WEEK 3

DATE: 23rd – 27th of September, 2024

CLASS: SS1
PERIOD: 1&2
DURATION: 80 minutes
TOPIC: Motion
SUB-TOPIC: Types of Motion
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha, Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school, Pg 3
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students are with movement of cars from one place to another.
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
i. explain motion
ii. list and explain different types of motion.
RESOURCE MATERIAL: A trolley.
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT
Motion: is define as the change in the position of a body with time with respect to a reference point.
Motion exists in various forms and occurs in all the three states of matter (solids, liquids and gases).
These various forms are; random, translational, rotational and oscillatory motion.
TYPES OF MOTION
1. Random motion: Random motion is the movement of a body in a zigzag or disorderly manner
with no specific direction as shown in the diagram below. Some examples of this kind of
motion are; the motion of dust particles in the air, the motion of smoke particle.
2. Translational motion: This is motion performed by a body in a straight line from a point to
another point if you walk from one end of the classroom to the other, you have performed
translational motion. Translational motion can also be called rectilinear motion. Another
example of translational motion is the dropping of a fruit from a tree to the ground.
3. Rotational motion: When a body moves in a circular path about an axis, it has performed
rotational motion. In other words, rotational motion is the motion a body performs in a
circular path about an axis. The rotation of the blades of a fan, the rotation of a wheel about
an axis, the rotation of the earth about its axis, the motion of a moving vehicle wheel are all
examples of rotational motion.
STRATAGIES AND ACTIVITIES
ACT 1: Teacher introduces the lesson by asking them how they get to today.
ACT 2: Teacher explains the concept of motion, time and force to the students
ACT 3: Teacher lists and explains types of motion to the students.
ACT 4: The students are allowed to gives examples to the types of motion listed by the teacher
EVALUATION: Define motion and its causes.
ASSIGNMENT: List and explain other types of motions you know

PERIOD: 3&4
DURATION: 80 minutes
TOPIC: Motion
SUB-TOPIC: Types of Motion
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha, Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school, Pg 3
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students are with movement of cars from one place to another.
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
i. explain motion
ii. list and explain different types of motion.
RESOURCE MATERIAL(S): A trolley.
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT
4. Oscillatory motion: This is the motion of a body in a to and fro manner about a fixed point.
When a body moves to and fro about a fixed point, we say, the body is oscillating. One
complete oscillation is a circle. Examples of oscillatory motion include, the motion of the
balanced wheel of a wrist watch, the motion of a simple pendulum, the motion of a loaded
test tube inside water, e.t.c.
5. Relative motion: Relative motion is the motion of a body with respect to another. Put in
another way, it is the motion of a body with respect to a reference point. All motions are
relative.
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF MOTION
Sir Isaac Newton's works on motion reveals that an object will remain in its state of rest
(inertia) unless an external force acts on it. This means that if an object is kept on a table, the object
will remain in that state ofrest or on the table unless something touches it. This leads to the
conclusion that the cause of motion is force which can either be a push or a pull. Consider the
diagram below.

Force

(Pull or push)

point B
A pull or push will make the object to move to point B from point A. this means that force is a vector
quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.
STRATAGIES AND ACTIVITIES
ACT 1: Teacher explains the concept of motion, time and force to the students
ACT 2: Teacher explains the causes of motion to students
ACT 3: The students are allows to gives example to the types of motion for corrections by the
teacher
EVALUATION: explain oscillatory and relative motion.
ASSIGNMENT: List and explain other types of motions you know

WEEK 3
DATE: 23rd – 27th of September, 2024
CLASS: SS2
SUBJECT: Physics
PERIOD: 1&2
DURATION: 80 minutes
TOPIC: Projectile.
SUB-TOPIC: Projectile motion
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school. Pg 344
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students are familiar with the concept of equations of uniform
accelerated motion.
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
i. define projectile and projectile motion
ii. list different types of projectiles in sport and warfare
iii. derive the equations projectile motion
RESOURCE MATERIAL: A chart showing projectile motion.

CONTENT DEVELOPMENT.
PROJECTILE.
Projectile motion: is motion of a body along a parabolic path Projectile is refers to the motion of a
body which travels freely in space but, under influence of gravity and air resistance. When a ball is
kicked into the air, it will travel through space in plane. The motion in a plane combination of
upward and downward horizontal motion.
Example of projectile
In sport,
 throwing of discus
 throwing of javelin
 motion of a kicked soccer ball
In warfare
 firing of catapult
 shooting of arrow with bow
 launching of missiles
 firing of canon

Terms in projectile motion

i. Time of flight (T): is the time taken by a projectile to travel from the shooting point to the
landing point.

usinθ
t= …………….time taken to the maximum height
g
2usin θ
T= …………… total time taken
g
ii. Maximum height (H): is the maximum height (vertical distance) attained by a projectile from
the shooting point.
2 2
u sin θ
H=
2g
iii. Range (R): is the total horizontal distance covered by a projectile to the landing point
2
u sin 2 θ
R=
g

STARATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES

ACT 1: Teacher introduces the lesson by revising the equation of motion with the students.
ACT 2: Teacher explains projectile motion and its physical interpretations with chart to the students
ACT 3: Teacher shows the mathematical derivation of equations of motion clearly on the board or
the students.
ACT 4: Teach explains the parameters of the equations and meaning to the students
EVALUATION: A car accelerates uniformly at 1m/s2 for 12s from a velocity of 5m/s. Calculate the
distance travelled. (g = 10m/s2 )
ASSIGNMENT: Explain the motion of body under gravity.

PERIOD: 3&4
DURATION: 80 minutes.
TOPIC: Projectile
SUB-TOPIC: Calculations on projectile motion
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school. Pg 176
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students are familiar with physics and its importance in our
environment
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
i. Solve problem on projectile motion
RESOURCE MATERIAL(S): A chart showing projectile motion
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT
Example: A body is projected at an angle of 30° to the horizontal with a velocity of 150ms-
1
.Calculate the
a. time it takes to reach the greatest height
b. maximum height attained
c. range of the projectile [Take g = 10 ms2 and neglect air resistance]

a. Time of flight to the maximum height

usinθ
t=
g
150 sin30
t=
10
t = 7.5s
b. Maximum height attained
2 2
u sin θ
H=
2g
2 2
150 sin 30
H=
2× 10
H = 1098.2m
c. Range of the projectile
 2
u sin 2 θ
R=
g
2
150 sin 2 ×30
R=
10
R = 1820.2m
STARATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES
ACT 1: Teacher explains and derived the projectile equations the students
ACT 2: Teacher solves a calculation problems on projectile motion in the class
ACT 3: Teacher allows the students to ask questions for better understanding of the lesson
EVALUATION: A projectile is fired at an angle of 30° to the horizontal with a velocity of 40 m/s
Calculate the velocity attained after 1s. [g = 10 m/s2]
ASSIGNMENT: teacher gives assignment from the student’ textbook

WEEK 3
DATE: 23rd – 27th of September, 2024
CLASS: SS3
SUBJECT: Physics
PERIOD: 1&2
DURATION: 80 minutes
TOPIC: Electric Field.
SUB-TOPIC: Coulomb’s law of electrostatics.
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school. Pg 128
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students are familiar gravitational field.
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
ii. explain coulomb’s law of electrostatics
iii. solve problem on electrostatics.
RESOURCE MATERIAL(S): A chart showing the planetary motion
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROSTATICS
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that deals with the phenomena and properties of stationary or
slow-moving electric charges. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges
exert on each other and are described by Coulomb’s law. Even though electrostatically induced
forces seem to be relatively weak.
ELECTRIC FIELD
An electric field is a region of space which surrounds a system of electric charges. Electrical
forces will act on any electric charge which is placed within the region. Electric field is a vector
quantity. The direction of the filed can be determined using a test charge (a small positive charge)
Fundamental Law of Electrostatics
The fundamental law of electrostatic states that “Like charge repels, unlike charges attract”.
COULOMB’S LAW
Coulomb’s law states: that the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is
proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between them.

Mathematically,
F α q1 q2 ……………………………………………..3.0

1
Fα 2 ………………………………………………..3.1
r
Combining equation 3.0 & 3.1
q1q2
Fα 2
r

Kq1 q 2
F= 2 ……………………………………………3.2
r

1
K= …………………………………………….3.3
4 ℼ ε0
Where q1 and q2 are the masses of the two particles r is the distance between them and k is the
coulomb’s constant. The numerical value of K = 9x109 Nm2 C-2.
STARATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES
ACT 1: Teacher introduces the lesson by revising fundamental law of charges with the students.
ACT 2: Teacher explains field and electric field using the prepared chart prepared to the students
ACT 3: Teacher states the coulomb’s law and its interpretation for the students
ACT: Teacher asks the students to deduce the mathematical interpretations of the law.
ACT 4: Teacher solves a problem using the equation derived for the students
EVALUATION: Explain electric field and state coulomb’s law.
ASSIGNMENT: What is electric potential?

PERIOD: 3
DURATION: 40 minutes.
TOPIC: Electric field
SUB-TOPIC: Electric potential and electric intensity
REFERENCE: M.W Anyakoha Ph.D. New school physics for senior secondary school. Pg 126
BUILDING BACKGROUND: The students newton’s universal gravitational law.
LESSON OBJECTIVE(S): By the end of the lesson students should be able to;
i. explain electric potential
ii. explain electric intensity
RESOURCE MATERIAL(S): A chart showing the equation for electric potential
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT.
ELECTRIC FIELD INTENSITY OR STRENGTH (E)
The electric field intensity, E, at any point in an electric field is the force experienced by a unit
positive test charge at that point. It is a vector quantity whose S. I unit is (N/C), mathematically.
F
E= ……………………………………………….3.4
q
q
E= 2 ……………………………………........3.5
4 ℼε 0 r

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
The electric potential (V) at a point is the work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity
to that point against the electrical forces of the field. It is measured in volts. It is scalar quantity.
Mathematically, V = w q
q
V=k
r
Where V= electric potential (volts); W= work done in joules; q = charge in coulombs
The electric potential at a point due to a charge Q at a distance r from the charge Q at a distance r
from the charge is given as:
q
V= …………………………………………….3.6
4 ℼε 0 r

If the work done is against the field, the potential is positive. If the work done is by the field,
the potential is negative. The potential an infinity is zero. Also the potential of the earth is zero. The
earth is used to test the potential of the body. This is done by connecting a wire form the body to the
earth (the body is said to be earthed).
If electrons flow from the body to the earth, the body is at a negative potential. If electron
flows from the earth to the body, the body is at positive potential. Positive points are at higher
potential while negative points are at lower potential.

POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
The potential difference between any two points in an electric field is the work done is taking a unit
positive charge from one point to another in the field.

ELECTRON VOLT (eV)

The electron volt is the quantity of energy gained by an electron in accelerating through a potential
difference of one volt.
Electronic charge (q) = 1.6 x 10-19C, 1eV = 1.6 x 10-19J
The energy acquired by a charged particle accelerated by an electronic field in a vacuum
depends only on its charge and the p.d. through which it falls. When the electron is in motion, its
kinetic energy will be
K.E = ½ me v2 ……………………….……..………….3.7
eVS = ½ me v2

v =
√ 2 eV
me
……………………………………………..3.8

When me is the mass of the electron (charge) and v is the velocity of the electron (electron)
Example 4: An electron gun releases an electron. The p.d. between the gun and the collector plate is
100V. What is the velocity of the electron just before it touches the collector plate? (e = -1.6 x 10 -19C,
Me = 9.1 x 10-31kg)
Solution
Given that;
e = -1.6 x 10-19C, Me = 9.1 x 10-31kg & V = 100V

v =
√ 2 eV
m

v =
√ 2 ×1.6 × 10−19 × 100
9.1× 10
−31

v = 5.93x106 ms-1
STARATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES

ACT 1: Teacher explains electric potential and its unit to the students
ACT 2: Teacher expresses the mathematical expression for electric potential to the students
ACT 3: Teacher allows the students to figure out the units of electric intensity mathematically.
ACT 4: Teacher solves a calculations involving electric potential and intensity
ACT 5: Teacher solves problem on electric intensity.
EVALUATION: explain electric potential and electric intensity
ASSIGNMENT: explain capacitance and capacitor