean if necessary.
3. Use a #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver to disassemble the M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head
combination screw for grounding on the middle clapboard of the shield case cover and pull out
the grounding wire. See Figure 3-26.
Figure 3-26 Dismantling and replacing the RBC bath assembly (1)

1 - RBC counting chamber assembly 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

combination screw
4. Use 2.5mm hex wrench to remove the two M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex screws affixing the
upper section of the RBC counting bath assembly. See Figure 3-27.
Figure 3-27 Dismantling and replacing the RBC bath assembly (2)

1 - RBC counting chamber assembly 2- M3×8 stainless-steel inner hex screw (×2)

90
 3 Repairs

5. Carefully and slowly take out the RBC counting bath assembly. Pay attention to the wiring during
the process of moving to avoid breaking the wires.
6. Remove the protective ring from the shield case and open the wire clip to take out the inner wire
along the stretching direction of the wire. Then take out the RBC counting bath assembly as a
whole.
7. The further dismantling of the RBC counting chamber assembly. See Figure 3-28.
Figure 3-28 Dismantling and replacing the RBC bath assembly (3)

1 - Front counting bath 2 - Flat rubber gasket 6*4.5*0.5

3 - RBC aperture 4 - Flat rubber gasket 6*3*0.5

5 - O-shaped ring 5.5*1.0 6 - Electrode of the rear bath

7 - O-shaped ring 6.5*1.0 8 - Rear chamber

Installation

 All the wirings need to be set up according to the working procedures or the original positions of
the machine components to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.
 Pay special attention to the tubing joints and ensure that the connections are sound.
 The aperture, seal gasket, and seal ring need to be correctly positioned and oriented in the right
direction.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Reinstall the shield case cover.
2. Close the right side door.
3. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch on the left
panel of the device.

91
 3 Repairs

3.9 Main Control Panel Replacement

Purpose
The main control panel can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in
this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before
you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 Phillips screwdriver
 Corresponding specifications needed to replace the main control panel

Preliminary Steps
1. Pull out the power cord plug from the rear panel of the analyzer, and turn off the power switch.
2. Disassemble the screws on the back panel of housing and remove the back panel of the
housing.

Disassembly
1. Pull out the peripheral wires and connectors attached to the main control panel.
2. As shown in Figure 3-29, disassemble four M4×8 cross recessed pan-head combination screws
fixing the main control panel, and remove the main control panel.
Figure 3-29 Replacement of the main control panel

2 1

1 - Main control panel 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head

combination screw (×4)

92
 3 Repairs

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Assemble the back panel of housing.
2. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch.

3.10 Reagent Testing Panel Replacement

Purpose
The reagent testing panel can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified
in this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken
before you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 The replacement reagent testing panel with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device and pull out the power cord plug from the
back panel of the device.
2. Open the left side door.

Disassembly
1. Remove the two M3×8 cross recessed pan-head combination screws fixing the reagent partition
plate, and remove the reagent partition plate. See Figure 3-30.
Figure 3-30 Replacement of reagent testing panel (1)

1 - Reagent partition plate 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

pan-head combination screw (×2)

93
 3 Repairs

2. Pull out all the exposed peripheral wires connected to the reagent testing panel.
3. Remove the four M3×8 cross-recessed pan-head combination screws affixing the reagent testing
panel and carefully take out the reagent testing panel. Make sure that the metal parts will not
scratch the wiring at the rear of the panel. Pull out the rear wiring to remove the reagent testing
panel. See Figure 3-31.
Figure 3-31 Replacement of reagent testing panel (2)

1 - Reagent detection panel 2 - M3×8 cross-recessed

pan-head combination screw (×4)

Installation

 All the wirings need to be set up according to the working procedures or the original positions of
the machine components to prevent them from being crushed or otherwise damaged.
 Pay attention to the position of wires when installing the sensor panel so as to prevent the wires
from breaking.

Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Close the corresponding left side door.
2. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch on the left
panel of the device.

94
 3 Repairs

3.11 Disassembling and Replacing the Temperature

Sensor
Purpose
The temperature sensor can be disassembled and replaced by following the procedures specified in
this section; however, in each case, 3.2 Preparatory Work Before Repairs need to be taken before
you begin.

Tools/Spare Parts
 #2 (Ph2) Phillips screwdriver
 2 hex-socket screwdriver
 The replacement temperature sensor with the same specifications

Preliminary Steps
1. Turn off the power switch on the left side of the device and pull out the power cord plug from the
back panel of the device.
2. Open the left side door and the front panel cover.

Disassembly
Loosen the screws in the bracket for temperature sensor to take the sensor out. Then replace it with
a new sensor and tighten the screws. See Figure 3-32.
Figure 3-32 Disassembling the temperature sensor

1 - Temperature sensor 2 - Temperature sensor bracket

3 - M3×8 fixation screws

95
 3 Repairs

Installation
Follow the corresponding disassembly steps in reverse order.

Resetting the Machine

1. Re-install the front panel cover, and close the corresponding left side door.
2. Plug the power cord into the back panel of the device and turn on the power switch on the left
panel of the device.

96
 4 Software Upgrade

4 Software Upgrade

4.1 Preparation
1. Get officially provided upgrade package, and prepare a USB flash disk for storing the upgrade
package.

 Please adopt USB flash disks manufactured by legitimate manufacturers.

 The USB flash disk capacity shall be larger than 1G, and the format is FAT32.

2. Copy the upgrade package to the root directory of the USB flash disk (Do not paste it into any
newly-created folder).
3. Insert the USB flash disk with upgrade package into the USB interface of the host.
4. Use service authority to log in to the host.

4.2 Upgrading Steps

1. Enter the Service interface, and click the Upgrade button, as shown in the picture below.

97
 4 Software Upgrade

The host will detect the USB flash disk. 2~5 seconds later, if the USB flash disk cannot be
recognized, there will be corresponding prompt in the interface, please insert the USB flash disk
again; if the USB flash disk can be recognized, there will be dialog box in the interface as follows.

2. Select the upgrade file upgrade_1104_vxxx_XXXXXXXXXXXX.tar, and click Yes.

vxxx indicates the version of the upgrade file, and XXXXXXXXXXXX indicates the release date
of the upgrade file.
The system will pop up a similar interface as follows, listing the modules able to be upgraded and
their versions.

Meaning of the name of each module:

 LS: System boot program version
 OS: Operating system version
 HFPGA: FPGA program version
 DMCU: MCU program version
 AS: Application version
3. Click Yes to start the upgrade; click No to cancel the upgrade and restart the analyzer.

98
 4 Software Upgrade

There will be prompt with the upgrading progress on the screen. If the upgrade is successful, the
progress bar will display 100%. See the picture below.

4. Turn off the power supply of the analyzer, and restart the analyzer.

4.3 Touch Screen Calibration

After replacing with a new touch screen, it is necessary to calibrate the touch screen prior to use,
steps for calibration are as follows:
1. Prepare a USB flash disk with FAT32 format, create a new ts.txt file under its root directory.
2. Insert the USB flash disk into the USB interface on the analyzer.
3. Turn on the device power supply, and start the analyzer.
4. When the login interface is displayed on the LCD screen, press and hold the sample Aspirate key
for more than 15s.
There will be black calibration interface displayed on the LCD screen, as shown in the picture
below.

5. Use a hard object, such as a toothpick or pencil to click the focal points successively appearing
on the screen (5 points in total).
After clicking 5 focal points, the touch screen calibration is complete.
6. Turn off the power supply of the analyzer, and restart the analyzer.

99
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

Since the replacement and maintenance of some components can lead to changes in relevant tuning
parameters, this section introduces the tuning procedures for the parameters that may be affected.

5.1 Position Adjustment

NOTE: The swab height needs to be reset after the replacement of the sampling assembly and
relevant parts of the sampling swab.
After the replacement of the sampling assembly or swab, perform the following tuning procedures.
1. Enter the Service screen and click Position Adjustment.
2. Click Start and check the distance between the bottom of the sample probe and the bottom of
the swab. If the sample probe is lower than the swab, click Up; if higher, click Down. Each click
will move the sample probe slightly. In the end, the bottom of the sample probe will be aligned
with the bottom of the swab. Then click "OK".

3. Next, click Check to run the initialization of the sample probe. Check if the bottom of the sample
probe is still aligned with the bottom of the swab (see Figure 5-1). If it is, click OK to complete the
tuning; if not, repeat Steps 1~2.

100
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

Figure 5-1 Position Adjustment

5.2 HGB Voltage Gain Setting

NOTE: The HGB voltage gain setting needs to be performed for the replacement of WBC bath, HGB
wire and/or main control panel.
1. In the Setup > Meterage screen, click Gain Settings.
2. Click the up/down adjustment button after the filling blank for HGB value and HGB background
voltage value will change accordingly within 4.5+/-0.3V.
3. Click OK (see Figure 5-2).
Figure 5-2 HGB voltage gain setting

101
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

5.3 Gain Calibration

NOTE: Gain calibration needs to be performed for the replacement of RBC bath and/or main control
panel.
1. Click Service > Gain cal. to access the gain calibration screen. See Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3 Gain calibration

2. Fill in the cell corresponding to MCV with the MCV reference value for quality control.
3. Perform the QC test for three times in a row for the first run.
The results for each time will be automatically displayed.
 If the CV falls within reasonable parameters, the screen will show the CV and Gain values for
the first run. Go to step 4.
 If it does not fall within reasonable parameters, you’ll be prompted to redo the calibration.
Please click OK to close the message box. Then click Clear to delete the data, and repeat
the step 3.
4. Perform the QC test for three times in a row for the second run.
The results for each time will be automatically displayed.
 If the CV falls within reasonable parameters, the screen will show the CV and Gain values for
the second run, and show the final results. Please click "OK" to complete gain calibration.
 If it does not fall within reasonable parameters, you’ll be prompted to redo the calibration.
Please click OK to close the message box. Then click Clear to delete the data, and repeat
the step 4.

5.4 Calibration of Calibrators

NOTE: The calibrators need calibration for the replacement of the WBC bath, the RBC bath, and/or
the main control panel.

5.4.1 Calibration in Whole-blood Mode

1. In standby mode, click Cal to enter the calibration screen.
2. Select Calibrator (see Figure 5-4).

102
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

Figure 5-4 Auto Calibration Using Calibrators

3. Input the calibrator lot No. JZQX-01 in the text box for Lot No., and click the Exp. Date control to
set the expiry date of the calibrator.
4. Input the target value of the current calibrator parameter.
The calibration mode is Whole Blood by default, so there is no need to set the mode.
5. Set the well-shaken calibrator under the sample probe, then press the aspiration key on the
analyzer to start the calibration counting.
6. Repeat step 5 for a total of 12 times to get 12 results of calibration counting.
 After the counting is complete, a dialog box will pop up indicating that the test is complete.
Click the Save button to save the calibration result.
 If significant differences are found across results, a dialog box for data abnormality will pop
up. Please redo the calibration.

5.4.2 Calibration in Predilute Mode

1. In standby mode, click Cal to enter the calibration screen.
2. Select Predilute on the right side of the screen.
3. Input the calibrator lot No. JZYXS-01 in the text box for Lot No., and click the Exp. Date control
to set the expiry date of the calibrator.
4. For calibration using the prediluted calibrators, please refer to steps 4~6 in whole-blood mode.

103
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

5.5 LIS Connection

If the analyzer needs to be connected to laboratory information system (hereinafter referred to as
LIS), you can complete the connection by following the steps in this section.

5.5.1 Installing LIS Workstation

1. Install LIS workstation and set instrument type and model.
2. Enter LIS workstation network setup interface after installation and set monitoring IP address and
port number.

Refer to Description of LIS Communication Protocol for Dymind Hematology Analyzers to

complete the support of the LIS workstation to the LIS communication protocol.

5.5.2 Host Communication Settings

1. Use a network cable to connect the analyzer to LIS local area network.
2. Log on the auto hematology analyzer software; if the analyzer is turned on, skip this step.
The whole process lasts for 4 to 12 minutes. Please be patient.
3. In the Setup interface, click Host Communication in the Communication selection to access
the Laboratory Information System (LIS) communication setting interface. See Figure 5-5.
Figure 5-5 Host Communication Settings

104
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

4. Set the IP address and other network information of the analyzer according to the actual
situation.
 If the network is accessed through a router on the site, please select Obtain an IP address
automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically.
 If the network is accessed through a network switch, or the analyzer is directly connected to
the LIS on the site, please select Use the following address, so as to manually set the IP
address and subnet mask of the analyzer. The IP addresses of the analyzer and LIS must be
in the same network segment. Furthermore, their subnet masks shall be the same, while
other parameters can maintain null.
5. Click OK to save the settings and close the dialog box.

5.5.3 Connecting Analyzer with LIS

1. Log on the auto hematology analyzer software; if the analyzer is turned on, skip this step.
The whole process lasts for 4 to 12 minutes. Please be patient.
2. In the Setup interface, click LIS Communication in the Communication selection to access the
Laboratory Information System (LIS) communication setting interface.
See Figure 5-6.
Figure 5-6 LIS Communication Settings

3. Input the IP address and port of LIS workstation in Network Settings area.
Find the IP address and port of LIS in the network setup interface in the LIS workstation; if IP

105
 5 Comprehensive Device Tuning

address can’t be found, try the method below:

a. Enter the operating system of LIS workstation.
b. Press combination key [Windows+R] to open the Run window.
c. Input cmd, and then click OK.
d. Input the ipconfig command into the cmd.exe window popped out.
The interface shows similar content as follows:

The IPv4 address in the red box is the IP address of LIS workstation.

The IP address 192.168.8.44 of the LIS workstation shown as above is used as an example, real IP
should be in the same network segment with LIS server.

4. Click OK to save the settings.

5. Check if the connection is successful.

The LIS icon in the upper right side on the analyzer screen turns from gray to black ,
which indicates auto hematology analyzer software is connected to LIS successfully.
If the icon stays gray, the connection fails. Please check if the IP address and port of LIS is
correct and reconnect as the steps above; if the problem still exists, please contact the hospital
network administrator to handle it.

106
 6 Alarms and Solutions

6 Alarms and Solutions

This section introduces error messages that can appear in the analyzer, possible causes, and
troubleshooting steps to be taken by the operator. If the problem persists after troubleshooting,
please take hardware issues into account and consider replacing the relevant parts or panels.
For the following issues, please click the error message box at the bottom right corner of the
software interface, then click "Remove Error" in the popup dialog box. Usually the problem will be
automatically resolved; if it persists, refer to the "Solution" column for further maintenance.

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

The syringe fails to This syringe problem can occur while it is being
leave its initial moved. Please refer to the following solution:
position. 1. Follow the instructions in 3.7 Syringe Assembly
Syringe fails to return Replacement to disassemble the syringe, then
to its initial position. remove the dust cover and optocoupler. Plug the
optocoupler into the connector of the syringe
The syringe takes too optocoupler. The user enters the Status > Sensor
many steps to return screen and covers the center of the optocoupler with
Syringe
1 to its initial position. a piece of paper. Check if the optocoupler status
problem
shown in the screen is blocked; if yes, then the
Syringe busy. optocoupler is working properly.
2. Follow the instructions in 3.7.2 Replacing the
Motor to disassemble the syringe motor and replace
Syringe action it with a new motor. Then go to syringe self-test
overtime. under Service > Self-test > Syringe; if the syringe
is working, then the maintenance has been
successful.

The horizontal motor 1. The user enters the Status > Sensor screen and
fails to leave its initial covers the center of the optocoupler with a piece of
position. paper. Check if the optocoupler status shown in the
screen is blocked. If it is, then the optocoupler is
The horizontal motor working properly; if not, then refer to 3.4.2
fails to return to its Replacing the Optocoupler on how to replace the
Horizontal initial position. optocoupler.
2 motor
problem The motor fails to 2. Refer to 3.4.3 Replacing the Sampling Assembly
move to the WBC in X- or Y-direction to disassemble the sampling
position. assembly and make sure the motor wiring is secure.
If the wiring is OK, then disassemble the motor and
The motor fails to replace it with a new one. After the installation, make
move to the RBC proper adjustments to the belt's tension, then go to
position. the syringe self-test under Service > Self-test >

107
 6 Alarms and Solutions

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

The motor fails to Syringe. If the syringe is working, then the

move to the open maintenance process is OK.
sampling position.

The horizontal motor

is busy.

Horizontal motor
timeout

The optocoupler of
the horizontal motor
is not working
properly.

The vertical motor 1. The user enters Status > Sensor screen and covers
fails to leave its initial the center of the vertical optocoupler with a piece of
position. paper. Check if the corresponding optocoupler
status shown in the screen is blocked. If it is, then
The vertical motor the optocoupler is working properly; if not, then refer
fails to return to its to 3.4.2 Replacing the Optocoupler on how to
initial position. replace the optocoupler.
The motor fails to 2. Refer to 3.4.3 Replacing the Sampling Assembly
move into position to in X- or Y-direction to disassemble the motor from
isolate the air the sampling assembly and make sure motor wiring
bubbles. is secure. If the wiring is OK, then disassemble the
motor and replace it with a new one. After the
Vertical The motor fails to installation, make the proper adjustments to the belt
3 motor move to the DIFF tension, then go to the syringe self-test under
problem bath position. Service > Self-test > Syringe. If the syringe is
working, then it has been successfully fixed.
The motor fails to
move to the counting
bath position.

The motor fails to

move to the open
sampling position.

The vertical motor is

busy.

Vertical motor
timeout

The CC Refer to 3.9 Main Control Panel Replacement to

source The CC source replace the main control panel.
4
voltage is voltage is abnormal.
abnormal

108
 6 Alarms and Solutions

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

Refer to 2.4.1 Integral Replacement of the Optical

Assembly to disassemble the optical shield cover and
see if the optical laser is on with normal power input
The laser (the normal measurement range of the optical power
Abnormal laser
5 current is meter is 4.8+/-0.5). If the optical laser is not on or the
current.
abnormal measured optical power is far lower than 4.8, this
means that the laser is burnt out. Please refer to 2.4.1
Integral Replacement of the Optical Assembly to
replace the entire optical assembly.

The 12V +12V power is not Refer to 3.9 Main Control Panel Replacement to
power is working properly. replace the main control panel.
6
not working -12V power is not
properly working properly.

1. Take another measurement after performing the

soaking with probe cleanser to see if the problem
has been resolved. If not, enter into the system for
multiple times to check HGB background voltage. If
the voltage is steady and exceeds the standard
Abnormal HGB ratings, please perform the following procedures.
background voltage. 2. Go to Setup > Host Settings > Gain Settings
(The rated range of screen, adjust the current HGB gain and set HGB
background voltage background voltage within 4.5+/-0.1V.
Abnormal
7 background is 4.2~4.8V; a system 3. If the problem persists, please try to clean the
voltage message "abnormal transmitting end and the receiving end of the HGB
background voltage" bracket. These two areas should not be cleaned with
will be shown to alcohol or organic solvents. Instead, use a rubber
remind the user to pipette bulb for purging. If the counting bath is
adjust HGB gain.) contaminated with overflown liquid, wipe it clean with
tissue paper that will not flake.
4. If the problem persists after the above steps are
taken, please consider replacing any relevant
components such as the HGB bracket or analog
panel.

Check if the ambient temperature is within the

The ambient
specified range of 15~30°C; if yes, refer to 3.11
temperature exceeds
Abnormal Disassembling and Replacing the Temperature
the working range.
8 temperatur Sensor to replace the temperature sensor.
e Preheating bath Check if the wiring between the temperature sensor
temperature out of and the heating plate in DIFF bath is loose. If the
working range connection is OK, replace the DIFF bath.

109
 6 Alarms and Solutions

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

Check if the wiring between the optical temperature

sensor and the heating rod in the DIFF bath is loose; If
the connection is OK, use a thermometer to measure
Optical system the temperature inside the aperture at the top of the
temperature out of front-end optical assembly. Check if the temperature is
working range. within the working range.
If it is not, replace the heating rod; otherwise, replace
the temperature sensor.

The Refer to 2.2.12.9 Problems with Creating Positive

positive-pressure Pressure for troubleshooting.
chamber fails to
create pressure

Abnormal pressure of
positive-pressure
chamber (lower than
normal)

Abnormal pressure of
positive-pressure
chamber (higher than
Pressure normal)
9 chamber
problem The Refer to 2.2.12.10 Problems in Creating the
negative-pressure Negative Pressure for troubleshooting.
chamber fails to
create pressure

Abnormal pressure of
negative-pressure
chamber (lower than
normal)

Abnormal pressure of
negative-pressure
chamber (higher than
normal)

Clogging of Flow cell clog. Refer to 2.2.12.4 Clogging of the Flow

flow Chamber/DIFF Probe to clean the flow chamber or
10
chamber/DI DIFF probe clogging. DIFF probe for multiple times.
FF probe

110
 6 Alarms and Solutions

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

1. Check if the reagent has expired or is contaminated.

2. Go to the Service > Maintenance > Maintain
screen and click cleanser soaking to clean the
hydraulics. Then return to the Sample Analysis
Abnormal screen and conduct background measurements to
background. see if the problem has been resolved.

Abnormal (One or multiple 3. If the problem persists, please check for any
11 results of background peripheral interference from the grounding wire or
background
measurement shield wire, or if any electric-brush devices such as
exceed the drills are being used on and off in the area. This can
background range.) influence the counting results.
4. If there is no such interference, please check the
airtightness of each syringe and the rear chamber of
the counting bath. If the airtightness is
unsatisfactory, then replace accordingly.

1. Go to the Service > Maintenance > Maintain

screen and click Unclog to start unclogging.
2. Go to the Service > Self-test > Valve/Pump
Abnormal
Self-test screen, click Valve 18 and check if it is
12 RBC RBC clogging.
working. If it is OK, please refer to 2.2.12.5 Aperture
counting
Clogging of the RBC Channel for operation.
3. Go to the Service > Maintenance > Maintain
screen and click RBC Channel Cleanser Soak.

Check the connection of the float sensor at the rear

Waste Waste container is
13 section of the machine; if the connection is OK, replace
overflow full.
the float sensor for waste overflow detection.

DIL-C expired. Expired reagent or insufficient residual amount. This

means that the reagent has gone out of date or the
Insufficient DIL-C. amount remaining is insufficient to support hydraulics
DIL-C not replaced. operations such as counting. Please following the
troubleshooting procedures below:
LYC-1 expired. Go to the Reagent Management > Setup screen,
Abnormal scan the barcode of the new reagent as shown in the
14 Insufficient LYC-1.
reagent alarm message, and then load the reagent to resolve
LYC-1 not replaced. the problem.

LYC-2 expired.

Insufficient LYC-2.

LYC-2 not replaced.

111
 6 Alarms and Solutions

Problem Problem Solution

Problem Description
No. Name

1. Check if DIL-C is running out.

2. If the remaining volume of DIL-C is a lot, check if the
diluent float sensor is placed correctly. If it does,
click the Remove Error button to automatically
resolve the error.
3. If DIL-C is running out, replace with new DIL-C. And
then click the Setup button on the reagent
DIL-C running out.
management interface, and set up the reagent
information according to prompts.
4. Click the Remove Error button to automatically
resolve the error.
5. If the remaining volume of DIL-C is a lot, or the error
persists after replacing with new DIL-C, replace the
diluent float sensor.

1. Check if LYC-1 has air bubbles in inlet tubing or is

running out.
2. If there is no LYC-1, replace with new LYC-1. Click
the Remove Error button to automatically resolve
15 No reagent
LYC-1 running out or the error.
air bubbles in inlet 3. If the remaining volume of LYC-1 is a lot, or the error
tubing. persists after replacing with new LYC-1, perform the
next step.
4. Check whether the reagent detection module is
cracked. If it is cracked, replace the reagent
detection module component with a new one.

1. Check if LYC-2 has air bubbles in inlet tubing or is

running out.
2. If there is no LYC-2, replace with new LYC-2. Click
the Remove Error button to automatically resolve
LYC-2 running out or the error.
air bubbles in inlet 3. If the remaining volume of LYC-2 is a lot, or the error
tubing. persists after replacing with new LYC-2, perform the
next step.
4. Check whether the reagent detection module is
cracked. If it is cracked, replace the reagent
detection module component with a new one.

Check if the right-side door is open. The door should

The right-side door is not press against the microswitch. If the door is
Door or open. properly closed, please replace the microswitch on the
16 cover open side door.
error. Open the optical shield cover, then close it again to
Optical assembly
check if the problem has been resolved; if not, replace
cover is open.
the optical microswitch.

112
 7 Maintenance Inventory

7 Maintenance Inventory

No. Material No. Material Name

1 20.01.0121A WBC counting bath assembly

2 20.01.0144A RBC counting bath assembly

3 20.01.0321A 1104 syringe holder assembly

4 20.01.0322A Main body of the syringe assembly (1104)

5 20.01.1282A Sampling syringe main body assembly (1104B)

6 20.01.0039A 3-in-1 syringe holder assembly

7 20.01.1107A Sampling assembly

8 20.01.1106A Negative-pressure chamber assembly

9 20.01.1204A Positive-pressure chamber assembly

10 20.01.0125A Front panel cover

11 22.01.0018A Indicator light panel PCBA

12 22.01.0204A Reagent presence testing PCBA

13 22.01.0021C PCBA of the main control panel (1104)

14 22.01.0025A Reagent sealing panel PCBA

15 20.01.0312A Two-way valve assembly (S)

16 20.01.0313A Three-way valve assembly (S)

17 20.01.0314A Two-way valve assembly (L)

18 20.01.0315A Three-way valve assembly (L)

19 23.99.0005A Wire for the pinch valve

20 23.99.0007C Wire for the location optocoupler

21 23.99.0008A Wire for the liquid pump

22 23.99.0015A Wire for sample absorption micro-switch

23 34.18.0007A Wire for the temperature sensor

24 24.02.0003A Linear motor

25 23.99.0018A Wire for the side door microswitch

26 24.13.0015A Check valve for lyse

113
 7 Maintenance Inventory

No. Material No. Material Name

27 53.08.0016A Belt pulley

28 53.99.0018A Air filter

29 24.13.0008A One-way valve

30 43.11.0010A Photoelectric sensor

31 60.01.0109B Reagent detection module

32 24.01.0002A Air pump

33 23.99.0043A Wire for dual fan

34 24.02.0022A Stepping motor

35 24.05.0033A Synchronous belt (BANDO140MXL6.4mm)

36 24.05.0034A Synchronous belt (BANDO192MXL6.4mm)

37 31.02.0001B LCD screen

38 68.02.0008A Consumer screen (accessory)

39 68.02.0009A Industrial screen (accessory)

40 31.11.0004A Touch screen

41 32.01.0006B Power

42 37.01.0010A Control wire for AD input

43 37.01.0021A Grounding wire for the rear panel

44 37.02.0748A Valve control wire 1~10 (1104B)

45 37.02.0750A Valve control wire 11~20 (1104B)

46 37.02.0534A Control wire for the sampling syringe (1104B)

47 37.02.0035A Control wire for the horizontal/vertical stepping motor

48 37.02.0036B Control wire for the sampling optocoupler

49 37.02.0533A Control wire for the syringe optocoupler (1104B)

50 37.02.0048A Control wire for the float sensor

51 37.02.0040A Liquid pump control wire

52 37.02.0042A Control wire for the temperature sensor

53 37.02.0043A Control wire for heating of preheating bath

54 37.02.0044A Control wire for heating of optical system

55 37.02.0645B Control wire for the display screen (1004)

56 37.02.0641A Control wire for the touch screen (1004)

57 37.02.0642A Back-light control wire (1004)

58 37.02.0049A Reagent control wires

114
 7 Maintenance Inventory

No. Material No. Material Name

59 37.02.0055A Control wire for the front panel cover

60 37.02.0060A Data singal wire for industrial screen

61 37.02.0061A Backlight wire for industrial screen

62 37.02.0751A CAN control wire of closed reagent panel (1104B)

63 37.02.0535A Air pump control wire (1104B)

64 37.02.0536A Control wire of reagent detection optocoupler (1104B)

65 37.02.0749A Valve control wire 21 (1104B)

66 53.02.0001A Cross blind hinge

67 53.09.0003A Guide shaft

68 53.20.0001A Towing-chain connectors

69 53.99.0001A Towing chain

70 20.01.0984A Cleansing swabs

71 56.01.0163A Open sample probe (Needle open)

72 60.01.0012A Isolation chamber

73 60.01.0046A 1104 Keyboard plate for sample absorption switch

74 60.10.0024A 1104 series screen-printing housing

75 63.01.0001A STHT tube for maintenance

76 63.01.0002A Pharmed tube for maintenance

77 63.01.0007A EVA tube (1100mm) for maintenance

78 63.01.0008A Slim No. 50 tube (1000mm) for maintenance

79 63.01.0009A Wide No. 50 tube (850mm) for maintenance

80 63.01.0010A No. 3603 tube (1500mm) for maintenance

81 63.01.0011A MPF tube (1000mm) for maintenance

82 63.01.0013A 1.5mm Teflon tube (1100mm) for maintenance

83 63.01.0014A 1.0mm Teflon tube (1000mm) for maintenance

84 63.01.0003A ABW00002 silicone tube for maintenance

85 63.01.0004A ABW00003 silicone tube for maintenance

86 63.01.0021A 3.2mm Saint-gobain silicone tube for maintenance

87 63.01.0016A 2.4mm TPU rubber tube (300mm) for maintenance

88 63.01.0020A 2.0mm (i.d.) PTFE tube (220mm) for maintenance

89 63.01.0051A 1.6mm tube for maintenance

90 63.01.0080A Rubber tube for maintenance

115